CN111029755A - Low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folding antenna - Google Patents
Low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folding antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN111029755A CN111029755A CN201911417283.9A CN201911417283A CN111029755A CN 111029755 A CN111029755 A CN 111029755A CN 201911417283 A CN201911417283 A CN 201911417283A CN 111029755 A CN111029755 A CN 111029755A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/364—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith using a particular conducting material, e.g. superconductor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna, which sequentially comprises the following components from top to bottom: the antenna comprises a rectangular frame enclosed by vertical metal baffles, two horizontal rectangular metal patches, two folding vertical metal patches and a metal floor are sequentially arranged in the rectangular frame from top to bottom, two bulges are arranged below the folding vertical metal patches in a metal manner, a gap is arranged on the bottom surface of each bulge, an antenna feed part comprises an SMA connector and a metal strip feeder line, the antenna effectively prolongs a magnetic dipole current path by simultaneously folding the vertical metal patches and the metal floor positioned in the middle of the vertical patches, can reduce the section of the antenna from 0.25 lambda to 0.075 lambda, the antenna has the advantages of large impedance bandwidth, symmetrical directional diagram, high radiation gain, small back radiation and the like while the height of the all-metal magnetoelectric dipole antenna is remarkably reduced, so that the section height is no longer the defect of the application of the all-metal magnetoelectric dipole antenna, and the antenna can be applied to a 5G base station antenna system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 5G base station antennas, and particularly relates to a low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna.
Background
The rapid development of the mobile communication technology greatly promotes the development and progress of the society, and particularly, a 5G new generation mobile communication system opens the door of everything interconnection, promotes the vigorous development of the technical fields such as the internet of things, big data, block chains, automatic driving, artificial intelligence and the like, and will have subversive influence on the future society. 5G, while bringing a nice view to people, also puts higher demands on the existing base station antenna technology and performance. The 5G communication frequency is greatly improved, the coverage area of a single antenna of the base station is greatly reduced, the number of the base stations is greatly increased, and the cost consumption is the biggest obstacle in the 5G popularization process. How to improve the performance of the antenna to the greatest extent, realize the purposes of multiple functions and multiple tasks, and further reduce the cost is a problem which needs to be solved urgently. Therefore, designing a small, high-gain, wide-band, low-cost, high-performance base station antenna has become a hot spot and a difficult point of research in the antenna field today.
The magnetoelectric dipole antenna adopts a complementary antenna design, has the advantages of wide bandwidth, symmetrical directional diagram, small back radiation, simple structure and the like, and the radiation patch is grounded, thereby being an ideal choice for the base station antenna. However, this type of antenna also has the obvious disadvantages of a high profile and a large volume. In the published literature, the profile height of the antenna can be reduced by folding the vertical patch, slotting the floor and the like, but a certain difference exists from the practical application requirement. By analyzing the current path of the magnetic dipole and adopting the method of simultaneously folding the vertical patch and the metal floor, the antenna profile can be greatly reduced, the defect of higher profile of the magnetic-electric dipole antenna is effectively overcome, and the application requirement of the 5G base station antenna can be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a low section magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna, includes from last to