CN111027130B - Ecological submerged dike with kelp wave-eliminating function, design method and design system - Google Patents
Ecological submerged dike with kelp wave-eliminating function, design method and design system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111027130B CN111027130B CN202010002599.8A CN202010002599A CN111027130B CN 111027130 B CN111027130 B CN 111027130B CN 202010002599 A CN202010002599 A CN 202010002599A CN 111027130 B CN111027130 B CN 111027130B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- kelp
- wave
- submerged dike
- submerged
- density
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological submerged dike with a kelp wave-eliminating function, a design method and a design system, which belong to the technical field of submerged dikes and are characterized in that: the kelp is attached to the surface of the submerged dike; a kelp planting area is arranged on the back wave side of the submerged dike; according to the ecological submerged dike with the kelp wave eliminating function, the design method and the design system, the wave transmission coefficients corresponding to different relative submerged depths, different relative widths, different wave steeps, different submerged dike slopes and different kelp densities are analyzed through experiments, so that the relation of the transmission coefficients of waves passing through the kelp submerged dike and the kelp area behind the dike is obtained, and the achievement transformation of the novel ecological submerged dike utilizing kelp wave eliminating is facilitated. The device has reasonable structure and good wave eliminating effect, has better wave eliminating effect when suffering from larger waves in severe sea conditions, and is particularly suitable for repairing the submerged dike of the built filled sea land engineering, especially the middle or shallow near-shore sea area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of submerged dikes, and particularly relates to an ecological submerged dike with a kelp wave-eliminating function, a design method and a design system.
Background
The submerged dike is one of products of the reclamation sea engineering, is widely used in the sea area protection engineering, has the main functions of wave elimination, beach protection and silt promotion, and causes the change of hydrodynamic conditions and pollutant migration rules of the sea area around the engineering along with the negative effects, so that the coastal ecology and the water environment can be seriously damaged, the diversity of the biological species in the sea area near the reclamation sea engineering is generally reduced, and the dominant species and the community structure are changed. Therefore, development of a novel submerged dike which can not only maintain the wave-eliminating function of the traditional submerged dike, but also restore ecology is needed at present.
The prior art comprises the following steps: (1) A bionic submerged dike suitable for shallow sea adopts simple combination of a water conservancy plugboard and an underwater bionic, can reduce engineering cost, has a certain ecological protection effect, is not widely applied to practical engineering, and has poor practical application effect because the underwater bionic can not play a good wave-eliminating effect. (2) A combined submerged dike structure is composed of a rigid submerged dike wave-resisting structure consisting of several periodically arranged wave crest column units and a flexible plant wave-eliminating structure on the side of said rigid submerged dike wave-resisting structure. However, the rigid submerged dike wave-resistant structure is not common in practical engineering, the wave-eliminating effect is to be verified, the flexible plant wave-eliminating structure needs nutrient soil to survive, but the nutrient soil is easy to wash in seawater, and the practical application is difficult. (3) A novel submerged dike top structure combining flexible plant wave elimination is composed of a dike top member unit provided with a flexible vegetation model and a rigid frame fixed in an anchoring mode, the wave elimination capability of the submerged dike is improved by combining the characteristics of good wave elimination effect and scour resistance of the flexible plant, and meanwhile, the ecological environment of a water body is improved by utilizing the ecological benefit of the plant model. However, the structure mainly comprises reinforced concrete beams, a reinforcing mesh and an anchor chain, the reinforced concrete is easy to rust in seawater, certain pollution is caused to water, and the actual wave-eliminating effect is poor because the flexible plant wave-eliminating frame is only arranged on the top of the dyke. The ecological submerged dike proposed by the above-mentioned open technology is mostly of a novel structure type, and cannot be ecologically restored on the basis of the established traditional submerged dike, which is not economical for ecological restoration of the reclamation sea engineering.
Kelp is a phytoplankton which is easy to grow in seawater and has a water body purification function, the cultivation technology is mature, the research on kelp at present mainly focuses on the aspects of cultivation capacity of the kelp, cultivation resistance of the kelp to seawater, sea-tangle frame wave-eliminating effect observation and the like, and the research on breakwater wave-eliminating mainly focuses on the traditional modes such as a new form or a new structure and the like, and does not focus on the research on the application of the kelp to the wave-eliminating characteristics of the established submerged dike.
Therefore, the patent provides a novel ecological submerged dike which utilizes kelp to dissipate waves, and the adopted structural form and materials are environment-friendly and cannot cause negative influence on ecological environment. Along with the continuous improvement of the ecological environment protection consciousness of people, the ecological submerged dike is a trend of the development of the reclamation sea engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an ecological submerged dike with kelp wave eliminating function, a design method and a design system, which are used for solving the technical problems in the prior art. The device has reasonable structure and good wave eliminating effect, has better wave eliminating effect when suffering from larger waves in severe sea conditions, and is particularly suitable for repairing the submerged dike of the built filled sea land engineering, especially the middle or shallow near-shore sea area.
