CN111024392A - Comprehensive analysis device and analysis method for full ball bearing with variable speed curved surface - Google Patents
Comprehensive analysis device and analysis method for full ball bearing with variable speed curved surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN111024392A CN111024392A CN201911050817.9A CN201911050817A CN111024392A CN 111024392 A CN111024392 A CN 111024392A CN 201911050817 A CN201911050817 A CN 201911050817A CN 111024392 A CN111024392 A CN 111024392A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
- G01M13/045—Acoustic or vibration analysis
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bearing analysis, and particularly relates to a comprehensive analysis device and an analysis method for a full-ball bearing with a variable-speed curved surface, wherein the device comprises a base, a test piece unit, an illumination unit and a collection unit; the test piece unit comprises a test piece bearing seat and a driving device, wherein the test piece bearing seat is fixed on the base; the illumination unit comprises a laser exciter used for irradiating the whole test piece bearing; the acquisition unit comprises a camera device, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a gyroscope; the camera device is arranged around the test piece bearing and used for capturing light rays reflected by the surface fluorescent agents of the first rolling body and the second rolling body; the temperature sensor penetrates through the test piece bearing seat to be in contact with the bearing outer ring and is used for collecting the temperature of the test piece bearing; the pressure sensor is fixed in the concave pit in an adhesive manner and used for collecting pressure signals between the ball and the channel; the gyroscope is fixed on the rotation center of the driving device and used for acquiring rotation angular speed signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bearing analysis, and particularly relates to a comprehensive analysis device and method for a full-ball bearing with a variable-speed curved surface.
Background
Because the full ball bearing is applied to the aeroengine at present, in order to reduce the problem that the performance and the service life of the bearing are influenced by mutual collision of rolling bodies caused by high speed, a novel full ball bearing (with a variable speed curved surface full ball bearing) with a variable speed curved surface arranged at the position of an inner channel of an outer ring of the bearing is researched, because the full ball bearing is applied to the aeroengine and other high-speed light-load conditions, the moving speed between the rolling bodies is too high, the number of the rolling bodies is more than that of the common ball bearing with a retainer, and the moving state and the moving characteristic of the rolling bodies cannot be captured by; therefore, the performance tests of the novel variable-speed curved surface full ball bearing, such as vibration, temperature rise, pretightening force adjustment, rolling element motion conditions, rolling element and raceway contact force, do not have a comprehensive analysis device and a specific analysis method at present, the performance research of the novel bearing lacks experimental data, the existing experimental method has the defects of complicated steps, low equipment integration and low efficiency, special analysis can not be specially carried out aiming at the characteristics of the novel bearing, and the development and optimization popularization of the novel variable-speed curved surface full ball bearing are not facilitated.
In summary, it is necessary to provide a comprehensive analysis method for a novel full ball bearing with a variable speed curved surface, and the method combines the modern computing technology, the image analysis technology, the optical technology, the signal acquisition and processing technology and other testing means to develop research on the performance of the novel bearing such as vibration, temperature rise, pre-tightening force adjustment, rolling element motion condition, rolling element-raceway contact force and the like, and is integrated into a set of complete comprehensive analysis device for the full ball bearing with the variable speed curved surface, so as to provide effective experimental means and equipment for bearing state monitoring, service life assessment and other analyses.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the prior bearing analysis device and analysis method can not comprehensively and accurately analyze the novel full ball bearing with the variable speed curved surface, the invention discloses a comprehensive analysis device and an analysis method for the full ball bearing with the variable speed curved surface, the comprehensive analysis device is provided with a test piece unit, an illumination unit and an acquisition unit, two balls of the full ball bearing (test piece bearing) with the variable speed curved surface are respectively marked as a rolling element I and a rolling element II, a fluorescent agent I is coated on the surface of the rolling element I, a fluorescent agent II is coated on the surface of the rolling element II to form a round point, the test piece bearing is driven to rotate by the test piece unit, the illumination unit emits laser to irradiate the test piece bearing, light rays reflected by the fluorescent agent I and the fluorescent agent II under the laser irradiation are captured by a camera device of the acquisition unit, and the temperature of the test piece bearing, the pressure sensor of the acquisition unit acquires pressure signals between