CN111025740B - Display panel and display device - Google Patents
Display panel and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111025740B CN111025740B CN201911410480.8A CN201911410480A CN111025740B CN 111025740 B CN111025740 B CN 111025740B CN 201911410480 A CN201911410480 A CN 201911410480A CN 111025740 B CN111025740 B CN 111025740B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
- G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
Abstract
The invention discloses a display panel and a display device, wherein the display panel comprises a first polaroid, a liquid crystal display panel and a second polaroid; the display area of the liquid crystal display panel comprises a plurality of sub-pixels; the sub-pixels comprise a first color sub-pixel and a second color sub-pixel; the transmittance of the second color sub-pixel is smaller than that of the first color sub-pixel; the display area comprises a fingerprint identification area, and the fingerprint identification area comprises a plurality of photosensitive units; the photosensitive unit is arranged in the non-opening area of the sub-pixel; the first absorption axis of the first polaroid is arranged along a first direction, the second absorption axis of the second polaroid is arranged along a second direction, and the photosensitive unit is arranged in the non-opening area of the first color sub-pixel along the first direction; or the first absorption axis is arranged along the second direction, the second absorption axis is arranged along the first direction, and the photosensitive unit is arranged in the non-opening area of the second color sub-pixel along the first direction. The technical scheme provided by the invention can solve the problem of low accuracy of fingerprint identification of the liquid crystal display screen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display panel and a display device.
Background
With the rapid development of display technology, display panels with fingerprint recognition function have gradually spread throughout people's lives, and fingerprints are invariant features unique to the human body and distinguishable from others, and are composed of a series of ridges and valleys on the surface of the skin at the finger tip. For a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), the optical fingerprint identification under the LCD realizes the differentiation of the light sensing unit receiving different fingerprint information by the reflectivity difference of the fingerprint valley and the fingerprint ridge to form a fingerprint image.
The existing liquid crystal display screen performs fingerprint identification by using light emitted by pixels as detection light, a fingerprint identification area is matched with a light sensing unit circuit, but the light emitted by the pixels at the setting positions of different light sensing units has certain difference and has certain stray light, so that the light sensing units have certain errors in the detection of fingerprint images, and the accuracy of fingerprint identification is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a display panel and a display device, and aims to solve the problem that the existing liquid crystal display screen is low in accuracy in a fingerprint identification process.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display panel, including: the first polaroid, the liquid crystal display panel and the second polaroid are arranged in sequence from the non-light-emitting side to the light-emitting side; the first absorption axis of the first polaroid is perpendicular to the second absorption axis of the second polaroid;
the display area of the liquid crystal display panel comprises sub-pixels arranged in an array; the sub-pixels comprise at least a first color sub-pixel and a second color sub-pixel; the transmittance of the second color sub-pixel is smaller than that of the first color sub-pixel; the display area comprises a fingerprint identification area, and the fingerprint identification area comprises a plurality of photosensitive units; the sub-pixel includes an open area and a non-open area surrounding the open area; the photosensitive unit is arranged in a non-opening area of the sub-pixel;
the first absorption axis is arranged along a first direction, the second absorption axis is arranged along a second direction, and the photosensitive unit is arranged in a non-opening area of the first color sub-pixel along the first direction; or the first absorption axis is arranged along a second direction, the second absorption axis is arranged along a first direction, and the photosensitive unit is arranged in the non-opening area of the second color sub-pixel along the first direction.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention further provide a display device, where the display device includes the display panel provided in any embodiment of the present invention.