down in proper order: a rectangular frame 7 surrounded by vertical metal baffles 6, wherein a left horizontal rectangular metal patch 1, a right horizontal rectangular metal patch 2, a left folding vertical metal patch 2 and a metal floor 3 are sequentially arranged in the rectangular frame 7 from top to bottom, the two horizontal rectangular metal patches 1 and the two folding vertical metal patches 2 are arranged in a left-right symmetrical mode about the center of the rectangular frame 7, each folding vertical metal patch 2 comprises a bottom vertical patch a, a horizontal patch b perpendicular to the bottom vertical patch a and a top vertical patch c perpendicular to the horizontal patch b, two rectangular bulges 8 are arranged below the folding vertical metal patches 2 of the metal floor 3, each bulge 8 consists of three metal surfaces at the top and two sides, a gap 9 is arranged on the bottom surface of each bulge 8, and the two bulges 8 are arranged in a left-right symmetrical mode about the center of the rectangular frame 7;
the left and right horizontal rectangular metal patches 1 form a horizontal electric dipole antenna; the left and right folding vertical metal patches 2 and the metal floor 3 positioned in the middle of the folding vertical metal patches 2 form a U-shaped structure equivalent to a magnetic dipole antenna, and the electric dipole antenna and the magnetic dipole antenna are vertically arranged;
the antenna feed part comprises an SMA connector 5 and a metal strip feed line 4, the metal strip feed line 4 is formed by connecting three parts, namely a first vertical copper strip d, a horizontal copper strip e and a second vertical copper strip f, the second vertical copper strip f is directly connected with the top vertical patch c, an inner conductor of the SMA connector 5 positioned below the metal floor 3 is connected to the first vertical copper strip d, and an outer conductor of the SMA connector is fixed on the metal floor 3;
the height of the vertical metal baffle 6 is equal to the height of the bottom vertical patch a + the thickness of the horizontal patch b + the height of the top vertical patch c + the thickness of the horizontal rectangular metal patch 1.
Preferably, the horizontal rectangular metal patch has a width of 23mm and a length of 46 mm.
Preferably, the folded vertical metal patch 2 comprises a bottom vertical patch a with a height of 4.8mm, a horizontal patch b with a width of 9mm, and a top vertical patch c with a height of 0.8mm, wherein the lengths of the three patches a, b and c are 46 mm.
Preferably, the two protrusions 8 have the same size, the protrusion length is 46mm, the protrusion height is 2mm, the protrusion width is 2mm, and the gap 9 on the bottom surface of the protrusion has the width of 2mm and the length of 46 mm.
Preferably, the metal strip feed line 4 is 2.6mm wide and comprises a first vertical copper strip d of 3.5mm height, a horizontal copper strip e of 9.78mm length and a second vertical copper strip f of 0.5mm height, the second vertical copper strip f being directly connected to the top vertical patch c.
Preferably, the vertical metal baffles 6 around the floor are 6mm high.
Preferably, the horizontal rectangular metal patch 1, the folded vertical metal patch 2, the metal strip feeder 4, the vertical metal baffle 6 and the protrusion 8 are all made of copper foil with the thickness of 0.2 mm.
The metal baffles around the floor are used to increase gain and reduce back lobe radiation.
The principle of the invention is as follows: in the magnetoelectric dipole antenna, the height of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna determines the overall height of the antenna, and the magnetic dipole antenna formed by a U-shaped structure formed by the left and right folding vertical metal patches 2 and the metal floor 3 positioned in the middle of the folding vertical metal patches 2 can well play a role only by meeting a current path (about 0.63 lambda) with a certain length, so that the U-shaped structure height is reduced, and meanwhile, measures of prolonging the current path such as folding and slotting are adopted to ensure that the total length of the current path is not changed. Meanwhile, when the antenna height is low, the 'gamma' shaped feed is not applicable due to the large vertical size of the tail end, and the feed for the metal strip needs to be improved.