The first object of the invention is to provide an ecological submerged dike with kelp wave-eliminating function, wherein kelp is attached to the surface of the submerged dike; a kelp planting area is arranged on the back wave side of the submerged dike; wherein:
density ρ of the sea-tangle on the surface of the submerged dike 1 The method comprises the following steps:
in ρ 1 The density of kelp on the surface of the submerged dike; k (K) t-1 The transmission coefficient of waves passing through the sea-tangle submerged dike; b (B) 1 Is the width of the top of the submerged dike; r is R c Is the distance between the water surface and the top of the submerged dike; h i-1 Is the incident effective wave height; alpha is the angle of the submerged dike slope; s is S op Is wave steep;
g is gravity acceleration; t (T) 1 Is the peak wave period of the incident spectrum;
the density rho of the kelp in the kelp planting area 2 The method comprises the following steps:
in ρ 2 The kelp density is the kelp density in the kelp planting area; k (K) t-2 The transmission coefficient of the wave passing through the sea-tangle area after being cut by the submerged dike; b (B) 2 The length of the kelp frame is the kelp area; h i-2 The effective wave height is the incident wave height of the wave after crossing the submerged dike; t (T) 2 For the period of the spectral peak wave after crossing the submerged dike.
Further, the sea tangle Miao Shengwang is attached to the surface of the submerged dike; and kelp seedlings are planted on the kelp seedling rope net.
Further, the kelp planting area comprises a peg or stone block at the water bottom and a floating boom suspended in the water, wherein a plurality of floats are connected to the floating boom, and the floating boom is connected with the peg or stone block through a peg cable; kelp is planted on the floating boom.
Further, the submerged dike is a slope type single submerged dike.
Furthermore, wave height meters are arranged on the wave facing side and the back wave side of the submerged dike and the back wave side of the kelp planting area.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a design method of an ecological submerged dike with kelp wave-eliminating function, which at least comprises the following steps:
s101, acquiring basic data, wherein the basic data comprises: wave height data, width of submerged dike top B 1 Distance R of water surface from the top of submerged dike c Incident effective wave height H i-1 Slope angle alpha of submerged dike; wave steep S op Peak-to-wave period T of incident spectrum 1 Length B of kelp frame in kelp region 2 Incident effective wave height H of wave after crossing submerged dike i-2 Spectral peak wave period T after crossing submerged dike 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein: the wave height data at least comprises wave heights of three parts of a wave facing side and a wave back side of the submerged dike and a wave back side of the kelp planting area;
s102, calculating a transmission coefficient, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: h i Is the incident effective wave height;
H t is the effective wave height of transmission;
s103, according to the density of the sea tangle on the surface of the submerged dikeDegree ρ 1 Obtaining the density of the sea-tangle on the surface of the submerged dike according to a calculation formula; according to the density rho of kelp in kelp planting area 2 Obtaining the density of kelp in the kelp planting area according to a calculation formula;
s104, designing the size of a rope net for adhering kelp seedlings on the surface of the submerged dike according to the density of the kelp on the surface of the submerged dike; the size of the buoyant raft is designed according to the density of kelp in the kelp planting area.
Further, the kelp density ranges from: 1.005-2.010; the submerged dyke of the kelp is in a range of-1.50 to 0 relative to the submerged depth of the dyke top, the wave steep range is 0.01 to 0.06, the width range of the relative dyke top is 1.0 to 8.0, and the gradient range of the submerged dyke is 1.0 to 3.0; the range of the sea-tangle area wave steepness is 0.0496-0.1251, and the range of the relative sea-tangle frame length is 1.88-7.50.
The third object of the invention is to provide a design system of an ecological submerged dike with kelp wave-eliminating function, comprising:
the basic data acquisition module, the basic data includes: wave height data, width of submerged dike top B 1 Distance R of water surface from the top of submerged dike c Incident effective wave height H i-1 Slope angle alpha of submerged dike; wave steep S op Peak-to-wave period T of incident spectrum 1 Length B of kelp frame in kelp region 2 Incident effective wave height H of wave after crossing submerged dike i-2 Spectral peak wave period T after crossing submerged dike 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein: the wave height data at least comprises wave heights of three parts of a wave facing side and a wave back side of the submerged dike and a wave back side of the kelp planting area;
the transmission coefficient calculation module comprises the following specific calculation formulas:
wherein: h i Is the incident effective wave height;
H t is the effective wave height of transmission;
the kelp density calculation module is used for calculating the density rho of kelp on the surface of the submerged dike 1 Obtaining the density of the sea-tangle on the surface of the submerged dike according to a calculation formula; according to the density rho of kelp in kelp planting area 2 Obtaining the density of kelp in the kelp planting area according to a calculation formula;
the kelp Miao Shengwang and buoyant raft design module designs the size of a kelp seedling rope net attached to the surface of the submerged dike according to the density of the kelp on the surface of the submerged dike; the size of the buoyant raft is designed according to the density of kelp in the kelp planting area.