In the invention, the display panel is sequentially provided with a first polaroid, a liquid crystal display panel and a second polaroid from a non-light-emitting side to a light-emitting side, and absorption axes of the two polaroids are mutually vertical. Specifically, the display area of the liquid crystal display panel includes sub-pixels arranged in an array, and the sub-pixels may include sub-pixels of multiple colors, wherein the sub-pixels of multiple colors at least include sub-pixels of a first color and sub-pixels of a second color, and the transmittance of the sub-pixels of the second color is lower than that of the sub-pixels of the first color. Including the fingerprint identification district in the display area, the fingerprint identification district is provided with the sensitization unit, and in this embodiment, the sub-pixel includes the non-opening area of opening area and surrounding opening area, and the sensitization unit can set up in the non-opening area of sub-pixel. The first absorption axis that can set up first polaroid sets up along the first direction, and the absorption axis of second polaroid sets up along the second direction, and polarized light is the strongest at the low-angle internal reflectivity this moment, then in liquid crystal display panel place plane, along the first direction, the sensitization unit set up in the non-open area of first colour sub-pixel, the light that the sub-pixel that the transmissivity is high of being convenient for sent easily reflects to the sensitization unit, carries out high-efficient utilization to the light that the sub-pixel sent, improves the signal strength that the sensitization unit detected. Similarly, when the first absorption axis is arranged along the second direction, the second absorption axis is arranged along the first direction, and the reflectivity of the polarized light is strongest in a large angle, the photosensitive unit is arranged in the non-opening area of the second color sub-pixel along the first direction in the plane where the liquid crystal display panel is located, so that the light emitted by the sub-pixel with high transmissivity is easily reflected to the photosensitive unit. The arrangement enables the light reflected by the sub-pixels with high transmittance to be more incident to the sensing unit, improves the intensity or difference of detection signals of the sensing unit, is convenient for forming bright and dark fingerprint images, and improves the fingerprint identification precision.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a fingerprint identification area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fingerprint identification area of FIG. 3 taken along line a-a';
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of another fingerprint identification area provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fingerprint identification area of FIG. 5 taken along line b-b';
FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of another fingerprint identification area provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of another fingerprint identification area provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of another fingerprint identification area provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view of another fingerprint identification area provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of another display panel provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
The embodiment of the invention provides a display panel, which comprises a first polaroid, a liquid crystal display panel and a second polaroid, wherein the first polaroid, the liquid crystal display panel and the second polaroid are sequentially arranged from a non-light-emitting side to a light-emitting side; the first absorption axis of the first polaroid is vertical to the second absorption axis of the second polaroid;
the display area of the liquid crystal display panel comprises sub-pixels arranged in an array; the sub-pixels at least comprise a first color sub-pixel and a second color sub-pixel; the transmittance of the second color sub-pixel is less than that of the first color sub-pixel; the display area comprises a fingerprint identification area, and the fingerprint identification area comprises a plurality of photosensitive units; the sub-pixel includes an open area and a non-open area surrounding the open area; the photosensitive unit is arranged in the non-opening area of the sub-pixel;
the first absorption axis is arranged along a first direction, the second absorption axis is arranged along a second direction, and the photosensitive unit is arranged in the non-opening area of the first color sub-pixel along the first direction; or the first absorption axis is arranged along the second direction, the second absorption axis is arranged along the first direction, and the photosensitive unit is arranged in the non-opening area of the second color sub-pixel along the first direction.
In the embodiment of the invention, the display panel is sequentially provided with the first polaroid, the liquid crystal display panel and the second polaroid from the non-light-emitting side to the light-emitting side, and the absorption axes of the two polaroids are mutually vertical. Specifically, the display area of the liquid crystal display panel includes sub-pixels arranged in an array, and the sub-pixels may include sub-pixels of multiple colors, wherein the sub-pixels of multiple colors at least include sub-pixels of a first color and sub-pixels of a second color, and the transmittance of the sub-pixels of the second color is lower than that of the sub-pixels of the first color. Including the fingerprint identification district in the display area, the fingerprint identification district is provided with the sensitization unit, and in this embodiment, the sub-pixel includes the non-opening area of opening area and surrounding opening area, and the sensitization unit can set up in the non-opening area of sub-pixel. The first absorption axis that can set up first polaroid sets up along the first direction, and the absorption axis of second polaroid sets up along the second direction, and polarized light is the strongest at the low-angle internal reflectivity this moment, then in liquid crystal display panel place plane, along the first direction, the sensitization unit set up in the non-open area of first colour sub-pixel, the light that the sub-pixel that the transmissivity is high of being convenient for sent easily reflects to the sensitization unit, carries out high-efficient utilization to the light that the sub-pixel sent, improves the signal strength that the sensitization unit detected. Similarly, when the first absorption axis is arranged along the second direction, the second absorption axis is arranged along the first direction, and the reflectivity of the polarized light is strongest in a large angle, the photosensitive unit is arranged in the non-opening area of the second color sub-pixel along the first direction in the plane where the liquid crystal display panel is located, so that the light emitted by the sub-pixel with high transmissivity is easily reflected to the photosensitive unit. The arrangement enables the light reflected by the sub-pixels with high transmittance to be more incident to the sensing unit, improves the intensity or difference of detection signals of the sensing unit, is convenient for forming bright and dark fingerprint images, and improves the fingerprint identification precision.
