CN111044151A - Solar total irradiance calibration device from traceability to SI - Google Patents

Solar total irradiance calibration device from traceability to SI Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111044151A
CN111044151A CN201911336190.3A CN201911336190A CN111044151A CN 111044151 A CN111044151 A CN 111044151A CN 201911336190 A CN201911336190 A CN 201911336190A CN 111044151 A CN111044151 A CN 111044151A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
irradiance
light source
solar
low
absolute
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Pending
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CN201911336190.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
衣小龙
方伟
费义艳
叶新
王玉鹏
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Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics of CAS
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Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics of CAS
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Priority to CN201911336190.3A priority Critical patent/CN111044151A/en
Publication of CN111044151A publication Critical patent/CN111044151A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02Details
    • G01J1/0295Constructional arrangements for removing other types of optical noise or for performing calibration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/80Calibration

Abstract

A solar total irradiance calibration device from traceability to SI comprises an irradiance calibration light source, a low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source, a solar absolute radiometer and a displacement driving device; the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source and the solar absolute radiometer are accommodated in the vacuum common light path structure; the irradiance calibration light source is used for forming parallel beam laser; the solar absolute radiometer is used for receiving and measuring an irradiance calibration light source through the vacuum common light path structure; the displacement driving device is used for driving the vacuum common-path structure to move so that the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source receives the irradiance calibration light source; the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source comprises a main diaphragm and a low-temperature absolute radiation receiver; the main diaphragm receives and converts the irradiance calibration light source into an irradiance light source, and the low temperature absolute radiation receiver irradiance light source calibrates the irradiance light source entering the low temperature absolute radiation receiver by electrical power. The invention can improve the measurement precision of the solar total irradiance.

Description

Solar total irradiance calibration device from traceability to SI
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radiometry, in particular to a solar total irradiance calibration device which can be traced to SI.
Background
The sun is the source of energy for the earth's climate system, driving almost every dynamic process in the earth's system. The Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) is one of several key parameters of the optical field that are provided by the international society in consideration of the need for the study of climate change, and only if the important parameters affecting the climate change are observed for a long time on the basis of proper uncertainty to establish key data, the reason for the change and the result brought therewith can be determined in the whole study of climate change, and the future climate development trend can be reliably predicted. The TSI measurement based on the satellite platform is taken as a key development plan by multiple countries in the world, and various radiometers successively carry different satellite platforms, such as ERB in the United states, VIRGO in Switzerland, ACRIM in Belgium, Chinese Fengyun satellite and the like. 40 years of spatial solar total irradiance data was accumulated, with a well-accepted solar constant of 1361W/m 2.
The adoption of a radiometric calibration device to correct the radiometric calibration of the space optical remote sensing instrument is an important link in the development process. The method is limited by a calibration light source and the like, and external field comparison calibration is mainly adopted for radiometric calibration before emission of the solar absolute radiometer. In order to unify the world radiometric scale, the world radiometer at the end of the seventies of the last century adopts nine types of fifteen absolute radiometers as a World Standard Group (WSG) in Darwos of Switzerland, the weighted average measurement result is used as a World Radiometric Reference (WRR), an international insolation intensity comparison (IPC) is held every five years, the solar absolute radiometers of all countries in the world synchronously observe the solar radiation of the foundation in an external field and the WSG, the radiometric scale is traced to the WRR reference, and the calibration precision can reach 0.3%. A wind cloud three-number solar radiation monitor (SIM/FY-3) is the only solar total irradiance monitoring instrument based on the space in China. Ground-based solar absolute radiometers (SIARs) were attended to IPC experiments from 2000 to switzerland, and radiation scales were corrected. Through the outfield alignment, SIARs passed the WRR reference to SIM/FY-3. Based on WRR reference, the on-orbit data consistency of the SIM/FY-3 and the international synchronization instrument is 0.3 percent, and the requirement of climate change research is difficult to meet.