Further, the kelp density ranges from: 1.005-2.010; the submerged dyke of the kelp is in a range of-1.50 to 0 relative to the submerged depth of the dyke top, the wave steep range is 0.01 to 0.06, the width range of the relative dyke top is 1.0 to 8.0, and the gradient range of the submerged dyke is 1.0 to 3.0; the range of the sea-tangle area wave steepness is 0.0496-0.1251, and the range of the relative sea-tangle frame length is 1.88-7.50.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) The wave eliminating effect of the submerged dike is further improved through double-layer wave eliminating of the submerged dike and the kelp;
(2) The long-lasting laminaria blade floats in the sea water under the lifting action of the self air bag, so that the sea water can eliminate waves and flow resistance, and can accelerate sediment deposition around the submerged dike and reduce flushing;
(3) Kelp is used as a common edible vegetable with both nutritive value and medicinal value, and can bring great economic benefit after cultivation;
(4) The kelp is fed with eutrophication substances, so that red tide can be effectively prevented, water quality can be improved, water body can be purified, waves can be prevented by the organic combination of the kelp and the submerged dike, an economic and effective ecological restoration means can be provided for the established sea-filling engineering, and negative influence of human activities on marine ecological environment can be reduced.
(5) Through experiments, a submerged dike model with kelp attached to the surface and a kelp area model are established, formulas of transmission coefficients of waves passing through the kelp submerged dike and a kelp area behind the dike are respectively provided, wave transmission coefficients corresponding to different relative dike top submerged depths, different relative widths, different wave steeps, different submerged dike gradients and different kelp densities can be estimated, and achievement transformation of the novel ecological submerged dike utilizing kelp waves is facilitated.
The device has reasonable structure, is particularly suitable for repairing the established sea-filled land construction, is particularly suitable for repairing the submerged dike in the middle or shallow near-shore sea area, can prevent waves, eliminate waves, protect beaches, promote siltation, improve water quality and repair ecology, and has higher economic value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the attachment of sea tangles of different densities to the surface of a submerged dike in a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a kelp stand in a kelp region in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the sea wall comprises a submerged dike, 2, a floater, 3, a floating boom, 4, a seeding rope net, 5, a peg cable, 6, a peg or stone weight, 7, a wave height instrument, 8, kelp, 9 and a natural stone weight.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, its features and advantages, reference is now made to the following examples, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, an ecological submerged dike with sea-tangle wave-eliminating function comprises a novel ecological submerged dike composed of a submerged dike with sea-tangle attached to the surface and a sea-tangle area, wherein the submerged dike 1 is arranged on the wave-facing side, a sea-tangle seedling rope net and sea-tangle 8 are attached to the surface of the submerged dike, and the sea-tangle area is arranged on the back wave side of the submerged dike.
The slope type single submerged dike is widely applied in practical engineering, and provides an application foundation for the achievement transformation and popularization of the patent.
The top of the submerged dike is lower than the water surface, meets the condition that the kelp must grow in the seawater, and provides an indispensable growth foundation for the growth of the kelp.
The sea tangle attached to the submerged dike is clamped and cultured by Miao Shengwang and fixed on the surface of the submerged dike by gravity provided by a natural stone weight 9. In order to obtain the optimal survival rate and wave-eliminating effect of kelp culture, the seedling ropes are designed into grid shapes, and the growth density of kelp is controlled by adjusting different grid intervals.
The kelp area is arranged on the back wave side of the submerged dike, the kelp cultivation in the kelp area adopts a standardized fully-artificial raft cultivation technology, a seedling rope net 4 is used for replacing seedling ropes, the seedling ropes flow down to the raft, and the floating raft is a main cultivation facility.
The standard fully artificial raft culture technology is different from the traditional culture mode in that: the raft spacing is increased from 4.7m to 5.3m; the floats 2 are changed from the traditional black floats with the diameter of 28cm to orange floats with the diameter of 30cm, and meanwhile, the number of floats placed on each raft frame is reduced; the method for fixing the seedling rope is optimized, and the splayed buckles are used for fixing the kelp seedling rope, so that kelp seedlings are conveniently put in and harvested; the kelp rope spacing is increased from traditional 0.85m to 1.15m, so that each raft of about 100m is reduced from traditional 115 ropes to 87 ropes; the kelp on the kelp ropes (seedling ropes) is reduced from 35 to 32 per rope. Through practical inspection, the comprehensive economic benefit brought by the standardized cultivation mode is higher than that brought by the traditional cultivation mode.
The buoyant raft comprises a floating boom 3, a peg cable 5, a seedling rope, a peg or stone weight 6 (selected according to the type of the seabed) and the like, and the raft body is fixed through the peg or stone weight. The raft setting direction of the kelp culture raft needs to consider the relationship of wind and flow and the light receiving condition of kelp.
