CN111030296A - Intelligent substation network topology step-by-step sniffing method based on LLDP protocol - Google Patents
Intelligent substation network topology step-by-step sniffing method based on LLDP protocol Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/12—Discovery or management of network topologies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/16—Electric power substations
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent substation network topology step-by-step sniffing method based on an LLDP protocol, wherein a switch transmits detected primary neighbor topology information to a primary neighbor and receives neighbor topology information diffused by the primary neighbor by expanding the LLDP protocol so as to update a local network topology which can be detected by the switch, and then the local network topology which is detected by the switch is continuously diffused to the primary neighbor by expanding the LLDP protocol, and so on until the acquired primary neighbor topology information is not updated any more. Finally, each switch in the intelligent substation network can obtain the topology information of the whole substation network and the position of the switch in the intelligent substation network. The method provides an effective operation and maintenance means for dynamic network topology detection of the intelligent substation, network fault positioning by taking the switch as an interface and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to an intelligent substation network topology step-by-step sniffing method based on an LLDP protocol, and belongs to the technical field of power system automation.
Background
The intelligent substation communication network is the key for transmitting and exchanging substation control layer, bay layer and process layer data of the substation. The currently common intelligent substation can rely on a link layer discovery protocol (LLDP protocol) in the aspect of dynamic network topology information collection. The link layer discovery protocol is a common protocol for detecting network neighbor information, can only detect network equipment directly connected with the link layer discovery protocol, and cannot sense the whole network topology without the cooperation of a network management tool. Therefore, for the intelligent substation, an effective operation and maintenance means is lacked when the faults such as network wiring errors and flow burst node positioning are checked only by means of a traditional link layer discovery protocol.
The noun explains:
LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol), a two-Layer Protocol, allows a network device to advertise its own device identity and capabilities in a local subnet. The information such as the main capability, the management address, the equipment identifier, the interface identifier and the like of the local terminal equipment can be issued to the neighbors directly connected with the local terminal equipment.
TLV (Type, Length, Value), which is a common encoding format in a network communication message, wherein Type represents the Type of the TLV field, Length represents the Length of Value in the TLV field, and Value is the specific content of the TLV field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a step-by-step sniffing method for the network topology of an intelligent substation based on an LLDP protocol, and solves the problem that the current intelligent substation is lack of a dynamic detection means for the network topology of the whole substation.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a stage-by-stage sniffing method for an intelligent substation network topology based on an LLDP protocol, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
each switch detects primary neighbor information directly connected to the switch through an LLDP protocol to form a local network topology directly connected with the switch;
each switch spreads local network topology to neighbor switches by expanding LLDP protocol, and each switch receives the local network topology sent by the neighbor switches, and the process is called sniffing process;
if the local network topology sent by the neighbor switch is updated, the local network topology is arranged in the local network topology of the neighbor switch to form a new local network topology, the next-stage sniffing process is repeated until the local network topology sent by all the neighbor switches is not updated, the topology associated with the switch is detected completely, and the total-station network topology is obtained.
Further, the extended LLDP protocol includes:
in the LLDPDU field of the LLDP packet, the TLV field content whose Type is the reserved sequence number is defined as the connection relationship between a pair of adjacent nodes A, B, which specifically includes but is not limited to:
Naname: the name of node a or other network unique identifier;
Natype: the type of node A;
Nalink Port: port numbers of the node A and the node B;
Nbname: the name of the node B or other network unique identifier;
Nbtype: the type of the node B;
Nblink Port: port numbers of the node B and the node A;
tolal Num: the total physical connection item number of the local topology information sent to a certain neighbor at this time;
sequence Num: the physical connection item sequence number of the local topology information sent to a certain neighbor at this time.
Further, the physical connection entry sequence number is incremented from 1.
Further, when each switch diffuses the local network topology to the neighbor switch by extending the LLDP protocol, the diffused local network topology information does not include the topology information detected by the neighbor.