The prior calibration device has the following technical problems: firstly, the solar light source adopted by the external field calibration device reduces the stability of the light source due to the change of atmospheric conditions. And secondly, the external field calibration device operates in a normal temperature and normal pressure environment, and has difference with a vacuum environment in actual on-orbit operation, so that the introduced vacuum and normal pressure correction coefficient is difficult to correct, and the system error is increased. And finally, the uncertainty of measurement of the WRR reference source is 0.2%, and the source cannot be traced to the SI. In conclusion, the calibration precision of the external field calibration device is difficult to further improve, and the requirement of the high-precision solar radiation instrument monitor on the calibration precision cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical scheme, the solar total irradiance calibration device has the advantages that the irradiance calibration light source has high stability and spatial uniformity, the precision of the low-temperature irradiance reference source is high, the measurement result is directly traced to the SI, the comparison environment is close to the on-orbit running environment, and the problem of ineffectiveness errors of vacuum air is solved.
The invention provides a solar total irradiance calibration device from traceability to SI, which comprises an irradiance calibration light source, a low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source, a solar absolute radiometer and a displacement driving device, wherein the displacement driving device is connected with the solar absolute radiometer; the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source and the solar absolute radiometer are accommodated in a vacuum common light path structure; the irradiance calibration light source is used for forming parallel beam laser; the solar absolute radiometer is used for receiving and measuring the irradiance calibration light source through the vacuum common light path structure; the displacement driving device is used for driving the vacuum common-path structure to move so that the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source receives the irradiance calibration light source; the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source comprises a main diaphragm and a low-temperature absolute radiation receiver; the main diaphragm receives the irradiance calibration light source and converts the irradiance calibration light source into an irradiance light source, and the low-temperature absolute radiation receiver receives the irradiance light source and calibrates the irradiance light source entering the low-temperature absolute radiation receiver by electrical power.
The invention adopts a vacuum common optical path structure to realize the direct end-to-end comparison of the solar absolute radiometer and the low-temperature absolute radiometer. The solar absolute radiometer and the low-temperature absolute radiation receiver are placed in a vacuum common-path structure, and the vacuum degree is set to be the same as that of the on-orbit environment. Firstly, an irradiance calibration light source is measured by a solar absolute radiometer, and the measurement result is I1Then, a vacuum common light path structure is rotated through a displacement driving device, the same solar simulation light source is measured through a low-temperature absolute irradiance receiver, and the measurement result is I2. Finally, the solar absolute radiometer is calibrated by comparing the measurements, and the correction factor (n) is calculated by: n ═ I1/I2. The invention has the following advantages: the irradiance calibration light source has high stability and space uniformity; the low-temperature irradiance reference source has high precision, and the measurement result is directly traced to the SI; compared with the environment which is close to the on-orbit operation environment, the inequivalent error of vacuum air is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a total solar irradiance calibration apparatus that is traceable to SI provided by the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an irradiance calibration light source of the total solar irradiance calibration apparatus traceable to SI shown in FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a reference source of low temperature absolute irradiance for the total solar irradiance calibration apparatus traceable to SI shown in fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the solar absolute radiometer measuring irradiance calibration illuminant of the total solar irradiance calibration fixture from traceable to SI shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a low temperature absolute irradiance reference source measuring irradiance calibration light source of the total solar irradiance calibration apparatus traceable to SI shown in FIG. 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a solar total irradiance calibration apparatus 100 traceable to SI according to the present invention includes an irradiance calibration light source 10, a low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source 20, a solar absolute radiometer 30, and a displacement driving apparatus 40; the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source 20 and the solar absolute radiometer 30 are contained in a vacuum common optical path structure 50; the irradiance calibration light source 10 is used for forming parallel beam laser; the solar absolute radiometer 30 is used for receiving and measuring the irradiance calibration light source 10 through the vacuum common light path structure 50; the displacement driving device 40 is used for driving the vacuum common light path structure 50 to move so that the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source 20 receives the irradiance calibration light source 10; the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source 20 comprises a main diaphragm and a low-temperature absolute radiation receiver; the main diaphragm receives the irradiance calibration light source and converts the irradiance calibration light source into an irradiance light source, and the low-temperature absolute radiation receiver receives the irradiance light source and calibrates the irradiance light source entering the low-temperature absolute radiation receiver by electrical power.