the ball and the channel, the gyroscope of the acquisition unit acquires rotation angular velocity signals, and comprehensive conditions such as vibration, temperature rise, rolling body motion conditions, rolling body and raceway contact force and the like of the test piece bearing can be obtained through analysis and processing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive analysis device with a variable-speed curved surface full-ball bearing comprises a bearing outer ring, a bearing inner ring and balls arranged between the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring, wherein a concave pit is formed in an inner channel of the bearing outer ring, two balls are selected and respectively marked as a first rolling body and a second rolling body, a first fluorescent agent is fully coated on the surface of the first rolling body, and a circular point is formed by coating a second fluorescent agent on the surface of the second rolling body;
the comprehensive analysis device comprises
A base;
the test piece unit comprises a test piece bearing seat and a driving device, wherein the test piece bearing seat is fixed on the base, the full ball bearing with the variable speed curved surface is installed in the test piece bearing seat, and the driving device is used for driving the full ball bearing with the variable speed curved surface to rotate;
the illumination unit comprises a laser exciter fixed on the base and is used for irradiating the whole full-ball bearing with the variable-speed curved surface; and
the device comprises an acquisition unit, a control unit and a control unit, wherein the acquisition unit comprises a camera device, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a gyroscope;
the camera device is fixed on the base, arranged around the full ball bearing with the variable speed curved surface and used for capturing light rays reflected by the fluorescent agents on the surfaces of the first rolling body and the second rolling body; the temperature sensor penetrates through the test piece bearing seat to be in contact with the bearing outer ring and is used for collecting the temperature of the full-ball bearing with the variable-speed curved surface; the pressure sensor is fixed in the concave pit in an adhesive mode and used for collecting pressure signals between the ball and the channel; the gyroscope is fixed on the rotation center of the driving device and used for collecting rotation angular speed signals.
Preferably, the driving device comprises a driving shaft, a driving motor, a motor base and a coupler, the driving motor is fixed on the base through the motor base, one end of the driving shaft is connected with the driving motor through the coupler and provides rotating power through the driving motor, and the other end of the driving shaft penetrates through a full ball bearing with a variable speed curved surface fixed on a bearing seat of the test piece and is in interference fit with an inner ring of the bearing.
Preferably, the driving device further comprises at least one supporting mechanism, the supporting mechanism is located between the test piece bearing seat and the coupler and comprises a supporting bearing and a supporting bearing seat which are matched with each other, and the supporting bearing is sleeved on the driving shaft.
Preferably, the laser exciter is an adjustable blue-green laser emitter, and the adjustable wavelength is 476-570 nm;
the absorption wavelength range of the first fluorescent agent is 476-570nm, and the excitation wavelength range is 560-605 nm;
the absorption wavelength range of the second fluorescent agent is 476-570nm, and the excitation wavelength range is 490-560 nm;
and the diameter of a dot formed by coating the surface of the second rolling element with a second fluorescent agent is 1.8-4 mm.
Preferably, the camera device comprises at least one first camera device and at least one second camera device, wherein the first camera device is used for capturing light reflected by the fluorescent agent I; the second camera device is used for capturing the light reflected by the second fluorescer.
Preferably, the first camera device and the second camera device are respectively provided with two camera devices, the two camera devices are uniformly distributed around the full ball bearing with the variable speed curved surface, and the first camera device and the second camera device are arranged at intervals; the camera device is a CCD high-speed camera, and a filter is further arranged on the CCD high-speed camera and used for filtering light rays emitted by the laser exciter and external reflection interference light rays.
Preferably, the pressure sensor is a wireless flexible pressure sensor; the illumination unit further comprises a laser beam expander, and the laser beam expander is mounted at the transmitting end of the laser exciter and used for expanding the exciting laser into uniform large-diameter light beams.
Preferably, the test piece unit further comprises a pressure applying device, wherein the pressure applying device comprises at least two piezoelectric ceramic columns and piezoelectric ceramic column supports, one end of each piezoelectric ceramic column is pressed on the bearing outer ring, and the other end of each piezoelectric ceramic column is fixed on the base through the piezoelectric ceramic column supports and is used for applying pressure to the bearing outer ring to force the bearing outer ring to move axially when a temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensor rises sharply; preferably, four piezoelectric ceramic columns are arranged and are uniformly pressed on the bearing outer ring.
