CN111029768A - Broadband dual-polarization radiating unit and large-scale array antenna - Google Patents
Broadband dual-polarization radiating unit and large-scale array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN111029768A CN111029768A CN202010023086.5A CN202010023086A CN111029768A CN 111029768 A CN111029768 A CN 111029768A CN 202010023086 A CN202010023086 A CN 202010023086A CN 111029768 A CN111029768 A CN 111029768A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/526—Electromagnetic shields
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband dual-polarized radiation unit, which comprises a vibrator plate and a balun bracket, wherein the vibrator plate is arranged on the balun bracket; two pairs of radiation vibrators of the vibrator plate are mutually orthogonal to form a symmetrical radiation combination; the adjacent radiation oscillators are connected through a connecting arm at the tail end to form a loop; the loop surrounds adjacent radiating elements to form a first notch structure. According to the radiation unit, the radiation oscillators and the adjacent radiation oscillators form a loop to release the residual current at the tail end, so that the generation of residual electromagnetic waves is reduced; meanwhile, the loop surrounds the adjacent radiating oscillators to form a first notch structure, so that some out-of-band interference frequencies can be filtered, the oscillators have better filtering characteristics, and the in-band performance is better; the method has the characteristics of easy integration, good process consistency and good maintainability. In addition, the invention also discloses a large-scale array antenna comprising a plurality of the radiating units.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to a broadband dual-polarized radiation unit and a large-scale array antenna.
Background
Massive antenna array Massive MIMO is considered as one of 5G core technologies. Dozens of to thousands of antenna units are built in the large-scale antenna array, a plurality of users can be served on the same time-frequency resource by using the space division multiple access technology SDMA, and the total spectrum efficiency of a cell and the frequency efficiency of edge users are greatly improved by using the array gain and the interference suppression gain brought by the large-scale antenna array.
Specifically, when a large-scale array antenna is realized, in order to meet the design requirements of high integration level, expandability and maintainability, a modular design concept is adopted for the antenna, the antenna units are divided into a plurality of antenna sub-arrays, and each antenna sub-array consists of one to a plurality of antenna units and a feed network. Each antenna sub-array needs to be replaced easily.
At present, units widely used for base station antennas are divided into a sheet metal process, a die-casting aluminum process, a PCB process and the like in terms of processes. In the conventional base station antenna, the assembly process of the unit of the sheet metal process introduces more uncertainties, and the mass use of the unit is limited. The unit of the die-casting aluminum process is widely used due to good unit consistency, higher gain and good matching characteristic with the coaxial cable;
however, in the large-scale array antenna, because the large-scale array antenna needs a plurality of soldering processes, particularly manual soldering, good consistency is difficult to achieve due to temperature, tin feeding amount, tin feeding time, soldering time, cooling time and the like, so that the consistency is poor, the production cost is high, and the performance of the large-scale array antenna faces challenges.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present application provides a broadband dual-polarized radiation unit, wherein two adjacent radiation oscillators are connected by a connecting arm at an end, so that a residual current at the end of a radiation oscillator and the adjacent radiation oscillator form a loop and are released, thereby reducing the generation of residual electromagnetic waves and improving polarization purity; meanwhile, the first notch structure formed by surrounding the adjacent radiation oscillators by the loop can filter out some out-of-band interference frequencies, so that the oscillators have better filtering characteristics and in-band performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a broadband dual-polarized radiation unit comprises a vibrator plate and a balun bracket;
two pairs of radiation vibrators of the vibrator plate are mutually orthogonal to form a symmetrical radiation combination;
the radiation oscillator comprises a main body structure and an oscillator arm positioned at the tail end of the main body structure, wherein the oscillator arm is far away from the center of the oscillator plate and is divided into two connecting arms;
adjacent radiation oscillators, and adjacent connecting arms of the adjacent radiation oscillators are connected to form a loop; the loop surrounds adjacent radiating elements to form a first notch structure.
The oscillator board and the balun bracket are both manufactured by a PCB process, are used in a 5G large-scale array antenna, and have the characteristics of easiness in integration, good process consistency and good maintainability; two adjacent radiation oscillators are connected through a connecting arm at the tail end, so that residual current at the tail end of each radiation oscillator and the adjacent radiation oscillators form a loop and are released, the generation of residual electromagnetic waves is reduced, and the polarization purity is improved; meanwhile, the first notch structure formed by surrounding the adjacent radiation oscillators by the loop can filter out some out-of-band interference frequencies, so that the oscillators have better filtering characteristics and in-band performance.