The invention adopts a vacuum common optical path structure to realize the direct end-to-end comparison of the solar absolute radiometer and the low-temperature absolute radiometer. The solar absolute radiometer and the low-temperature absolute radiation receiver are placed in a vacuum common-path structure, and the vacuum degree is set to be the same as that of the on-orbit environment. Firstly, an irradiance calibration light source is measured by a solar absolute radiometer, and the measurement result is I1As shown in fig. 4 below. Then, the vacuum common light path structure 50 is rotated by the displacement driving device, the same solar simulation light source is measured by the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference, and the measurement result is I2As shown in fig. 5 below. Finally, the solar absolute radiometer is calibrated by comparing the measurements, and the correction factor (n) is calculated by: n ═ I1/I2. The invention has the following advantages: the irradiance calibration light source has high stability and space uniformity; the low-temperature irradiance reference source has high precision, and the measurement result is directly traced to the SI; comparison environmentThe device is close to an on-orbit operation environment, and the ineffectiveness error of vacuum air is solved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the vacuum common path structure 50 includes a main pipe 51, a first branch pipe 52, a second branch pipe 53, a first receiving device 54 and a second receiving device 55; one end of the main pipe 51 is opposite to the irradiance calibration light source 10, and the other end is respectively communicated with a first branch pipe 52 and a second branch pipe 53; the first receiving device 54 and the second receiving device 55 respectively receive the solar absolute radiometer 30 and the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source 20 and respectively communicate with the ends of the first branch pipe 52 and the second branch pipe 53 away from the main pipe 51. In this embodiment, the optical axis of the main pipe 51 and the optical axis of the irradiance calibration light source 10 are coaxially arranged, and the main pipe 51 is connected with the first branch pipe 52 and the second branch pipe 53 in a sealing and rotating manner.
Further, the displacement driving device 40 is used for driving the first branch pipe 52, the second branch pipe 53, the first receiving device 54 and the second receiving device 55 to move, so that the irradiance calibration light source 10 can be projected to the solar absolute radiometer 30 through the main pipe 51 and the first branch pipe 52 or projected to the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source 20 through the main pipe 51 and the second branch pipe 53.
In the present embodiment, an acute angle connection is formed between the first branch pipe 52 and the second branch pipe 53, and the displacement driving device 40 includes a motor 41 fixedly installed on a test bench 60 and a fan-shaped moving plate 42 disposed on the motor 41; one end of the fan-shaped moving plate 42 is rotatably connected to the test table 60, and the bottom surface of the other end is fixedly connected with the motor 41; the first receiving device 54 and the second receiving device 55 are mounted at one end of the fan-shaped moving plate 42 close to the motor 41. More specifically, one end of the sector-shaped moving plate 42 located at the center of the circle is close to the main pipe 51 and is rotatably connected to the test table 60, and the first accommodating device 54 and the second accommodating device 55 are distributed on an arc-shaped track where the rotation connection point of the sector-shaped moving plate 42 is circular. In this way, the motor 41 rotates the sector motion plate 42 to rotate the first branch pipe 52 and the first receiving device 54 together and the second branch pipe 43 and the second receiving device 55 together, so that the first branch pipe 52 or the second branch pipe 53 is coaxial with the main pipe 51, respectively. In this way, an on-orbit motion environment can be simulated, and the acute angle connection between the first branch pipe 52 and the second branch pipe 53 can reduce the overall volume of the device and is convenient to operate.