Furthermore, when each switch receives the local network topology sent by the neighbor switch, whether the received information is complete or not is judged according to the total number of physical connection entries and the entry sequence number in the extended LLDP protocol.
Further, the determining whether the received information is complete according to the total number of physical connection entries and the entry sequence number in the extended LLDP protocol includes:
if the serial number of the physical connection item is gradually increased until the serial number is equal to the total number of the physical connection items, the information is completely received;
if the serial number of the physical connection item is missing, the message is lost, and the information receiving is invalid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, by expanding the LLDP protocol and using a step-by-step sniffing mode, the function that any switch can dynamically detect the whole network topology in the intelligent substation communication network is realized, the problem that the current intelligent substation is lack of a dynamic network topology detection mode is solved, and an effective operation and maintenance means is provided for the problems of network wiring fault detection and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of LLDP service flows and sniffing results when the switch performs primary sniffing of network topology;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of LLDP service flows and sniffing results when the switch performs the second-level sniffing of the network topology;
fig. 4 is a field explanatory diagram of an extended LLDP protocol.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The invention discloses an intelligent substation network topology step-by-step sniffing method based on an LLDP protocol, which is used for acquiring the whole network topology information step by step through expanding the LLDP protocol for any switch in an intelligent substation communication network, and the specific flow is as shown in figure 1, and the steps are as follows:
step 1, each switch detects primary neighbor information directly connected to itself through an LLDP protocol and forms a primary local network topology directly connected to itself.
Taking a network topology composed of three switches and related terminal devices as an example, as shown in fig. 2. The switch is represented by SW, intelligent substation network terminal equipment (such as a measurement and control device, a protection device and the like) which does not support the LLDP protocol is represented by T, and the port number is represented by p. The primary local network topology available to each switch according to the standard LLDP protocol traffic flow is shown in table 1:
table 1 Primary network topology probing results
And 2, diffusing the primary local network topology detected by the switch to the primary neighbor by the switch through an extended LLDP protocol. When the switch diffuses the primary local network topology detected by the switch towards the neighbor, the diffused topology information does not contain the topology information detected by the neighbor, so that the number of communication messages is reduced, and infinite iteration is prevented.
As shown in fig. 4, in the LLDPDU field of the LLDP message, TLV (Type identifier, Length, Value) field contents whose types are reserved sequence numbers (arbitrarily selected from 9 to 126) are defined as a connection relationship between a pair of adjacent nodes A, B (which are not distinguished from each other, but are distinguished from each other). Specifically, the method includes but is not limited to:
Naname: the name of node a or other network unique identifier;
Natype: type of node a (switch/non-switch);
Nalink Port: port numbers of the node A and the node B;
Nbname: the name of the node B or other network unique identifier;
Nbtype: type of node B (switch/non-switch);
Nblink Port: port numbers of the node B and the node A;
tolal Num: the total number of physical connection items of the local topology information sent to a certain neighbor this time is also the total number N of the extended LLDP messages of the local topology information sent to the certain neighbor this time;
sequence Num: the sequence number of the physical connection entry of the local topology information sent to a certain neighbor this time is the sequence number (1, 2, … …, N) of the extended LLDP packet of the local topology information sent to a certain neighbor.
As can be seen from table 1 of the primary neighbor detection result obtained in step 1, according to the network topology shown in fig. 2, the primary network topology directly connected to itself and directly detected by the switch SW1 includes three devices, which are a switch SW2 supporting LLDP protocol (capable of detecting a peer connection port through LLDP protocol) and terminal devices T1 and T2 not supporting LLDP protocol. However, only SW2 supports the LLDP protocol, so the switch should diffuse its own primary network topology information to switch SW2 supporting the LLDP protocol, and there are three messages, which respectively describe the terminal device T1 connected to its port p5, the terminal device T2 connected to its port p6, and the switch SW2 connected to its port p21 (the opposite port is p 22).
