CN111023621A - Multistage bypass and multistage dehumidification heat pump drying system - Google Patents

Multistage bypass and multistage dehumidification heat pump drying system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111023621A
CN111023621A CN201911336000.8A CN201911336000A CN111023621A CN 111023621 A CN111023621 A CN 111023621A CN 201911336000 A CN201911336000 A CN 201911336000A CN 111023621 A CN111023621 A CN 111023621A
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China
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pipe
bypass
point
heat pump
air
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CN201911336000.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111023621B (en
Inventor
刘忠彦
王宝瑞
金旭
洪文鹏
章罕伶
唐炜志
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Northeast Electric Power University
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Northeast Dianli University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/08—Humidity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/003—Supply-air or gas filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage bypass and multi-stage dehumidification heat pump drying system, which relates to the technical field of heat pump drying and comprises a multi-stage heat pump subsystem and an air circulation subsystem; the multi-stage heat pump subsystem includes a CO2A heat pump system, an R134a heat pump system, an R410a heat pump system, and a heat pipe heat pump system. The invention provides a multi-stage bypass and multi-stage dehumidification heat pump drying systemThe closed circulation of dry air or the discharge of the drying waste gas and the introduction of fresh air to form a semi-open system is realized by adjusting the air adjusting valve on the air duct, and the air bypass of the front part and the rear part of the condenser can be realized, so as to adjust the temperature, humidity and air volume in the drying box; the multi-stage heat pumps are connected in parallel, so that the compression ratio of the single-stage heat pump unit is reduced, and the heating efficiency of the heat pumps is improved. The quality stability of the dried product is improved, the requirements of a continuous drying process can be met, and the production capacity is improved.

Description

Multistage bypass and multistage dehumidification heat pump drying system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump drying, in particular to a multistage bypass and multistage dehumidification heat pump drying system.
Background
Drying, as a high energy consumption process, has accounted for more than 12% of the total industrial energy consumption. In recent years, the energy price is increased, the energy-saving effect of the traditional drying equipment is not obvious, the drying energy consumption is increased year by year, and the development of high-efficiency and energy-saving equipment structures and processes is urgently needed. The heat pump can recover the energy of the waste heat of the waste gas in the drying process, and the energy can be recycled and recycled, so that the energy consumption in the drying process can be reduced. The drying operation is not limited by the temperature and the humidity of the environment any more, the quality of the dried product is well maintained, the yield and the quality of the product are improved, and the method is particularly suitable for heat-sensitive foods and medicines. However, in the closed heat pump drying system, the conditions that the temperature of the supplied air is too high and the humidity is difficult to remove easily occur in the drying process. The heat pump unit is low in energy efficiency and not beneficial to drying quality.
The Chinese patent application No. 201410179407.5 discloses a curing barn, which is a curing barn with a set process temperature requirement maintained by adding an auxiliary heating device. However, after the curing barn is operated for a period of time, the temperature of the circulating air in the system is easily overhigh, and the drying quality is influenced.