In the present embodiment, the sector motion plate 42 is provided with a grating scale 43. The rotation angle of the sector motion plate 42 is measured by the grating ruler 43, so that the precision of the rotation angle of the sector motion plate 42 is ensured, and the grating ruler 43 can be arranged on one side of the sector drive plate 43 away from the main pipe 51 and can also be arranged on the test bench 60.
In the present embodiment, the vacuum common optical path structure 50 further includes a refrigerator 56 and a vacuum pump 57 connected to and communicating with the second storage device 55; respectively, for providing a preset temperature environment and a preset vacuum environment for the vacuum common optical path structure 50, so as to simulate an on-orbit motion environment. The on-orbit running environment in the present embodiment refers to a moving environment of the earth on the solar orbit.
As shown in fig. 3, the low-temperature irradiance reference source 20 further includes an impurity-eliminating diaphragm and an optical limiting diaphragm; and the irradiance calibration light source reaches the low-temperature absolute radiation receiver after passing through the main diaphragm, the impurity removing diaphragm and the view field limiting diaphragm in sequence. The main diaphragm with accurately known coverage area of the irradiance calibration light source is converted into an irradiance light source, and the impurity eliminating diaphragm and the view limiting diaphragm are respectively used for eliminating impurity signals and forming a preset field angle. The low-temperature absolute radiation receiver adopts an electrical substitution measurement principle, the electric power which can be accurately measured is used for calibrating the irradiance light source entering the low-temperature absolute radiation receiver, and the measurement result can be directly traced to SI, so that a high-precision low-temperature absolute irradiance reference is established.
As shown in fig. 2, the irradiance calibration light source 10 includes a laser 11, an attenuator 12, a polarizer 13, a spatial filter 14, a power stabilizer 15, a transflector 16, a fast scanner 17, and a collimator 18; the laser 11 is used for emitting laser; the laser sequentially passes through an attenuator 12, a polarizer 13, a spatial filter 14 and a power stabilizer 15 to improve power stability, is reflected to a fast scanner 17 through a transreflector 16, the fast scanner 17 enables the laser to scan in a fixed path, and the collimator 18 is used for modulating the laser into parallel beams with high spatial uniformity, so that an irradiance calibration light source is established. Further, the irradiance calibration light source 10 further includes a stability monitor 19; the laser also passes through an attenuator 12, a polarizer 13, a spatial filter 14 and a power stabilizer 15 in sequence to improve the power stability, and is transmitted to a stability monitor through a transflector 16. In fig. 2, the optical axes of the laser 11, the attenuator 12, the polarizer 13, the spatial filter 14, and the power stabilizer 15 are perpendicular to the optical axes of the fast scanner 17 and the collimator 18.
It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the optical axes of the laser 11, attenuator 12, polarizer 13, spatial filter 14, power stabilizer 15, fast scanner 17 and collimator 18 are coaxially arranged; the transreflective mirror 16 is coaxially disposed at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the optical axis of the collimator 18. At this time, the laser light sequentially passes through the attenuator 12, the polarizer 13, the spatial filter 14, and the power stabilizer 15 to improve power stability, is transmitted to the fast scanner 17 through the transreflective mirror 16, the fast scanner 17 scans the laser light in a fixed path, and the laser light is modulated into a parallel beam with high spatial uniformity using the collimator 18. The laser also passes through an attenuator 12, a polarizer 13, a spatial filter 14 and a power stabilizer 15 in sequence to improve the power stability, and is reflected to a stability monitor 19 through a transflector 16.
