CN111024386A - Comprehensive test experiment table for dynamic characteristics of gear transmission - Google Patents
Comprehensive test experiment table for dynamic characteristics of gear transmission Download PDFInfo
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 14
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/021—Gearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive test experiment table for dynamic characteristics of gear transmission, belonging to the technical field of vibration test of gear transmission systems. The experiment table performs various motion simulations and various loading simulations through a PLC control system. Through the high-precision servo system and the encoder system, high-precision data can be acquired under the high-speed condition. Closed-loop control is formed by the high-precision PLC, the vibration displacement sensor and the rotary encoder, accurate and reliable rotating speed and torque can be provided for experiments, and high-precision and accurate data can be acquired in real time. The experiment table can be applied to the dynamic characteristic test of the gear transmission system under various complex working conditions, and is special equipment for the comprehensive test of the dynamic characteristic of the gear transmission. The experiment table is comprehensive in function, convenient and practical, and improves the working efficiency, the measurement precision and the accuracy of the gear transmission dynamic characteristic comprehensive test to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a comprehensive test experiment table for dynamic characteristics of gear transmission, which is used for testing the dynamic characteristics and the meshing state characteristics of a gear transmission system under various complex working conditions, including variable load, variable rotating speed and the like, is special equipment for the comprehensive test of the dynamic characteristics of the gear transmission, and can realize the tests of torsional vibration, meshing impact, vibration of a transmission shaft and a support bearing, vibration of a box body, corner deviation of the gear pair, transmission error, noise change of meshing of the gear pair, oil temperature, real-time rotating speed torque and the like. The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration testing of gear transmission systems.
Background
Gears are the most widely used parts in mechanical transmissions. With the improvement of the industrial level, the gear transmission develops towards the directions of high stability, high precision, high safety, high rotating speed and the like. As gear transmission structures have become increasingly complex, the resulting problems of mechanical vibration and noise have become problematic. Currently, there are a number of research efforts in diagnosing and detecting vibration, noise, and faults in gear systems. Most of the existing technologies are general mechanical structure vibration testing systems, which are limited to individually measure the vibration characteristics of specific mechanical structures, and no comprehensive dynamic characteristic testing experiment table for gear transmission systems is developed. The experiment table provided by the invention can be used for testing the dynamic characteristics, the meshing state characteristics and the like of the gear transmission system under various complex practical working conditions, so that the dynamic characteristics and the like of the gear transmission system are evaluated, and the working efficiency, the measurement precision and the accuracy of the comprehensive test of the dynamic characteristics of the gear transmission system are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The gear is a mechanical transmission part which is most widely applied, and is widely applied to various fields of aviation, navigation, vehicles, robots and the like. With the advent and implementation of "china manufacturing 2025", gear transmission systems have been developed to have high rotational speeds, high accuracy, high efficiency, long life, and intelligence. At present, dynamic instability of gear transmission caused by vibration, impact, noise and the like is a key problem affecting high-quality precision gear transmission.
The invention provides a comprehensive test experiment table for dynamic characteristics of gear transmission. The experiment table box body include box 1 on the experiment table, box 2 under the experiment table, experiment table base 3, experiment table base support frame 4, lateral part platform 5, go up box qianmen 6, lower box qianmen 11, go up box back door 14, lower box back door 15, workstation 9, workstation fixed pin 13 and ventilation hole 12. The experiment table upper box body 1, the experiment table lower box body 2 and the experiment table base 3 are fixed by bolts; the experiment table base 3 is connected with the experiment table base support frame 4 through bolts; the side platforms 5 are arranged on two side surfaces of the lower box body 2 of the experiment table through bolts; the front door 6 and the rear door 14 of the upper box body are respectively fixed on the upper box body 1 of the experiment table through hinges; the front door 11 and the rear door 15 of the lower box body are respectively fixed on the lower box body 2 of the experiment table through hinges, and a piece of glass is respectively arranged between the front door 11 and the rear door 15 of the lower box body, so that the internal working condition of the lower box body 2 of the experiment table can be observed conveniently; the working table 9 is fixed on the upper box body 1 of the experiment table through a hinge, the working table 9 has a movable range of 90 degrees, can be unfolded and placed when in work and forms a 90-degree angle with the front of the upper box body 1 of the experiment table, can be placed in parallel with the front of the upper box body 1 of the experiment table when not in work, and the working table 9 and the upper box body 1 of the experiment table are fixed through a working table fixing pin 13; the ventilation hole 12 is fixed on the side surface of the box body 1 on the experiment table, and a cooling fan is arranged inside the ventilation hole 12 and used for cooling the inside of the box body 1 on the experiment table.
