CN111041167A - High-temperature salt bath furnace deoxidizer and deoxidation method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature salt bath furnace deoxidizer and deoxidation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111041167A CN111041167A CN202010053874.9A CN202010053874A CN111041167A CN 111041167 A CN111041167 A CN 111041167A CN 202010053874 A CN202010053874 A CN 202010053874A CN 111041167 A CN111041167 A CN 111041167A
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- salt bath
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- bath furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/44—Methods of heating in heat-treatment baths
- C21D1/46—Salt baths
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
Abstract
The invention relates to a deoxidation technology in metallurgical manufacturing, in particular to a high-temperature salt bath furnace deoxidizer and a deoxidation method thereof, which solve the problem that the surface oxidation and decarburization phenomena of parts are serious when the existing high-speed steel and high-alloy steel are quenched and heated. A deoxidizer for a high-temperature salt bath furnace is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 59-67 parts of titanium dioxide; 33-41 parts of silica gel. According to the invention, the deoxidizer is placed in the middle of the salt bath by utilizing the self weight of the reaction cage and fully reacts with the oxide in the salt bath to generate barium titanate with a better melting point, slag is formed, slag is convenient to drag for, the deoxidizing effect is greatly improved, further, the phenomena of oxidation and decarburization on the surface of a part are avoided, and meanwhile, the deoxidizer has the advantages of convenience in raw material purchase and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a deoxidation technology in metallurgy manufacture, in particular to a high-temperature salt bath furnace deoxidizer and a deoxidation method thereof.
Background
The medium used by the high-temperature salt bath furnace is 100 percent of industrial barium chloride (BaCl2 & 2H2O), and the industrial barium chloride contains a small amount of NaCl, strontium, sulfide, iron, water insoluble substances and other impurities, has a melting point of 960 ℃ and a use temperature of 1100-1350 ℃, and is mainly used for quenching and heating high-speed steel and high-alloy steel.
When the quenching and heating are carried out on the high-speed steel and the high-alloy steel, the following defects exist:
firstly, industrial barium chloride reacts with oxygen at high temperature, and after being used for a period of time, barium oxide or a small amount of sodium oxide is generated, and the chemical reaction formula is as follows: BaCl2+ O2= BaO + Cl2, 2NaCl + beama O2= Na2O + Cl 2. With the time, the amount of oxides (BaO, Na2O) is obviously increased, and during the heating process of the steel part, the oxides in the molten salt contact with the surface of the steel part and continuously absorb iron and carbon elements in the surface of the steel part, thereby causing the oxidation and decarburization of the part.
Secondly, the oxide skin on the surfaces of the steel part and the clamp, the oxide skin generated by the action of the molten salt and the low-carbon steel Q235 electrode, the hearth, the refractory material and the like fall into the furnace, and in addition, oxygen and water vapor in the air are continuously contacted with the molten salt to generate slow chemical reaction, a metal oxide film is generated on the surface of the steel part, so that iron and carbon in the steel are oxidized, and oxides and carbides are generated to cause the oxidation and decarburization of the part.
Third, the salt used in the high-temperature salt bath often contains impurities (harmful impurities contained in the chloride salt such as sulfate, carbonate, moisture, etc.) which are decomposed into oxides under the action of high temperature (wherein the sulfate also directly reacts with the steel to generate oxidation decarburization and corrosion phenomena), and the oxides cause oxidation decarburization on the surface of the part.
Fourth, corrosion and pitting sometimes occur on the surface of the part in the high temperature salt bath because about 2% of impurities such as CaSO4, Na2SO4, MgSO4, etc. are present in the salt bath, and they react with iron, carbide, etc. in the part, and the reaction product causes decarburization of the surface of the part.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-temperature salt bath furnace deoxidizer and a deoxidizing method thereof, aiming at solving the problem that the surface oxidation and decarburization phenomena of parts are serious when the existing high-speed steel and high-alloy steel are quenched and heated.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a deoxidizer for a high-temperature salt bath furnace is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 59-67 parts of titanium dioxide; 33-41 parts of silica gel.