The above is the core idea of the present invention, and the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative work, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic plan structure view of the display panel according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a non-light-emitting side points to a light-emitting side direction X', the display panel sequentially includes a first polarizer 11, a liquid crystal display panel 12, and a second polarizer 13, and the first polarizer 11 and the second polarizer 13 can effectively prevent external light from entering the liquid crystal display panel 12, prevent the external light from affecting the liquid crystal display panel 12, and improve a display effect of the display panel. The polarizer can convert natural light into polarized light, which is light waves in which the vibration direction of the light vector is not changed or which have a certain regular change, for example, linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light, or the like. The natural light is light with uniform and symmetrical light vector distribution. It is considered that the linearly polarized light is a light component in which natural light vibrates in a certain direction. In this embodiment, the first polarizer 11 and the second polarizer 13 are linear polarizers, and the linear polarizers have absorption axes in a plane where the linear polarizers are located, the absorption axes are perpendicular to a transmission axis of the linear polarizer, and the transmission axis of the linear polarizer is a vibration direction of a light vector. In general, natural light passes through the polarizing plate, and then the emitted light is linearly polarized light that vibrates in a direction along a straight line where the transmission axis is located. In this embodiment, the first absorption axis of the first polarizer 11 and the second absorption axis of the second polarization beam 13 are perpendicular to each other, that is, the first absorption axis of the first polarizer 11 and the second absorption axis of the second polarization beam 13 are perpendicular to each other, which is beneficial to preventing external light from entering the liquid crystal display panel 12 and enhancing the display effect of the panel.
With continued reference to fig. 2, in order to facilitate the arrangement of the positions of the sub-pixels and the positions of the photosensitive units of the display panel, fig. 2 only shows the planar structure of the liquid crystal display panel 12, and does not show the second polarizer, the display area 121 of the liquid crystal display panel 12 includes sub-pixels 122 arranged in an array, and in this embodiment, includes sub-pixels 122 with different colors. The present embodiment at least includes a first color sub-pixel 122a and a second color sub-pixel 122b, and the transmittance of the first color sub-pixel 122a is greater than that of the second color sub-pixel 122 b. The transmittance of the sub-pixel 122 refers to a ratio of a light transmittance of an opening area per unit area to a total light emission, and factors such as a light emitting material and a light wavelength of the sub-pixel 122 cause a certain difference in transmittance of the sub-pixels 122 of different colors. In this embodiment, besides the first color sub-pixel 122a and the second color sub-pixel 122b, the color display device may further include sub-pixels 122 of other colors, which is not limited in this embodiment. The display area 121 includes a fingerprint identification area 123, the fingerprint identification area 123 is provided with a plurality of photosensitive units 124, the photosensitive units 124 can be used for detecting light intensity signals incident to the photosensitive units 124, the display panel can collect and analyze the light intensity signals of the photosensitive units 124, and a fingerprint identification image is simulated to complete a fingerprint identification process. Referring to fig. 2, each sub-pixel 122 includes an open area 1221 and a non-open area 1222 surrounding the open area 1221, and the light sensing unit 124 is much smaller than the sub-pixel 122, so that the light sensing unit 124 can be disposed in the non-open area 1222. It should be noted that the position and the percentage of the fingerprint identification area 123 of the display area 121 may be set according to the user's requirement, and optionally, the entire display area 121 may be the fingerprint identification area 123. That is, the proportion of the fingerprint identification area 123 in the display area 121 is 100%, that is, all the display areas 121 are provided with the photosensitive units 124, so that full-screen fingerprint display is realized, a user can realize fingerprint identification by randomly touching any part of the display area 121, and does not need to search a specific area for touch identification, and the user experience is improved.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, fig. 3 is a schematic plane structure diagram of a fingerprint identification area according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fingerprint identification area along a line a-a' in fig. 3, as shown in fig. 3, a first direction X and a second direction Y may be set in this embodiment, and the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other, and in this embodiment, a first absorption axis of the first polarizer 11 may be set in the first direction X, and a second absorption axis of the second polarizer 13 may be set in the second direction Y, and referring to fig. 4, optionally, the liquid crystal display panel 12 may include: a base substrate 12a, the base substrate 12a being disposed adjacent to the first polarizer 11; a color film substrate 12c, wherein the color film substrate 12c is arranged on one side of the substrate 12a close to the second polarizer 13; and the liquid crystal layer 12b is arranged between the substrate 12a and the color film substrate 12c, and the liquid crystal layer 12b is arranged between the substrate 12a and the color film substrate 12 c. A driving circuit layer (not shown in fig. 4) is disposed on the substrate 12a, and is disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the sub-pixels 122 on the color filter substrate 12c, and is used for driving the regions of the liquid crystal layer 12b covered by the sub-pixels 122 to transmit light, so that the backlight can emit light through the sub-pixels 122. As shown in fig. 4, the photosensitive unit 124 of this embodiment may be disposed on the substrate 12a, or the photosensitive unit 124 may also be disposed on a color filter