CN111029078A - Powder insulation coating method, finished product powder and finished product magnetic powder core preparation method - Google Patents
Powder insulation coating method, finished product powder and finished product magnetic powder core preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/153—Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals
- H01F1/15383—Applying coatings thereon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/16—Metallic particles coated with a non-metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
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- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
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- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
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- H01F1/15341—Preparation processes therefor
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- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/153—Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals
- H01F1/15341—Preparation processes therefor
- H01F1/1535—Preparation processes therefor by powder metallurgy, e.g. spark erosion
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- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/153—Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals
- H01F1/15358—Making agglomerates therefrom, e.g. by pressing
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- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
- H01F41/0246—Manufacturing of magnetic circuits by moulding or by pressing powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
Abstract
The invention provides a powder insulation coating method, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing amorphous nanocrystalline powder containing Fe and/or Si; s2, preheating and heating a rotary furnace, and adding the amorphous nanocrystalline powder into the rotary furnace; and S3, continuously introducing oxygen-containing air into the rotary furnace, turning the amorphous nanocrystalline powder in the rotary furnace, and fully reacting the surface of the amorphous nanocrystalline powder with the oxygen-containing air to form an insulating coating layer on the surface of the amorphous nanocrystalline powder to obtain coated powder. The invention also provides a finished product powder preparation method and a finished product magnetic powder core preparation method which apply the amorphous nanocrystalline powder high-efficiency coating method; the method disclosed by the invention is applied, and the generation of the insulating coating layer in the insulating coating step is carried out by adopting hot air, so that the problems of production cost and environmental pollution are effectively solved; meanwhile, the quality of the insulating coating layer can be effectively improved; the influence of the introduction of foreign matters on the performance during the insulation coating process is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetically soft alloy metallurgy, in particular to a powder insulation coating method and a finished product powder and a finished product magnetic powder core preparation method.
Background
The amorphous nanocrystalline material has high saturation magnetic induction, high magnetic conductivity, low coercive force, low high-frequency loss, good strong hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, good temperature and environmental stability and the like, has excellent comprehensive performance, replaces permalloy, silicon steel and ferrite, is applied to the power electronic technology, shows the characteristics of small volume, high efficiency, energy conservation and the like, and has the optimal cost performance ratio in all metal soft magnetic materials.
The insulating coating is a key technology in the preparation process of the amorphous nanocrystalline magnetic powder core, the performance of the insulating coating layer is an important factor influencing the high-frequency loss of the magnetic powder core, and if the insulating coating layer is not completely coated or damaged, the eddy current loss among magnetic powder particles is increased rapidly, so that the high-frequency loss of the magnetic powder core is increased.
In the prior art, the insulating coating process has the defects of high production cost, serious environmental pollution and the like, and the thickness and uniformity of the formed insulating coating cannot be effectively controlled; and deterioration of magnetic properties is formed during the coating process or involving excessive introduction of other non-magnetic substances.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a powder insulation coating method, finished powder and a finished magnetic powder core preparation method for overcoming the defects of the prior art.
The powder insulation coating method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing amorphous nanocrystalline powder containing Fe and/or Si;
s2, preheating and heating a rotary furnace, and adding the amorphous nanocrystalline powder into the rotary furnace;
and S3, continuously introducing oxygen-containing air into the rotary furnace, turning the amorphous nanocrystalline powder in the rotary furnace, and fully reacting the surface of the amorphous nanocrystalline powder with the oxygen-containing air to form an insulating coating layer on the surface of the amorphous nanocrystalline powder to obtain coated powder.
Further, in step S1, the mesh ratio of the amorphous nanocrystalline powder is: 10-40% of-100 meshes to +150 meshes, 20-70% of-150 meshes to +200 meshes, and 10-30% of-200 meshes to +400 meshes.
Further, in step S1, the amorphous nanocrystalline powder is obtained by mechanically crushing an amorphous nanocrystalline strip or by atomizing a molten alloy, and the amorphous nanocrystalline powder is in a sheet shape or a sphere-like shape.
Further, in step S1, the amorphous nanocrystalline powder has an alloy component of FeSiB or FeSiBCuNb.
Further, in step S2, the preheating temperature of the rotary kiln is 240-450 ℃.
Further, in step S3, the reaction formula of the reaction between the amorphous nano-crystalline powder surface and the oxygen-containing air is: fe + O2=Fe2O3And/or Si + O2=SiO2。
Further, in step S3, the reaction time of the reaction between the surface of the amorphous nano-crystalline powder and the oxygen-containing air is 2-12 hours.
A finished product powder preparation method applies the powder insulation coating method; and comprises the following steps:
and S4, adding the lubricant into the obtained coating powder, and stirring and mixing the coating powder by a stirrer to obtain finished product powder.