The selection of the components and the content in the deoxidizer is obtained through a large number of repeated experiments, and the deoxidizer overcomes the problems of serious phenomena of part surface oxidation and decarburization during quenching and heating of the existing high-speed steel and high-alloy steel.
A deoxidation method of a high-temperature salt bath furnace deoxidizer comprises the following steps: a. heating the high-temperature salt bath furnace to 1290-1310 ℃; b. the reaction cage is made of stainless steel and comprises a columnar cage body, a lifting handle is arranged at the upper end of the columnar cage body, a plurality of liquid inlets are formed in the cylindrical surface and the bottom surface of the columnar cage body, and tin foil is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom surface of the columnar cage body; c. putting a deoxidizing agent into the reaction cage, slowly feeding the reaction cage into the middle part of a salt bath of a high-temperature salt bath furnace for reaction, taking out the reaction cage after the reaction is finished, uniformly stirring the reaction cage by using a stainless steel bar, putting an equivalent amount of deoxidizing agent into the reaction cage again, immersing the reaction cage into the salt bath for reaction, and finishing the deoxidation of the high-temperature salt bath furnace, wherein the mass sum of the deoxidizing agents added twice is 2-4% of the mass of industrial barium chloride; d. after the floating precipitate generated after deoxidation is slagging, removing the slag by dragging the slag to regenerate the salt bath in the high-temperature salt bath furnace; e. and c, repeating the step c every eight hours on the basis of continuous operation of the high-temperature salt bath furnace.
According to the invention, the deoxidizer is placed in the middle of the salt bath by utilizing the self weight of the reaction cage and fully reacts with the oxide in the salt bath to generate barium titanate with a better melting point, slag is formed, slag is convenient to drag for, the deoxidizing effect is greatly improved, further, the phenomena of oxidation and decarburization on the surface of a part are avoided, and meanwhile, the deoxidizer has the advantages of convenience in raw material purchase and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reaction cage according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-columnar cage body, 2-lifting handle and 3-liquid inlet.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A deoxidizer for a high-temperature salt bath furnace is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of titanium dioxide; and 35 parts of silica gel.
A deoxidation method of a high-temperature salt bath furnace deoxidizer comprises the following steps:
a. heating a high-temperature salt bath furnace to 1300 ℃;
b. the reaction cage is made of stainless steel and comprises a columnar cage body 1, a lifting handle 2 is arranged at the upper end of the columnar cage body 1, a plurality of liquid inlets 3 are formed in the cylindrical surface and the bottom surface of the columnar cage body 1, and tinfoil is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom surface of the columnar cage body 1;
c. putting a deoxidizing agent into the reaction cage, slowly feeding the reaction cage into the middle part of a salt bath of a high-temperature salt bath furnace for reaction, taking out the reaction cage after the reaction is finished, uniformly stirring the reaction cage by using a stainless steel bar, putting an equivalent amount of deoxidizing agent into the reaction cage again, immersing the reaction cage into the salt bath for reaction, and finishing the deoxidation of the high-temperature salt bath furnace, wherein the mass sum of the deoxidizing agents added twice is 3% of the mass of industrial barium chloride;
d. after the floating precipitate generated after deoxidation is slagging, removing the slag by dragging the slag to regenerate the salt bath in the high-temperature salt bath furnace;
e. and c, repeating the step c every eight hours on the basis of continuous operation of the high-temperature salt bath furnace.
The salt bath after deoxidation has extremely bright brightness and good fluidity.
Example 2
A deoxidizer for a high-temperature salt bath furnace is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 67 parts of titanium dioxide; and 33 parts of silica gel.
