CN111045104A - Sampling method suitable for near-surface mineral resource quantity estimation - Google Patents
Sampling method suitable for near-surface mineral resource quantity estimation Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral exploration, and particularly discloses a sampling method suitable for near-surface mineral resource quantity estimation, which comprises the following steps: carrying out systematic geological survey in key areas and determining favorable ore finding target areas; determining a sampling interval; carrying out systematic geological and geophysical exploration compiling and recording on the shallow well, dividing the shallow well into a plurality of sampling sections, and marking the shallow well on the well wall; using a horizontal regular plate as a position interval for grooving and sampling, and covering a plastic sheet on the plate for receiving a sample; chiseling from top to bottom along the mark and cutting out a constant parallel canal volume; filling the samples on the plastic sheets into bags, and writing sample numbers; and repeating the steps S4, S5 and S6 in different sampling sections to perform sampling for estimating the uranium resource amount of the region. The method can reduce the near-surface mineral exploration cost to the maximum extent, and improve the sampling accuracy and the resource quantity estimation reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral exploration, and particularly relates to a rapid and effective sampling method suitable for estimation of the amount of mineral resources on the near-surface with relatively loose main rocks.
Background
The resource amount refers to the amount of all the found and potential mineral resources which have certain feasibility research degree but have uncertain economic significance or belong to next marginal economy in situ mineral resources. The solid mineral resources/reserves are divided into exploratory, controlled, inferred and predicted according to the geological reliability degree, and respectively correspond to four exploration stages of exploration, detailed investigation, general investigation and pre-investigation. Generally, the geological features, the shape, the scale, the grade, the continuity of ore bodies and the like of ore deposits can be found out through a systematic drilling project of the ore bodies, and the resource amount is estimated through core sampling analysis of the system. However, some deposits are near the surface and are time consuming and costly to expose using drilling operations. As in uranium deposits, the calcium-bonded uranium deposits are usually near the surface of the earth, are easy to strip, and have great industrial value. The expected reserves of the nanometer proportion Langer Heinrich calcium-bearing rock type uranium ore deposit exceed 50000t, and the nanometer proportion Langer Heinrich calcium-bearing rock type uranium ore deposit is an ultra-large type uranium ore and is currently mined. Such deposits are found in other countries or regions of the world, such as australia, jordan, usa, saudi arabia, canada, south america and northwest of our country.
At present, no systematic, low-cost, quick and effective exploration and sampling method exists for metal ore deposits close to the earth surface, but effective and reliable sampling is a precondition for resource quantity estimation, so that the method is one of the problems which need to be solved urgently in near-surface mineral exploration and resource quantity estimation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sampling method suitable for estimating the resource quantity of near-surface minerals, which can reduce the exploration cost of the near-surface minerals to the maximum extent and improve the accuracy of sampling and the reliability of resource quantity estimation.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a sampling method suitable for near-surface mineral resource quantity estimation, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1: selecting a key area, carrying out systematic geological survey in the key area, and determining a favorable ore-finding target area;
step S2: determining sampling intervals according to the spreading condition, the attitude, the scale, the continuity, the grade change coefficient and the thickness change coefficient of the ore body;
step S3: carrying out systematic geological and geophysical exploration compiling and recording on the shallow well, dividing the shallow well into a plurality of sampling sections, and marking the shallow well on the well wall;
step S4: using a horizontal regular plate as a position interval for grooving and sampling, and covering a plastic sheet on the plate for receiving a sample;
step S5: scoring from top to bottom along the mark of step S3 above, and cutting a constant parallel canal volume;
step S6: filling the sample on the plastic sheet in the step S4 into a bag, and writing a sample number;
step S7: and repeating the steps S4, S5 and S6 in different sampling sections to perform sampling for estimating the uranium resource amount of the region.
In the step S1, a key area is selected according to the collected, sorted and summarized geological, remote sensing, aviation navigation and physical and chemical exploration data of the working area.
The spreading condition in the step S2 is that the trend is from south to north to west, the production shape is plate-shaped or layered, the scale is medium-sized uranium deposit, the continuity of calcium-bonded rock is good, the grade change coefficient is between 0 and 50, and the thickness change coefficient is between 0 and 50.
In step S3, the well wall is marked with paint.
The length of each sampling section in the step S3 is 0.5-1 meter; if the mineralization thickness exceeds 1 meter or an abnormally high-grade mineralization section exists, sectional sampling is carried out.
The horizontal structured board in the step S4 is made of cardboard or wood board.
In step S5, a chisel and a hammer are used to cut along the mark.
The specific steps in step S6 are as follows: and (3) filling the samples on the plastic sheets into plastic packaging bags, writing sample numbers, then filling the plastic packaging bags into cloth sample bags, and writing the same numbers on the cloth sample bags.
In the step S4, only one sample can be collected from each plastic sheet, and each plastic sheet needs to be replaced when one sample is taken.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: (1) the method of the invention carries out the project, geological and geophysical exploration logging work of the system shallow well in the key ore finding target area, can accurately lock the sampling position and the spacing of the target layer, carries out quick pollution-free sampling, reduces the blindness of mineral exploration, saves time and cost, and provides important technical support for the effective sampling of the system for estimating the amount of near-surface mineral resources.
(2) The method is summarized based on the results of field geological survey, shallow well engineering, system sampling and resource quantity estimation of the near-surface calcium-bearing rock type uranium ore in the Sabhkhah Ad Dumathah region (SAD region for short) and comparison with the known calcium-bearing rock type uranium ore deposits (points) in the countries such as Nanbia, Yodan, Australia and the like, and has wide coverage, good effectiveness and good accuracy. The method has an important guiding function on ore exploration and systematic sampling analysis of shallow surface calcium-bonded uranium ores in China, and has a wide popularization and application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a sampling method suitable for near-surface mineral resource amount estimation according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present invention will be described in further detail below by taking a sampling system of near-surface calcia-type uranium ore in the saute SAD region as an example.
As shown in fig. 1, the sampling method for near-surface mineral resource quantity estimation provided by the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
step S1: collecting, sorting and summarizing data of geology, remote sensing, aviation navigation, physical exploration and the like in a working area, selecting a key area, developing systematic geological survey in the key area, and determining a favorable target area for finding mines.
The method specifically comprises the following steps of aiming at near-surface calcium-bonded rock type uranium ores in Saudi SAD regions: data of geology, remote sensing, aviation navigation, physical exploration and the like in the Saudi SAD area are collected, sorted and summarized, and a north area of the SAD area is selected as a key block. And carrying out systematic geological route survey, ground gamma-ray spectral measurement and groove detection work in the northern area of the SAD area, and determining a favorable calcium-bearing rock type uranium ore prospecting target area which extends in the south east-north west direction, has the length of about 18km and the width of about 5 km.
Step S2: and determining the sampling interval according to the spreading condition, the attitude, the scale, the continuity, the grade change coefficient and the thickness change coefficient of the ore body.
Considering that the ore body is close to the earth surface and the endowing ore body is loose, the mineralization condition of the ore searching target area is disclosed by adopting shallow well engineering, and the method has timeliness and operability. And determining the sampling interval according to the spreading condition, the attitude, the scale, the continuity, the grade change coefficient and the thickness change coefficient of the ore body.
The method specifically comprises the following steps of aiming at near-surface calcium-bonded rock type uranium ores in Saudi SAD regions: according to geological survey and groove exploration disclosure, the thickness of the calcium nodules in the SAD area is 0.2-1.2 meters, the average thickness is 0.5 meters, the buried depth is not more than 5 meters, the trend is in the south-east-north-west direction, the calcium nodules are nearly horizontal and are in a plate shape or a layered shape, but the calcium nodules are not completely consolidated and are loose on the whole, so shallow well engineering is adopted to find out the mineralization condition of an ore body. The calcium-bonded rock is relatively continuous, the thickness change coefficient is 33, and the change is small; average grade of uranium being 100ppm U3O8The grade change coefficient is 34, so the change is small; but the mineralization scale is not large on the whole and is a medium uranium deposit, so that the shallow well sampling interval of the general survey stage in the region is finally determined to be 400m multiplied by 200m, wherein the exploration line interval is 400m, the azimuth angle is 45 degrees, the north and east directions are perpendicular to the trend of ore bodies, and the shallow well interval is 200 m.
Step S3: and carrying out systematic geological and geophysical exploration logging on the shallow well, dividing the shallow well into a plurality of sampling sections according to a logging result, and marking on the well wall.
The method specifically comprises the following steps of aiming at near-surface calcium-bonded rock type uranium ores in Saudi SAD regions: and systematically logging geology and geophysical prospecting of each shallow well, dividing the shallow well into a plurality of sampling sections according to the logging result and the mineralization condition, and marking the shallow well with paint and the like on the well wall. Generally, in each shallow well, at least 3 sampling sections, one mineralized sample and two non-mineralized control samples at the upper and lower boundary lines are taken, and the samples are not taken unless the samples are not mineralized. The length of each sampling section varies from 0.5 to 1 meter, depending in particular on the lithology and mineralization conditions. When the mineralization thickness exceeds 1 m, sampling in sections; if an abnormally high grade mineralisation section is present, it is also sampled in detail, for example in shallow wells DUS14-15, the uranium grade is over 400ppm, so a 20 cm sample is taken.
Step S4: the horizontal structured plate is used as the position interval for grooving sampling, and a plastic sheet is covered on the plate for receiving the sample.
The method specifically comprises the following steps of aiming at near-surface calcium-bonded rock type uranium ores in Saudi SAD regions: the position interval of the notch sampling is made of a horizontal regular cardboard or wood board, and a thick plastic sheet is covered on the cardboard or wood board for receiving the sample, so that the loss of the sample is avoided as much as possible.
It should be noted that only one sample can be collected from each plastic sheet, and one plastic sheet must be replaced for each sample to avoid contamination of the sample.
Step S5: the mark of step S3 is carved from top to bottom and a constant parallel canal volume is cut, with a width of about 10cm and a depth of about 5cm, the length being determined by lithology and mineralization, i.e. the length of the sample.
The method specifically comprises the following steps of aiming at near-surface calcium-bonded rock type uranium ores in Saudi SAD regions: and (3) carving the mark from top to bottom by using a chisel and a hammer, and cutting out a relatively constant parallel pipe with the width of about 10cm and the depth of about 5cm, wherein the length is determined by lithology and mineralization, namely the length of the sample. For example, in a shallow well DUS18-25, mineralized calcium nodule rock is 0.8m in thickness, uranium grade is 100ppm, and the mineralized calcium nodule rock is not extra high grade, so that three samples are collected in the shallow well, namely DUS18-25-1 and 0.5m in length, and are yellow sand mud covered on the mineralized calcium nodule rock; DUS18-25-2, length 0.8m, is mineralized calcium-bearing rock; DUS18-25-3, length 0.5m, is a green mud under calcium-bonded rock.
Step S6: and (4) putting the sample on the plastic sheet in the step S4 into a plastic packaging bag, writing a sample number, then putting the plastic packaging bag into a cloth sample bag, and writing the same number on the cloth sample bag.
Step S7: and repeating the steps S4, S5 and S6 in different sampling sections to perform sampling for estimating the uranium resource amount of the region.
In the embodiment, 967 shallow well projects are developed in the Sauter SAD region, and 1337 samples are collected by the system and used for estimating the calcium-bearing rock type uranium resource quantity in the region, so that the sampling efficiency and the reliability of the samples are ensured, and the accuracy of resource quantity estimation is also ensured.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The prior art can be adopted in the content which is not described in detail in the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A sampling method suitable for near-surface mineral resource quantity estimation is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: selecting a key area, carrying out systematic geological survey in the key area, and determining a favorable ore-finding target area;
step S2: determining sampling intervals according to the spreading condition, the attitude, the scale, the continuity, the grade change coefficient and the thickness change coefficient of the ore body;
step S3: carrying out systematic geological and geophysical exploration compiling and recording on the shallow well, dividing the shallow well into a plurality of sampling sections, and marking the shallow well on the well wall;
step S4: using a horizontal regular plate as a position interval for grooving and sampling, and covering a plastic sheet on the plate for receiving a sample;
step S5: scoring from top to bottom along the mark of step S3 above, and cutting a constant parallel canal volume;
step S6: filling the sample on the plastic sheet in the step S4 into a bag, and writing a sample number;
step S7: and repeating the steps S4, S5 and S6 in different sampling sections to perform sampling for estimating the uranium resource amount of the region.
2. The sampling method for near-surface mineral resource quantity estimation according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S1, a key area is selected according to the collected, sorted and summarized geological, remote sensing, aviation navigation and physical and chemical exploration data of the working area.
3. The sampling method for near-surface mineral resource quantity estimation according to claim 2, characterized in that: the spreading condition in the step S2 is that the trend is from south to north to west, the production shape is plate-shaped or layered, the scale is medium-sized uranium deposit, the continuity of calcium-bonded rock is good, the grade change coefficient is between 0 and 50, and the thickness change coefficient is between 0 and 50.
4. A sampling method suitable for near-surface mineral resource quantity estimation according to claim 3, characterized in that: in step S3, the well wall is marked with paint.
5. The sampling method for near-surface mineral resource quantity estimation according to claim 4, characterized in that: the length of each sampling section in the step S3 is 0.5-1 meter; if the mineralization thickness exceeds 1 meter or an abnormally high-grade mineralization section exists, sectional sampling is carried out.
6. The sampling method for near-surface mineral resource quantity estimation according to claim 5, characterized in that: the horizontal structured board in the step S4 is made of cardboard or wood board.
7. The sampling method for near-surface mineral resource quantity estimation according to claim 6, characterized in that: in step S5, a chisel and a hammer are used to cut along the mark.
8. The sampling method for near-surface mineral resource quantity estimation according to claim 7, characterized in that: the specific steps in step S6 are as follows: and (3) filling the samples on the plastic sheets into plastic packaging bags, writing sample numbers, then filling the plastic packaging bags into cloth sample bags, and writing the same numbers on the cloth sample bags.
9. The sampling method for near-surface mineral resource quantity estimation according to claim 8, characterized in that: in the step S4, only one sample can be collected from each plastic sheet, and each plastic sheet needs to be replaced when one sample is taken.
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| CN201335782Y (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2009-10-28 | 西北有色地质勘查局七一二总队 | Channel sampler |
| CN107339076A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-10 | 玉溪大红山矿业有限公司 | A kind of channeling sampling method that underground tunnel is edited and recorded |
| CN109991666A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-09 | 王锦荣 | A kind of mine geology exploration method |
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