As an embodiment of the broadband dual-polarized radiating element provided by the invention, gaps are formed between adjacent radiating oscillators, and a tooth-shaped notch structure is formed at the gaps. The dentate notch structure can reduce the correlation among the radiating units and further improve the isolation.
As an embodiment of the broadband dual-polarized radiation unit provided by the invention, the main structure of the radiation oscillator is provided with a hollow hole; and the gap between the two connecting arms is communicated with the hollow hole. The radiation oscillator is of a hollow structure, and the effective length of the oscillator arm is lengthened through hollowing.
As an embodiment of the broadband dual-polarized radiation unit provided by the invention, the oscillator board and the balun bracket are both manufactured by a PCB process.
As an embodiment of the broadband dual-polarized radiating element provided by the present invention, the balun bracket includes two balun plates; the balun plate is provided with a microstrip line and a balun which are manufactured by a printed board process; the microstrip line and the balun of the balun plate are connected with the radiation oscillator of the oscillator plate.
As an embodiment of the broadband dual-polarized radiation unit provided by the invention, a mounting hole is formed in the radiation oscillator, a boss is arranged at the end of the balun plate, and the boss of the balun plate penetrates through the mounting hole; the microstrip line of the balun plate and the balun are connected with the radiation oscillator through a welding process.
As an embodiment of the broadband dual-polarized radiating element provided by the present invention, the length L of the balun plate is between 1/6 and 1/3 operating wavelengths.
As an implementation scheme of the broadband dual-polarized radiation unit provided by the invention, the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line is 30-200 omega.
As an implementation scheme of the broadband dual-polarized radiation unit provided by the invention, the distance between the microstrip line and the balun is 6-13 mm, and the width of the transmission microstrip line is equal to that of the balun.
The application also provides a large-scale array antenna which comprises a plurality of broadband dual-polarized radiation units.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the broadband dual-polarized radiation unit provided by the embodiment of the invention, two adjacent radiation oscillators are connected through the connecting arm at the tail end, so that the residual current at the tail end of each radiation oscillator and the adjacent radiation oscillators form a loop and are released, the generation of residual electromagnetic waves is reduced, and the polarization purity is improved; meanwhile, the loop surrounds the adjacent radiating oscillators to form a first notch structure, so that some out-of-band interference frequencies can be filtered, the oscillators have better filtering characteristics, and the in-band performance is better; the oscillator plate and the balun bracket are both manufactured by a PCB process, are used in a 5G large-scale array antenna, and have the characteristics of easiness in integration, good process consistency and good maintainability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a broadband dual-polarized radiating element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a dipole plate of a broadband dual-polarized radiating element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a perspective view of a balun bracket of a broadband dual-polarized radiating element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the balun brackets of the broadband dual-polarized radiating element according to the embodiment of the present invention, which are laid together after explosion.
The attached drawings are marked as follows:
101-oscillator plate, 102-balun bracket, 103-radiation oscillator, 104-hollowed hole, 105-first notch structure, 106-gap, 107-tooth notch structure, 108-A balun plate, 109-B balun plate, 110-microstrip line, 111-balun line, 112-opening, 131-main body structure, 132-connecting arm, 133-strip structure, 134-mounting hole and 181-boss.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a broadband dual-polarized radiation unit, which includes a vibrator plate 101 and a balun bracket 102.
The oscillator plate 101 comprises two pairs of radiation oscillators 103, the two pairs of radiation oscillators 103 are coplanar and uniformly distributed around the center of the oscillator plate 101, and two pairs of radiation oscillators are mutually orthogonal to form a symmetrical radiation combination.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the radiating element 103 includes a main structure 131. The radiating element 103 has an element arm located at the end of the body structure 131 and connected to the body structure 131, away from the centre of the element plate 101. Wherein the dipole arm is split into two connecting arms 132. The adjacent radiation oscillators 103 have a connecting arm 132 adjacent to each other, and the adjacent connecting arms 132 are connected to each other to form a loop. The adjacent connecting arms 132 are connected to form a loop through the strip-shaped structures 133 between the adjacent radiating oscillators. The loop surrounds two adjacent radiating elements to form a first notch structure 105. Specifically, the first notch structure 105 is formed by being surrounded by the body structures 131 of the adjacent two radiation elements 103, the connection arm 132, and the bar-shaped structure 133 therebetween.
It will be appreciated that the strip-shaped structure may also be formed by extending the connecting arms 132, with the direct connection between adjacent connecting arms 132 forming a loop.