The sea-tangle wave dissipation coefficient calculated in the sea-tangle cultivation season is about 10% higher than that calculated in the non-sea-tangle cultivation season, and the raft sea-tangle wave dissipation coefficient suffering from severe sea conditions is about 50% higher than that under the condition of good sea conditions. Meanwhile, the greater the density of kelp culture, the better the wave-eliminating effect. Considering this patent is mainly applied to the submarine inner side far away from the coast, and the sea water velocity of flow is great, and inorganic nitrogen supplements relatively fast, consequently this patent changes kelp frame seedling rope in kelp district into seedling rope net to improve the breed density of kelp, and then obtain better unrestrained effect and better economic benefits that disappears.
For the environment which is not suitable for the growth of kelp, the water body or the submarine environment can be modified, for example, a dredger or a suction dredger can be used for removing polluted bottom mud, or the seabed is ploughed, or the polluted bottom mud is covered by clay minerals, lime homogenate, sand and the like, so as to improve the water body and the bottom environment.
Because the influence of various factors on the growth and the wave-eliminating effect of the kelp cannot be qualitatively analyzed in practical application, a submerged dike model with the kelp attached on the surface and a kelp area model are respectively established in a laboratory to analyze the influence of the cultured kelp on the wave-eliminating effect.
The transmission coefficient is an important index for evaluating sea-tangle submerged dike and sea-tangle area wave-eliminating effect, and is definedTransmission coefficient K t The method comprises the following steps:
wherein: h i -incident significant wave height;
H t -transmitting an effective wave height;
the kelp density is an important index affecting the sea-tangle wave-eliminating effect, and the kelp density ρ is defined as:
wherein: d, kelp width;
the experiment is divided into two parts, and the transmission coefficient in the first part of kelp submerged dike experiment is related to the relative submerged depth of the submerged dike, the relative dike top width, the kelp density, the submerged dike slope angle and the wave steepness; the transmittance in the experiment of the kelp area behind the second part of dyke is related to the kelp density, the kelp frame length and the wave steepness; comprehensively considering the influence of the factors on the transmission coefficient, the dimensionless formula of the transmission coefficient can be expressed as follows by using regression analysis:
I. the estimated formula of the sea-tangle density of the waves crossing the sea-tangle submerged dike obtained according to the first part of experimental fitting is:
in ρ 1 The density of kelp on the surface of the submerged dike; k (K) t-1 The transmission coefficient of waves passing through the sea-tangle submerged dike; b (B) 1 Is the width of the top of the submerged dike; r is R c Is the distance between the water surface and the top of the submerged dike; h i-1 Is the incident effective wave height; alpha is the angle of the submerged dike slope; s is S op Is wave steep;
g is gravity acceleration; t (T) 1 Is the peak wave period of the incident spectrum;
II, estimating the kelp density of the waves passing through the kelp area after the submerged dike is cut according to the experimental fitting of the second part, wherein the estimated formula is as follows:
in ρ 2 The kelp density is the kelp density in the kelp planting area; k (K) t-2 The transmission coefficient of the wave passing through the sea-tangle area after being cut by the submerged dike; b (B) 2 The length of the kelp frame is the kelp area; h i-2 The effective wave height is the incident wave height of the wave after crossing the submerged dike; t (T) 2 For the period of the spectral peak wave after crossing the submerged dike.
Through the two formulas, wave transmission coefficients corresponding to different relative inundation depths, different relative widths, different wave steeps, different submerged dike slopes and different kelp densities can be estimated, and the conversion of the achievement of the novel ecological submerged dike utilizing kelp waves to dissipate the waves is facilitated.
In order to achieve the purpose of controlling the density of kelp in unit area, a plurality of groups of seedling rope nets with different mesh sizes are required to be manufactured, miao Shengwang is used for clamping and fixing the cultivated kelp on the surface of the submerged dike (the arrangement form is shown in figure 2), and the most reasonable arrangement mode which can effectively dissipate waves and enable the kelp to be high in yield is required to be found by combining data obtained by a simulation experiment performed in a laboratory with field reality. Miao Shengwang the mesh size is fixed before launching to increase its integrity and prevent damage by sea waves. The seedling rope net is fixed on the surface of the submerged dike by gravity provided by the natural stone blocks, the natural stone blocks are used for protecting ecological environment, and the kelp floats in water to achieve the effects of accelerating sediment deposition and reducing scouring.
The kelp area is arranged on the inner side of the submerged dike, a standardized full-artificial raft-based cultivation technology is adopted, floating rafts are adopted as cultivation facilities, and the kelp area flows down downstream. The buoyant raft comprises floats, a floating rope, a peg cable, a seedling rope net, a peg or stone weight (selected according to the type of the seabed) and the like, and the raft body is fixed through the peg or the stone weight. The raft setting direction of the kelp culture raft needs to consider the relationship of wind and flow and the light receiving condition of kelp.