An analysis method for a full ball bearing with a variable speed curved surface comprises the following steps:
(1) the comprehensive analysis device with the variable-speed curved surface full-ball bearing is adopted;
(2) starting a laser exciter, emitting laser with a specified wavelength, starting a driving motor to drive a full-ball bearing with a variable-speed curved surface to rotate at the rotating speed of 18000 and 36000 r/min;
(3) capturing light rays reflected by the first fluorescent agent and the second fluorescent agent by using a camera device, and analyzing and processing track images of the first fluorescent agent and the second fluorescent agent respectively to obtain a revolution motion track of the first rolling element and a rotation motion track of the second rolling element;
(4) acquiring a temperature signal of a full-ball bearing with a variable-speed curved surface by using a temperature sensor;
(5) collecting a pressure signal between the ball and the channel by using a pressure sensor;
(6) the method comprises the steps of collecting angular velocity signals by using a gyroscope, establishing a gyroscope center coordinate system and a rotation center coordinate system with a variable-speed curved surface full-ball bearing, analyzing and processing the gyroscope center coordinate system and converting the angular velocity signals into angular velocity information and deflection information of the variable-speed curved surface full-ball bearing through a geometric relation of the coordinate system.
Preferably, the method for analyzing a full ball bearing with a variable speed curved surface further comprises the following steps: when the temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor rises sharply, the piezoelectric ceramic column is commanded to extend to push the outer ring of the bearing to move axially, the moving space of the ball is increased, the pretightening force is adjusted, the temperature change tends to be smooth, and the adjusting condition of the piezoelectric ceramic column on the pretightening force is recorded.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention designs a comprehensive analysis device aiming at the full-ball bearing with the variable-speed curved surface, the device can comprehensively test various indexes of vibration, temperature rise, rolling element motion condition, rolling element and raceway contact force and the like of a test piece bearing, the multi-parameter test is realized through one set of device, the efficiency is high, and the operation is simple and convenient;
(2) the comprehensive analysis device also comprises a pressure device, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic column can play a role according to a temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensor, when the temperature rises sharply, the piezoelectric ceramic column can extend to push the outer ring of the bearing to move axially, the moving space of the ball is enlarged, the pretightening force is adjusted, so that the temperature change tends to be gentle, and the arrangement of the piezoelectric ceramic column is favorable for providing certain test data for the research of temperature change and bearing pretightening force adjustment;
(3) the invention simultaneously provides tests of various performances such as vibration, temperature rise, pretightening force adjustment, rolling body motion condition, rolling body and raceway contact force and the like, can simultaneously obtain various data, has high analysis efficiency, and provides a more optimized comprehensive analysis device and an analysis method for the development and development of novel bearings.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the comprehensive analysis device of the present invention (including the connection relationship with the synchronous controller, the upper computer processor and the power supply);
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a full ball bearing with variable speed camber;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a dimple (shift surface) in a full ball bearing having a shift surface;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the bearing cup taken along a tangential plane;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the bearing cup taken along an axial plane;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of θ 1 and θ 2;
in the figure: 1. a base; 21. a test piece bearing seat; 22. a drive shaft; 23. a drive motor; 24. a motor base; 25. a coupling; 26. a support mechanism; 261. a support bearing; 262. supporting the bearing seat; 271. a piezoelectric ceramic column; 272. a piezoelectric ceramic post holder; 31. a laser exciter; 32. a laser beam expander; 41. a camera device; 411. a first camera device; 412. a second camera device; 413. a filter; 81. a synchronization controller; 82. an upper computer processor; 83. a power supply; 9. the full ball bearing is provided with a variable speed curved surface; 91. a bearing outer race; 92. a bearing inner race; 93. a ball bearing; 931. a first rolling body; 932. a second rolling body; 94. and (4) pits.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to examples.
1-4, the full-ball bearing 9 with the variable-speed curved surface comprises a bearing outer ring 91, a bearing inner ring 92 and balls 93 arranged between the bearing outer ring 91 and the bearing inner ring 92, wherein a concave pit 94 is arranged on an inner channel of the bearing outer ring 91, two balls 93 are selected and respectively marked as a rolling element I931 and a rolling element II 932, a phosphor I is coated on the surface of the rolling element I931, and a circular dot is coated on the surface of the rolling element II 932 by the phosphor II; the comprehensive analysis device comprises a base 1, a test piece unit, an illumination unit and a collection unit; the test piece unit comprises a test piece bearing seat 21 fixed on the base 1 and a driving device, the full ball bearing 9 with the variable speed curved surface is installed in the test piece bearing seat 21, and the driving device is used for driving the full ball bearing 9 with the variable speed curved surface to rotate; the lighting unit comprises a laser exciter 31 fixed on the base 1 and used for irradiating the whole full-ball bearing 9 with the variable-speed curved surface; the acquisition unit comprises a camera 41, a temperature sensor 42, a pressure sensor 43 and a gyroscope 44; the camera device 41 is fixed on the base 1, arranged around the full ball bearing 9 with the variable speed curved surface, and used for capturing light rays reflected by the fluorescent agent on the surfaces of the first rolling element 931 and the second rolling element 932; the temperature sensor 42 penetrates through the test piece bearing seat 21 to be in contact with the bearing outer ring 91 and is used for collecting the temperature of the full ball bearing 9 with the variable speed curved surface; the pressure sensor 43 is fixed in the pit 94 by gluing and is used for acquiring a pressure signal between the ball 93 and the channel; the gyroscope 44 is fixed to the rotation center of the driving device and is used for acquiring a rotation angular velocity signal. In the embodiment, the top of the test piece bearing seat 21 has a through hole through which the temperature sensor 42 is in contact with the bearing outer ring 91.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the dimples 94 of the full ball bearing 9 with the variator curved surface are of a kidney-shaped configuration, the dimples 94 are symmetrical with respect to the tangential plane of the bearing, and the dimples 94 are designed according to the inner diameter of the bearing and the size of the rolling elements, where Dw is the diameter of the rolling elements, d0 is the diameter of the groove bottom of the outer race of the bearing, dm is the diameter of the pitch circle of the bearing, and re is the radius of curvature of the groove of the outer race
The bearing has no retainer, contact friction can occur between the balls 93, the oval concave pit 94 is arranged on the inner channel of the bearing outer ring 91, when the balls 93 move through the oval concave pit 94 (speed change curved surface), the contact mode of the balls 93 and the channel is changed from the original single-point contact into the two-point contact, the moving contact radius of the balls 93 is reduced, the instantaneous speed of the rolling body is reduced, the speed difference starts to be generated with the previous balls 93 which pass through the speed change curved surface, the balls are separated, the balls 93 are ensured not to be in contact with each other after being stabilized, collision is reduced, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the driving device includes a driving shaft 22, a driving motor 23, a motor base 24 and a coupling 25, the driving motor 23 is fixed on the base 1 through the motor base 24, one end of the driving shaft 22 is connected with the driving motor 23 through the coupling 25 and provides a rotating power through the driving motor 23, and the other end passes through a full ball bearing 9 with a variable speed curved surface fixed on the test piece bearing base 21 and is in interference fit with the bearing inner ring 92.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, the driving device further includes at least one supporting mechanism 26, the supporting mechanism 26 is located between the test piece bearing seat 21 and the coupling 25, and includes a supporting bearing 261 and a supporting bearing seat 262, which are matched with each other, and the supporting bearing 261 is sleeved on the driving shaft 22. In the embodiment, it is preferable that the support mechanism 26 is provided in two, as shown in fig. 1, one support mechanism 26 is provided near the specimen bearing housing 21, and the other support mechanism 26 is provided near the coupling 25.
In one embodiment, the laser exciter 31 is a tunable blue-green laser emitter with a tunable wavelength of 476-570 nm; the absorption wavelength range of the first fluorescer is 476-570nm, and the excitation wavelength range is 560-605 nm; the absorption wavelength range of the fluorescent agent II is 476-570nm, and the excitation wavelength range is 490-560 nm; the diameter of a dot formed by coating the surface of the rolling element II 932 with the fluorescent agent II is 1.8-4 mm. Due to the size of the flange of the outer ring 91 of the variable speed curved surface bearing, the diameter range of the fluorescent dots is 1.8-4mm in order to ensure that fluorescent tracks are effectively captured. In a specific embodiment, the first fluorescent agent and the second fluorescent agent only need to emit fluorescent light with different colors, so that the fluorescent agents are convenient to distinguish.
In a specific embodiment, the fluorescent agent I can be rhodamine B200, can absorb 523-557 nm light waves, and can excite 595nm orange fluorescence; the fluorescent agent can also be cyanine dye Cy3, can absorb 552nm light wave and can excite yellow orange fluorescence with the wavelength of 570 nm; the fluorescent agent I can also be AlexaFluor555, and the fluorescent agent can absorb 555nm light wave and can excite yellow orange fluorescence with the wavelength of 565 nm. The second fluorescent agent can be an isothiocyanate fluorescent agent (FITC), can absorb 490-495 nm light waves, and can excite green fluorescence with the wavelength of 525-530 nm; a cyanine dye Cy2 can be selected as the fluorescent agent II, and the fluorescent agent II can absorb 489nm light waves and can excite green fluorescence with the wavelength of 510 nm; the fluorescent agent II can also be AlexaFluor488, can absorb 493nm light wave and can excite green fluorescence with the wavelength of 520 nm. The fluorescent agent I and the fluorescent agent II can emit different fluorescent light, so that the camera device 41 can capture the motion tracks of the rolling element I931 and the rolling element II 932 respectively.