In the conventional radiation unit, the ends of two adjacent radiation oscillators 103 are not connected. The terminal residual current needs to be looped through and released from the ground residual electromagnetic waves, which cause the problem of polarization purity reduction. In the radiation unit of this embodiment, two adjacent radiation oscillators 103 are connected by the connecting arm 132 at the end, so that the residual current at the end of the radiation oscillator and the adjacent oscillator form a loop and are released, thereby reducing the generation of residual electromagnetic waves and improving the polarization purity.
The first notch structure 105 can filter out some out-of-band interference frequencies, so that the oscillator has a better filtering characteristic, and the in-band performance is better (such as standing wave characteristic, isolation characteristic, etc.).
The main structure 131 of the radiating oscillator 103 is provided with a hollow hole 104, so that the oscillator is a hollow structure, and the effective length of the oscillator arm is lengthened through hollowing. The dipole arm of the radiating dipole 103 is split into two connecting arms 132, with a gap between the two connecting arms 132; the gap between the two connecting arms 132 communicates with the bore 104.
There is a gap 106 between adjacent radiating elements 103, and preferably, the radiating elements 103 have a tooth-like structure at the gap, and a tooth-like notch structure 107 is formed between the tooth-like structures of the adjacent radiating elements 103. The notched tooth 107 and the first notch 105 act together to reduce the correlation between the radiating elements and further improve the isolation.
Further, the oscillator board 101 and the balun bracket 102 of the present application are both manufactured by a PCB process. The radiating unit manufactured by the PCB process is used in a 5G large-scale array antenna due to the advantages of extremely high processing technology, easiness in integration with the PCB and the like. The oscillator plate 101 is manufactured with special metal patterns on a double-sided copper-clad plate to form a dual-polarized planar radiation oscillator.
The balun bracket 102 of the present application may comprise two independent support structures as shown in prior art CN 202839949U.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the balun bracket 102 of the present application is formed by cross-splicing two balun plates, including an a balun plate 108 and a B balun plate 109. The a balun plate 108 and the B balun plate 109 are both made by a PCB process, and are double-sided printed circuit boards. Each balun plate is provided with a microstrip line 110 and a balun line 111 (ground line) by a printed board process. The a balun plate 108 and the B balun plate 109 are used as a current balance transformation mechanism, and the radiation unit is electrically connected with the feed network through a microstrip line 110 and a balun line 111.
The balun plate a 108 is provided with a first opening 112, and the balun plate B109 is provided with a second opening 112. The first opening 112 faces downward, the second opening 112 faces upward, and the first opening 112 and the second opening 112 cooperate with each other to splice the a balun plate 108 and the B balun plate 109 into a cross shape.
In a preferred embodiment, the length L of the a balun plate 108 and the B balun plate 109 is between 1/6 and 1/3 operating wavelengths.
Alternatively, different from the cross-spliced balun bracket 102, the balun bracket 102 may also be formed by integrally molding the balun plate substrate into a cross shape by using an injection molding process, and then manufacturing the corresponding circuit by using a chemical plating method.
The oscillator plate 101 is provided with a mounting hole 134, the mounting hole 134 can be arranged at each radiation oscillator 103, the a balun plate 108 and the B balun plate 109 are provided with a boss 181 at the end position close to the oscillator plate, and the boss 181 is matched with the mounting hole 134. The boss 181 of the balun plate passes through the mounting hole 134 of the oscillator plate 101, and the microstrip line 110 and the balun line 111 are connected with the radiation oscillator 103 of the oscillator plate 101 through a welding process. The A balun plate 108 and the B balun plate 109 are spliced in a crossed manner, vertically penetrate through the oscillator plate 101, and are respectively connected with a polarized radiation oscillator 103.
In the embodiment of the invention, the distance between the transmission microstrip line 110 and the balun line 111 is 6-13 mm. The characteristic impedance of the microstrip line 110 of the balun plate is 30-200 omega, and the width of the microstrip transmission line 110 is equal to that of the balun line 111. The transmission microstrip line 110 of the a balun plate 108 in fig. 4 is hidden on the other side, and therefore is not shown.
The broadband dual-polarized radiation unit provided by the embodiment of the invention is a broadband high-gain dual-polarized radiation unit.
In a specific embodiment, by using the radiation unit for the 5G large-scale array antenna developed by the present invention, the size of the dipole plate 101 is 57mm × 57mm, the length L of the balun plate 9 is 29mm, the operating frequency band is within a range of 1710-2170 MHz, the standing-wave ratio is less than 1.5, and the unit gain is greater than 9 dBi.
In another embodiment, the size of the dipole plate 101 is 40mm x 40mm, the length L of the balun plate 9 is 25mm, the operating frequency band is in the range of 2500-2600/3500-3600 MHz, the standing-wave ratio is less than 1.5, and the unit gain is greater than 7.5dBi and 9 dBi.
