CN111025616B - Ultrashort conjugate distance microscope lens optical system and microscope - Google Patents
Ultrashort conjugate distance microscope lens optical system and microscope Download PDFInfo
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- CN111025616B CN111025616B CN201911263404.9A CN201911263404A CN111025616B CN 111025616 B CN111025616 B CN 111025616B CN 201911263404 A CN201911263404 A CN 201911263404A CN 111025616 B CN111025616 B CN 111025616B
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010010071 Coma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000009310 astigmatism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/02—Objectives
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/36—Microscopes arranged for photographic purposes or projection purposes or digital imaging or video purposes including associated control and data processing arrangements
- G02B21/361—Optical details, e.g. image relay to the camera or image sensor
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-short conjugate distance microscope optical system and a microscope, comprising the following components sequentially arranged from an image side to an object side and positioned on the same optical axis: the photosensitive chip is used for capturing imaging signals; a first lens having negative optical power and disposed at a distance from the photosensitive chip; a diaphragm disposed at a distance from the first lens and configured to limit a beam aperture; a second lens having positive optical power and disposed at an interval from the diaphragm; a third lens having negative optical power and cemented with the second lens; and a fourth lens having positive optical power and disposed at a distance from the third lens. The invention realizes the conjugate distance of the ultra-short object image by arranging the lens combinations with different structures and reasonably distributing the focal power of each lens, is beneficial to the miniaturization of finished instruments, can realize high resolution and high magnification, and can be matched with 500 ten thousand pixel chips.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical lenses, in particular to an ultra-short conjugate distance microscope lens optical system and a microscope.
Background
The traditional microscope consists of an objective lens and an ocular lens, the whole microscope has heavy mass and large volume, is only suitable for being used in indoor fixed places, cannot meet the requirement of frequent movement, and is a portable microscope. The current portable microscope mainly comprises a microscopic amplifying lens and a camera, can greatly reduce the volume of the whole microscope, is convenient to carry and has high maneuverability, and is particularly suitable for the field of medical blood cell analysis. However, in the products appearing in the market at present, the object-image conjugate distance of the whole optical system basically exceeds 100mm, and even reaches about 160 mm; or on the premise of meeting the conjugate distance requirement, the magnification and definition are sacrificed, and the magnification is generally within 10X.
Thus, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides an ultra-short conjugate distance microscope optical system and a microscope, which can realize the ultra-short object image conjugate distance of the microscope and the microscope under the condition of ensuring the magnification and the definition.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, an optical system of an ultrashort conjugate distance microscope lens includes: the photosensitive chip is used for capturing imaging signals; a first lens having negative optical power and disposed at a distance from the photosensitive chip; a diaphragm disposed at a distance from the first lens and configured to limit a beam aperture; a second lens having positive optical power and disposed at an interval from the diaphragm; a third lens having negative optical power and cemented with the second lens; and a fourth lens having positive optical power and disposed at a distance from the third lens.
The ultra-short conjugate distance micro lens optical system provided by the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the invention realizes the conjugate distance (65.7 mm) of the ultra-short object image by arranging the lens combinations with different structures and reasonably distributing the focal power of each lens, is beneficial to the miniaturization of finished instruments, can realize high resolution and high magnification, and can be matched with 500 ten thousand pixel chips.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a surface of the first lens facing the image side is a convex surface, and a surface facing the object side is a concave surface; both surfaces of the second lens are convex surfaces; the surface of the third lens facing the image side is a concave surface, and the surface facing the object side is a convex surface; the surface of the fourth lens facing the image side is a convex surface, and the surface facing the object side is a concave surface.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the optical system satisfies the following relation:
-15<f1/f<-10；
1<f2-3/f<4；
-1<f2/f3<0；
1<f4/f<2.5；
25<TL/f<30；
Wherein f is a focal length of the optical system, f 1 is a focal length of the first lens, f 2 is a focal length of the second lens, f 3 is a focal length of the third lens, f 2-3 is a combined focal length of the second lens and the third lens, f 4 is a focal length of the fourth lens, and TL is an overall length of the optical system.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the optical system satisfies the following relation:
Nd1>1.8；
|Nd2-Nd3|>0.2；
Nd4>1.8；
Wherein Nd 1 is the refractive index of the first lens, nd 2 is the refractive index of the second lens, nd 3 is the refractive index of the third lens, and Nd 4 is the refractive index of the fourth lens.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the optical system satisfies the following relation:
Vd1<25；
|Vd2-Vd3|>25；
Vd4<50；
Where Vd 1 is the Abbe number of the first lens, vd 2 is the Abbe number of the second lens, vd 3 is the Abbe number of the third lens, and Vd 4 is the Abbe number of the fourth lens.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the optical system satisfies the following relation:
0.4<A01/TL<0.7；
0.15<A1S+AS2<0.3；
4<A1S/AS2<7；
Wherein, a 01 is the air spacing distance between the photosensitive chip and the first lens, a 1S is the air spacing distance between the first lens and the diaphragm, a S2 is the air spacing distance between the diaphragm and the second lens, and TL is the total length of the optical system.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first lens, the second lens, the third lens and the fourth lens are all glass spherical lenses.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the image space numerical aperture na=0.391 of the optical system.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a protective glass is arranged between the photosensitive chip and the first lens, and a cover glass is arranged behind the fourth lens.