substrate, and the specific position of the photosensitive unit 124 is not limited in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the natural light output by the backlight source can be decomposed, a cross section of the display panel along the first direction X is referred to as a first cross section, that is, a plane shown in fig. 4, specifically, the natural light is divided into two components parallel to the first cross section and perpendicular to the first cross section, a component parallel to the first cross section is referred to as parallel light (i.e., P wave), a component perpendicular to the first cross section is referred to as perpendicular light (i.e., S wave), and the P wave and the S wave are both linearly polarized light. The vibration plane of the P wave is a first section, and the vibration plane of the S wave is a plane perpendicular to the first section. Since the first absorption axis of the first polarizer 11 is arranged along the first direction X, the transmission axis of the first polarizer 11 is arranged along the second direction Y, the backlight source forms an S wave after passing through the first polarizer 11, referring to fig. 4, the P wave is illustrated by a "line segment" in fig. 4, the S wave is illustrated by a "point perpendicular to the first cross section", the liquid crystal layer 12b is equivalent to a half wave plate, and can change most of the S wave into the P wave, and then the P wave passes through the second polarizer 13, the display panel only transmits the P wave, and then the P wave passes through the cover glass 14, and is reflected by the user finger end to enter the cover glass 14 again, the linearly polarized light incident to the photosensitive unit 124 is the P wave, as can be known from the formula, as the fresnel reflection angle increases, the reflection intensity of the P wave decreases, that is to say, when the reflected light is the P wave, the reflection of a small angle is strongest, the photosensitive unit 124 needs to be arranged within a small angle range of the reflected light, in the direction perpendicular to the display panel, the light sensing unit 124 is disposed in the non-opening area 1222 of the first color sub-pixel 122a, because the transmittance of the first color sub-pixel 122a is greater than that of the second color sub-pixel 122b, the light sensing unit 124 needs to be disposed close to the first color sub-pixel 122a, so that the light sensing unit 124 is disposed in a smaller reflection angle of the light emitted by the first color sub-pixel 122a, and the light sensing unit 124 obtains a stronger detection signal, thereby improving the fingerprint identification accuracy. The first color sub-pixel 122a may be the sub-pixel 122 with the highest transmittance among all the color sub-pixels 122 on the display panel, and when the light sensing unit 124 is disposed in the non-opening area 1222 of the first color sub-pixel 122a, the light sensing unit 124 obtains the strongest detection signal, and the fingerprint identification precision is maintained at a high state. In addition, the intensity of light detected by the light sensing units 124 is also related to the sensitivity of the light sensing units 124, and the light sensitivity of different light sensing units 124 to different color light is different, in this embodiment, the light sensing units 124 may be disposed in the non-opening regions 1222 of the sub-pixels 122 with the color having the strong light sensitivity when the first absorption axis is disposed along the first direction X and the second absorption axis is disposed along the second direction Y.
Fig. 5 is a schematic plane structure of another fingerprint identification area provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fingerprint identification area along a line b-b' in fig. 5, and similarly, in this embodiment, a first absorption axis of the first polarizer 11 is arranged along the second direction X, and a second absorption axis of the second polarizer 13 is arranged along the first direction X, as shown in fig. 6, a P wave is indicated by a "line segment" in fig. 6, and an S wave is indicated by a "point perpendicular to the first cross-section", because the first absorption axis of the first polarizer 11 is arranged along the second direction Y, a transmission axis of the first polarizer 11 is arranged along the first direction X, a backlight passes through the first polarizer 11 to form a P wave, the liquid crystal layer 12b is equivalent to a half wave plate, and can convert most of the P wave into the S wave, and then passes through the second polarizer 13, the display panel only transmits the S wave, and then passes through the cover glass 14, and the S wave reflected by the user' S finger enters the cover glass 14 again, the linearly polarized light incident to the photosensitive unit 124 is an S wave, and according to the fresnel formula, as the reflection angle increases, the reflection intensity of the S wave increases on the contrary, that is, when the reflected light is an S wave, the reflection of the large angle is strongest, the photosensitive unit 124 needs to be disposed in the large angle range of the reflected light, in the direction perpendicular to the display panel, the photosensitive unit 124 is disposed in the non-opening area 1222 of the second color sub-pixel 122b, because the second color sub-pixel 122b is a sub-pixel 122 having a transmittance smaller than that of the first color sub-pixel 122a, the photosensitive unit 124 is disposed close to the second color sub-pixel 122b, so that the photosensitive unit 124 is far away from the first color sub-pixel 122a, and the light reflected by the first color sub-pixel 122a through the large angle can be incident to the photosensitive unit 124, so that the photosensitive unit 124 can obtain a stronger detection signal to improve the fingerprint identification accuracy. It should be noted that the second color sub-pixel 122b is a sub-pixel 122 with a transmittance lower than that of any one of the first color sub-pixels 122a, and the specific color of the second color sub-pixel 122b is not limited in this embodiment. Similarly, in the present embodiment, the first color sub-pixel 122a may be the sub-pixel 122 with the highest transmittance among all the color sub-pixels 122 on the display panel. In addition, in the present embodiment, the photosensitive unit 124 may be disposed in the non-opening area 1222 of the sub-pixel 122 of a color whose light sensitivity is weak when the first absorption axis is disposed in the second direction Y and the second absorption axis is disposed in the first direction X.