Similarly, switch SW2 floods information to SW1 and SW3, switch SW3 floods information to switch SW2, and the extended LLDP information that each switch floods to a neighbor device is shown in table 2.
Table 2 extended LLDP information propagated to neighbor devices after primary probing by switch
Step 3, each switch obtains the primary local topology information of the neighbor switch by analyzing the received extended LLDP protocol message; this is the primary sniffing process;
if the local topology of the neighbor switch is updated, the information is sorted to the local and stored as a new local topology, and the topology is diffused to other neighbors through an extended LLDP protocol to enter the next-stage sniffing process; when a new local network topology is diffused to neighbors, the same topology information is prevented from being transmitted back to the neighbors of the network topology information source, so that the number of communication messages is reduced, and infinite iteration is prevented.
The switch receives the local topology information sent by the primary neighbor switch, and whether the information reception is complete or not is judged according to the total number of the physical connection entries and the entry sequence numbers of the local topology information in the LLDP protocol extension:
if the Sequence Num of the physical connection item of the local topology information in the message is gradually increased until the Sequence Num is equal to the total number of the physical connection items (Tolal Num), the message is completely received, and the message can be compared with the local network topology stored locally to judge whether the neighbor information is updated;
if the sequence number of the physical connection item of the local topology information in the message is missing, the message is lost, and the information receiving is invalid.
As shown in fig. 3, after receiving the extended LLDP neighbor information, each switch obtains the second-level local topology information, and the local network topology sorted to the local is shown in table 3.
Table 3 second level network topology detection results
At this time, the local network topologies acquired by the three switches are all updated. Since the local network topology information of switch SW1 comes entirely from switch SW2, except for direct probing, and no other switches can flood the information, the local topology information sent by switch SW1 to switch SW2 is unchanged (only the directly probed topology information is sent to SW 2). Switch SW3 is similar to SW1 in that the local topology information sent to switch SW2, which is the only flooding information, remains unchanged. The neighbor network topology information collected by the switch SW2 comes from the switches SW1 and SW3, respectively, and it is necessary to transmit the topology information acquired from SW1 to SW3 and transmit the topology information acquired from SW3 to SW 1. Therefore, the information sent out by the extended LLDP protocol after the three switches have stored the local network topology update is shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 extended LLDP information propagated to neighbor devices after switch second level probing
SW1(SW3) in Table 4 is completely consistent with that in Table 2 because:
1. the neighbor supporting LLDP protocol connected to SW1(SW3) has only SW2, and thus can only disseminate information to SW 2;
2. after the second level probing, the SW1(SW3) stores local topology information (see table 3), except that the topology information from SW2, only 3 pieces (2 pieces) are from direct probing, and the topology information from SW2 is not returned to SW2 any more, so as to reduce the number of communication messages and prevent infinite iteration. Therefore, only topology information consistent with the contents of table 2 is sent to SW 2.
The LLDP protocol can only be transmitted in neighboring devices, and the topology information related to SW1 is transmitted from SW2 to SW3, which is why the information sent by SW2 to SW3 in table 4 is changed.
And 4, each switch obtains the topology information of the new neighbor switch by analyzing the received extended LLDP protocol message. If the topology of the new neighbor switch is updated, the information is sorted to the local and stored as a new local topology. And the topology is diffused to other neighbors through the extended LLDP protocol, and the next stage of sniffing process is entered.
If the topology information sent by all neighbors is not updated (the total number Tolal Num of the extended LLDP messages sent by the neighbor switches and the description contents of the messages are not updated), it is indicated that the total-station network topology is detected, the total-station network topology is stored in the switch for receiving the information, and the position of the switch in the total-station network topology is determined. The judgment basis that all the neighbor topology information is not updated is that the topology information transmitted by all the neighbor information is kept for three times or more and is not changed.
In this embodiment, after receiving the updated neighbor information sent by the switch SW2, the switches SW1 and SW3 obtain the third-level local topology information, and the local network topology sorted to the local is shown in table 5.