Because the influence of various factors on the growth and the wave-eliminating effect of the kelp cannot be qualitatively analyzed in practical application, a submerged dike model with the kelp attached on the surface and a kelp area model are respectively established in a laboratory to analyze the influence of the cultured kelp on the wave-eliminating effect.
The experiment was divided into two parts: the first part is to add kelp with different densities on the submerged dike model to study the influence of the submerged dike and kelp density on the transmission coefficient, and the second part is to study the influence of the kelp frame and kelp density in the kelp area on the transmission coefficient.
The laboratory measurement method adopts a Goda two-point method to arrange the wave height instrument 7 between the sea-going side of the submerged dike, the back wave side of the submerged dike and the kelp frame respectively, and after the kelp frame, a sensor data acquisition system is adopted to acquire laboratory data.
The experiment mainly studied the following aspects:
(1) Research on influence of sea-tangle density on sea-tangle effect
The sea depth is certain, and under the action of incident waves in the same period, the density of the sea-tangle model on the surface of the submerged dike is adjusted: and (3) carrying out a plurality of groups of tests on the sea-tangle model on the surface of the submerged dike according to different densities, analyzing the influence of different sea-tangle densities on the sea-tangle wave elimination coefficient, and researching the change rule of the sea-tangle wave elimination model and the transmission coefficient corresponding to the sea-tangle densities.
(2) Study of influence of length, quantity and interval of buoyant raft on wave eliminating effect
Under the action of incident waves in the same period, a plurality of groups of experiments are carried out, the width, the number and the interval of the floating rafts are respectively changed based on the standardized fully artificial raft culture technology, and the change rule of the transmission coefficient corresponding to the kelp frame in the kelp region is researched.
(3) Study of the influence of kelp Density on the sea-tangle Effect in kelp region
The sea-tangle density is controlled by changing the mesh size of the seedling rope net in the sea-tangle area under the action of incident waves in the same period, the wave eliminating effect of different sea-tangle densities is analyzed, and the change rule of the transmission coefficient corresponding to the sea-tangle density in the sea-tangle area is studied.
(4) Research on growth environment and survival rate of kelp
The growth of kelp is affected by physical, chemical and biological factors in the environment, wherein water temperature, water flow, water quality and illumination are very close to the growth of kelp, so that the influence of the growth environment of kelp on the survival rate of kelp must be considered.
Considering the four aspects comprehensively, based on the combination of the standardized fully artificial raft culture technology and the proper growth environment of the kelp and the influence analysis of the kelp density obtained in a laboratory on the effect of the kelp on the sea waves, the most reasonable arrangement mode of the kelp application in the practical engineering is found out.
The experiments are described in detail as follows:
(1) Test device
The sea-tangle submerged dike wave-eliminating model consists of a slope submerged dike model, a seedling rope net, a sea-tangle model and the like. Wherein the submerged dike model is fixed at the bottom of the test water tank, and Miao Shengwang clamps the kelp model and fixes the kelp model on the surface of the submerged dike.
The sea-tangle area wave-eliminating model consists of a floater, a sea-tangle model, a cable rope, a seedling rope net, an anchor pile and the like. Wherein: the anchor pile is driven into the underwater bed, one end of the mooring rope is tied on the anchor pile, the other end of the mooring rope is tied on the seedling rope net, the kelp model is tightly clamped on the seedling rope net, and the floater provides buoyancy, so that the whole kelp area wave-eliminating model floats on the water surface.
When the incident wave encounters the kelp submerged dike model, reflection, crushing and other phenomena can occur, part of wave energy can be consumed, the consumed wave energy further consumed after encountering the kelp submerged dike model, the rear water surface is enabled to be more stable, and the original incident wave height is effectively reduced.