A finished magnetic powder core preparation method is applied to the finished powder preparation method and comprises the following steps:
s5, pressing and forming the obtained finished product powder to obtain a blank with a magnetic powder core;
s6, sintering, annealing and curing the magnetic powder core blank to obtain a semi-finished magnetic powder core;
and S7, spraying the semi-finished magnetic powder core to obtain the finished magnetic powder core.
Further, in the step S7, when the alloy component of the amorphous nanocrystalline powder is FeSiB, the annealing temperature adopted is 350-480 ℃, the total annealing time is 1.5-3.5 h, and the heat preservation time is 20-60 min; when the alloy component of the amorphous nanocrystalline powder is FeSiBCuNb, the annealing temperature is 490-580 ℃, the total annealing time is 2-8 h, and the heat preservation time is 60-180 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the efficient coating method of the amorphous nanocrystalline powder, the insulating coating layer is generated in the insulating coating step by adopting hot air, so that the problems of production cost and environmental pollution are effectively solved; meanwhile, the quality of the insulating coating layer can be effectively improved; the influence of foreign substances introduced in the insulation coating process on the magnetic powder core prepared by the magnetic powder core is reduced.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution, objects and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further explained with reference to the following embodiments.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a finished magnetic powder core, which comprises the following process steps:
(1) the amorphous nanocrystalline alloy raw material is smelted by a smelting furnace to obtain the master alloy.
(2) And (3) carrying out strip spraying treatment on the master alloy through a strip spraying machine to obtain the amorphous nanocrystalline strip.
(3) And crushing the amorphous nanocrystalline strip by a pulverizer to obtain amorphous nanocrystalline raw powder.
(4) Grading the amorphous nanocrystalline raw powder by a sieving machine to obtain amorphous nanocrystalline powder with different meshes; and mixing them uniformly.
(5) And carrying out insulation coating treatment on the mixed amorphous nanocrystalline powder with different meshes to obtain the coated powder with amorphous nanocrystalline.
(6) Adding lubricant into the coating powder, and mixing and stirring by a conical stirrer to obtain finished product powder with amorphous nanocrystalline.
(7) And pressing the finished powder by a forging press to obtain the magnetic powder core blank with the amorphous nanocrystalline.
(8) And sintering the magnetic powder core blank in a sintering furnace to obtain the sintered magnetic powder core with amorphous nanocrystalline.
(9) Annealing the sintered magnetic powder core by an annealing furnace, and carrying out different annealing treatment steps according to the sintered magnetic powder cores with different alloy components to obtain the annealed magnetic powder core with amorphous nanocrystalline.
(10) And curing the annealed magnetic powder core by a vacuum impregnation machine to obtain a semi-finished magnetic powder core with amorphous nanocrystalline.
(11) And spraying the semi-finished magnetic powder core by an electrostatic spraying machine or a roller coating machine to obtain the finished magnetic powder core with amorphous nanocrystalline.
In the step (1), the alloy material is preferably a FeSiB amorphous nanocrystalline alloy, preferably Fe as a component, based on the application of a typical Fe-based amorphous alloy78Si9B13(ii) a Or based on the application of typical iron-based nanocrystalline alloy, so that the alloy raw materialPreferably FeSiBCuNb amorphous nanocrystalline alloy; the alloy raw material is smelted at high temperature to obtain the master alloy; wherein the high-temperature smelting temperature is as follows: 1250-.
In the step (2), the prepared master alloy is processed by a rapid cooling method to prepare the amorphous nanocrystalline strip.
In the step (3), the amorphous nanocrystalline strip is mechanically crushed to obtain the amorphous nanocrystalline raw powder; besides the mechanical crushing treatment by the amorphous nanocrystalline strip, the preparation of the amorphous nanocrystalline raw powder can be correspondingly carried out by applying the molten alloy atomization treatment in the prior art; so that the amorphous nanocrystalline raw powder is in a sheet shape or a sphere-like shape.
In the step (4), the prepared amorphous nanocrystalline raw powder is classified and sieved to obtain amorphous nanocrystalline powder with different required meshes; meanwhile, according to the design mesh ratio, the obtained amorphous nanocrystalline powder is matched and uniformly mixed by a V-shaped stirrer, so that the mesh ratio of the powder is as follows: 10-40% of-100 meshes to +150 meshes, 20-70% of-150 meshes to +200 meshes, and 10-30% of-200 meshes to +400 meshes.
The mixed powder with good fluidity is obtained by adjusting the proportion and mixing configuration of the mixed powder with different mesh settings, and the main parameters of good powder fluidity are as follows: loose density, tap density, angle of repose, degree of dispersion, etc., the comprehensive index is a fluidity index which can be tested by a Dandongboet powder characteristic analyzer; the fluidity index is above 70 and is a good grade, and the larger the fluidity index is, the better the fluidity is; the powder with good fluidity has smaller inter-powder resistance in the forming process, is beneficial to forming, and has larger magnetic powder core density and better product performance under the same pressure condition.