The gear box consists of a gear box body 18, a driving wheel 24, a driven wheel 25, a gear shaft 30, a slip ring 31, an oil outlet 32 and an oil filling port 33. The gear box body 18 is fixed on the lower box body 2 of the experiment table through bolts, and an oil outlet 32 and an oil inlet 33 are arranged on the side part of the gear box body 18, so that lubricating oil can be conveniently injected and discharged; the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25 are fixed on the gear shaft 30, and the side surface of the gear box body 18 is provided with a center distance adjusting knob of the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25; the gear shaft 30 is arranged on the gear box body 18 through a supporting bearing; the slip ring 31 is fixed to the side surface of the gear housing 18 by bolts, and the gear shaft 30 is a rotating member, so that the sensor wire inside the gear housing 18 is connected through the slip ring 31.
The driving system consists of a driving motor 16, an input shaft 28, a coupling 20 and a frequency converter. The driving motor 16 is fixed on the lower box body 2 of the experiment table through bolts; the input shaft 28 is connected with a motor shaft and a gear shaft 30 through a coupler 20; the load system consists of a load motor 17, an output shaft 29, a coupling 20 and a frequency converter. The load motor 17 is fixed on the lower box body 2 of the experiment table through bolts; the output shaft 29 is connected with a motor shaft and a gear shaft 30 through a coupler 20; the frequency converter is respectively arranged in the driving system and the load system. The experiment table is driven and loaded by a high-precision and high-performance servo system.
The vibration detection system comprises a noise sensor 19, a rotating speed and torque sensor 21, an angular displacement sensor 22, a vibration displacement sensor 23, a thermocouple 26, a three-way acceleration sensor 27 and a signal collector. The noise sensor 19 is fixed on the top of the gear box 18 through bolts, is arranged above the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25, and is used for detecting the vibration noise of the gears. The rotating speed and torque sensor 21 is arranged on the input shaft 28 and the output shaft 29 and is used for measuring the rotating speed and the torque of the input shaft 28 and the output shaft 29, and calculating the deformation of the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25 through the difference value of the actually measured input torque and the actually measured output torque, so that the rigidity and the error of the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25 are obtained; the angular displacement sensors 22 are respectively fixed behind the slip rings 31 at the two side parts of the gear box body 18 and are used for measuring the deformation of the driving wheel 24, the driven wheel 25 and the gear shaft 30 and the actual rotation angle of the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25, and the deformation is calculated by comparing the measured value deviation of the two angular displacement sensors 22, so that the transmission error and the meshing rigidity of the gear pair can be obtained; the vibration displacement sensor 23 is fixed inside the gear box 18 and is used for detecting the vibration displacement of the driving wheel 24, the driven wheel 25 and the gear shaft 30; the thermocouple 26 is arranged in the gear box body 18 and is used for measuring the oil temperature and the room temperature; the three-way acceleration sensors 27 are respectively disposed on the gear box 18, the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25, and are used for measuring the vibration acceleration of the gear box 18 and the torsional vibration characteristics and the meshing state characteristics of the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25. The experiment table can acquire high-precision deformation and other data under a high-speed condition through a high-precision servo system and a high-precision encoder system which are reasonably configured. Closed-loop control is formed by the high-precision PLC, the vibration displacement sensor 23 and the rotary encoder, accurate and reliable rotating speed and torque can be provided for experiments, and the rotating speed and torque can be compared with the corresponding rotating speed and torque sensor 21 in real time, so that high-precision data can be acquired in real time, and experimental analysis is facilitated. The computer control system consists of a working display screen 7, a control panel 8, a workbench keyboard 10, a PLC control system and a data analysis system. The working display screen 7 and the control panel 8 are arranged on the front door 6 of the upper box body; the worktable keyboard 10 is arranged on the worktable 9; the control panel 8 and the workbench keyboard 10 are used for inputting data; the working display screen 7 is used for displaying the working condition of the experiment table; the PLC control system is used for carrying out various motion simulation and various loading characteristic simulation on the servo motion, so that different working conditions can be flexibly simulated, and the PLC control system has a powerful expansion function; the data analysis system is used for data processing and data analysis; the experiment table is provided with a rotating speed adjusting knob, a loading torque adjusting knob, a servo motor starting and stopping button and an emergency stopping button used for emergency at a control panel 8.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front side three-dimensional structure diagram of a comprehensive test experiment table for dynamic characteristics of gear transmission in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rear side three-dimensional structure of a comprehensive test bench for dynamic characteristics of gear transmission in the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a gear box of the comprehensive test bench for dynamic characteristics of gear transmission in the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a gear box of the comprehensive test bench for the dynamic characteristics of gear transmission in the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a comprehensive test bench for dynamic characteristics of gear transmission in the invention;
FIG. 6 is a three-view diagram of the comprehensive test bench for the dynamic characteristics of the gear transmission in the invention.