(2) Definition of transmittance and kelp Density
The transmission coefficient is an important index for evaluating the wave eliminating effect of the sea-tangle submerged dike and sea-tangle area, and the transmission coefficient K is defined t The method comprises the following steps:
wherein: h i -incident significant wave height;
H t -transmitting an effective wave height;
the kelp density is an important index affecting the sea-tangle wave-eliminating effect, and the kelp density ρ is defined as:
wherein: d, kelp width;
(3) Estimation formula of transmission coefficient based on experimental data fitting
The experiment is divided into two parts, and the transmission coefficient in the first part of kelp submerged dike experiment is related to the relative submerged depth of the submerged dike, the relative dike top width, the kelp density, the submerged dike slope angle and the wave steepness; the transmittance in the experiment of the kelp area behind the second part of dyke is related to the kelp density, the kelp frame length and the wave steepness; comprehensively considering the influence of the factors on the transmission coefficient, the dimensionless formula of the transmission coefficient can be expressed as follows by using regression analysis:
I. the estimated formula of the sea-tangle density of the waves crossing the sea-tangle submerged dike obtained according to the first part of experimental fitting is:
in ρ 1 The density of kelp on the surface of the submerged dike; k (K) t-1 The transmission coefficient of waves passing through the sea-tangle submerged dike; b (B) 1 Is the width of the top of the submerged dike; r is R c Is the distance between the water surface and the top of the submerged dike; h i-1 Is the incident effective wave height; alpha is the angle of the submerged dike slope; s is S op Is wave steep;
g is gravity acceleration; t (T) 1 Is the peak wave period of the incident spectrum;
II, estimating the kelp density of the waves passing through the kelp area after the submerged dike is cut according to the experimental fitting of the second part, wherein the estimated formula is as follows:
in ρ 2 The kelp density is the kelp density in the kelp planting area; k (K) t-2 The transmission coefficient of the wave passing through the sea-tangle area after being cut by the submerged dike; b (B) 2 The length of the kelp frame is the kelp area; h i-2 The effective wave height is the incident wave height of the wave after crossing the submerged dike; t (T) 2 For the period of the spectral peak wave after crossing the submerged dike.
(4) Conclusion(s)
Analysis of the sea-tangle density influence wave-eliminating effect shows that the sea-tangle density is larger, the wave-eliminating effect is better, and when the sea-tangle density is smaller than 1, the sea-tangle has very limited wave-eliminating effect, so that the sea-tangle density range in the experiment is as follows: 1.005-2.010. The submerged dyke of the kelp is in a range of-1.50 to 0 relative to the submerged depth of the dyke top, the wave steep range is 0.01 to 0.06, the width range of the relative dyke top is 1.0 to 8.0, and the gradient range of the submerged dyke is 1.0 to 3.0. The range of the sea-tangle area wave steepness is 0.0496-0.1251, and the range of the relative sea-tangle frame length is 1.88-7.50. If the transmission coefficient of the kelp wave eliminating device needs to be further accurate, the experiment times of the kelp density and wave height need to be increased. In the experimental process, the sea-tangle area has better wave-eliminating effect than the sea-tangle area under the condition of large wave height, which is similar to the observation result of Liu Xiao in the research of the sediment particle flux and the influence factors of the sediment particle flux in the sea area of the black mud bay.
The design method of the ecological submerged dike with the kelp wave-eliminating function comprises the following steps:
s101, acquiring basic data, wherein the basic data comprises: wave height data, width of submerged dike top B 1 Distance R of water surface from the top of submerged dike c Incident effective wave height H i-1 Slope angle alpha of submerged dike; wave steep S op Peak-to-wave period T of incident spectrum 1 Length B of kelp frame in kelp region 2 Incident effective wave height H of wave after crossing submerged dike i-2 Spectral peak wave period T after crossing submerged dike 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein: the wave height data at least comprises wave heights of three parts of a wave facing side and a wave back side of the submerged dike and a wave back side of the kelp planting area;
s102, calculating a transmission coefficient, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: h i Is the incident effective wave height;
H t is the effective wave height of transmission;
s103, according to the density rho of the sea-tangle on the surface of the submerged dike 1 Obtaining the density of the sea-tangle on the surface of the submerged dike according to a calculation formula; according to the density rho of kelp in kelp planting area 2 Obtaining the density of kelp in the kelp planting area according to a calculation formula;
s104, designing the size of a rope net for adhering kelp seedlings on the surface of the submerged dike according to the density of the kelp on the surface of the submerged dike; the size of the buoyant raft is designed according to the density of kelp in the kelp planting area.
Preferably, the kelp density ranges from: 1.005-2.010; the submerged dyke of the kelp is in a range of-1.50 to 0 relative to the submerged depth of the dyke top, the wave steep range is 0.01 to 0.06, the width range of the relative dyke top is 1.0 to 8.0, and the gradient range of the submerged dyke is 1.0 to 3.0; the range of the sea-tangle area wave steepness is 0.0496-0.1251, and the range of the relative sea-tangle frame length is 1.88-7.50.
The design system for realizing the design method comprises the following steps:
the basic data acquisition module, the basic data includes: wave height data, width of submerged dike top B 1 Distance R of water surface from the top of submerged dike c Incident effective wave height H i-1 Slope angle alpha of submerged dike; wave steep S op Peak-to-wave period T of incident spectrum 1 Length B of kelp frame in kelp region 2 Incident effective wave height H of wave after crossing submerged dike i-2 Spectral peak wave period T after crossing submerged dike 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein: the wave height data at least comprises wave heights of three parts of a wave facing side and a wave back side of the submerged dike and a wave back side of the kelp planting area;
the transmission coefficient calculation module comprises the following specific calculation formulas:
wherein: h i Is the incident effective wave height;
H t is the effective wave height of transmission;
the kelp density calculation module is used for calculating the density rho of kelp on the surface of the submerged dike 1 Obtaining the density of the sea-tangle on the surface of the submerged dike according to a calculation formula; according to the density rho of kelp in kelp planting area 2 Obtaining the density of kelp in the kelp planting area according to a calculation formula;
the kelp Miao Shengwang and buoyant raft design module designs the size of a kelp seedling rope net attached to the surface of the submerged dike according to the density of the kelp on the surface of the submerged dike; the size of the buoyant raft is designed according to the density of kelp in the kelp planting area.