With continued reference to fig. 3 and 5, the display area may optionally include red, blue and green sub-pixels R, B and G; the first color sub-pixel 122a may be a green sub-pixel G; the second color sub-pixel 122b may be a blue sub-pixel or a red sub-pixel. The display area in this embodiment may include sub-pixels of three colors: red sub-pixel R, blue sub-pixel B and green sub-pixel G. Among the sub-pixels of the above colors, the green sub-pixel G, the red sub-pixel R, and the blue sub-pixel B have respective transmittance values that vary from high to low. The present embodiment uses the green sub-pixel G as the first color sub-pixel 122a and one of the red sub-pixel R and the blue sub-pixel B as the second color sub-pixel 122B. For example, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, a blue sub-pixel B may be selected as the second color sub-pixel 122B, which is not limited in the present embodiment. The arrangement of the first color sub-pixel 122a and the second color sub-pixel 122b is beneficial to enhancing the intensity of light incident to the light sensing unit 124, and improving the fingerprint identification precision.
Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view illustrating another fingerprint identification area according to an embodiment of the present invention, and optionally, the display area may include a red sub-pixel R, a blue sub-pixel B, a green sub-pixel G, and a white sub-pixel W; the first color sub-pixel 122a may be a white sub-pixel W or a green sub-pixel G; the second color sub-pixel 122B may be a red sub-pixel R or a blue sub-pixel B. The display area in this embodiment may further include sub-pixels of four colors: red subpixel R, blue subpixel B, green subpixel G, and white subpixel W. Among the sub-pixels of the above colors, the white sub-pixel W, the green sub-pixel G, the red sub-pixel R, and the blue sub-pixel B have a high transmittance in order from low to high. The present embodiment uses the white subpixel W or the green subpixel G as the first color subpixel 122a, and one of the red subpixel R and the blue subpixel B as the second color subpixel 122B. The transmittance of the red sub-pixel R or the blue sub-pixel B is lower than that of the other sub-pixels 122, and the second color sub-pixel 122B may be selected from the red sub-pixel R or the blue sub-pixel B, for example, as shown in fig. 7, the blue sub-pixel B with the lowest transmittance may be selected as the second color sub-pixel 122B.
With continued reference to fig. 5 and 7, alternatively, the display area of the liquid crystal display panel may include a plurality of sub-pixel columns 125 sequentially arranged along the first direction X; each sub-pixel column 125 includes a plurality of sub-pixels 122 sequentially arranged in the second direction Y; the photosensitive unit 124 is disposed in the non-opening area 1222 at a side of the sub-pixel 122 close to the gap area between two adjacent sub-pixel columns 125.
In this embodiment, the plurality of sub-pixels 122 sequentially arranged along the second direction Y may be defined as a sub-pixel column 125, and the plurality of sub-pixel columns 125 are sequentially arranged along the first direction X to form the sub-pixels 122 of the array. The non-opening area 1222 of the sub-pixel 122 is disposed around the opening area 1221, and the photosensitive unit 124 can be disposed on any position of the non-opening area 1222 around the opening area 1221, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the disposition of the photosensitive unit 124 and simplify the manufacturing process, the photosensitive unit 124 is disposed on one or more fixed sides corresponding to the opening area 1221. Illustratively, as shown in fig. 5 and 7, the photosensitive unit 124 is disposed between two adjacent sub-pixel columns 125, that is, the photosensitive unit 124 is disposed in the non-opening area 1222 at a side of the sub-pixel 122 close to the gap area between two adjacent sub-pixel columns 125.
Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of another fingerprint identification area provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and optionally, at least two sub-pixels 122 with different colors may form a first pixel unit 126 a; the first pixel unit 126a at least includes a first sub-pixel unit 126b and a second sub-pixel unit 126 c; the second sub-pixel unit 126c has sub-pixels with different colors from the first sub-pixel unit 126 b; in the display phase, at least one sub-pixel is multiplexed between the first sub-pixel unit 126b and the second sub-pixel unit 126c for display.
In this embodiment, a Pixel Rendering (SPR) technique may be employed to improve the PPI display of the display panel, improve the Pixel resolution, and improve the image display effect. Specifically, in this example, a combination of at least two sub-pixels 122 of different colors constitutes one first pixel unit 126a, the first pixel unit 126a includes at least two different sub-pixel combination states, the first pixel unit 126a can be divided into a plurality of different types of first pixel units 126a according to the sub-pixel combination states, in this embodiment, the first pixel unit 126a includes at least two forms of a first sub-pixel unit 126b and a second sub-pixel unit 126c, and the sub-pixels 122 of different colors exist in the first sub-pixel unit 126b and the second sub-pixel unit 126 c. For example, the first sub-pixel unit 126B may include a red sub-pixel R and a green sub-pixel G, and the second sub-pixel unit 126c may include a blue sub-pixel B and a red sub-pixel R, so that sub-pixels with different colors exist between the first sub-pixel unit 126B and the second sub-pixel unit 126c, and when displaying, the first sub-pixel unit 126B and the second sub-pixel unit 126c multiplex the blue sub-pixel B and the green sub-pixel G, that is, when displaying, the first sub-pixel unit 126B uses the blue sub-pixel B of the second sub-pixel unit 126c to form a complete pixel group for displaying, and when displaying, the second sub-pixel unit 126c uses the green sub-pixel G of the first sub-pixel unit 126B to form a complete pixel group for displaying. Each pixel group serves as a basic display unit and includes sub-pixels of all colors on the display panel, and as shown in fig. 8, if the display area includes a red sub-pixel R, a green sub-pixel G, and a blue sub-pixel B, the pixel group includes the red sub-pixel R, the green sub-pixel G, and the blue sub-pixel B.
In the present embodiment, each first pixel unit 126a includes two sub-pixels 122, and by multiplexing the functions of the sub-pixels 122 to form pixel groups, respectively, the number of sub-pixels 122 to be set can be reduced while maintaining the same display resolution. When the photosensitive unit 124 is disposed in the display area, the aperture ratio of the display panel is affected, and particularly, when the entire display area is used as the fingerprint recognition area 123, the aperture ratio is reduced. In this example, by using the pixel rendering technology, the number of the sub-pixels 122 can be reduced and the size of the sub-pixels 122 can be increased on the premise of ensuring the display resolution, so that the size of the open area 1221 can be increased, and therefore, the aperture ratio can be increased and the difficulty in manufacturing the process can be reduced under the condition of the same routing occupation ratio.
Optionally, the size of the sub-pixel 122 may be in a range of 15-60 μm. Comparing the sub-pixels 122 in fig. 7 and 8, assuming that fig. 7 and 8 show the display regions with the same area, along the second direction Y, the size d1 occupied by three adjacent sub-pixels 122 in fig. 7 is the same as the size d2 occupied by two adjacent sub-pixels 122 in fig. 8, along the second direction Y, the size of the sub-pixel 122 in fig. 8 is 1.5 times the size of the sub-pixel 122 in fig. 7, and generally, along the second direction Y, i.e. the width direction of the sub-pixel 122, the size of the sub-pixel 122 is 10 μm to 40 μm, the size range of the sub-pixel 122 in this embodiment may be 15 μm to 60 μm, and optionally, in this embodiment, the size range of the sub-pixel 122 along any direction in the plane of the display panel may be 15 μm to 60 μm. In this embodiment, while maintaining a larger display resolution, the number of the sub-pixels 122 is reduced, the size of the sub-pixels 122 is increased, and the process difficulty is reduced.