In the figure: 1. the experiment table comprises an upper experiment table box body, 2, a lower experiment table box body, 3, an experiment table base, 4, an experiment table base supporting frame, 5, a side platform, 6, an upper box body front door, 7, a work display screen, 8, a control panel, 9, a workbench, 10, a workbench keyboard, 11, a lower box body front door, 12, a ventilation hole, 13, a workbench fixing pin, 14, an upper box body rear door, 15, a lower box body rear door, 16, a driving motor, 17, a load motor, 18, a gear box body, 19, a noise sensor, 20, a coupler, 21, a rotating speed torque sensor, 22, an angular displacement sensor, 23, a vibration displacement sensor, 24, a driving wheel, 25, a driven wheel, 26, a thermocouple, 27, a three-way acceleration sensor, 28, an input shaft, 29, an output shaft, 30, a gear shaft, 31, a sliding ring, 32, an oil discharging port, 33 and an oil injecting port.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in figures 1-6, the invention is a comprehensive test experiment table for dynamic characteristics of gear transmission, which comprises an experiment table box body, a gear box, a driving system, a load system, a vibration detection system and a computer control system. The experiment table box body include box 1 on the experiment table, box 2 under the experiment table, experiment table base 3, experiment table base support frame 4, lateral part platform 5, go up box qianmen 6, lower box qianmen 11, go up box back door 14, lower box back door 15, workstation 9, workstation fixed pin 13 and ventilation hole 12. The experiment table upper box body 1, the experiment table lower box body 2 and the experiment table base 3 are fixed by bolts; the experiment table base 3 is connected with the experiment table base support frame 4 through bolts; the side platforms 5 are arranged on two side surfaces of the lower box body 2 of the experiment table through bolts; the front door 6 and the rear door 14 of the upper box body are respectively fixed on the upper box body 1 of the experiment table through hinges; the front door 11 of the lower box body and the rear door 15 of the lower box body are respectively fixed on the lower box body 2 of the experiment table through hinges, the workbench 9 is fixed on the upper box body 1 of the experiment table through hinges, the workbench 9 has a movable range of 90 degrees, can be unfolded and placed during working, forms a 90-degree angle with the front of the upper box body 1 of the experiment table, can be placed in parallel with the front of the upper box body 1 of the experiment table during non-working, and the workbench 9 and the upper box body 1 of the experiment table are fixed through a workbench fixing pin 13; the ventilation hole 12 is fixed on the side surface of the upper box body 1 of the experiment table, and a cooling fan is arranged in the ventilation hole 12.
The gear box consists of a gear box body 18, a driving wheel 24, a driven wheel 25, a gear shaft 30, a slip ring 31, an oil outlet 32 and an oil filling port 33. The gear box body 18 is fixed on the lower box body 2 of the experiment table through bolts, and an oil outlet 32 and an oil inlet 33 are arranged on the side part of the gear box body 18, so that lubricating oil can be conveniently injected and discharged; the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25 are fixed on the gear shaft 30, and the side surface of the gear box body 18 is provided with a center distance adjusting knob of the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25; the gear shaft 30 is arranged on the gear box body 18 through a supporting bearing; the slip ring 31 is fixed to the side surface of the gear housing 18 by bolts, and the gear shaft 30 is a rotating member, so that the sensor wire inside the gear housing 18 is connected through the slip ring 31.
The driving system consists of a driving motor 16, an input shaft 28, a coupling 20 and a frequency converter. The driving motor 16 is fixed on the lower box body 2 of the experiment table through bolts; the input shaft 28 is connected with a motor shaft and a gear shaft 30 through a coupler 20; the frequency converter is arranged in the driving system.
The load system consists of a load motor 17, an output shaft 29, a coupling 20 and a frequency converter. The load motor 17 is fixed on the lower box body 2 of the experiment table through bolts; the output shaft 29 is connected with a motor shaft and a gear shaft 30 through a coupler 20; the frequency converter is arranged in a load system. The experiment table is driven and loaded by a high-precision and high-performance servo system.
