CN111043277B

CN111043277B - Gear transmission device capable of eliminating backlash

Info

Publication number: CN111043277B
Application number: CN201911366485.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高志良
Original assignee: Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics of CAS
Current assignee: Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics of CAS
Priority date: 2019-12-26
Filing date: 2019-12-26
Publication date: 2020-11-24
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-26
Also published as: CN111043277A

Abstract

The invention discloses a gear transmission device capable of eliminating backlash, which comprises a driven backlash eliminating gear set meshed with a driving gear and a torsion spring plate with a circular ring structure, wherein the driven backlash eliminating gear set comprises a driven gear and a backlash preventing gear which are coaxial, fixing parts with the same number as the spokes of the driven gear extend from the outer ring of the torsion spring plate, the fixing parts are fixed on the spokes of the driven gear, elastic claws contacted with the spokes of the backlash preventing gear extend from the fixing parts or the outer ring of the torsion spring plate, and the elastic claws generate torsional moment on the backlash preventing gear, so that the backlash preventing gear and the driven gear are meshed with the driving gear after being staggered by a certain angle. According to the invention, the elastic claw provides torsion moment for the idle return prevention gear, so that the idle return prevention gear is meshed with the driving gear after being staggered by a certain angle with the driven gear, and when the idle return prevention gear is meshed with the driving gear for transmission, the torsion moment generated by the elastic claw is larger than the transmission resistance moment, so that an idle return gap is eliminated, and the rotation positioning precision is improved.

Description

Gear transmission device capable of eliminating backlash

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of gear transmission, in particular to a gear transmission device capable of eliminating backlash.

Background

In a mechanical structure of precision gear transmission, when a control gear rotates clockwise and anticlockwise, a backlash is generated between two gears meshed with each other due to the fact that machining errors exist in the center distance of a fixed gear shaft, and therefore rotation positioning errors of transmission angles are generated when the two gears are in clockwise meshing transmission and anticlockwise meshing transmission.

Particularly, in relation to the transmission of an absolute rotary encoder, the requirement on the transmission error of clockwise rotation and anticlockwise rotation of a gear shaft is high, and the code value has extremely high corresponding accuracy, so that the rotation positioning accuracy of two gears in clockwise meshing transmission and anticlockwise meshing transmission needs to be improved by adopting a clearance elimination method.

The conventional general method is a mechanical structure using a tension spring, and the structure is that the spring is hidden in a gear, so that the adjustment and the replacement of the spring are inconvenient, and the reliability of a hanging spring and a pressure spring is poor, and the unhooking and bias falling are easy.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a gear transmission device capable of eliminating backlash, which adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a gear transmission device capable of eliminating backlash, which comprises: the driven clearance gear group that disappears and the torsion spring board of circle annular structure with driving gear meshing, driven clearance gear group that disappears includes coaxial driven gear and sky return prevention gear, the outer loop at the torsion spring board extends and has the fixed part the same with driven gear's spoke quantity, the fixed part is fixed on driven gear's spoke, the outer loop at fixed part or torsion spring board extends and has the elastic claw that contacts with the spoke of sky return prevention gear, the elastic claw produces torsion moment to the sky return prevention gear, make the sky return prevention gear and driven gear stagger behind certain angle with the driving gear meshing.

Preferably, the fixing portion is fixed to the driven gear by a screw.

Preferably, the elastic claw is bent in the direction of the backlash preventing gear.

Preferably, the driven gear is identical in structure to the backlash preventing gear.

Preferably, the elastic claw extends only from the fixing portion.

The invention can obtain the following technical effects:

1. the elastic claw of the torsion spring plate provides torsion force for the idle return preventing gear, the idle return preventing gear and the driven gear are meshed with the driving gear after being staggered by a certain angle, and when the idle return preventing gear is in meshed transmission with the driving gear, the torsion moment generated by the elastic claw is larger than the transmission resistance moment, so that an idle return gap is eliminated, and the rotation positioning precision is improved.

2. The torsion spring plate has the advantages of convenience in replacement and difficulty in falling relative to the spring.

3. The torsion is adjusted by adjusting the number of the elastic claws of the torsion spring plate or the thickness of the elastic claws, the torsion ratio can be flexibly adjusted, and the installation, the replacement and the adjustment are more stable and reliable.

4. The torsion spring plate is easy to process and simple and reliable to form, and the spring plates with the same type and different thicknesses can be stacked together to process and produce a plurality of pieces at one time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall construction of a gear assembly for eliminating backlash according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a perspective view of a torsion spring plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a gear assembly to eliminate backlash in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein the reference numerals include: the anti-backlash mechanism comprises a driven backlash eliminating gear set 1, a driven gear 1-1, an anti-backlash gear 1-2, a torsion spring plate 2, a fixing part 2-1, an elastic claw 2-2, a fixing hole 2-3, a driving gear 3, a driving shaft driving motor 4, an absolute rotary encoder 5 and a screw 6.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Noun interpretation

Center distance: generally referred to as the center distance of the two gear shafts.

Rotation positioning accuracy: under the same condition, the object returns to the position accuracy of the original position after moving the position.