The design process of the invention is as follows:
when the classical magnetoelectric dipole antenna works, the annular current flows along a U-shaped structure formed by the vertical metal patches and the metal floor positioned between the vertical metal patches, as shown in fig. 4, the classical magnetoelectric dipole antenna can be equivalent to a horizontal magnetic dipole antenna, and the horizontal magnetic dipole antenna and an electric dipole antenna formed by a pair of horizontal metal patches jointly form a complementary antenna. The common method for achieving low profile is to reduce the profile by folding the vertical metal patch to extend the current path, and this method can reduce the antenna profile from 0.25 λ to 0.15 λ (λ is the spatial wavelength at the center frequency). Since the metal floor of the antenna is generally a planar structure, and a non-planar structure may cause distortion of a radiation pattern, it is not easy to think that the metal floor located in the middle of the vertical patch is convexly folded upwards to prolong a current path, thereby reducing the height of the antenna. The vertical metal patch and the metal floor positioned in the middle of the vertical metal patch are folded at the same time, the current path of the folded antenna is shown in fig. 5, and the cross section of the antenna can be reduced from 0.25 lambda to 0.075 lambda (lambda is the space wavelength when the lambda is the center frequency) after the current path is prolonged, so that the antenna is the lowest height of the all-metal magnetoelectric dipole antenna disclosed at present. In the design process, the inverted L-shaped feed is improved into the metal strip feed, the adverse effect of the original feed structure on the reduction of the section is reduced, the better impedance matching is realized by adjusting the distance between the metal strip and the patch, and the impedance bandwidth (S11 is less than or equal to-10 dB) of the antenna reaches 31 percent.
The antenna has the advantages of large impedance bandwidth, symmetrical directional diagram, high radiation gain, small back radiation and the like while the height of the all-metal magnetoelectric dipole antenna is remarkably reduced, so that the section height is no longer the defect of the application of the all-metal magnetoelectric dipole antenna, and the antenna can be applied to a 5G base station antenna system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention provides a magnetoelectric dipole antenna with a remarkably reduced section, the height of the section is reduced from conventional 0.25 lambda to 0.075 lambda (lambda is the space wavelength of the central frequency), and the defect of high section of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is effectively overcome;
2. the invention adopts the metal strip for feeding, has good impedance matching, and achieves 31 percent of impedance bandwidth while realizing low profile;
3. the invention adopts the metal cavity reflector, and has the advantages of high radiation gain and small back lobe radiation;
4. the all-metal antenna is adopted, the structure is simple, the design process is clear, the theory is mature, the design and application difficulty can be reduced, and the transportability is strong.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a low profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of a low profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a current path of a classical magnetoelectric dipole antenna in operation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the current path of the low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna of the present invention during operation;
FIG. 6 is a low profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna port S of the present invention11A parameter and gain profile;
fig. 7 is xoz plane and yoz plane radiation patterns for a low profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna of the present invention at 3.8 GHz;
fig. 8 is the xoz plane and yoz plane radiation patterns of the low profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna of the present invention at 3.5 GHz;
fig. 9 is xoz plane and yoz plane radiation patterns for a low profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna of the present invention at 4.1 GHz.
1 is horizontal rectangle metal patch, 2 is folding perpendicular metal patch, 3 is metal floor, 4 is the metal strip feeder, 5 is the SMA joint, 6 is perpendicular metal baffle, 7 is the rectangle frame, 8 is the arch, 9 is the gap.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The utility model provides a low section magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna, includes from last to down in proper order: a rectangular frame 7 surrounded by vertical metal baffles 6, wherein a left horizontal rectangular metal patch 1, a right horizontal rectangular metal patch 2, a left folding vertical metal patch 2 and a metal floor 3 are sequentially arranged in the rectangular frame 7 from top to bottom, the two horizontal rectangular metal patches 1 and the two folding vertical metal patches 2 are arranged in a left-right symmetrical mode about the center of the rectangular frame 7, each folding vertical metal patch 2 comprises a bottom vertical patch a, a horizontal patch b perpendicular to the bottom vertical patch a and a top vertical patch c perpendicular to the horizontal patch b, two rectangular bulges 8 are arranged below the folding vertical metal patches 2 of the metal floor 3, each bulge 8 consists of three metal surfaces at the top and two sides, a gap 9 is arranged on the bottom surface of each bulge 8, and the two bulges 8 are arranged in a left-right symmetrical mode about the center of the rectangular frame 7;
the left and right horizontal rectangular metal patches 1 form a horizontal electric dipole antenna; the left and right folding vertical metal patches 2 and the metal floor 3 positioned in the middle of the folding vertical metal patches 2 form a U-shaped structure equivalent to a magnetic dipole antenna, and the electric dipole antenna and the magnetic dipole antenna are vertically arranged;
the antenna feed part comprises an SMA connector 5 and a metal strip feed line 4, the metal strip feed line 4 is formed by connecting three parts, namely a first vertical copper strip d, a horizontal copper strip e and a second vertical copper strip f, the second vertical copper strip f is directly connected with the top vertical patch c, an inner conductor of the SMA connector 5 positioned below the metal floor 3 is connected to the first vertical copper strip d, and an outer conductor of the SMA connector is fixed on the metal floor 3;
the height of the vertical metal baffle 6 is equal to the height of the bottom vertical patch a + the thickness of the horizontal patch b + the height of the top vertical patch c + the thickness of the horizontal rectangular metal patch 1.