The vibration detection system comprises a noise sensor 19, a rotating speed and torque sensor 21, an angular displacement sensor 22, a vibration displacement sensor 23, a thermocouple 26, a three-way acceleration sensor 27 and a signal collector. The noise sensor 19 is fixed on the top of the gear box 18 through bolts, is arranged above the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25, and is used for detecting the vibration noise of the gears. The rotating speed and torque sensor 21 is arranged on the input shaft 28 and the output shaft 29 and is used for measuring the rotating speed and the torque of the input shaft 28 and the output shaft 29; the angular displacement sensors 22 are respectively fixed behind the slip rings 31 at the two side parts of the gear box body 18 and are used for measuring the deformation of the driving wheel 24, the driven wheel 25 and the gear shaft 30 and the actual rotation angle of the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25, and the deformation is calculated by comparing the measured value deviation of the two angular displacement sensors 22, so that the transmission error and the meshing rigidity of the gear pair can be calculated; the vibration displacement sensor 23 is fixed inside the gear box 18 and is used for detecting the vibration displacement of the driving wheel 24, the driven wheel 25 and the gear shaft 30; the thermocouple 26 is arranged in the gear box body 18 and is used for measuring the oil temperature and the room temperature; the three-way acceleration sensors 27 are respectively disposed on the gear box 18, the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25, and are used for measuring the vibration acceleration of the gear box 18 and the torsional vibration characteristics and the meshing state characteristics of the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25. The experiment table can acquire high-precision deformation and other data under a high-speed condition through a high-precision servo system and a high-precision encoder system which are reasonably configured. Closed-loop control is formed by the high-precision PLC, the vibration displacement sensor 23 and the rotary encoder, accurate and reliable rotating speed and torque can be provided for experiments, and the rotating speed and torque can be compared with the corresponding rotating speed and torque sensor 21 in real time, so that high-precision data can be acquired in real time, and experimental analysis is facilitated.
The computer control system consists of a working display screen 7, a control panel 8, a workbench keyboard 10, a PLC control system and a data analysis system. The working display screen 7 and the control panel 8 are arranged on the front door 6 of the upper box body; the working table keyboard 10 is arranged on the working table 9. The control panel 8 and the workbench keyboard 10 are used for inputting data; the working display screen 7 is used for displaying the working condition of the experiment table; the PLC control system is used for simulating various motions and loading characteristics of the servo motion, so that different working conditions can be flexibly simulated, and the PLC control system has strong expansion function; the data analysis system is used for data processing and data analysis. The experiment table is provided with a rotating speed adjusting knob, a loading torque adjusting knob, a servo motor starting and stopping button and an emergency stopping button used for emergency at a control panel 8.
In conclusion, the comprehensive test experiment table for the dynamic characteristics of the gear transmission can be applied to the dynamic characteristic and meshing state characteristic tests of the gear transmission system under various complex working conditions, including the conditions of variable load, variable rotating speed and the like. The experiment table is special equipment for comprehensive testing of dynamic characteristics of gear transmission, various motion simulation and various loading characteristics are carried out on servo motion through the PLC control system, different working conditions can be flexibly simulated, and the experiment table has a strong expansion function. Through a high-precision servo system and a high-precision encoder system which are reasonably configured, high-precision deformation and other data can be acquired under a high-speed condition, closed-loop control is formed through a high-precision PLC, a vibration displacement sensor and a rotary encoder, accurate and reliable rotating speed and torque can be provided for experiments, and the high-precision data can be acquired in real time by comparing the rotating speed and torque with a corresponding rotating speed and torque sensor in real time. The experiment table can realize the tests of torsional vibration, meshing impact, vibration of a transmission shaft and a supporting bearing, vibration of a box body, corner deviation of a gear pair, transmission error, noise change of gear pair meshing, oil temperature, real-time rotating speed torque and the like, and can obtain the time domain characteristic, the frequency domain characteristic and the change rule of vibration amplitude of gear transmission. The experiment table is comprehensive in function, simple to operate, convenient and practical, and improves the working efficiency, the measurement precision and the accuracy of the comprehensive test of the dynamic characteristics of the gear transmission system to a certain extent.