With continued reference to fig. 8, alternatively, the sub-pixels 122 of the same color between each two adjacent sub-pixel columns 125 may be arranged in a staggered manner along the second direction Y. The sub-pixels 122 with the same color between two adjacent sub-pixel columns 125 are arranged in a staggered manner, and two adjacent sub-pixels 122 are not sub-pixels with the same color along the first direction X, so that the display uniformity is conveniently realized. In addition, referring to fig. 8, there may be a sharing of the sub-pixels 122 between the first pixel units 126a between the two sub-pixel columns 125 arranged in a staggered manner, so as to further increase the display resolution. For example, the second sub-pixel unit 126c of the current sub-pixel column 125 may be multiplexed with the second sub-pixel unit 126b in the next sub-pixel column 125 to increase the display resolution, so as to further increase the size of the sub-pixel 122 and improve the aperture ratio of the display panel.
Fig. 8 only shows a misalignment arrangement of two adjacent sub-pixel columns 125, which may also include other arrangement situations in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic plan structure diagram of another fingerprint identification area provided in the embodiment of the present invention, in fig. 9, a first pixel unit 126a includes a first sub-pixel unit 126B and a second sub-pixel unit 126c, the first sub-pixel unit 126B includes a red sub-pixel R and a green sub-pixel G, the second sub-pixel unit 126c includes a blue sub-pixel B and a green sub-pixel G, in a display stage, the first sub-pixel unit 126B multiplexes the blue sub-pixel B of the second sub-pixel unit 126c, and the second sub-pixel unit 126c multiplexes the red sub-pixel R of the first sub-pixel unit 126B. It should be noted that, compared to the sub-pixel arrangement shown in fig. 8, the sub-pixel arrangement shown in fig. 9 has a larger number of green sub-pixels B, which can further increase the intensity of the detection signal of the light sensing unit 124 and improve the fingerprint identification accuracy. Referring to fig. 7 and 8, when the first absorption axis is disposed in the first direction X and the second absorption axis is disposed in the second direction Y, the present embodiment disposes the photosensitive unit 124 in the non-opening area 1222 of the green sub-pixel G.
Fig. 10 is a schematic plan view of another fingerprint identification area provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and the sub-pixel 122 may further include a red sub-pixel R, a blue sub-pixel B, a green sub-pixel G, and a white sub-pixel W. The first pixel unit 126a in fig. 10 includes a first sub-pixel unit 126B and a second sub-pixel unit 126c, the first sub-pixel unit 126B includes a red sub-pixel R, a green sub-pixel G, and a blue sub-pixel B, the second sub-pixel unit 126c includes a white sub-pixel W, a red sub-pixel R, and a green sub-pixel G, the first sub-pixel unit 126B multiplexes the white sub-pixel W of the second sub-pixel unit 126c, and the second sub-pixel unit 126c multiplexes the blue sub-pixel B of the first sub-pixel unit 126B in the display phase. Referring to fig. 10, the present embodiment disposes the photosensitive unit 124 in the non-opening area 1222 of the green sub-pixel G when the first absorption axis is disposed in the first direction X and the second absorption axis is disposed in the second direction Y.
Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the invention, and optionally, a light shielding layer 15 may be disposed in a non-opening area 1222 of a sub-pixel 122 and a gap area between two adjacent sub-pixels 122 in a plane of the liquid crystal display panel 12; the shading layer 15 is arranged on the color film substrate 12c and/or the substrate 12 a; the light-shielding layer 15 is provided with alignment holes 151, and the orthographic projection of the photosensitive unit 124 on the plane of the substrate 12a at least partially overlaps the orthographic projection of the corresponding alignment hole 152 on the substrate.
In order to reduce stray light in the fingerprint identification process, in this embodiment, at least one light-shielding layer 15 may be further disposed, and the light-shielding layer 15 is dug to form a collimating hole 151, so as to obtain light within a set reflection angle, thereby improving the accuracy of fingerprint identification. In this embodiment, the light-shielding layers 15 are disposed in the regions between adjacent sub-pixels 122 and the non-opening regions 1222 of the sub-pixels 122, in this embodiment, a plurality of light-shielding layers 15 are disposed, the plurality of light-shielding layers 15 form the alignment holes 151 corresponding to the light-sensing units 124 one by one, an overlapping portion exists between the orthographic projection of the light-sensing units 124 on the plane of the substrate 12a and the orthographic projection of the corresponding alignment holes 152 on the substrate, so that the light reflected by the finger ends can enter the corresponding light-sensing units 124 through the alignment holes 152, and the light-shielding layers 15 may be disposed on the color film substrate 12c, or may be disposed on the substrate 12a, or may be disposed on a portion of the color film substrate 12c, and a portion of the film is disposed on the substrate 12a, for example, as shown in fig. 11, 3 light-shielding layers 15 may be disposed, where two layers are disposed on the side of the color film substrate 12c close to the liquid crystal layer 12b, one layer is disposed on the side of the substrate 12a adjacent to the liquid crystal layer 12 b. In this embodiment, the number of the light-shielding layers 15 and the position of the light-shielding layers are not limited. As shown in fig. 11, the substrate base plate 12a is provided with sensing circuits 127 corresponding to the light sensing units 124 one by one, for outputting fingerprint identification signals detected by the corresponding light sensing units 124.