Table 5 third level network topology detection results
In this embodiment, all the neighbor topology information (from the switches SW1 and SW3) received by the switch SW2 is not updated (as shown in tables 2 and 4), so the topology acquired by the switch SW2 shown in table 3 is the full-network topology; the neighbor topology information received by the switches SW1 and SW3 is changed (see tables 2 and 4), so the switches SW1 and SW3 enter the next stage of network topology sniffing process.
In the process of entering the fourth-level sniffing, the neighbor information sent by SW2 and received by SW1 and SW3 is not changed (is consistent with table 3), so the fourth-level network topology detection results of SW1 and SW3 are consistent with table 5, and at this time, it can be determined that the topology locally stored in SW1 and SW3 is the full-network topology.
Therefore, in the example, all the switches acquire the whole network topology, and when any one switch is accessed, the whole network topology can be acquired through the network management tool, and the position of the switch in the network is determined. The network management tool is a network management tool in the general sense in the prior art, and can be a WEB webpage, an SNMP client or other tools capable of reading switch information.
According to the invention, by expanding the LLDP protocol and using a step-by-step sniffing mode, the function that any switch can dynamically detect the whole network topology in the intelligent substation communication network is realized, the problem that the current intelligent substation is lack of a dynamic network topology detection mode is solved, and an effective operation and maintenance means is provided for the problems of network wiring fault detection and the like.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An intelligent substation network topology step-by-step sniffing method based on an LLDP protocol is characterized by comprising the following processes:
each switch detects primary neighbor information directly connected to the switch through an LLDP protocol to form a local network topology directly connected with the switch;
each switch spreads local network topology to neighbor switches by expanding LLDP protocol, and each switch receives the local network topology sent by the neighbor switches, and the process is called sniffing process;
if the local network topology sent by the neighbor switch is updated, the local network topology is arranged in the local network topology of the neighbor switch to form a new local network topology, and the last step of sniffing process is repeated until the local network topology sent by all the neighbor switches is not updated any more, so that the total-station network topology is obtained.
2. The LLDP protocol-based intelligent substation network topology progressive sniffing method according to claim 1, characterized in that said extended LLDP protocol comprises:
in the LLDPDU field of the LLDP packet, the TLV field content whose Type is the reserved sequence number is defined as the connection relationship between a pair of adjacent nodes A, B, which specifically includes but is not limited to:
Naname: the name of node a or other network unique identifier;
Natype: the type of node A;
Nalink Port: port numbers of the node A and the node B;
Nbname: the name of the node B or other network unique identifier;
Nbtype: the type of the node B;
Nblink Port: port numbers of the node B and the node A;
tolal Num: the total physical connection item number of the local topology information sent to a certain neighbor at this time;
sequence Num: the physical connection item sequence number of the local topology information sent to a certain neighbor at this time.
3. The LLDP protocol-based intelligent substation network topology progressive sniffing method according to claim 2, characterized in that the physical connection entry sequence number is incremented from 1.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein when each switch diffuses a local network topology to a neighbor switch by extending the LLDP protocol, the diffused local network topology information does not include topology information detected by the neighbor.
5. The intelligent substation network topology step-by-step sniffing method based on the LLDP protocol as claimed in claim 2, wherein when each switch receives the local network topology sent by the neighbor switch, it determines whether the received information is complete according to the total number of physical connection entries and the entry sequence number in the extended LLDP protocol.
6. The intelligent substation network topology step-by-step sniffing method based on the LLDP protocol as claimed in claim 5, wherein said determining whether the received information is complete according to the total number of physical connection entries and the entry sequence number in the extended LLDP protocol comprises:
if the serial number of the physical connection item is gradually increased until the serial number is equal to the total number of the physical connection items, the information is completely received;
if the serial number of the physical connection item is missing, the message is lost, and the information receiving is invalid.
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