In the step (5), the mixed powder is subjected to powder surface oxidation insulation heat treatment by a rotary furnace to form an insulation coating layer and is subjected to stress relief annealing; specifically, the heating temperature of the rotary furnace is controlled to be 240-450 ℃, and the rotary furnace is provided with a corresponding oxygen introducing mechanism and a corresponding turnover mechanism to ensure that the rotary furnace is provided with the oxygen introducing mechanism and the turnover mechanismOxygen-containing air is continuously introduced into the rotary furnace through an oxygen introducing mechanism, the mixed powder in the rotary furnace is turned over through a turning mechanism, the surface of the mixed powder is fully reacted with the oxygen-containing air, and the chemical reaction formula of the mixed powder relates to the formula; fe + O2=Fe2O3And Si + O2=SiO2Turning and stirring evenly for full reaction; so that an insulating coating layer with corresponding oxide is formed on the surface of the mixed powder to obtain coated powder.
In the step (6), the coating powder after insulation coating is added with a lubricant and mixed uniformly, wherein the lubricant includes but is not limited to zinc stearate, paraffin, and barium stearate.
In the step (7), the prepared finished product powder is pressed and molded, wherein the molding pressure is 16-22 t/cm 2.
In the step (8), the molded magnetic powder core is sintered in a sintering furnace, and the lubricant is discharged, wherein the sintering temperature is 240-.
In the step (9), the obtained sintered magnetic powder core is annealed, and when the alloy raw material of the sintered magnetic powder core is based on the application of a typical iron-based amorphous alloy, the annealing temperature is 350-480 ℃, the total annealing time is 1.5-3.5 h, and the heat preservation time is 20-60 min; when the alloy raw material of the sintered magnetic powder core is based on the application of a typical iron-based nanocrystalline alloy, the annealing temperature is 490-580 ℃, the total annealing time is 2-8 h, and the heat preservation time is 60-180 min.
In the step (11), the product is subjected to chamfer spraying treatment to obtain the final finished magnetic powder core.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art may still modify the described embodiment without departing from the implementation principle of the present invention, and the corresponding modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The powder insulation coating method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing amorphous nanocrystalline powder containing Fe and/or Si;
s2, preheating and heating a rotary furnace, and adding the amorphous nanocrystalline powder into the rotary furnace;
and S3, continuously introducing oxygen-containing air into the rotary furnace, turning the amorphous nanocrystalline powder in the rotary furnace, and fully reacting the surface of the amorphous nanocrystalline powder with the oxygen-containing air to form an insulating coating layer on the surface of the amorphous nanocrystalline powder to obtain coated powder.
2. The powder insulation coating method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the amorphous nanocrystalline powder is prepared by the following mesh ratio: 10-40% of-100 meshes to +150 meshes, 20-70% of-150 meshes to +200 meshes, and 10-30% of-200 meshes to +400 meshes.
3. The powder insulation coating method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the amorphous nanocrystalline powder is in a sheet or sphere-like shape.
4. The powder insulation coating method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the alloy component of the amorphous nanocrystalline powder is FeSiB or FeSiBCuNb.
5. The powder insulation coating method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the preheating temperature of the rotary kiln is 240 to 450 ℃.
6. The powder insulation coating method of claim 1, wherein in step S3, the reaction formula of the reaction between the amorphous nano-crystalline powder surface and the oxygen-containing air is: fe + O2=Fe2O3And/or Si + O2=SiO2。
7. The powder insulation coating method of claim 6, wherein in step S3, the reaction time of the reaction between the surface of the amorphous nano-crystalline powder and the oxygen-containing air is 2-12 h.
8. A finished powder preparation method, which applies the powder insulation coating method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7; the method is characterized by further comprising the following steps:
and S4, adding the lubricant into the obtained coating powder, and stirring and mixing the coating powder by a stirrer to obtain finished product powder.
9. A method for preparing a magnetic powder core finished product by using the method for preparing a magnetic powder finished product according to claim 8, further comprising the steps of:
s5, pressing and forming the obtained finished product powder to obtain a blank with a magnetic powder core;
s6, sintering, annealing and curing the magnetic powder core blank to obtain a semi-finished magnetic powder core;
and S7, spraying the semi-finished magnetic powder core to obtain the finished magnetic powder core.
10. The method for preparing a finished magnetic powder core according to claim 9, wherein in the step S7, when the alloy component of the amorphous nanocrystalline powder is FeSiB, the annealing temperature is 350 to 480 ℃, the total annealing time is 1.5 to 3.5 hours, and the heat preservation time is 20 to 60 min; when the alloy component of the amorphous nanocrystalline powder is FeSiBCuNb, the annealing temperature is 490-580 ℃, the total annealing time is 2-8 h, and the heat preservation time is 60-180 min.
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CN114147220A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-03-08 | 佛山市中研非晶科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of amorphous nanocrystalline insulating finished product powder subjected to pre-annealing treatment |
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