The embodiment of the invention also provides the electronic equipment. Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 12, the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the display panel 1 according to any embodiment of the present invention, and has technical features and technical effects of the display panel 1 according to any embodiment of the present invention. The display device may be a mobile phone as shown in fig. 12, or may be a computer, a television, an intelligent wearable device, and the like, which is not particularly limited in this embodiment.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A display panel is characterized by comprising a first polaroid, a liquid crystal display panel and a second polaroid which are sequentially arranged from a non-light-emitting side to a light-emitting side; the first absorption axis of the first polaroid is perpendicular to the second absorption axis of the second polaroid;
the display area of the liquid crystal display panel comprises sub-pixels arranged in an array; the sub-pixels comprise at least a first color sub-pixel and a second color sub-pixel; the transmittance of the second color sub-pixel is less than that of the first color sub-pixel; the display area comprises a fingerprint identification area, and the fingerprint identification area comprises a plurality of photosensitive units; the sub-pixel includes an open area and a non-open area surrounding the open area; the photosensitive unit is arranged in a non-opening area of the sub-pixel;
the first absorption axis is arranged along a first direction, the second absorption axis is arranged along a second direction, and the photosensitive unit is arranged in a non-opening area of the first color sub-pixel along the first direction; or the first absorption axis is arranged along a second direction, the second absorption axis is arranged along a first direction, and the photosensitive unit is arranged in the non-opening area of the second color sub-pixel along the first direction.
2. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the display area comprises red, blue, and green sub-pixels;
the first color sub-pixel is a green sub-pixel; the second color sub-pixel is a blue sub-pixel or a red sub-pixel.
3. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the display area includes a red sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, and a white sub-pixel;
the first color sub-pixel is a white sub-pixel or a green sub-pixel; the second color sub-pixel is a red sub-pixel or a blue sub-pixel.
4. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the display area of the liquid crystal display panel comprises a plurality of sub-pixel columns sequentially arranged along a first direction; each sub-pixel column comprises a plurality of sub-pixels which are sequentially arranged along a second direction;
the photosensitive unit is arranged in a non-opening area on one side of the sub-pixel close to a gap area between two adjacent sub-pixel columns.
5. The display panel of claim 4, wherein the sub-pixels of the same color between each two adjacent sub-pixel columns are arranged in a staggered manner along the second direction.
6. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein at least two sub-pixels of different colors constitute a first pixel unit; the first pixel unit at least comprises a first sub-pixel unit and a second sub-pixel unit; the second sub-pixel unit has sub-pixels with different colors from the first sub-pixel unit;
in the display stage, at least one sub-pixel is multiplexed between the first sub-pixel unit and the second sub-pixel unit for display.
7. The display panel according to claim 6, wherein the sub-pixels have a size ranging from 15 to 60 μm.
8. The display panel according to claim 6, wherein the entire display area is a fingerprint identification area.
9. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display panel comprises:
the substrate base plate is close to the first polarizer;
the color film substrate is arranged on one side, close to the second polarizer, of the substrate;
the liquid crystal layer is arranged between the substrate and the color film substrate;
wherein, the photosensitive unit is arranged on the substrate base plate.
10. The display panel according to claim 9, wherein a light-shielding layer is provided in a non-opening area of the sub-pixel and a gap area between two adjacent sub-pixels in a plane of the liquid crystal display panel; the shading layer is arranged on the color film substrate and/or the substrate;
the light shielding layer is provided with a collimation hole, and the orthographic projection of the photosensitive unit on the plane of the substrate base plate is at least partially overlapped with the orthographic projection of the corresponding collimation hole on the substrate base plate.
11. A display device characterized by comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
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| CN113449575B (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2022-08-05 | 重庆康佳光电技术研究院有限公司 | Display back plate, display panel, manufacturing method of display back plate and terminal |
| CN112216217B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2022-10-04 | 厦门天马微电子有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
| CN113093420A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-07-09 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
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