In this embodiment, the width of the horizontal rectangular metal patch is 23mm, and the length thereof is 46 mm.
The folding vertical metal patch 2 comprises a bottom vertical patch a with the height of 4.8mm, a horizontal patch b with the width of 9mm, and a top vertical patch c with the height of 0.8mm, wherein the lengths of the a, the b and the c are all 46 mm.
The sizes of the two bulges 8 are consistent, the length of each bulge is 46mm, the height of each bulge is 2mm, the width of the gap 9 on the bottom surface of each bulge is 2mm, and the length of each gap is 46 mm.
The metal strip feeder 4 is 2.6mm wide and comprises a first vertical copper strip d of 3.5mm height, a horizontal copper strip e of 9.78mm length and a second vertical copper strip f of 0.5mm height, the second vertical copper strip f being directly connected to the top vertical patch c.
The height of the vertical metal baffle 6 around the floor is 6 mm.
The horizontal rectangular metal patch 1, the folding vertical metal patch 2, the metal strip feeder 4, the vertical metal baffle 6 and the bulges 8 are all made of copper foils with the thickness of 0.2 mm.
The metal baffles around the floor are used to increase gain and reduce back lobe radiation.
In the magnetoelectric dipole antenna, the height of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna determines the overall height of the antenna, and the magnetic dipole antenna formed by a U-shaped structure formed by the left and right folding vertical metal patches 2 and the metal floor 3 positioned in the middle of the folding vertical metal patches 2 can well play a role only by meeting a current path (about 0.63 lambda) with a certain length, so that the U-shaped structure height is reduced, and meanwhile, measures of prolonging the current path such as folding and slotting are adopted to ensure that the total length of the current path is not changed. Meanwhile, when the antenna height is low, the 'gamma' shaped feed is not applicable due to the large vertical size of the tail end, and the feed for the metal strip needs to be improved.
When the vertical metal patch is folded, the metal floor positioned in the middle of the vertical metal patch is upwards protruded by two steps, so that the current path on the floor is effectively prolonged, and the lower height of the antenna is realized.
FIG. 6 is a port S of a low profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna of the present invention11Parameters and gain curves, it can be seen that the-10 dB bandwidth of the antenna at a center frequency of 3.8GHz is 1.18GHz, the coverage frequency range is 3.2GHz to 4.38GHz, the relative bandwidth is 31%, and the antenna gain in the frequency range is 6.7dBi to 10.18 dBi.
FIG. 7 is the xoz plane and yoz plane radiation patterns of the low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna of the present invention at 3.8GHz with maximum gain of 10.1dBi and with the patterns of the two planes almost completely coincident;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the xoz plane and yoz plane radiation patterns for the low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna of the present invention at 3.5GHz with a maximum gain of 9.6 dBi;
fig. 9 is a graph of xoz plane and yoz plane radiation patterns for a low profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna of the present invention at 4.1GHz, with a maximum gain of 10.15 dBi.