Further, the kelp density ranges from: 1.005-2.010; the submerged dyke of the kelp is in a range of-1.50 to 0 relative to the submerged depth of the dyke top, the wave steep range is 0.01 to 0.06, the width range of the relative dyke top is 1.0 to 8.0, and the gradient range of the submerged dyke is 1.0 to 3.0; the range of the sea-tangle area wave steepness is 0.0496-0.1251, and the range of the relative sea-tangle frame length is 1.88-7.50.
Therefore, it can be concluded that the sea tangle cultivation on the surface of the submerged dike and on the back wave side of the submerged dike can effectively reduce wave height, further improve the wave eliminating effect of the submerged dike, and has more obvious reduction effect especially in severe and strong wind weather.
And finally, applying the research result of sea tangle wave elimination to engineering examples, and comparing and analyzing the wave elimination effect of the existing wave elimination measures to verify the practicability of the patent. After a set of complete technical parameters is obtained, the arrangement mode can be optimized on the basis to repair the constructed sea and land construction engineering. Therefore, the patent has wide application prospect.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, but any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An ecological submerged dike with kelp wave-eliminating function, which is characterized in that: the kelp is attached to the surface of the submerged dike; a kelp planting area is arranged on the back wave side of the submerged dike; wherein:
density of the sea-tangle on the surface of the submerged dike
The method comprises the following steps:
wherein:
the density of kelp on the surface of the submerged dike; />
The transmission coefficient of waves passing through the sea-tangle submerged dike; />
Is the width of the top of the submerged dike; />
Is the distance between the water surface and the top of the submerged dike; />
Is the incident effective wave height; />
Is the angle of the submerged dike slope; />
Is wave steep;
；/>
gravitational acceleration; />
Is the peak wave period of the incident spectrum;
density of kelp in the kelp planting area
The method comprises the following steps:
wherein:
the kelp density is the kelp density in the kelp planting area; />
The transmission coefficient of the wave passing through the sea-tangle area after being cut by the submerged dike; />
The length of the kelp frame is the kelp area; />
The effective wave height is the incident wave height of the wave after crossing the submerged dike; />
For the period of the spectral peak wave after crossing the submerged dike.
2. The ecological submerged dike with the kelp wave eliminating function according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the submerged dike is attached with kelp Miao Shengwang; and kelp seedlings are planted on the kelp seedling rope net.
3. The ecological submerged dike with the kelp wave-dissipating function according to claim 2, wherein the kelp planting area comprises a peg or stone weight at the bottom of the water and a floating boom suspended in the water, wherein a plurality of floats are connected to the floating boom, and the floating boom is connected with the peg or stone weight through a peg cable; kelp is planted on the floating boom.
4. An ecological submerged dike with kelp wave-eliminating function according to claim 3, wherein the submerged dike is a slope type single submerged dike.
5. The ecological submerged dike with kelp wave eliminating function according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein wave height meters are arranged on the wave facing side and the back wave side of the submerged dike and the back wave side of the kelp planting area.
6. A method for designing an ecological submerged dike with kelp wave-eliminating function according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising at least the following steps:
s101, acquiring basic data, wherein the basic data comprises: wave height data, width of submerged dike top
Distance of water surface from the top of submerged dike +.>
Incident effective wave height +.>
Angle of submerged dike slope>
The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wave steep->
Incidence spectral peak-wave period->
Length of kelp frame in kelp region>
Incident effective wave height of waves after crossing the submerged dike +.>
Spectral peak wave period after crossing the submerged dike>
The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein: the wave height data at least comprises wave heights of three parts of a wave facing side and a wave back side of the submerged dike and a wave back side of the kelp planting area;
s102, calculating a transmission coefficient, wherein a specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: />
Is the incident effective wave height; />
Is the effective wave height of transmission;
s103, according to the density of the sea-tangle on the surface of the submerged dike
Obtaining the density of the sea-tangle on the surface of the submerged dike according to a calculation formula; according to the density of kelp in kelp planting area>
Obtaining the density of kelp in the kelp planting area according to a calculation formula;
s104, designing the size of a rope net for adhering kelp seedlings on the surface of the submerged dike according to the density of the kelp on the surface of the submerged dike; the size of the buoyant raft is designed according to the density of kelp in the kelp planting area.