The invention provides a heat pump type grain drying tower with a loop formed by the whole system of a Chinese invention patent application number 201510386768.1, which can recover the heat of waste gas, and achieves the purposes of energy saving and environmental protection by recovering latent heat in the waste gas. However, the energy consumption of the equipment is huge, a plurality of compressors are required to be connected in series for operation, and the energy consumption of the system is very high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-stage bypass and multi-stage dehumidification heat pump drying system, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art, improving the heating efficiency of a heat pump and the quality stability of a dried product, meeting the requirements of a continuous drying process and improving the production capacity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a multistage bypass and multistage dehumidification heat pump drying system, which comprises a multistage heat pump subsystem and an air circulation subsystem; the multi-stage heat pump subsystem includes a CO2A heat pump system, an R134a heat pump system, an R410a heat pump system, and a heat pipe heat pump system; the CO is2CO of heat pump system2Compressor outlet and CO2The refrigerant inlets of the first gas coolers are connected, CO2Refrigerant outlet of first gas cooler and CO2The refrigerant inlet of the second gas cooler is connected with CO2The refrigerant outlet of the second gas cooler is connected with the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve, and the outlet of the first electronic expansion valve is connected with the CO2Refrigerant inlet of evaporator connected, CO2Refrigerant outlet and CO of evaporator2The inlets of the compressors are connected; an outlet of an R134a compressor of the R134a heat pump system is divided into a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is connected with a refrigerant inlet of an R134a built-in condenser, the second branch is connected with a refrigerant inlet of an R134a external condenser, a refrigerant pipeline of an R134a built-in condenser outlet and a refrigerant pipeline of an R134a external condenser outlet are connected to a point R and then are connected with an inlet of a second electronic expansion valve, an outlet of the second electronic expansion valve is connected with a refrigerant inlet of an R134a evaporator, and a refrigerant outlet of the R134a evaporator is connected with an inlet of an R134a compressor; the outlet of the R410a compressor of the R410a heat pump system is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the R410a condenser, the refrigerant outlet of the R410a condenser is connected with the inlet of the third electronic expansion valve, the outlet of the third electronic expansion valve is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the R410a evaporator, and the refrigerant outlet of the R410a evaporator is connected with the inlet of the R410a compressor; fluorine pump outlet and heat pipe of heat pipe heat pump systemThe refrigerant inlet of the condenser is connected, the refrigerant outlet of the heat pipe condenser is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the heat pipe evaporator, and the refrigerant outlet of the heat pipe evaporator is connected with the inlet of the fluorine pump;
the air circulation subsystem comprises a drying box; the upper part of the drying box is connected with the first ventilation transverse pipe at a point a, and the lower part of the drying box is connected with the fourth ventilation transverse pipe at a point b; the left end of the first ventilation horizontal pipe and the upper end of the first ventilation vertical pipe are connected to a point c, and the lower end of the first ventilation vertical pipe and the left end of the fourth ventilation horizontal pipe are connected to a point d; the right side of the first ventilating horizontal pipe is connected with a second ventilating vertical pipe, the upper end of the second ventilating vertical pipe is connected with the first ventilating horizontal pipe at a point e, and the lower end of the second ventilating vertical pipe is connected with the fourth ventilating horizontal pipe at a point f; a second horizontal ventilation pipe is arranged at the position 800mm below the first horizontal ventilation pipe, and a third horizontal ventilation pipe is arranged at the position 1100mm above the fourth horizontal ventilation pipe; the right end of the second ventilating horizontal pipe and the second ventilating vertical pipe are connected to a point g, and the left end of the third ventilating horizontal pipe and the first ventilating vertical pipe are connected to a point h; a first bypass vertical pipe, a second bypass vertical pipe and a third bypass vertical pipe are sequentially arranged between the second ventilating horizontal pipe and the third ventilating horizontal pipe from left to right, the upper end of the first bypass vertical pipe is connected with the second ventilating horizontal pipe at a point i, the lower end of the first bypass vertical pipe is connected with the third ventilating horizontal pipe at a point j, the upper end of the second bypass vertical pipe is connected with the second ventilating horizontal pipe at a point k, the lower end of the second bypass vertical pipe is connected with the third ventilating horizontal pipe at a point l, the upper end of the third bypass vertical pipe is connected with the second ventilating horizontal pipe at a point m, and the lower end of the third bypass vertical pipe is connected with the third ventilating horizontal pipe at a; a fresh air pipe is arranged above the third air passing transverse pipe, the left end of the fresh air pipe is connected with the second bypass vertical pipe at a point o, and the right end of the third air passing transverse pipe and the fresh air pipe are connected at a point p; an exhaust fan is arranged at the left end of the second ventilating horizontal pipe, a seventh air volume adjusting valve is arranged on the second ventilating horizontal pipe between the first bypass vertical pipe and the exhaust fan, and a heat pipe evaporator, a first circulating fan and a circulating air filter box are sequentially arranged on the second ventilating horizontal pipes of the third bypass vertical pipe and the second ventilating vertical pipe from left to right; a second circulating fan and an electric heating pipe are sequentially arranged on a third ventilating horizontal pipe between the first ventilating vertical pipe and the first bypass vertical pipe from left to right; the inlet of the fresh air pipe is arrangedA fresh air fan is arranged above the air inlet filter box, and a fifth air volume adjusting valve is arranged between the right end of the third air cross pipe and the fresh air pipe; a second circulating fan and an electric heating pipe are sequentially arranged between the h point and the j point of the third ventilating pipe from left to right, and CO is sequentially arranged between the j point and the l point from left to right2First gas cooler, R134a built-in condenser, R410a condenser, CO2A second gas cooler, a heat pipe condenser, an R410a evaporator, an R134a evaporator, and CO sequentially arranged from left to right between point l and point n2An evaporator.