A deoxidation method of a high-temperature salt bath furnace deoxidizer comprises the following steps:
a. heating a high-temperature salt bath furnace to 1310 ℃;
b. the reaction cage is made of stainless steel and comprises a columnar cage body 1, a lifting handle 2 is arranged at the upper end of the columnar cage body 1, a plurality of liquid inlets 3 are formed in the cylindrical surface and the bottom surface of the columnar cage body 1, and tinfoil is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom surface of the columnar cage body 1;
c. putting a deoxidizing agent into the reaction cage, slowly feeding the reaction cage into the middle part of a salt bath of a high-temperature salt bath furnace for reaction, taking out the reaction cage after the reaction is finished, uniformly stirring the reaction cage by using a stainless steel bar, putting an equivalent amount of deoxidizing agent into the reaction cage again, immersing the reaction cage into the salt bath for reaction, and finishing the deoxidation of the high-temperature salt bath furnace, wherein the mass sum of the deoxidizing agents added twice is 4% of the mass of industrial barium chloride;
d. after the floating precipitate generated after deoxidation is slagging, removing the slag by dragging the slag to regenerate the salt bath in the high-temperature salt bath furnace;
e. and c, repeating the step c every eight hours on the basis of continuous operation of the high-temperature salt bath furnace.
The salt bath after deoxidation has brighter brightness and better fluidity.
Example 3
A deoxidizer for a high-temperature salt bath furnace is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 59 parts of titanium dioxide; and 41 parts of silica gel.
A deoxidation method of a high-temperature salt bath furnace deoxidizer comprises the following steps:
a. heating a high-temperature salt bath furnace to 1290 ℃;
b. the reaction cage is made of stainless steel and comprises a columnar cage body 1, a lifting handle 2 is arranged at the upper end of the columnar cage body 1, a plurality of liquid inlets 3 are formed in the cylindrical surface and the bottom surface of the columnar cage body 1, and tinfoil is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom surface of the columnar cage body 1;
c. putting a deoxidizing agent into the reaction cage, slowly feeding the reaction cage into the middle part of a salt bath of a high-temperature salt bath furnace for reaction, taking out the reaction cage after the reaction is finished, uniformly stirring the reaction cage by using a stainless steel bar, putting an equivalent amount of deoxidizing agent into the reaction cage again, immersing the reaction cage into the salt bath for reaction, and finishing the deoxidation of the high-temperature salt bath furnace, wherein the mass sum of the deoxidizing agents added twice is 2% of the mass of industrial barium chloride;
d. after the floating precipitate generated after deoxidation is slagging, removing the slag by dragging the slag to regenerate the salt bath in the high-temperature salt bath furnace;
e. and c, repeating the step c every eight hours on the basis of continuous operation of the high-temperature salt bath furnace.
The salt bath after deoxidation has darker brightness and general fluidity.
Example 4
A deoxidizer for a high-temperature salt bath furnace is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of titanium dioxide; and 40 parts of silica gel.
A deoxidation method of a high-temperature salt bath furnace deoxidizer comprises the following steps:
a. heating a high-temperature salt bath furnace to 1294 ℃;
b. the reaction cage is made of stainless steel and comprises a columnar cage body 1, a lifting handle 2 is arranged at the upper end of the columnar cage body 1, a plurality of liquid inlets 3 are formed in the cylindrical surface and the bottom surface of the columnar cage body 1, and tinfoil is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom surface of the columnar cage body 1;
c. putting a deoxidizing agent into the reaction cage, slowly feeding the reaction cage into the middle part of a salt bath of a high-temperature salt bath furnace for reaction, taking out the reaction cage after the reaction is finished, uniformly stirring the reaction cage by using a stainless steel bar, putting an equivalent amount of deoxidizing agent into the reaction cage again, immersing the reaction cage into the salt bath for reaction, and finishing the deoxidation of the high-temperature salt bath furnace, wherein the mass sum of the deoxidizing agents added twice is 2% of the mass of industrial barium chloride;
d. after the floating precipitate generated after deoxidation is slagging, removing the slag by dragging the slag to regenerate the salt bath in the high-temperature salt bath furnace;
e. and c, repeating the step c every eight hours on the basis of continuous operation of the high-temperature salt bath furnace.
The salt bath after deoxidation has dark brightness and poor fluidity.