In one specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, the camera 41 includes at least one first camera 411 and at least one second camera 412, the first camera 411 is used for capturing light reflected by the first phosphor; the second camera 412 is used for capturing the light reflected by the second fluorescer.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, two cameras 411 and 412 are respectively arranged and evenly distributed around the full ball bearing 9 with the variable speed curved surface, and the cameras 411 and 412 are arranged at intervals; the camera 41 is a CCD high-speed camera, and a filter 413 is further disposed on the CCD high-speed camera, for filtering the light emitted from the laser exciter 31 and the external reflected interference light. As shown in fig. 1, 4 CCD high-speed cameras are uniformly arranged around the sample bearing in the inner circumferential direction of the horizontal plane, wherein one first camera 411 and one second camera 412 are located on one side of the sample bearing seat 21, the other first camera 411 and the other second camera 412 are located on the other side of the sample bearing seat 21, and the connecting line of the two first cameras 411 and the connecting line of the two second cameras 412 both pass through the center of the full ball bearing 9 with the variable speed curved surface.
In one particular embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1-2, the pressure sensor 43 is a wireless flexible pressure sensor; the illumination unit further comprises a laser beam expander lens 32, the laser beam expander lens 32 being mounted at the emitting end of the laser exciter 31 for expanding the exciting laser light into a uniform large-diameter beam. When the ball 93 is placed on the waist-shaped variable speed curved surface in a stationary manner, the bottom of the ball 93 is just in point contact with the upper surface of the pressure sensor 43, and when the rolling body rolls over the variable speed curved surface, the bottom of the rolling body is in contact with the wireless flexible pressure sensor to acquire a force change signal and record the change condition of the contact force between the rolling body and the bearing raceway of the test piece.
In a specific embodiment, the flexible material used by the wireless flexible pressure sensor is a graphite/PDMS composite material, is in a wireless transmission mode, and is used for measuring a pressure value when the rolling body passes through the speed change curved surface, and measuring a contact force between the rolling body and the raceway of the test piece bearing through calculation.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, the test piece unit further includes a pressure applying device, the pressure applying device includes at least two piezoelectric ceramic columns 271 and piezoelectric ceramic column supports 272, one end of each piezoelectric ceramic column 271 is pressed on the bearing outer ring 91, and the other end of each piezoelectric ceramic column is fixed on the base 1 through the piezoelectric ceramic column supports 272, and is used for applying pressure to the bearing outer ring 91 to force the bearing outer ring 91 to move axially when the temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor 42 rises sharply; preferably, four piezoelectric ceramic columns 271 are arranged and uniformly pressed on the bearing outer ring 91. In a specific embodiment, the piezoelectric ceramic column bracket 272 can be arranged on the left side or the right side of the test piece bearing seat 21, and the piezoelectric ceramic column bracket 272 is arranged to avoid affecting the shooting area of the CCD high-speed camera. In the high-speed rotation process of the full ball bearing 9 with the variable-speed curved surface, the temperature rises, the bearing inner ring 92 expands, the radial clearance is reduced, the pretightening force is increased, and the temperature sensor 42 collects temperature data and converts the temperature data into an electric signal; when the temperature rises to a certain value, the piezoelectric ceramic column 271 receives the temperature data electric signal fed back by the temperature sensor 42 and then axially extends, the piezoelectric ceramic column 271 pushes the outer ring 91 of the bearing to axially move, the moving space of the ball is enlarged, and the bearing pretightening force is adjusted.
An analysis method for a full ball bearing with a variable speed curved surface comprises the following steps: (1) the comprehensive analysis device with the variable-speed curved surface full-ball bearing is adopted; (2) starting a laser exciter 31, emitting laser with a specified wavelength, starting a driving motor 23 to drive a full ball bearing 9 with a variable speed curved surface to rotate at the rotating speed of 18000-; (3) capturing light rays reflected by the first fluorescent agent and the second fluorescent agent by using the camera 41, and analyzing and processing track images of the first fluorescent agent and the second fluorescent agent respectively to obtain a revolution motion track of the first rolling element 931 and a rotation motion track of the second rolling element 932; (4) acquiring a temperature signal of the full ball bearing 9 with a variable speed curved surface by using a temperature sensor 42; (5) collecting a pressure signal between the ball 93 and the channel by using the pressure sensor 43; (6) the gyroscope 44 is used for collecting angular velocity signals, a central coordinate system of the gyroscope 44 and a rotation central coordinate system of the full-ball bearing 9 with the variable-speed curved surface are established, and the angular velocity signals are converted into angular velocity information and deflection information of the full-ball bearing 9 with the variable-speed curved surface through analysis and processing and the geometric relation of the coordinate systems. The sequence numbers marked before the steps are not used for limiting the sequence of the steps, wherein the steps (2) - (6) can be carried out simultaneously, all data can be collected simultaneously, and all data can be collected when the test piece bearing starts to rotate.
In the specific embodiment, various information of the full ball bearing 9 with the variable speed curved surface can be obtained by adjusting the rotating speed within the range of 18000-36000r/min, which is beneficial to providing more comprehensive research data for the novel full ball bearing with the variable speed curved surface.
As shown in fig. 1, the upper computer processor 82 is connected to the synchronous controller 81 through a transmission line, the synchronous controller 81 is respectively connected to the camera 41, the temperature sensor 42 and the gyroscope 44 of the acquisition unit through transmission lines and is connected to the synchronous controller 81, the pressure sensor 43 is a wireless flexible pressure sensor and is also connected to the synchronous controller 81, and the synchronous controller 81 and the upper computer processor 82 are both connected to the power supply 83. The upper computer processor 82 sends a control instruction to the synchronous controller 81 to turn on or off the CCD high-speed camera, and the upper computer processor 82 receives and processes signals collected by the temperature sensor 42, the wireless flexible pressure sensor 43 and the gyroscope 44 to obtain information of vibration, temperature and contact force between a rolling body and a raceway in the running process of the full ball bearing 9 (test piece bearing) with the variable-speed curved surface.
In a specific embodiment, two balls with the farthest interval are selected as the first rolling element 931 and the second rolling element 932 respectively (in a specific embodiment, the positions of the first rolling element 931 and the second rolling element 932 are not limited, and may be the farthest interval, or may be adjacent, or may select the same ball), the surface of the first rolling element 931 is coated with the phosphor one, the surface of the second rolling element 932 is coated with the phosphor two to form a circular dot with a diameter of 3mm, the emission wavelength of the laser exciter 31 is adjusted, a laser with a wavelength of 550nm is emitted first, the upper computer processor 82 instructs the synchronous controller 81 to emit an opening control command, the driving motor 23 drives the driving shaft 22 to rotate until the rotation speed reaches 36000r/min, 4 CCD high-speed cameras are opened and calibrated, the overlapping area space shot by the 4 CCD high-speed cameras is divided into measurement spaces in units of mm by the upper computer processor 82, in order to determine the motion coordinates of the two rolling bodies in subsequent CCD high-speed camera shooting, a first camera device 411 (a CCD high-speed camera) is used for simultaneously shooting the fluorescent motion tracks of the first rolling bodies 931 from different angles, the images of the fluorescent tracks collected by the first camera device 411 are analyzed and processed by an upper computer processor 82, the coordinates shot by different CCD high-speed cameras at the same time are obtained, and the rotating and revolving motion track of the first rolling bodies 931 in a test piece bearing around a bearing is obtained through calculation; then, the laser exciter 31 is adjusted to emit 490nm wavelength laser, the second camera 412(CCD high-speed camera) simultaneously shoots the fluorescent motion track of the second rolling element 932 from different angles, the upper computer processor 82 analyzes and processes the fluorescent track image collected by the second camera 412 to obtain the coordinates shot by different CCD high-speed cameras at the same time, and the self-rotation motion track of the second rolling element 932 in the test piece bearing is obtained through calculation. The temperature sensor 42 is set to zero and collects temperature signals of a test piece bearing, the wireless flexible pressure sensor collects pressure signals between the ball 93 and a channel, a central coordinate system of the gyroscope 44 and a rotation central coordinate system of the full ball bearing 9 with the variable-speed curved surface are established, and the angular speed signals are converted into angular speed information and deflection information of the full ball bearing 9 with the variable-speed curved surface through the geometric relation of the coordinate systems after analysis and processing.
In a specific embodiment, the method for analyzing a full ball bearing with a variable speed curved surface further comprises the following steps: when the temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensor 42 rises sharply, the piezoelectric ceramic column 271 is instructed to extend to push the bearing outer ring 91 to move axially, the moving space of the ball 93 is enlarged, the pretightening force is adjusted, the temperature change tends to be smooth, the temperature change value in the adjusting process is recorded, the elongation value, namely the axial moving amount of the bearing outer ring, of the piezoelectric ceramic column 271 is calculated, and the function of adjusting the pretightening force is achieved by axially moving the bearing outer ring 91.
When the full ball bearing 9 with the variable speed curved surface runs to a set rotating speed, the contact force value of the rolling body and the raceway of the outer ring 91 of the bearing collected by the wireless flexible pressure sensor is recorded, along with the heating of the bearing of the test piece, the inner ring 92 of the bearing expands, the radial clearance is reduced, the space formed between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing is reduced, the pretightening force is increased, the temperature is increased violently, the force signal collected by the wireless flexible pressure sensor changes, the sharply increased temperature data collected by the temperature sensor 42 is processed and fed back to the piezoelectric ceramic column 271, the piezoelectric ceramic column 271 extends to push the outer ring 91 of the bearing to move axially, the contact force of the ball 93 and the raceway at the initial moment is taken as a reference, the axial space of the inner ring and the outer ring of the test piece bearing is adjusted by the piezoelectric ceramic column 271, the, by calculating the numerical value of the elongation of the piezoelectric ceramic column 271, the elongation is the axial movement of the bearing outer ring, the relationship between the temperature and the axial movement of the outer ring is analyzed, the pre-tightening is adjusted by axially moving the bearing outer ring 91, and the displacement of the outer ring can be directly adjusted according to the temperature change value in the subsequent actual working condition monitoring process so as to adjust the pre-tightening of the bearing.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A kind of comprehensive analysis device with variable speed curved surface full ball bearing, characterized by that: the full-ball bearing (9) with the variable-speed curved surface comprises a bearing outer ring (91), a bearing inner ring (92) and balls (93) arranged between the bearing outer ring (91) and the bearing inner ring (92), wherein a concave pit (94) is formed in an inner channel of the bearing outer ring (91), two balls (93) are selected and are respectively marked as a rolling body I (931) and a rolling body II (932), a phosphor I is coated on the surface of the rolling body I (931), and a dot is coated on the surface of the rolling body II (932) by the phosphor II;
the comprehensive analysis device comprises a base (1);
the test piece unit comprises a test piece bearing seat (21) and a driving device, wherein the test piece bearing seat (21) is fixed on the base (1), the full ball bearing (9) with the variable speed curved surface is installed in the test piece bearing seat (21), and the driving device is used for driving the full ball bearing (9) with the variable speed curved surface to rotate;
the illumination unit comprises a laser exciter (31) fixed on the base (1) and used for irradiating the whole full-ball bearing (9) with the variable-speed curved surface;
a collection unit comprising a camera device (41), a temperature sensor (42), a pressure sensor (43) and a gyroscope (44);
the camera device (41) is fixed on the base (1), arranged around the full ball bearing (9) with the variable speed curved surface and used for capturing light rays reflected by the surface fluorescent agents of the first rolling element (931) and the second rolling element (932); the temperature sensor (42) penetrates through the test piece bearing seat (21) to be in contact with the bearing outer ring (91) and is used for acquiring the temperature of the full-ball bearing (9) with the variable-speed curved surface; the pressure sensor (43) is fixed in the concave pit (94) in an adhesive mode and used for collecting pressure signals between the ball (93) and the channel; the gyroscope (44) is fixed on the rotation center of the driving device and used for collecting rotation angular speed signals.
2. The integrated analytical device with variable speed curved surface full ball bearing according to claim 1, wherein: the driving device comprises a driving shaft (22), a driving motor (23), a motor base (24) and a coupler (25), wherein the driving motor (23) is fixed on the base (1) through the motor base (24), one end of the driving shaft (22) is connected with the driving motor (23) through the coupler (25) and provides rotating power through the driving motor (23), and the other end of the driving shaft penetrates through a variable speed curved surface full ball bearing (9) fixed on the test piece bearing base (21) and is in interference fit with the bearing inner ring (92).