Optionally, the third air-passing cross pipe is provided with a second circulating fan, an electric heating pipe and CO in sequence from left to right2First gas cooler, R134a built-in condenser, R410a condenser, CO2Second gas cooler, heat pipe condenser, R410a evaporator, R134a evaporator, CO2The evaporator and a fifth air volume adjusting valve.
Optionally, an outlet pipeline of the R134a internal condenser and an outlet pipeline of the R134a external condenser are connected and then connected to an inlet of the second electronic expansion valve; and the inlet pipeline of the R134a internal condenser and the inlet pipeline of the R134a external condenser are connected and then connected with the R134a compressor.
Optionally, a third air volume adjusting valve is arranged between the points c and h on the first ventilation vertical pipe; a fourth air volume adjusting valve is arranged between the h point and the d point on the first ventilation vertical pipe; a first air volume adjusting valve is arranged between the points e and g on the second ventilating vertical pipe; and a second air volume adjusting valve is arranged between the g point and the f point on the second ventilating vertical pipe.
Optionally, a first bypass valve is arranged between the two points i and j on the first bypass riser; a second bypass valve is arranged between the points k and l on the second bypass vertical pipe; a third bypass valve is arranged between the m point and the n point on the third bypass vertical pipe; and a sixth air volume adjusting valve is arranged between the o point and the p point on the fresh air pipe.
Optionally, a circulating air filter box is arranged between the first circulating fan and the second ventilating vertical pipe; an air inlet filter box is arranged below the fresh air fan.
Optionally, the fresh air fan, the exhaust fan, the first circulating fan and the second circulating fan are all variable frequency fans; the CO is2The compressor, the R134a compressor and the R410a compressor are all frequency conversion compressors.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the multi-stage bypass and multi-stage dehumidification heat pump drying system provided by the invention solves the problems of the existing heat pump drying system, realizes the closed circulation of drying air or the discharge of drying waste gas and the introduction of fresh air to form a semi-open system by adjusting the air adjusting valve on the air duct, and can realize the air bypass of the front part and the rear part of a condenser so as to adjust the temperature, humidity and air volume of a drying room. The multi-stage heat pumps are connected in parallel, so that the compression ratio of the single-stage heat pump unit is reduced, and the heating efficiency of the heat pumps is improved. The quality stability of the dried product is improved, the requirements of a continuous drying process can be met, and the production capacity is improved. The air supply mode of returning under adopting and returning under sending, multiple evaporator and condenser carry out cooling and dehumidification and dry heating thermal process to dry air simultaneously in the wind channel, realize air bypass simultaneously around the condenser, draw multiple ventilation modes such as new trend around the evaporimeter, handle rationally to dry air, improved heat pump system performance, the humiture of effective control dry air supply guarantees the dry quality of material.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage bypass and multi-stage dehumidification heat pump drying system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a closed cycle top feed and bottom return mode of operation of the system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a closed cycle, top feed, back up mode of operation of the system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a front air bypass mode of operation of the condenser of the system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a post-condenser air bypass mode of operation of the system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the operation mode of introducing fresh air before the evaporator of the system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the operation mode of introducing fresh air into the evaporator of the system of FIG. 1;