Claims (7)
1. Gear drive dynamic characteristic integrated test laboratory bench, its characterized in that: the experiment table comprises an experiment table box body, a gear box, a driving system, a load system, a vibration detection system and a computer control system. The experiment table box body comprises an experiment table upper box body 1, an experiment table lower box body 2, an experiment table base 3, an experiment table base supporting frame 4, a lateral platform 5, an upper box body front door 6, a lower box body front door 11, an upper box body rear door 14, a lower box body rear door 15, a workbench 9, a workbench fixing pin 13 and a ventilation hole 12. The gear box consists of a gear box body 18, a driving wheel 24, a driven wheel 25, a gear shaft 30, a slip ring 31, an oil outlet 32 and an oil filling port 33. The driving system is composed of a driving motor 16, an input shaft 28, a coupling 20 and a frequency converter. The load system is composed of a load motor 17, an output shaft 29, a coupling 20 and a frequency converter. The vibration detection system is composed of a noise sensor 19, a rotating speed and torque sensor 21, an angular displacement sensor 22, a vibration displacement sensor 23, a thermocouple 26, a three-way acceleration sensor 27 and a signal collector. The computer control system is composed of a working display screen 7, a control panel 8, a workbench keyboard 10, a PLC control system and a data analysis system.
2. The gear transmission dynamic characteristic comprehensive test experiment table according to claim 1, characterized in that: the experiment table upper box body 1, the experiment table lower box body 2 and the experiment table base 3 are fixed by bolts; the experiment table base 3 is connected with the experiment table base support frame 4 through bolts; the side platforms 5 are arranged on two side surfaces of the lower box body 2 of the experiment table through bolts; the front door 6 and the rear door 14 of the upper box body are respectively fixed on the upper box body 1 of the experiment table through hinges; the front door 11 and the rear door 15 of the lower box body are respectively fixed on the lower box body 2 of the experiment table through hinges; the working table 9 is fixed on the upper box body 1 of the experiment table through a hinge, the working table 9 has a movable range of 90 degrees, can be unfolded and placed when in work and forms a 90-degree angle with the front of the upper box body 1 of the experiment table, can be placed in parallel with the front of the upper box body 1 of the experiment table when not in work, and the working table 9 and the upper box body 1 of the experiment table are fixed through a working table fixing pin 13; the ventilation hole 12 is fixed on the side surface of the box body 1 on the experiment table, and a cooling fan is arranged in the ventilation hole 12.
3. The gear transmission dynamic characteristic comprehensive test experiment table according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gear box body 18 is fixed on the lower box body 2 of the experiment table through bolts, and an oil outlet 32 and an oil filling port 33 are arranged on the side part of the gear box body 18; the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25 are fixed on the gear shaft 30, and the side surface of the gear box body 18 is provided with a center distance adjusting knob of the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25; the gear shaft 30 is arranged on the gear box body 18 through a supporting bearing; the slip ring 31 is fixed to the side of the gear housing 18 by bolts.
4. The gear transmission dynamic characteristic comprehensive test experiment table according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving motor 16 is fixed on the lower box body 2 of the experiment table through bolts; the input shaft 28 is connected with a motor shaft and a gear shaft 30 through a coupler 20; the frequency converter is arranged in the driving system.
5. The gear transmission dynamic characteristic comprehensive test experiment table according to claim 1, characterized in that: the load motor 17 is fixed on the lower box body 2 of the experiment table through bolts; the output shaft 29 is connected with a motor shaft and a gear shaft 30 through a coupler 20; the frequency converter is arranged in a load system.
6. The gear transmission dynamic characteristic comprehensive test experiment table according to claim 1, characterized in that: the noise sensor 19 is fixed on the top of the gear box 18 through bolts and is arranged above the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25. The rotating speed and torque sensor 21 is arranged on the input shaft 28 and the output shaft 29; the angular displacement sensors 22 are respectively fixed behind the slip rings 31 at the two side parts of the gear box body 18; the vibration displacement sensor 23 is fixed in the gear box 18; the thermocouple 26 is arranged in the gear box body 18; the three-way acceleration sensor 27 is respectively arranged on the gear box body 18, the driving wheel 24 and the driven wheel 25. Closed loop control is formed by a high precision PLC, a vibratory displacement sensor 23 and a rotary encoder.
7. The gear transmission dynamic characteristic comprehensive test experiment table according to claim 1, characterized in that: the working display screen 7 and the control panel 8 are arranged on the front door 6 of the upper box body; the worktable keyboard 10 is arranged on the worktable 9; the PLC control system can simulate various motion simulation and various loading characteristics of servo motion, can flexibly simulate different working conditions and has very strong extended functions. The experiment table is provided with a rotating speed adjusting knob, a loading torque adjusting knob, a servo motor starting and stopping button and an emergency stopping button used for emergency at a control panel 8.
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CN113295404A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-08-24 | 重庆大学 | Aviation gear transmission experiment system capable of realizing high rotation acceleration and experiment method thereof |
CN113295404B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2023-03-31 | 重庆大学 | Aviation gear transmission experiment system capable of realizing high rotation acceleration and experiment method thereof |
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