7. A design system for realizing the design method of the ecological submerged dike with the kelp wave eliminating function as set forth in claim 6, which is characterized by at least comprising:
the basic data acquisition module, the basic data includes: wave height data, width of submerged dike top
Distance of water surface from the top of submerged dike +.>
Incident effective wave height +.>
Angle of submerged dike slope>
The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wave steep->
Incidence spectral peak-wave period->
Length of kelp frame in kelp region>
Incident effective wave height of waves after crossing the submerged dike +.>
Spectral peak wave period after crossing the submerged dike>
The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein: the wave height data at least comprises wave heights of three parts of a wave facing side and a wave back side of the submerged dike and a wave back side of the kelp planting area;
the transmission coefficient calculation module comprises the following specific calculation formulas:
wherein: />
Is the incident effective wave height; />
Is the effective wave height of transmission;
kelp density calculating module for calculating kelp density according to the surface of submerged dike
Obtaining the density of the sea-tangle on the surface of the submerged dike according to a calculation formula; according to the density of kelp in kelp planting area>
Obtaining the density of kelp in the kelp planting area according to a calculation formula;
the kelp Miao Shengwang and buoyant raft design module designs the size of a kelp seedling rope net attached to the surface of the submerged dike according to the density of the kelp on the surface of the submerged dike; the size of the buoyant raft is designed according to the density of kelp in the kelp planting area.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010002599.8A CN111027130B (en) | 2020-01-02 | 2020-01-02 | Ecological submerged dike with kelp wave-eliminating function, design method and design system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010002599.8A CN111027130B (en) | 2020-01-02 | 2020-01-02 | Ecological submerged dike with kelp wave-eliminating function, design method and design system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111027130A CN111027130A (en) | 2020-04-17 |
| CN111027130B true CN111027130B (en) | 2023-07-14 |
Family
ID=70198210
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010002599.8A Active CN111027130B (en) | 2020-01-02 | 2020-01-02 | Ecological submerged dike with kelp wave-eliminating function, design method and design system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111027130B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112765911B (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-07-01 | 中国海洋大学 | Hydrodynamic characteristic analysis method and device for multiple rows of submerged dikes and electronic equipment |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20140104832A (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2014-08-29 | 제주대학교 산학협력단 | Method for analysis of wave |
| CN105625253A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-06-01 | 中交天津港航勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Repairing method of steep-bank deep-water type lakeside zones |
| CN110184994B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2023-12-01 | 河海大学 | Combined submerged dike structure and manufacturing method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-01-02 CN CN202010002599.8A patent/CN111027130B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111027130A (en) | 2020-04-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Fitri et al. | Evaluation of mangrove rehabilitation project at Carey Island coast, Peninsular Malaysia based on long-term geochemical changes | |
| Carmack et al. | Oceanography of the Canadian Shelf of the Beaufort Sea: a setting for marine life | |
| Plew et al. | Hydrodynamic implications of large offshore mussel farms | |
| Zhu et al. | Aquaculture farms as nature-based coastal protection: Random wave attenuation by suspended and submerged canopies | |
| Yang et al. | Morphological response of tidal marshes, flats and channels of the outer Yangtze River mouth to a major storm | |
| Uehara et al. | Erosion and accretion processes in a muddy dissipative coast, the Chao Phraya River delta, Thailand | |
| JP2002171853A (en) | Apparatus and method for raising marine alga | |
| CN105016472A (en) | Applicaton method of scrap tires in process of steadily converting alga type lake into grass type lake | |
| CN111027130B (en) | Ecological submerged dike with kelp wave-eliminating function, design method and design system | |
| Romano et al. | Impact of Enteromorpha intestinalis mats on near-bed currents and sediment dynamics: flume studies | |
| KR100972333B1 (en) | An artificial bank for restoration of coastal wet land and method for restortation of coastal wet land using the same | |
| CN104429911A (en) | Automatic lifting type algae turf system and artificial algae field establishing method thereof | |
| Horstman et al. | Deposition gradients across mangrove fringes | |
| Martini | Coastal features of Canadian inland seas | |
| Iskander | Environmental friendly methods for the Egyptian coastal protection | |
| CN211427347U (en) | Ecological submerged dike with sea tangle wave eliminating function | |
| KR20100116894A (en) | Flexible vegitation model for preventing beach erosion and method for arrangement of flexible vegitation model | |
| CN112106713A (en) | Semi-suspension type artificial fish reef | |
| Nugroho et al. | The application of semi-submersible geotextile tubes for coastal protection in Pamekasan, Madura | |
| Bruun | Engineering projects in coastal lagoons | |
| CN105191780B (en) | A kind of subtidal zone eelgrass reproduction strain nature accelerating and type of seeding and device | |
| CN215948060U (en) | Coastal erosion prevention and control system | |
| CN213187686U (en) | Semi-suspension type artificial fish reef | |
| Armono | Hemispherical shaped artificial reefs | |
| KR20090069038A (en) | An artificial bank for restoration of coastal wet land and method for restortation of coastal wet land using the same |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |