CN111024692B - Method for observing crack repair condition of microorganism self-repairing concrete - Google Patents
Method for observing crack repair condition of microorganism self-repairing concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN111024692B CN111024692B CN201911152470.9A CN201911152470A CN111024692B CN 111024692 B CN111024692 B CN 111024692B CN 201911152470 A CN201911152470 A CN 201911152470A CN 111024692 B CN111024692 B CN 111024692B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/82—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a precipitate or turbidity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for observing the repairing condition of a crack of microorganism self-repairing concrete, which comprises the following steps: preparing a microbial self-repairing concrete test piece containing cracks; dropwise adding a copper sulfate pentahydrate solution to the crack of the test piece, standing the test piece at room temperature for more than two days, and performing vacuum drying; splitting the dried microorganism self-repairing concrete test piece from the crack, wherein the blue-green substance position at the crack splitting position is the position where the microorganism generates calcium carbonate through mineralization and deposition. The method can remarkably improve the color discrimination of the microbial precipitated calcium carbonate and the concrete matrix, and clearly and accurately display the distribution of the calcium carbonate generated by microbial mineralization and deposition in the microbial self-repairing concrete crack area, so that the deposition position of the calcium carbonate in the microbial self-repairing concrete crack can be directly observed by naked eyes, and the effect of repairing the crack by microbial mineralization and deposition can be clearly displayed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a concrete crack characterization display method, in particular to a method for observing the repairing condition of a microbial self-repairing concrete crack, and belongs to the technical field of building materials.
Background
In modern society, concrete has become the most important building material in the field of civil engineering, and is applied to a plurality of fields such as buildings, traffic, bridges, water conservancy, underground engineering and the like. With the rapid development of the economy of China, the scale of the infrastructure construction of China is gradually enlarged, and the consumption of concrete is increased year by year. Because concrete itself has characteristics such as the fragility is big, tensile strength is low, appears bearing overload, multiple reasons such as internal expansion simultaneously in concrete application and leads to the concrete member to produce the crack for concrete integrality reduces, and overall structure's bearing capacity and durability reduce. The concrete crack is too large, so that the concrete structure can not bear corresponding load, building damage and early failure are generated, and even casualties are generated.
Compared with manual inspection and repair which consumes time, labor and resources, the development of the concrete self-repairing technology gradually becomes a hotspot in the field of novel building materials. Concrete self-repair comprises three main types of methods, namely chemical, physical and microbial self-repair. The microorganism self-repairing concrete mainly refers to the aim of maintaining the basic function of the concrete by adding mineralized microorganisms capable of inducing mineralized precipitated calcium carbonate into the concrete in different modes and repairing the inside of cracks. Compared with chemical self-repairing and physical self-repairing, the microbial self-repairing has the advantages of strong adaptability, good compatibility, no burden on environmental ecology and the like, and is widely applied.
At present, the modes capable of representing and displaying concrete cracks mainly comprise a microscopic observation method, an industrial CT method and a binary point method. The microscopic observation method is mainly characterized in that two-dimensional information of a crack foundation is obtained through an ultrasonic method, a crack comprehensive detector can be used when the form of a concrete crack is represented, and crack information is obtained through the ultrasonic method; the industrial CT method mainly scans a concrete test block by an X-ray computed tomography scanner, distinguishes different molecular weight conditions of a crack region and a matrix region to obtain the crack condition, and has the size limit of the test block; the binary point method mainly comprises the steps of shooting the surface condition of concrete through high definition, combining image processing software to binarize an image, representing cracks according to different gray values of the image, and being incapable of observing visually.
The actual repair condition of the microbial self-repairing concrete crack is difficult to be directly displayed by the existing crack characterization method, and a new marking and representing method for the microbial concrete crack area needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a method for observing the repairing condition of a microbial self-repairing concrete crack, aiming at the problem that the existing concrete crack observation method cannot display the actual repairing condition of the microbial self-repairing concrete crack.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a method for observing the repairing condition of a crack of microorganism self-repairing concrete, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a microbial self-repairing concrete test piece containing cracks;
(2) dropwise adding a copper sulfate pentahydrate solution to the crack of the test piece, and then standing the test piece at room temperature for more than two days;
(3) drying the microorganism self-repairing concrete sample after standing in vacuum;
(4) splitting the dried microorganism self-repairing concrete test piece from the crack, wherein the blue-green substance position at the crack splitting position is the position where the microorganism generates calcium carbonate through mineralization and deposition.
In the step (1), the preparation process of the microorganism self-repairing concrete test piece containing the cracks comprises the following steps: firstly, forming a microorganism self-repairing concrete test piece, and performing standard maintenance; and then, mechanically manufacturing cracks in the microorganism self-repairing concrete test piece, and performing standard maintenance again to obtain the concrete test piece. The mechanical method for manufacturing the cracks can be realized by adopting a mechanical testing machine to pressurize the microorganism self-repairing concrete test piece, and in the loading process, the loading is continuously and uniformly carried out at the speed of 0.02-0.05 MPa/s until fine cracks appear in the test piece, and the loading is stopped.
Preferably, in the step (2), the ratio of the dosage of the copper sulfate pentahydrate solution to the molar volume of the microorganism self-repairing concrete is 3X 10-4～3.6×10-4mol/dm3(ii) a The amount of the calcium carbonate is less than the dripping amount, so that the marking can not be effectively carried out, the blue-green basic copper carbonate precipitation amount is less, and the position of the calcium carbonate in the crack is still whitened and appears white; above this amount, the crack cannot be effectively marked, and the excessive copper ions react with unhydrated calcium hydroxide in the crack to generate blue flocculent precipitate copper hydroxide which adheres to the periphery of the blue-green basic copper carbonate precipitate to affect the marking effect of the blue-green basic copper carbonate, so that the calcium carbonate part cannot be clearly distinguished from the concrete matrix.
Further, the blue vitriol solution is added into the crack area of the test piece in a multi-time dripping mode, and when dripping is carried out, the dripping times and the dripping amount each time are controlled, so that the crack area of the test piece is kept in a wet stateThe state exceeds 8 h; after the last dropwise addition, the mixture is kept stand for more than two days at room temperature. The dripping times and the dripping amount of each time have no clear requirements, and the molar volume ratio of the blue copperas added to the crack of the test piece to the test piece is ensured to be 3 multiplied by 10-4～3.6×10-4mol/dm3The above range may be used. The concrete test block has certain absorption capacity to liquid, the solution can be kept in the concrete cracks in the reaction process by dripping for a plurality of times, the wetting state is kept for more than 8 hours, the dissolution balance of calcium carbonate in the solution can be promoted, and the copper ions are convenient to combine with hydroxyl and carbonate in the concrete cracks to realize precipitation.
Preferably, the concentration of the copper sulfate pentahydrate solution is 0.010-0.012 mol/L.
The invention principle is as follows: according to the invention, through copper ions, an alkaline environment existing in the self-repairing concrete cracks and dissolved carbonate ions, a layer of blue-green basic copper sulfate can be attached to the surface of calcium carbonate generated in the self-repairing concrete cracks, and similar colors between the concrete test block substrate and the calcium carbonate part generated by self-repairing are obviously distinguished, so that the position of a self-repairing product of the self-repairing concrete test block cracks can be clearly represented.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: (1) the observation method for the repairing condition of the microbial self-repairing concrete crack can obviously improve the color discrimination of the microbial precipitated calcium carbonate and the concrete matrix, and clearly and accurately display the distribution of calcium carbonate generated by microbial mineralization and deposition in the crack area of the microbial self-repairing concrete, so that the position of calcium carbonate deposition in the crack of the microbial self-repairing concrete can be directly observed by naked eyes, and the effect of repairing the crack by microbial mineralization and deposition can be clearly displayed; (2) blue-green basic copper carbonate generated in the repairing process is deposited on calcium carbonate generated in the microbial self-repairing concrete crack area through mineralization deposition, and the effect of filling cracks can be achieved.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained below.
According to the observation method for the repairing condition of the microbial self-repairing concrete crack, a layer of blue-green basic copper sulfate can be attached to the surface of calcium carbonate generated in the self-repairing concrete crack through copper ions, an alkaline environment existing in the self-repairing concrete crack and dissolved carbonate ions, the similar color between the concrete test block substrate and the calcium carbonate generated by self-repairing is obviously distinguished, so that the position of a self-repairing product of the self-repairing concrete test block crack can be clearly represented, and the observation of the repairing condition of the crack is realized.
Specifically, the method of the present invention comprises the steps of:
(1) preparing a microbial self-repairing concrete test piece containing cracks;
firstly, forming a microorganism self-repairing concrete test piece, and performing standard maintenance;
secondly, cracks are manufactured in the microorganism self-repairing concrete sample in a mechanical mode, and standard maintenance is performed again to obtain the microorganism self-repairing concrete sample.
A microorganism self-repairing concrete test piece can be pressurized by adopting a mechanical testing machine such as a universal testing machine, and the like, and the microorganism self-repairing concrete test piece is continuously and uniformly loaded at the speed of 0.02-0.05 MPa/s in the loading process until fine cracks appear in the test piece, and the loading is stopped.
(2) Dropwise adding a copper sulfate pentahydrate solution to the crack of the test piece, and then standing the test piece at room temperature for more than two days;
the ratio of the dosage of the blue copperas solution to the molar volume of the microorganism self-repairing concrete is 3 multiplied by 10-4～3.6×10-4mol/dm3(ii) a The concentration of the copper sulfate pentahydrate solution is generally 0.010-0.012 mol/L. The method can be used for adding the test piece crack area in a mode of regularly dripping for multiple times, and when dripping is carried out, the dripping times and the dripping amount of each time are controlled, so that the test piece crack area is kept in a wet state for more than 8 hours; after the last dropwise addition, the mixture is kept stand for more than two days at room temperature.
(3) Drying the microorganism self-repairing concrete sample after standing in vacuum;
(4) splitting the dried microorganism self-repairing concrete test piece from the crack, wherein the blue-green substance position at the crack splitting position is the position where the microorganism generates calcium carbonate through mineralization and deposition.
Example 1
Sample preparation: the concrete test piece has the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the water cement ratio is 0.50, the sand rate is 36 percent, carbonic anhydrase is added to replace the sand in a bacterial powder mode, the replacement rate is 5 percent, and the standard condition maintenance is carried out for 28 days.
Equipment and test conditions: and taking out the microorganism self-repairing concrete test block cured for 28 days under the standard curing condition, continuously and uniformly loading at the speed of 0.02MPa/s by using a universal testing machine, adjusting the ball seat to balance the contact when the upper pressing plate is close to the test piece, and stopping loading when the microorganism self-repairing concrete has fine cracks. And (4) placing the prepared microorganism self-repairing concrete test block with the fine cracks into a standard curing room, and curing for 28 d. And taking the test block out of a standard curing room, and dropwise adding a copper sulfate pentahydrate solution with the concentration of 2.5g/100ml (0.01mol/L) in the concrete crack area, wherein 5ml of the copper sulfate pentahydrate solution is added every time, and the dropwise adding interval is 1h and is totally 6 times. After the solution is dropwise added, the microorganism self-repairing concrete test block is placed at room temperature for 2d and is placed in a vacuum drying box for drying for 3h at the temperature of 60 ℃.
The microorganism self-repairing concrete test block is completely split and cracked in a uniform pressurization mode through a universal testing machine, the phenomenon that calcium carbonate mineralized and deposited by microorganisms in the test block is changed into blue-green can be obviously found by naked eyes, and after the test block is washed by clean water, the calcium carbonate mineralized and deposited by the microorganism self-repairing concrete is obviously distinguished from a concrete matrix.
Example 2
The concrete sample size of the sample is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the water cement ratio is 0.50, the sand rate is 36%, carbonic anhydrase is added in a bacterial powder mode to replace sand, the replacement rate is 5%, and the standard condition maintenance is 28 d.
Equipment and test conditions: and taking out the microorganism self-repairing concrete test block cured for 28 days under the standard curing condition, continuously and uniformly loading at the speed of 0.02MPa/s by using a universal testing machine, adjusting the ball seat to balance the contact when the upper pressing plate is close to the test piece, and stopping loading when the microorganism self-repairing concrete has fine cracks. And (4) placing the prepared microorganism self-repairing concrete test block with the fine cracks into a standard curing room, and curing for 28 d. And taking the test block out of the standard curing room, and dropwise adding a copper sulfate pentahydrate solution with the concentration of 3g/100ml (0.012mol/L) into the concrete crack area, wherein 5ml of the copper sulfate pentahydrate solution is added each time, and the dropwise adding interval is 1h and is totally 6 times. After the solution is dropwise added, the microorganism self-repairing concrete test block is placed at room temperature for 2d and is placed in a vacuum drying box for drying for 3h at the temperature of 60 ℃.
The microorganism self-repairing concrete test block is completely split and cracked in a uniform pressurization mode through a universal testing machine, the phenomenon that calcium carbonate mineralized and deposited by microorganisms in the test block is changed into blue-green can be obviously found by naked eyes, and after the test block is washed by clean water, the calcium carbonate mineralized and deposited by the microorganism self-repairing concrete is obviously distinguished from a concrete matrix.
Comparative example 1
The concrete sample size of the sample is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the water cement ratio is 0.50, the sand rate is 36%, carbonic anhydrase is added in a bacterial powder mode to replace sand, the replacement rate is 5%, and the standard condition maintenance is 28 d.
Equipment and test conditions: and taking out the microorganism self-repairing concrete test block cured for 28 days under the standard curing condition, continuously and uniformly loading at the speed of 0.02MPa/s by using a universal testing machine, adjusting the ball seat to balance the contact when the upper pressing plate is close to the test piece, and stopping loading when the microorganism self-repairing concrete has fine cracks. And (4) placing the prepared microorganism self-repairing concrete test block with the fine cracks into a standard curing room, and curing for 28 d. And taking the test block out of the standard curing room, and dropwise adding a copper sulfate pentahydrate solution with the concentration of 2.5g/100ml (0.01mol/L) in the concrete crack area, wherein 5ml of the copper sulfate pentahydrate solution is added every time, and the dropwise adding interval is 1h and is totally 3 times. After the solution is dropwise added, the microorganism self-repairing concrete test block is placed at room temperature for 2d and is placed in a vacuum drying box for drying for 3h at the temperature of 60 ℃.
The microorganism self-repairing concrete test block is completely split and cracked in a uniform pressurization mode through a universal testing machine, the condition that the calcium carbonate area mineralized and deposited by the microorganisms in the test block is not attached with blue-green basic copper carbonate and still presents white can be found by naked eyes, and after the test block is washed by clear water, the microorganism self-repairing concrete mineralized and deposited calcium carbonate and a concrete matrix can not be obviously distinguished.
Comparative example 2
The concrete sample size of the sample is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the water cement ratio is 0.50, the sand rate is 36%, carbonic anhydrase is added in a bacterial powder mode to replace sand, the replacement rate is 5%, and the standard condition maintenance is 28 d.
Equipment and test conditions: and taking out the microorganism self-repairing concrete test block cured for 28 days under the standard curing condition, continuously and uniformly loading at the speed of 0.02MPa/s by using a universal testing machine, adjusting the ball seat to balance the contact when the upper pressing plate is close to the test piece, and stopping loading when the microorganism self-repairing concrete has fine cracks. And (4) placing the prepared microorganism self-repairing concrete test block with the fine cracks into a standard curing room, and curing for 28 d. And taking the test block out of the standard curing room, and dropwise adding a copper sulfate pentahydrate solution with the concentration of 2.5g/100ml (0.010mol/L) in the concrete crack area, wherein 5ml of the copper sulfate pentahydrate solution is added each time, and the dropwise adding interval is 1h and is totally 8 times. After the solution is dropwise added, the microorganism self-repairing concrete test block is placed at room temperature for 2d and is placed in a vacuum drying box for drying for 3h at the temperature of 60 ℃.
The microorganism self-repairing concrete test block is completely split and cracked in an uniform pressurization mode through a universal testing machine, the phenomenon that the crack area of the microorganism self-repairing concrete test block turns blue can be found by naked eyes, and after the microorganism self-repairing concrete mineralized and deposited calcium carbonate and a concrete matrix are washed by clear water, the microorganism self-repairing concrete mineralized and deposited calcium carbonate and the concrete matrix cannot be obviously distinguished.
Comparative example 3
The concrete sample size of the sample is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the water cement ratio is 0.50, the sand rate is 36%, carbonic anhydrase is added in a bacterial powder mode to replace sand, the replacement rate is 5%, and the standard condition maintenance is 28 d.
Equipment and test conditions: and taking out the microorganism self-repairing concrete test block cured for 28 days under the standard curing condition, continuously and uniformly loading at the speed of 0.02MPa/s by using a universal testing machine, adjusting the ball seat to balance the contact when the upper pressing plate is close to the test piece, and stopping loading when the microorganism self-repairing concrete has fine cracks. And (4) placing the prepared microorganism self-repairing concrete test block with the fine cracks into a standard curing room, and curing for 28 d. And taking the test block out of the standard curing room, and dropwise adding 5g/100ml (0.020mol/L) of copper sulfate pentahydrate solution into the concrete crack area, wherein 5ml of the copper sulfate pentahydrate solution is added each time, and the dropwise adding interval is 1h and is totally 6 times. After the solution is dropwise added, the microorganism self-repairing concrete test block is placed at room temperature for 2d and is placed in a vacuum drying box for drying for 3h at the temperature of 60 ℃.
The microorganism self-repairing concrete test block is completely split and cracked in an uniform pressurization mode through a universal testing machine, the phenomenon that the crack area of the microorganism self-repairing concrete test block turns blue can be found by naked eyes, and after the microorganism self-repairing concrete mineralized and deposited calcium carbonate and a concrete matrix are washed by clear water, the microorganism self-repairing concrete mineralized and deposited calcium carbonate and the concrete matrix cannot be obviously distinguished.
Comparative example 4
The concrete sample size of the sample is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the water cement ratio is 0.50, the sand rate is 36%, carbonic anhydrase is added in a bacterial powder mode to replace sand, the replacement rate is 5%, and the standard condition maintenance is 28 d.
Equipment and test conditions: and taking out the microorganism self-repairing concrete test block cured for 28 days under the standard curing condition, continuously and uniformly loading at the speed of 0.02MPa/s by using a universal testing machine, adjusting the ball seat to balance the contact when the upper pressing plate is close to the test piece, and stopping loading when the microorganism self-repairing concrete has fine cracks. And (4) placing the prepared microorganism self-repairing concrete test block with the fine cracks into a standard curing room, and curing for 28 d. And taking the test block out of a standard curing room, and dropwise adding 1.25g/100ml (0.005mol/L) of blue vitriol solution into the concrete crack area, wherein 5ml of blue vitriol solution is added each time, and the dropwise adding interval is 1h and is totally 6 times. After the solution is dropwise added, the microorganism self-repairing concrete test block is placed at room temperature for 2d and is placed in a vacuum drying box for drying for 3h at the temperature of 60 ℃.
The microorganism self-repairing concrete test block is completely split and cracked in a uniform pressurization mode through a universal testing machine, the condition that the calcium carbonate area mineralized and deposited by the microorganisms in the test block is not attached with blue-green basic copper carbonate and still presents white can be found by naked eyes, and after the test block is washed by clear water, the microorganism self-repairing concrete mineralized and deposited calcium carbonate and a concrete matrix can not be obviously distinguished.
Claims (5)
1. A method for observing the repairing condition of a microbial self-repairing concrete crack is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a microbial self-repairing concrete test piece containing cracks;
(2) dropwise adding a copper sulfate pentahydrate solution to the crack of the test piece, and then standing the test piece at room temperature for more than two days;
(3) drying the microorganism self-repairing concrete sample after standing in vacuum;
(4) splitting the dried microorganism self-repairing concrete test piece from the crack, wherein the blue-green substance position at the crack splitting position is the position of the microorganism generating calcium carbonate through mineralization and deposition;
wherein in the step (2), the molar volume ratio of the dripping amount of the blue copperas solution to the microbial self-repairing concrete is 3 multiplied by 10-4～3.6×10-4mol/dm3。
2. The method for observing the crack repairing situation of the microbial self-repairing concrete according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the preparation process of the crack-containing microbial self-repairing concrete specimen is as follows:
firstly, forming a microorganism self-repairing concrete test piece, and performing standard maintenance;
secondly, cracks are manufactured in the microorganism self-repairing concrete sample in a mechanical mode, and standard maintenance is performed again to obtain the microorganism self-repairing concrete sample.
3. The method for observing the crack repairing situation of the microbial self-repairing concrete according to claim 2, wherein the crack is manufactured in a mechanical mode by adopting a mechanical testing machine to pressurize a microbial self-repairing concrete test piece, and in the loading process, the microbial self-repairing concrete test piece is continuously and uniformly loaded at the speed of 0.02-0.05 MPa/s until a fine crack appears in the test piece, and the loading is stopped.
4. The observation method for the crack repair situation of the microbial self-repairing concrete according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the copper sulfate pentahydrate solution is added into the crack region of the test piece in a multi-drop manner, and when the copper sulfate pentahydrate solution is dropped, the dropping times and the dropping amount of each time are controlled, so that the crack region of the test piece is kept in a wet state for more than 8 hours; after the last dropwise addition, the mixture is kept stand for more than two days at room temperature.
5. The observation method for the crack repair situation of the microbial self-repairing concrete according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the concentration of the copper sulfate pentahydrate solution is 0.010-0.012 mol/L.
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