In the specific implementation process, titanium dioxide with the standard of GB1706-2005 is adopted; the standard of the silica gel is HG/T2765.2-2005, first-class product; the titanium dioxide and the silica gel must be thoroughly dried before being added.
After the deoxidizer is added into the salt bath, the deoxidizer and the salt bath produce a large amount of gas and smoke due to chemical reaction, and a small amount of sparks exist, at the moment, the salt bath is in a rolling state, and the salt bath rolls for about 3-5 min; if too much deoxidizing agent is added, the molten salt can overflow or splash; therefore, during deoxidation, the molten salt liquid level should be 200-300mm lower than the furnace mouth, and the addition is divided into two times, and safety protection measures should be taken during operation.
Claims (2)
1. A deoxidizer for a high-temperature salt bath furnace is characterized in that: the composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 59-67 parts of titanium dioxide; 33-41 parts of silica gel.
2. The method for deoxidizing agent for use in salt bath furnace of high temperature according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
a. heating the high-temperature salt bath furnace to 1290-1310 ℃;
b. the reaction cage is made of stainless steel and comprises a columnar cage body (1), a lifting handle (2) is arranged at the upper end of the columnar cage body (1), a plurality of liquid inlets (3) are formed in the cylindrical surface and the bottom surface of the columnar cage body (1), and tinfoil is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom surface of the columnar cage body (1);
c. putting a deoxidizing agent into the reaction cage, slowly feeding the reaction cage into the middle part of a salt bath of a high-temperature salt bath furnace for reaction, taking out the reaction cage after the reaction is finished, uniformly stirring the reaction cage by using a stainless steel bar, putting an equivalent amount of deoxidizing agent into the reaction cage again, immersing the reaction cage into the salt bath for reaction, and finishing the deoxidation of the high-temperature salt bath furnace, wherein the mass sum of the deoxidizing agents added twice is 2-4% of the mass of industrial barium chloride;
d. after the floating precipitate generated after deoxidation is slagging, removing the slag by dragging the slag to regenerate the salt bath in the high-temperature salt bath furnace;
e. and c, repeating the step c every eight hours on the basis of continuous operation of the high-temperature salt bath furnace.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85100155A (en) * | 1985-04-02 | 1986-10-01 | 山东工业大学 | The salt bath furnace salt of anti-oxidation decarburizing |
| US20090084472A1 (en) * | 2003-08-04 | 2009-04-02 | General Electric Company | Organic coating compositions for aluminizing metal substrates, and related methods and articles |
| CN101435011A (en) * | 2007-11-13 | 2009-05-20 | 吴江市天地人真空炉业有限公司 | Electrode salt bath furnace |
| CN105695688A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-22 | 重庆基石机械有限公司 | Operating process of salt bath furnace |
| CN106521401A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-03-22 | 南京科润新材料技术有限公司 | Anti-carburizing paint special for finish machining parts and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-01-17 CN CN202010053874.9A patent/CN111041167A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85100155A (en) * | 1985-04-02 | 1986-10-01 | 山东工业大学 | The salt bath furnace salt of anti-oxidation decarburizing |
| US20090084472A1 (en) * | 2003-08-04 | 2009-04-02 | General Electric Company | Organic coating compositions for aluminizing metal substrates, and related methods and articles |
| CN101435011A (en) * | 2007-11-13 | 2009-05-20 | 吴江市天地人真空炉业有限公司 | Electrode salt bath furnace |
| CN105695688A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-22 | 重庆基石机械有限公司 | Operating process of salt bath furnace |
| CN106521401A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-03-22 | 南京科润新材料技术有限公司 | Anti-carburizing paint special for finish machining parts and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 《热处理手册》编委会: "《热处理手册 第3分册》", 31 December 1982 * |
| 蔡红: "《实用钢铁热处理手册》", 31 March 1998 * |
| 西北工业大学等二十三所高等院校《热处理化学》编写组: "《热处理化学》", 28 February 1982 * |
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