description of reference numerals: 1-CO2A compressor; 2-R134a compressor; 3-R410a compressor; 4-a fluorine pump; 5-CO2A first gas cooler; 6-CO2A second gas cooler; 7-R134a is internally provided with a condenser; 8-R134a external condenser; 9-R410a condenser; 10-a heat pipe condenser; 11-a first electronic expansion valve; 12-a second electronic expansion valve; 13-a third electronic expansion valve; 14-CO2An evaporator; 15-R134a evaporator; 16-R410a evaporator; 17-a heat pipe evaporator; 18-a first air volume adjusting valve; 19-a second air volume adjusting valve; 20-a third air volume adjusting valve; 21-a fourth air volume adjusting valve; 22-fifth air volume adjusting valve; 23-sixth air volume adjusting valve; 24-seventh air volume adjusting valve; 25-a first bypass valve; 26-a second bypass valve; 27-a third bypass valve; 28-a first horizontal draft tube; 29-a second ventilating horizontal pipe; 30-a third ventilating horizontal pipe; 31-a fourth cross air duct; 32-fresh air pipe; 33-a first ventilation riser; 34-a second vent riser; 35-a first bypass riser; 36-a second bypass riser; 37-a third bypass riser; 38-fresh air fan; 39-an exhaust fan; 40-a first circulating fan; 41-a second circulating fan; 42-an electric heating tube; 43-air inlet filter box; 44-circulating air filter box; 45-drying box.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a multi-stage bypass and multi-stage dehumidification heat pump drying system, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art, improving the heating efficiency of a heat pump and the quality stability of a dried product, meeting the requirements of a continuous drying process and improving the production capacity.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The invention provides a multi-stage bypass and multi-stage dehumidification heat pump drying system, which comprises a multi-stage heat pump subsystem and a drying medium circulation subsystem as shown in figure 1; the multi-stage heat pump subsystem includes a CO2Compressor 1, R134a compressor 2, R410a compressor 3, fluorine pump 4, CO2 First gas cooler 5, CO2A second gas cooler 6, an R134a built-in condenser 7, an R134a external condenser 8, an R410a condenser 9, a heat pipe condenser 10, a first electronic expansion valve 11, a second electronic expansion valve 12, a third electronic expansion valve 13, and CO2Evaporator 14, R134a evaporator 15, R410a evaporator 16, heat pipe evaporator 17. Wherein, R410a is a novel environment-friendly refrigerant, does not destroy the ozone layer, has the working pressure about 1.6 times that of the common R22 air conditioner, and has high refrigerating (heating) efficiency. The R410a new refrigerant is composed of two quasi-azeotropic mixtures R32 and R125 of 50% respectively, mainly composed of hydrogen, fluorine and carbon elements (indicated as hfc), and has the characteristics of stability, no toxicity, excellent performance and the like. R134a (1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane) is a widely used medium-low temperature environment-friendly refrigerant, has good comprehensive performance, becomes a very effective and safe substitute of R12 (dichlorodifluoromethane), and can be applied to most fields using R12 refrigerant.
The drying medium circulation subsystem comprises a first air volume adjusting valve 18, a second air volume adjusting valve 19, a third air volume adjusting valve 20, a fourth air volume adjusting valve 21, a fifth air volume adjusting valve 22, a sixth air volume adjusting valve 23, a seventh air volume adjusting valve 24, a first bypass valve 25, a second bypass valve 26, a third bypass valve 27, a first ventilation cross pipe 28, a second ventilation cross pipe 29, a third ventilation cross pipe 30, a fourth ventilation cross pipe 31, a fresh air pipe 32, a first ventilation vertical pipe 33, a second ventilation vertical pipe 34, a first bypass vertical pipe 35, a second bypass vertical pipe 36, a third bypass vertical pipe 37, a fresh air fan 38, an exhaust fan 39, a first circulating fan 40, a second circulating fan 41, an electric heating pipe 42, an air inlet filter box 43, a circulating air filter box 44 and a drying box 45.