As can be seen from fig. 7, 8 and 9, the antenna of the present invention has the characteristics of high radiation gain, symmetrical directional diagram and small backward radiation.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a low section magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna which characterized in that includes from last down in proper order: a rectangular frame (7) enclosed by the vertical metal baffles (6), a left and a right horizontal rectangular metal patches (1), a left and a right folding vertical metal patches (2) and a metal floor (3) are sequentially arranged in the rectangular frame (7) from top to bottom, the two horizontal rectangular metal patches (1) and the folding vertical metal patches (2) are arranged in bilateral symmetry about the center of the rectangular frame (7), each folding vertical metal patch (2) comprises a bottom vertical patch a, a horizontal patch b perpendicular to the bottom vertical patch a and a top vertical patch c perpendicular to the horizontal patch b, two rectangular bulges (8) are arranged below the folding vertical metal patch (2) of the metal floor (3), each bulge (8) consists of three metal surfaces on the top and two sides, a gap (9) is formed in the bottom surface of each bulge (8), and the two bulges (8) are arranged in bilateral symmetry about the center of the rectangular frame (7);
the left and right horizontal rectangular metal patches (1) form a horizontal electric dipole antenna; the left folding vertical metal patch (2) and the right folding vertical metal patch (2) and the metal floor (3) positioned in the middle of the folding vertical metal patches (2) form a U-shaped structure equivalent to a magnetic dipole antenna, and the electric dipole antenna and the magnetic dipole antenna are vertically arranged;
the antenna feed part comprises an SMA connector (5) and a metal strip feed line (4), the metal strip feed line (4) is formed by connecting three parts, namely a first vertical copper strip d, a horizontal copper strip e and a second vertical copper strip f, the second vertical copper strip f is directly connected with a top vertical patch c, an inner conductor of the SMA connector (5) positioned below the metal floor (3) is connected to the first vertical copper strip d, and an outer conductor of the SMA connector is fixed on the metal floor (3);
the height of the vertical metal baffle (6) is equal to the height of the bottom vertical patch a, the thickness of the horizontal patch b, the height of the top vertical patch c and the thickness of the horizontal rectangular metal patch (1).
2. A low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the horizontal rectangular metal patch has a width of 23mm and a length of 46 mm.
3. A low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the folding vertical metal patch (2) comprises a bottom vertical patch a with the height of 4.8mm, a horizontal patch b with the width of 9mm, and a top vertical patch c with the height of 0.8mm, wherein the lengths of the a, the b and the c are all 46 mm.
4. A low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sizes of the two bulges (8) are consistent, the length of each bulge is 46mm, the height of each bulge is 2mm, the width of each gap (9) on the bottom surface of each bulge is 2mm, and the length of each gap is 46 mm.
5. A low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the width of the metal strip feeder (4) is 2.6mm, the metal strip feeder comprises a first vertical copper strip d with the height of 3.5mm, a horizontal copper strip e with the length of 9.78mm and a second vertical copper strip f with the height of 0.5mm, and the second vertical copper strip f is directly connected with the top vertical patch c.
6. A low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the vertical metal baffle (6) around the floor is 6 mm.
7. A low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folded antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the horizontal rectangular metal patch (1), the folding vertical metal patch (2), the metal strip feeder (4), the vertical metal baffle (6) and the bulges (8) are all made of copper foils with the thickness of 0.2 mm.
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| CN201911417283.9A CN111029755B (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folding antenna |
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| CN201911417283.9A CN111029755B (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Low-profile magnetoelectric dipole folding antenna |
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| CN111029755B CN111029755B (en) | 2021-05-14 |
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| CN111710982A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-09-25 | 西安电子科技大学 | Novel broadband magnetic dipole antenna |
| CN113078459A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-07-06 | 电子科技大学 | Low-profile broadband circularly-polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna |
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| CN113078459A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-07-06 | 电子科技大学 | Low-profile broadband circularly-polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna |
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| CN111029755B (en) | 2021-05-14 |
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