The broadband dual-polarized radiation unit provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
two adjacent radiation oscillators are connected through a connecting arm 132 at the tail end, so that residual current at the tail end of each radiation oscillator and the adjacent radiation oscillators form a loop and are released, the generation of residual electromagnetic waves is reduced, and the polarization purity is improved; meanwhile, the loop surrounds the adjacent radiating oscillators to form a first notch structure, so that some out-of-band interference frequencies can be filtered, the oscillators have better filtering characteristics, and the in-band performance is better; the oscillator plate and the balun bracket are both manufactured by a PCB process, are used in a 5G large-scale array antenna, and have the characteristics of easiness in integration, good process consistency and good maintainability.
Besides, the embodiment of the invention also provides a large-scale array antenna, which comprises a plurality of broadband dual-polarized radiation units.
The large-scale array antenna is particularly suitable for a wide frequency band of 2.5 GHz-3.6 GHz of a 5G mobile communication frequency band, and has the characteristics of high gain, dual polarization, high integration and good maintainability.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments of the present application. This application is capable of embodiments in many different forms and is provided for the purpose of enabling a thorough understanding of the disclosure of the application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without modification or with equivalents of some of the features described in the foregoing embodiments. All equivalent structures made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present application are directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields and are within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A broadband dual-polarized radiation unit comprises a vibrator plate and a balun bracket; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
two pairs of radiation vibrators of the vibrator plate are mutually orthogonal to form a symmetrical radiation combination;
the radiation oscillator comprises a main body structure and an oscillator arm positioned at the tail end of the main body structure, and the oscillator arm is split into two connecting arms;
adjacent radiation oscillators, and adjacent connecting arms of the adjacent radiation oscillators are connected to form a loop; the loop surrounds adjacent radiating elements to form a first notch structure.
2. A broadband dual polarized radiating element according to claim 1, wherein there are gaps between adjacent radiating elements, and a tooth-like notch structure is formed at the gaps.
3. A broadband dual polarized radiating element according to claim 1, wherein the main structure of the radiating element has a hollowed hole; and the gap between the two connecting arms is communicated with the hollow hole.
4. The broadband dual polarized radiating element according to claim 1, wherein the oscillator plate and the balun bracket are both fabricated by a PCB process.
5. A broadband dual polarized radiating element according to claim 1, wherein the balun support comprises two sheets of balun plates; the balun plate is provided with a microstrip line and a balun which are manufactured by a printed board process; the microstrip line and the balun of the balun plate are connected with the radiation oscillator of the oscillator plate.
6. The broadband dual-polarized radiation unit according to claim 5, wherein the radiation oscillator is provided with a mounting hole, a boss is arranged at the end of the balun plate, and the boss of the balun plate passes through the mounting hole; the microstrip line of the balun plate and the balun are connected with the radiation oscillator through a welding process.
7. A broadband dual polarized radiating element according to claim 5, wherein the length L of the balun plates is between 1/6 and 1/3 operating wavelengths.
8. The broadband dual-polarized radiating element according to claim 5, wherein the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line is 30 Ω -200 Ω.
9. The broadband dual-polarized radiation unit according to claim 5, wherein the distance between the microstrip line and the balun is 6-13 mm, and the width of the transmission microstrip line 10 is equal to that of the balun 11.
10. A large-scale array antenna comprising a plurality of wideband dual polarized radiating elements as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202010023086.5A CN111029768A (en) | 2020-01-09 | 2020-01-09 | Broadband dual-polarization radiating unit and large-scale array antenna |
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| CN202010023086.5A CN111029768A (en) | 2020-01-09 | 2020-01-09 | Broadband dual-polarization radiating unit and large-scale array antenna |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN111525234A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-08-11 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Dual-polarized antenna and customer front-end equipment |
| CN116487885A (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-07-25 | 西南科技大学 | Double-notch dual-polarized base station antenna with composite structure |
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| CN209730180U (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-12-03 | 西安箭达信息科技有限公司 | A kind of high-gain dual polarization dipole is to antenna |
| CN110635219A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2019-12-31 | 广东健博通科技股份有限公司 | 5G ultra-wideband dual-polarized coupling radiation unit and antenna |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111525234A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-08-11 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Dual-polarized antenna and customer front-end equipment |
| CN116487885A (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-07-25 | 西南科技大学 | Double-notch dual-polarized base station antenna with composite structure |
| CN116487885B (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-08-25 | 西南科技大学 | Double-notch dual-polarized base station antenna with composite structure |
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