3. The integrated analytical device with variable speed curved surface full ball bearing according to claim 2, wherein: the driving device further comprises at least one supporting mechanism (26), the supporting mechanism (26) is located between the test piece bearing seat (21) and the coupler (25) and comprises a supporting bearing (261) and a supporting bearing seat (262) which are matched with each other, and the supporting bearing (261) is sleeved on the driving shaft (22).
4. The integrated analytical device with variable speed curved surface full ball bearing according to claim 1, wherein: the laser exciter (31) is an adjustable blue-green light laser emitter, and the adjustable wavelength is 476 and 570 nm;
the absorption wavelength range of the first fluorescent agent is 476-570nm, and the excitation wavelength range is 560-605 nm;
the absorption wavelength range of the second fluorescent agent is 476-570nm, and the excitation wavelength range is 490-560 nm;
and the diameter of a dot formed by coating the surface of the rolling element II (932) with a fluorescent agent II is 1.8-4 mm.
5. The integrated analytical device with variable speed curved surface full ball bearing according to claim 1, wherein: the camera device (41) comprises at least one first camera device (411) and at least one second camera device (412), and the first camera device (411) is used for capturing light reflected by the fluorescent agent I; the second camera device (412) is used for capturing the light reflected by the second fluorescent agent.
6. The integrated analytical apparatus having a variable speed curved surface full ball bearing according to claim 5, wherein: the first camera device (411) and the second camera device (412) are respectively provided with two camera devices, the two camera devices are uniformly distributed around the full-ball bearing (9) with the variable-speed curved surface, and the first camera device (411) and the second camera device (412) are arranged at intervals; the camera device (41) is a CCD high-speed camera, and a filter (413) is further arranged on the CCD high-speed camera and used for filtering light emitted by the laser exciter (31) and external reflection interference light.
7. The integrated analytical device with variable speed curved surface full ball bearing according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure sensor (43) is a wireless flexible pressure sensor; the illumination unit further comprises a laser beam expander (32), wherein the laser beam expander (32) is installed at the transmitting end of the laser exciter (31) and used for expanding exciting laser into uniform large-diameter light beams.
8. The integrated analytical device with variable speed curved surface full ball bearing according to claim 1, wherein: the test piece unit further comprises a pressure applying device, the pressure applying device comprises at least two piezoelectric ceramic columns (271) and piezoelectric ceramic column supports (272), one ends of the piezoelectric ceramic columns (271) are pressed on the outer ring (91) of the bearing, and the other ends of the piezoelectric ceramic columns are fixed on the base (1) through the piezoelectric ceramic column supports (272) and used for applying pressure to the outer ring (91) of the bearing when a temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensor (42) rises sharply to force the outer ring (91) of the bearing to move axially; preferably, four piezoelectric ceramic columns (271) are arranged and uniformly pressed on the bearing outer ring (91).
9. An analysis method of a full ball bearing with a variable speed curved surface is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the comprehensive analysis device with the variable-speed curved surface full ball bearing is adopted according to the claims 1 to 8;
(2) starting a laser exciter (31), emitting laser with a specified wavelength, starting a driving motor (23) to drive a full-ball bearing (9) with a variable-speed curved surface to rotate at the rotating speed of 18000-;
(3) capturing light rays reflected by the first fluorescent agent and the second fluorescent agent by using a camera device (41), and analyzing and processing track images of the first fluorescent agent and the second fluorescent agent respectively to obtain a revolution motion track of the first rolling element (931) and a rotation motion track of the second rolling element (932);
(4) collecting a temperature signal of a full ball bearing (9) with a variable speed curved surface by using a temperature sensor (42);
(5) collecting a pressure signal between the ball (93) and the channel by using a pressure sensor (43);
(6) the gyroscope (44) is used for collecting angular velocity signals, a central coordinate system of the gyroscope (44) and a rotation central coordinate system with the variable-speed curved surface full-ball bearing (9) are established, and the angular velocity signals are converted into angular velocity information and deflection information of the variable-speed curved surface full-ball bearing (9) through analysis and processing and the geometric relation of the coordinate system.
10. A method of analyzing a full ball bearing with a variable speed surface as set forth in claim 9, wherein: also comprises the following steps: when the temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensor (42) rises sharply, the piezoelectric ceramic column (271) is commanded to extend to push the bearing outer ring (91) to move axially, the moving space of the ball (93) is increased, the pretightening force is adjusted, the temperature change tends to be smooth, the extension amount of the piezoelectric ceramic column (271) is calculated, and the adjusting condition of the pretightening force by the piezoelectric ceramic column (271) is recorded.
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