CN111048751A - Zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111048751A CN111048751A CN201911143211.XA CN201911143211A CN111048751A CN 111048751 A CN111048751 A CN 111048751A CN 201911143211 A CN201911143211 A CN 201911143211A CN 111048751 A CN111048751 A CN 111048751A
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- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material, which comprises the following steps: dispersing a certain amount of pine needle biomass charcoal in absolute ethyl alcohol; dissolving zinc nitrate hexahydrate and manganese nitrate tetrahydrate in deionized water according to a certain stoichiometric ratio, quickly pouring the solution into the biomass charcoal dispersion liquid, uniformly stirring, and then sequentially adding a sodium hydroxide solution and H2O2And (3) forming a suspension, transferring the suspension into a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined high-pressure reaction kettle, and reacting at 160 ℃ for 18 hours to obtain the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material. The preparation process is simple and efficient, and has low costThe obtained composite material has good cycle stability and rate capability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of materials, and particularly relates to a zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Energy is an important cornerstone for social development and economic growth. However, in the last hundred years, the rapid development of the economy comes at the cost of the development and utilization of fossil energy, so that the fossil energy is reduced sharply, and people are always dedicated to the development and utilization of new energy; among many new clean energy sources, lithium ion batteries are widely popular among many researchers due to their outstanding advantages of light weight, high energy density, long cycle stability, no pollution, and the like.
At present, the graphite-based negative electrode material which is most widely applied in commercial lithium ion batteries cannot meet the requirements of next generation power lithium ion batteries on high energy density and long cycle life due to the theoretical capacity (372 mAh/g); meanwhile, the traditional carbon material is prepared from petroleum, coal and the like through processing treatment, and energy and environmental crisis pose corresponding challenges to the further development of the traditional carbon material; therefore, under the background of energy crisis, it is an urgent task for human beings to find a novel high-performance electrode material for the next generation of lithium ion batteries; the biomass materials (agricultural wastes, melon and fruit peels, vegetation and the like) rich in natural content provide a way for the development of the traditional carbon materials; the lithium ion battery can be used as an electrode material of a lithium ion battery by carrying out corresponding treatment on the lithium ion battery, so that the cost can be reduced, and the lithium ion battery conforms to the plan of a sustainable development strategy.
In recent years, binary metal oxides (AxByOn; A, B ═ Zn, Co, Ni, Mn, Fe, etc.) have attracted the attention of researchers; wherein the tetragonal spinel type zinc manganate (ZnMn)2O4) Has the advantages of high specific capacity (1008 mAh/g), low oxidation potential, environmental protection, low cost and the like. But the application of the zinc manganate negative electrode material is limited due to low conductivity and large volume expansion.
The pine needle biomass charcoal material is compounded with zinc manganate to obtain the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material, so that the conductivity and rate performance of the zinc manganate negative electrode material can be improved; meanwhile, the biomass charcoal material has a porous structure, and can provide a corresponding buffer space for the volume expansion of zinc manganate, so that the electrochemical cycle life of the material is prolonged; at present, the research on zinc manganate cathode materials is less, and most of the synthesis processes need calcination treatment and are relatively complex; meanwhile, the research on the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material is very little, and the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material provides a thought for simple synthesis and modification of binary metal oxides.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material and the preparation method thereof, and has the advantages that: the preparation process is simple and efficient, the cost is low, and the problems of low conductivity, large volume expansion and poor cycle performance of the zinc manganate negative electrode material can be solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: provides a preparation method of a zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material. Which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing biomass charcoal: firstly, washing pine needles by absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and then putting the pine needles into a vacuum drying oven to be dried at 80 ℃; putting the dried pine needles into a tubular furnace for pre-carbonization for 2 hours at 300 ℃ in argon atmosphere; the heating rate was kept at 5 ℃ for min-1(ii) a Then grinding the pre-carbonized material into powder, adding the ground powder into a KOH solution (the mass ratio of KOH to the pre-carbonized material is 1: 1), uniformly stirring for 2 hours, and then putting the mixture into a drying oven to dry for 12 hours; transferring the dried powder into a ceramic crucible, calcining in a tube furnace at 900 ℃ for 2 hours in argon atmosphere at the temperature rise speed of 5 ℃ min-1(ii) a Washing the obtained black powder with 1M hydrochloric acid solution and deionized water to be neutral; and finally, collecting the residues, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the pine needle porous biomass charcoal.
(2) Preparing a zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material: dispersing a certain amount of pine needle biomass charcoal in 15ml of absolute ethyl alcohol; dissolving zinc nitrate hexahydrate and manganese nitrate tetrahydrate in 20ml of deionized water according to a certain stoichiometric ratio to obtain a solution A; then quickly pouring the solution A into the biomass charcoal dispersion liquid; after stirring continuously for 30 minutes, 20ml of sodium hydroxide solution (0.39M) was added dropwise to the above solution, and then 1ml of H2O2 (30%) was added to form a suspension; transferring the suspension into a 70ml high-pressure reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and reacting for 18 hours at 160 ℃; and cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, collecting, repeatedly washing with ethanol, and drying at 80 ℃ to finally obtain the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material prepared by the method has high purity, and does not contain other intermediate products or byproducts; the obtained zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material is a mesoporous material, and the specific surface area is 204.34m 2/g; meanwhile, the prepared zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material has excellent rate capability and cycle performance; when the content of the pine needle biomass charcoal material is 12.6%, the discharge specific capacity after circulation for 200 times at 0.2 ℃ is 1381.8 mAh/g, and the charge capacity after circulation for 500 times at 2 ℃ is 727 mAh/g.
Description of the drawings: FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of samples prepared in example 2, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the cycle performance at 0.2C for samples prepared according to example 2 of the present invention, comparative example 1, comparative example 2; in FIG. 2, the abscissa represents the number of cycles, and the ordinate represents the specific discharge capacity/mAh · g-1。
FIG. 3 is a graph of rate capability of samples prepared in example 2 of the present invention, comparative example 1, and comparative example 2; in FIG. 2, the abscissa represents the number of cycles, and the ordinate represents the specific discharge capacity/mAh · g-1The charge and discharge multiplying power is respectively 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.5C, 0.8C and 1C.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the cycling performance at 1C for samples prepared in example 2 of the present invention; in FIG. 4, the abscissa represents the number of cycles, and the ordinate represents the specific discharge capacity/mAh · g-1。
The specific implementation mode is as follows: the present invention is further described in detail in the following examples, which should be construed as merely illustrative and not a limitation of the scope of the present invention, and that various non-essential modifications and alterations of this invention can be made by those skilled in the art based on the teachings herein.
Example 1
Preparing pine needle biomass charcoal: the pine needles are washed by absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and then are put into a vacuum drying oven for drying at 80 ℃. Pre-carbonizing the dried pine needles in a tubular furnace at 300 ℃ for 2 hours in an argon atmosphere, and keeping the heating rate at 5 ℃ for min-1; then grinding the pre-carbonized material into powder, adding the ground powder into a KOH solution (the mass ratio of KOH to the pre-carbonized material is 1: 1), uniformly stirring for 2 hours, and then putting the mixture into a drying oven to dry for 12 hours; transferring the dried powder into a ceramic crucible, calcining for 2 hours in a tubular furnace at 900 ℃ under argon atmosphere, and raising the temperature at 5 ℃ min-1; washing the obtained black powder with 1M hydrochloric acid solution and deionized water to be neutral; and finally, collecting the residues, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the pine needle porous biomass charcoal.
0.0346g of pine needle biomass charcoal is weighed and dispersed in 15mL of absolute ethyl alcohol; 0.0368g of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 0.6501g of manganese nitrate tetrahydrate are weighed and dissolved in 20ml of deionized water to obtain a solution A; then quickly pouring the solution A into the biomass charcoal dispersion liquid; after stirring continuously for 30 minutes, 20mL of sodium hydroxide solution (0.39M) was added dropwise to the solution, followed by 1mL of H2O2 (30%) to form a suspension; transferring the suspension into a 70mL high-pressure reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and reacting for 18 hours at 160 ℃; and cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, collecting, repeatedly washing with ethanol, and drying at 80 ℃ to finally obtain the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material, which is recorded as ZMO @ PNC (10 wt%).
Example 2
0.0548g of pine needle biomass charcoal is weighed and dispersed in 15mL of absolute ethyl alcohol; 0.0368g of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 0.6501g of manganese nitrate tetrahydrate are weighed and dissolved in 20ml of deionized water to obtain a solution A; then quickly pouring the solution A into the biomass charcoal dispersion liquid; after stirring continuously for 30 minutes, 20mL of sodium hydroxide solution (0.39M) was added dropwise to the solution, followed by 1mL of H2O2 (30%) to form a suspension; transferring the suspension into a 70mL high-pressure reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and reacting for 18 hours at 160 ℃; and cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, collecting, repeatedly washing with ethanol, and drying at 80 ℃ to finally obtain the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material, which is recorded as ZMO @ PNC (15 wt%).
Example 3
0.0778g of pine needle biomass charcoal is weighed and dispersed in 15mL of absolute ethyl alcohol; 0.0368g of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 0.6501g of manganese nitrate tetrahydrate are weighed and dissolved in 20ml of deionized water to obtain a solution A; then quickly pouring the solution A into the biomass charcoal dispersion liquid; after stirring continuously for 30 minutes, 20mL of sodium hydroxide solution (0.39M) was added dropwise to the solution, followed by 1mL of H2O2 (30%) to form a suspension; transferring the suspension into a 70mL high-pressure reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and reacting for 18 hours at 160 ℃; and cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, collecting, repeatedly washing with ethanol, and drying at 80 ℃ to finally obtain the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material, which is recorded as ZMO @ PNC (20 wt%).
Comparative example 1
0.0368g of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 0.6501g of manganese nitrate tetrahydrate are weighed and dissolved in a mixed solution of 20mL of deionized water and 15mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, 20mL of sodium hydroxide solution (0.39M) is dripped into the mixed solution after continuous stirring for 30 minutes, 1mL of H2O2 (30%) is added, the mixed solution is transferred into a 70mL of high-pressure reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining after continuous stirring for 30 minutes, and the reaction is carried out for 18 hours at 160 ℃; and cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, collecting, repeatedly washing with ethanol, and drying at 80 ℃ to finally obtain the zinc manganate negative electrode material.
Comparative example 2
The prepared pine needle biomass charcoal was used as comparative example 2.
Electrochemical performance test
The anode materials of the above examples 1, 2, 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2, acetylene black, polyvinylidene fluoride/N-methyl-1-pyrrolidone (PVDF/NMP) were weighed in appropriate amounts to make a ratio of 7: 1.5: 1.5, wherein acetylene black is a conductive agent; PVDF/NMP is 0.02g/mL, which is a binder; adding the substances into a slurry bottle, magnetically stirring for 12 hours, uniformly coating the slurry on a copper foil, vacuum-drying the copper foil for 10 hours at 80 ℃, and finally cutting the copper foil into small wafers with the diameter of 12 mm; using a metal lithium sheet as a counter electrode, a Celgard 2400 microporous polyethylene film as a diaphragm and 1M LiPF6And dissolving Ethylene Carbonate (EC)/diethyl carbonate (DEC) (volume ratio of 1: 1) as an electrolyte, and completing the assembly of the lithium ion button cell in a glove box.
Claims (4)
1. A zinc manganate/pine needle biomass porous carbon composite material; it is characterized by comprising: the biomass carbon comprises, by mass, 80% -90% of zinc manganate and 10% -20% of pine needle biomass carbon.
2. The preparation method of the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein it comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing biomass charcoal: washing pine needles with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and then drying in a vacuum oven at 80 ℃;
pre-carbonizing the cleaned pine needles in a tubular furnace under argon atmosphere; then grinding and collecting the pre-carbonized material; then, weighing a certain mass ratio of pre-carbonized pine needles and KOH, dissolving in deionized water, uniformly stirring, and performing vacuum drying; transferring the obtained dry powder into a ceramic crucible, and calcining in a tubular furnace under the argon atmosphere; washing the obtained black powder with hydrochloric acid solution and deionized water respectively; finally, the residue was collected and dried in a vacuum oven at 80 ℃;
(2) preparing a zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material: dispersing a certain mass of biomass charcoal derived from pine needles prepared according to the method (1) in absolute ethyl alcohol; then adding a mixed solution of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and manganese nitrate tetrahydrate in a certain stoichiometric ratio, uniformly stirring, and then sequentially adding a sodium hydroxide solution and hydrogen peroxide to form a suspension; and transferring the suspension into a stainless steel high-pressure reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining for reaction, and washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material.
3. The preparation method of the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material according to the step (2) of claim 2, weighing a certain mass of pine needle biomass charcoal, and dispersing in 15ml of absolute ethanol; weighing zinc nitrate hexahydrate and manganese nitrate tetrahydrate in a certain stoichiometric ratio, and dissolving in 20ml of deionized water to obtain a solution A; then pouring the solution A into the carbon dispersion liquid quickly; after stirring continuously for 30 minutes, 20ml of NaOH solution was added to 1ml of H2O2 (30%) to form a suspension; and transferring the suspension into a high-pressure reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining for reaction, centrifugally collecting the obtained product, washing and drying to obtain the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material.
4. The preparation method of the zinc manganate/pine needle biomass charcoal composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the prepared biomass charcoal is pre-carbonized and activated.
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CN113267547A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-17 | 河南工业大学 | Preparation method of nickel-zinc-based metal organic framework material with biomass charcoal as carbon source |
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CN113267547A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-17 | 河南工业大学 | Preparation method of nickel-zinc-based metal organic framework material with biomass charcoal as carbon source |
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