The invention utilizes the vacuum common light path structure and the irradiance calibration light source, can realize the direct comparison of the solar absolute radiometer and the low-temperature irradiance reference source, simplifies the calibration link and improves the calibration precision.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express one or several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A solar total irradiance calibration device from traceability to SI is characterized by comprising an irradiance calibration light source, a low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source, a solar absolute radiometer and a displacement driving device; the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source and the solar absolute radiometer are accommodated in a vacuum common light path structure; the irradiance calibration light source is used for forming parallel beam laser; the solar absolute radiometer is used for receiving and measuring the irradiance calibration light source through the vacuum common light path structure; the displacement driving device is used for driving the vacuum common-path structure to move so that the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source receives the irradiance calibration light source; the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source comprises a main diaphragm and a low-temperature absolute radiation receiver; the main diaphragm receives the irradiance calibration light source and converts the irradiance calibration light source into an irradiance light source, and the low-temperature absolute radiation receiver receives the irradiance light source and calibrates the irradiance light source entering the low-temperature absolute radiation receiver by electrical power.
2. The device for calibrating solar total irradiance traceable to SI according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum common path structure comprises a main pipeline, a first branch pipe, a second branch pipe, a first containing device and a second containing device; one end of the main pipeline is opposite to the irradiance calibration light source, and the other end of the main pipeline is respectively communicated with the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe; the first containing device and the second containing device are used for containing the solar absolute radiometer and the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source respectively and are communicated with one ends, far away from the main pipe, of the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe respectively.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the displacement driving device is configured to drive the first branch pipe, the second branch pipe, the first receiving device and the second receiving device to move, so that the irradiance calibration light source can be projected to the solar absolute radiometer through the main pipe and the first branch pipe or projected to the low-temperature absolute irradiance reference source through the main pipe and the second branch pipe.
4. The solar total irradiance calibration device from traceable to SI according to claim 3, wherein the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe form an acute angle connection, the displacement driving device comprises a motor fixedly installed on a test bench and a fan-shaped moving plate arranged on the motor; one end of the fan-shaped moving plate is rotatably connected to the test board, and the bottom of the other end of the fan-shaped moving plate is fixedly connected with the motor; the first containing device and the second containing device are arranged at one end, close to the motor, of the fan-shaped moving plate.
5. The device for calibrating solar total irradiance traceable to SI according to claim 4, wherein a grating ruler is arranged on the fan-shaped moving plate.
6. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising a refrigerator and a vacuum pump connected to and in communication with the second receptacle.
7. The device for solar total irradiance calibration traceable to SI according to claim 1, wherein the low-temperature irradiance reference source further comprises an anti-clutter diaphragm and a view-limiting diaphragm; and the irradiance calibration light source reaches the low-temperature absolute radiation receiver after passing through the main diaphragm, the impurity removing diaphragm and the vision limiting diaphragm in sequence.
8. The solar total irradiance calibration device from traceable to SI of claim 1, wherein the irradiance calibration light source comprises a laser, an attenuator, a polarizer, a spatial filter, a power stabilizer, a transflector, a fast scanner, and a collimator; the laser is used for emitting laser; the laser sequentially passes through an attenuator, a polarizer, a spatial filter and a power stabilizer to improve the power stability, the laser transmitted by a transmitting reflector is transmitted to a fast scanner, the fast scanner enables the laser to scan in a fixed path, and a collimator is used for modulating a laser light source into parallel beams with high spatial uniformity, so that an irradiance calibration light source is established.
9. The total solar irradiance calibration device, traceable to SI, of claim 8, further comprising a stability monitor; the laser passes through an attenuator, a polarizer, a spatial filter and a power stabilizer in sequence and then is reflected by a transreflector to a stability monitor.
10. The solar total irradiance calibration device from traceable to SI according to claim 9, wherein the optical axes of the laser, the attenuator, the polarizer, the spatial filter, the power stabilizer, the fast scanner and the collimator are coaxially arranged; the transmitting reflector and the optical axis of the collimator form a 45-degree angle and are coaxially arranged.
CN201911336190.3A 2019-12-23 2019-12-23 Solar total irradiance calibration device from traceability to SI Pending CN111044151A (en)

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CN107966208A (en) * 2017-11-14 2018-04-27 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 A kind of measuring method based on the modified sun absolute radiometer of chamber temperature
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