The invention provides a gear transmission device capable of eliminating backlash, which is characterized in that driven gears in meshing transmission with a driving gear are made into two pieces, the two pieces of driven gears are staggered by a certain angle through a torsion spring plate and then are respectively meshed with the driving gear to form staggered meshing, so that the backlash is eliminated, and the rotation positioning precision is improved. The gear transmission device capable of eliminating backlash provided by the embodiment of the invention can be applied to various structures requiring precise gear transmission, and the specific structure and the working principle of the gear transmission device capable of eliminating backlash are explained in detail by taking the transmission of an absolute rotary encoder as an example and combining the attached drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a gear transmission device capable of eliminating backlash according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: driven clearance gear group 1 and torsion spring board 2 that disappears, driven clearance gear group 1 suit that disappears is on absolute formula rotary encoder 5's gear shaft, rotates with absolute formula rotary encoder 5's gear shaft synchronization, and driven clearance gear group 1 that disappears still meshes the transmission with driving gear 3, and driving gear 3 suit is epaxial at the driving gear, and the driving gear axle passes through the shaft coupling to be connected with driving shaft driving motor 4, drives driving gear 3 through driving shaft driving motor 4 and rotates.

The driven backlash-eliminating gear set 1 comprises a driven gear 1-1 and an idle return prevention gear 1-2, wherein the driven gear 1-1 and the idle return prevention gear 1-2 are coaxially arranged, and the driven gear 1-1 and the idle return prevention gear 1-2 have the same structure, namely the driven gear 1-1 and the idle return prevention gear 1-2 have the same number of gear teeth and the same number of spokes.

The backlash-proof gear 1-2 can rotate relative to the driven gear 1-1, the sum of the tooth widths of the driven gear 1-1 and the backlash-proof gear 1-2 is the same as the tooth width of the driving gear 3, and after the backlash-proof gear 1-2 is twisted by a certain angle and is staggered with the driven gear 1-1 by a plurality of teeth, the staggered driving gear 1-1 and the backlash-proof gear 1-2 are meshed with the driving gear 3 to eliminate backlash.

The innovation of the invention is the structure of the torsion spring plate 2, and the torsion spring plate 2 is of a circular structure, so that the torsion spring plate can be arranged on the driven gear 1-1. In order to facilitate replacement of the torsion spring plate 2, the torsion spring plate 2 is mounted on the driven gear 1-1 through the screw 6, and the fixing mode is high in reliability and not easy to fall off.

The outer ring of the torsion spring plate 2 extends with fixing parts 2-1 along the circumferential direction, the number of the fixing parts 2-1 is the same as that of the spokes of the driven gear 1-1, each fixing part 2-1 is respectively provided with a fixing hole 2-3 matched with a screw 6, and the torsion spring plate 2 is fixed on the spokes of the driven gear 1-1 through the screws 6.

The elastic claw 2-2 extends from the fixed part 2-1, the elastic claw 2-2 and the fixed part 2-1 are both of sheet structures, and the elastic claw 2-2 is formed by bending towards the spoke direction of the idle return prevention gear 1-2 and is used for contacting with the spoke of the idle return prevention gear 1-2. When acting force is applied to the elastic claw 2-2 to twist the idle return prevention gear 1-2, the elastic claw 2-2 can generate torsional moment opposite to the acting force, so that the idle return prevention gear 1-2 is staggered with a plurality of gear teeth relative to the driven gear 1-1 and then is meshed with the driving gear 3, and when the idle return prevention gear 1-2 is meshed with the driving gear 3 for transmission, the elastic torsional moment generated by the elastic claw 202 is larger than the transmission resistance moment, so that idle return gaps are eliminated, and the rotation positioning precision is improved.

When the driven backlash eliminating gear set 1 is installed, the driven gear 1-1 and the backlash preventing gear 1-2 on the driven backlash eliminating gear set 1 are twisted with each other and then meshed with the driving gear 3, so that the aim of eliminating backlash is fulfilled.

Of course, the elastic claw 2-2 may be formed as a separate structure from the fixing portion 2-1 and welded to the fixing portion 2-1.

The invention can adjust the torsional moment of each torsion spring plate 2 by increasing or decreasing the number of the elastic claws 2-2, the thickness of the elastic claws 2-2 or the length of the elastic claws 2-2, and the elastic claws 2-2 with different thicknesses can generate different torsional moments by matching with the elastic claws 2-2 with different numbers to form a series of torsion spring plates 2 so as to be matched with different transmission mechanisms. In the same structure, the larger the number of the elastic claws 2-2, the larger the generated torsion moment. Similarly, in the case of the same number of elastic claws 2-2, the thicker the thickness of the elastic claw 2-2, the greater the generated torsion moment, and, in the case of the same thickness of the elastic claw 2-2, the longer the elastic claw 2-2, the smaller the generated torsion moment, and the shorter the elastic claw 2-2, the greater the generated torsion moment.

When the torsion spring plate 2 is manufactured, the structural form of fig. 3 is adopted, and the torsion spring plate is formed by wire cutting.

When the torsion spring plates 2 of the same type and different thicknesses are used, the torsion spring plates can be stacked together for one-time linear cutting forming, and the production efficiency can be improved.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

The above embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a can eliminate gear drive of empty clearance that returns, includes the driven clearance gear group that disappears with driving gear meshing, driven clearance gear group that disappears includes coaxial driven gear and the empty gear that returns of prevention, its characterized in that still includes the torsion spring board of circle annular structure the outer loop of torsion spring board extend have with the fixed part that the spoke quantity of driven gear is the same, the fixed part is fixed on driven gear's spoke the elastic claw that fixed part or the outer loop of torsion spring board extend have with the spoke of the empty gear that returns of prevention contacts, the elastic claw to the empty gear that returns of prevention produces torsional moment, make the empty gear that returns with driven gear stagger certain angle after with the driving gear meshing.

2. The gear transmission capable of eliminating backlash as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fixing portion is fixed to said driven gear by a screw.

3. The backlash eliminable gear transmission according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the driven gear and the backlash preventing gear have the same structure.

4. The gear transmission capable of eliminating backlash as set forth in claim 3, wherein said elastic claw is extended only at said fixed portion.