An ultra-short conjugate distance microscope according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes a lens barrel and the ultra-short conjugate distance microscope lens optical system installed in the lens barrel.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an MTF curve of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diffuse speckle pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
The optical lens comprises a photosensitive chip 1, a protective glass 2, a first lens 3, a diaphragm 4, a second lens 5, a third lens 6, a fourth lens 7 and a cover glass 8.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
Referring to FIG. 1, an optical system of an ultra-short conjugate distance microscope according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes
A photosensitive chip 1 for capturing an imaging signal; wherein, the photosensitive chip 1 can adopt CCD (charge coupled) or CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor);
a first lens 3 having negative optical power and disposed at a distance from the photosensitive chip 1;
A diaphragm 4 disposed at a distance from the first lens 3 and configured to limit a beam aperture;
a second lens 5 having positive optical power and disposed at a distance from the diaphragm 4;
A third lens 6 having negative optical power and glued together with the second lens 5;
A fourth lens 7 having positive optical power and disposed at a distance from the third lens 6.
According to the ultra-short conjugate distance microscope optical system, through arranging lens combinations with different structures and reasonably distributing the focal power of each lens, the ultra-short object image conjugate distance is realized, the miniaturization of a finished product instrument is facilitated, high resolution and high magnification can be realized, and 500 ten thousand pixel chips can be matched.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a surface of the first lens 3 facing the image side is a convex surface, and a surface facing the object side is a concave surface; both surfaces of the second lens 5 are convex; the surface of the third lens 6 facing the image side is a concave surface, and the surface facing the object side is a convex surface; the surface of the fourth lens 7 facing the image side is convex, and the surface facing the object side is concave.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the invention, the optical system satisfies the following relationship:
-15<f1/f<-10；
1<f2-3/f<4；
-1<f2/f3<0；
1<f4/f<2.5；
25<TL/f<30；
Wherein f is the focal length of the optical system, f 1 is the focal length of the first lens 3, f 2 is the focal length of the second lens 5, f 3 is the focal length of the third lens 6, f 2-3 is the combined focal length of the second lens 5 and the third lens 6, f 4 is the focal length of the fourth lens 7, and TL is the overall length of the optical system.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the object plane of the microscope is smaller in size, and the object plane is received by the chip after being imaged and magnified by the system, so that the track direction of the light is from right to left in practical use.
The focal power of each lens in the optical system of the microscope has reasonable distribution proportion, the second lens 5, the third lens 6 and the fourth lens 7 act together to ensure image quality, the height of light rays is controlled by the first lens 3, the height of an image surface with larger size is achieved in a shorter interval distance, and the image surface is received by the photosensitive chip 1, so that the ultra-short conjugate distance can be realized, and meanwhile, the realization of high magnification is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the invention, the optical system satisfies the following relationship:
Nd1>1.8；
|Nd2-Nd3|>0.2；
Nd4>1.8；
Where Nd 1 is the refractive index of the first lens 3, nd 2 is the refractive index of the second lens 5, nd 3 is the refractive index of the third lens 6, and Nd 4 is the refractive index of the fourth lens 7.
In this embodiment, the lenses are made of materials with reasonable refractive indexes, and particularly, the first lens 3 and the fourth lens 7 are made of materials with high refractive indexes, so that light rays from the right side can reach the corresponding height of the image plane within a short distance. Is beneficial to realizing ultra-short conjugate distance and high magnification.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first lens 3, the second lens 5, the third lens 6, and the fourth lens 7 are all glass spherical lenses.
In some embodiments of the invention, only 4 glass spherical lenses are adopted, the structural form is simple, the processing difficulty is greatly reduced, the storage is easy, and the production cost of the lens is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the invention, the optical system satisfies the following relationship:
Vd1<25；
|Vd2-Vd3|>25；
Vd4<50；
Where Vd 1 is the abbe number of the first lens 3, vd 2 is the abbe number of the second lens 5, vd 3 is the abbe number of the third lens 6, and Vd 4 is the abbe number of the fourth lens 7.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the lenses are made of materials with reasonable abbe numbers, especially the abbe numbers of the second lens 5 and the third lens 6 are matched with each other, which is beneficial to eliminating chromatic aberration of the system, providing high-resolution color images, and ensuring imaging effect under high magnification.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the optical system satisfies the following relationship:
0.4<A01/TL<0.7；
0.15<A1S+AS2<0.3；
4<A1S/AS2<7；
Wherein a 01 is the air spacing distance between the photosensitive chip 1 and the first lens 3, a 1S is the air spacing distance between the first lens 3 and the diaphragm 4, a S2 is the air spacing distance between the diaphragm 4 and the second lens 5, and TL is the overall length of the optical system.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first lens 3 is located at a position between the photosensitive chip 1 and the second lens 5 in a reasonable proportion, which is beneficial to realizing the conjugate distance of the ultra-short object image; the diaphragm 4 is positioned at a position of reasonable proportion between the first lens 3 and the second lens 5, so that coma aberration and astigmatism of the system are forcefully corrected, high-resolution imaging is realized, and further, the imaging effect under high magnification can be ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the invention, the optical system has an image space numerical aperture na=0.391.
In this embodiment, the designed image space corresponds to the actual object space, i.e. the actual object space na=0.391, and a sufficiently large numerical aperture can ensure a sufficiently high resolution, and in this embodiment, the minimum resolution distance of the optical system is 0.6um, and still a high-definition image can be obtained under a high magnification.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, a cover glass 2 is disposed between the photosensitive chip 1 and the first lens 3, and a cover glass 8 is disposed behind the fourth lens 7.
In some embodiments of the invention, the protection glass 2 is selected before the photosensitive chip 1, so that the photosensitive chip 1 can be protected, and part of stray light can be filtered, so that the image quality is clear and the color is bright; optionally, in this embodiment, a cover glass 8 is provided to isolate the sample from the lens, reducing the risk of damage to the sample and lens, and further reducing costs.
In some embodiments of the invention, the focal length f=2.44 mm of the microscope lens, the actual object numerical aperture na=0.391, the total optical system length tl=65.7 mm, the magnification of 25X, the observable size of Φ0.3mm. Can be matched with a 1/2.3' photosensitive chip.
Specific parameters of the optical system of this embodiment are shown in the following table:
| Face numbering | Radius R (mm) | Thickness (mm) | Refractive index Nd | Abbe number Vd |
| Object plane | Infinity | 0.5 | - | - |
| S1 | Infinity | 0.4 | 1.5168 | 64.212 |
| S2 | Infinity | 38.302 | - | - |
| S3 | 5.5195 | 4.002 | 1.946 | 17.944 |
| S4 | 2.9853 | 12.001 | - | - |
| Diaphragm | Infinity | 2.083 | - | - |
| S6 | 5.7826 | 2.610 | 1.6646 | 54.658 |
| S7 | -2.4978 | 1.652 | 1.9229 | 20.882 |
| S8 | -5.9834 | 0.068 | - | - |
| S9 | 3.0 | 3.289 | 1.883 | 40.868 |
| S10 | 8.9757 | 0.239 | - | - |
| S11 | Infinity | 0.5 | 1.4918 | 57.441 |
| S12 | Infinity | 0.05 | - | - |
| Image plane | Infinity | - | - | - |
FIGS. 2 and 3 are graphs showing the optical performance of the optical system of the microscope lens in the embodiment, wherein FIG. 2 is a system MTF curve for evaluating the resolving power of the optical system, and as can be seen from the curves, each MTF curve is close to the diffraction limit, which indicates that each aberration of the system has been well corrected; fig. 3 is a diffuse speckle pattern, from which it can be seen that the light from each field of view is very concentrated, also approaching the diffraction limit, further illustrating the very good imaging achieved by this system.
As a further extension of the present technical solution, the present invention further includes an ultrashort conjugate distance microscope of the second aspect, including a lens barrel and the ultrashort conjugate distance microscope lens optical system installed in the lens barrel. The microscope has the characteristics of low cost, high resolution, high magnification and ultra-short conjugate distance, and is suitable for popularization and application.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. An ultra-short conjugate distance micro lens optical system is characterized in that: comprises a plurality of optical axes which are arranged in sequence from an image side to an object side and are positioned at the same optical axis
A photosensitive chip (1) for capturing imaging signals;
a first lens (3) having negative optical power and disposed at a distance from the photosensitive chip (1);
a diaphragm (4) which is provided at a distance from the first lens (3) and which limits the aperture of the light beam;
a second lens (5) having positive optical power and disposed at a distance from the diaphragm (4);
A third lens (6) having negative optical power and being cemented with the second lens (5);
a fourth lens (7) having positive optical power and disposed at a distance from the third lens (6);
The number of lenses of the ultra-short conjugate distance micro lens optical system is 4;
the first lens (3) has a convex surface facing the image side and a concave surface facing the object side;
Both surfaces of the second lens (5) are convex surfaces;
the surface of the third lens (6) facing the image side is a concave surface, and the surface facing the object side is a convex surface;
The surface of the fourth lens (7) facing the image side is a convex surface, and the surface facing the object side is a concave surface;
the optical system satisfies the following relation:
-15<f1/f<-10；
1<f2-3/f<4；
1<f4/f<2.5；
Wherein f is the focal length of the optical system, f 1 is the focal length of the first lens (3), f 2-3 is the combined focal length of the second lens (5) and the third lens (6), and f 4 is the focal length of the fourth lens (7).
2. The ultra-short conjugate distance microlens optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the following relation:
-1<f2/f3<0；
25<TL/f<30；
Wherein f 2 is the focal length of the second lens (5), f 3 is the focal length of the third lens (6), and TL is the overall length of the optical system.
3. The ultra-short conjugate distance microlens optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the following relation:
Nd1>1.8；
|Nd2-Nd3|>0.2；
Nd4>1.8；
Wherein Nd 1 is the refractive index of the first lens (3), nd 2 is the refractive index of the second lens (5), nd 3 is the refractive index of the third lens (6), and Nd 4 is the refractive index of the fourth lens (7).
4. The ultra-short conjugate distance microlens optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the following relation:
Vd1<25；
|Vd2-Vd3|>25；
Vd4<50；
Where Vd 1 is the Abbe number of the first lens (3), vd 2 is the Abbe number of the second lens (5), vd 3 is the Abbe number of the third lens (6), and Vd 4 is the Abbe number of the fourth lens (7).
5. The ultra-short conjugate distance microlens optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system satisfies the following relation:
0.4<A01/TL<0.7；
0.15<A1S+AS2<0.3；
4<A1S/AS2<7；
Wherein A 01 is the air spacing distance between the photosensitive chip (1) and the first lens (3), A 1S is the air spacing distance between the first lens (3) and the diaphragm (4), A S2 is the air spacing distance between the diaphragm (4) and the second lens (5), and TL is the total length of the optical system.
6. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the first lens (3), the second lens (5), the third lens (6) and the fourth lens (7) are glass spherical lenses.
7. The ultra-short conjugate distance microlens optical system according to claim 1, wherein the image space numerical aperture na=0.391 of the optical system.
8. The optical system of claim 1, wherein a cover glass (2) is disposed between the photosensitive chip (1) and the first lens (3), and a cover glass (8) is disposed behind the fourth lens (7).
9. An ultrashort conjugate distance microscope, comprising a lens barrel and an ultrashort conjugate distance microscope lens optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 mounted in the lens barrel.
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| JP2017215541A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2017-12-07 | オリンパス株式会社 | Microscope objective lens and microscope image formation optical system using the same |
| CN209014800U (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-06-21 | 中山联合光电科技股份有限公司 | A kind of ultrashort conjugate distance optical lens |
| CN109471243B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2024-05-24 | 中山联合光电科技股份有限公司 | Ultra-short TTL infrared confocal lens optical system |
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