Specifically, the multi-stage heat pump subsystem includes a CO2A heat pump system, an R134a heat pump system, an R410a heat pump system, and a heat pipe heat pump system; CO 22CO of heat pump system2Compressor 1 outlet and CO2The refrigerant inlets of the first gas coolers 5 are connected, CO2Refrigerant outlet of the first gas cooler 5 and CO2The refrigerant inlet of the second gas cooler 6 is connected to CO2The refrigerant outlet of the second gas cooler 6 is connected to the inlet of a first electronic expansion valve 11, the outlet of the first electronic expansion valve 11 is connected to the CO2Refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 14 is connected, CO2Refrigerant outlet of evaporator 14 and CO2The inlets of the compressors 1 are connected; an outlet of an R134a compressor 2 of the R134a heat pump system is divided into two branches, the two branches comprise a first branch and a second branch which are intersected at a point q, the first branch is connected with a refrigerant inlet of an R134a built-in condenser 7, the second branch is connected with a refrigerant inlet of an R134a external condenser 8, a refrigerant pipeline of an outlet of the R134a built-in condenser 7 is connected with a refrigerant pipeline of an outlet of an R134a external condenser 8 after being connected with a point R and then connected with an inlet of a second electronic expansion valve 12, an outlet of the second electronic expansion valve 12 is connected with a refrigerant inlet of an R134a evaporator 15, and a refrigerant outlet of the R134a evaporator 15 is connected with an inlet of the R134a compressor 2; the outlet of the R410a compressor 3 of the R410a heat pump system is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the R410a condenser 9, the refrigerant outlet of the R410a condenser 9 is connected with the inlet of the third electronic expansion valve 13, the outlet of the third electronic expansion valve 13 is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the R410a evaporator 16, and the refrigerant outlet of the R410a evaporator 16 is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the R410a compressor 3; the outlet of the fluorine pump 4 of the heat pipe heat pump system is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the heat pipe condenser 10, the refrigerant outlet of the heat pipe condenser 10 is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the heat pipe evaporator 17, and the refrigerant outlet of the heat pipe evaporator 17 is connected with the inlet of the fluorine pump 4.
More preferably, the upper part of the drying box 45 is connected with the first horizontal ventilation pipe 28 at a point a, and the lower part of the drying box 45 is connected with the fourth horizontal ventilation pipe 31 at a point b; the left end of the first ventilation horizontal pipe 28 and the upper end of the first ventilation vertical pipe 33 are connected to a point c, and the lower end of the first ventilation vertical pipe 33 and the left end of the fourth ventilation horizontal pipe 31 are connected to a point d; the right side of the first ventilation horizontal pipe 28 is connected with a second ventilation vertical pipe 34, the upper end of the second ventilation vertical pipe 34 is connected with the first ventilation horizontal pipe 28 at a point e, and the lower end of the second ventilation vertical pipe 34 is connected with the fourth ventilation horizontal pipe 31 at a point f; a second transverse ventilation pipe 29 is arranged at the position 800mm below the first transverse ventilation pipe 28, and a third transverse ventilation pipe 30 is arranged at the position 1100mm above a fourth transverse ventilation pipe 31; the right end of the second ventilating horizontal pipe 29 is connected with the second ventilating vertical pipe 34 at a point g, and the left end of the third ventilating horizontal pipe 30 is connected with the first ventilating vertical pipe 33 at a point h; a first bypass vertical pipe 35, a second bypass vertical pipe 36 and a third bypass vertical pipe 37 are sequentially arranged between the second ventilating transverse pipe 29 and the third ventilating transverse pipe 30 from left to right, the upper end of the first bypass vertical pipe 35 is connected with the second ventilating transverse pipe 29 at a point i, the lower end of the first bypass vertical pipe is connected with the third ventilating transverse pipe 30 at a point j, the upper end of the second bypass vertical pipe 36 is connected with the second ventilating transverse pipe 29 at a point k, the lower end of the second bypass vertical pipe is connected with the third ventilating transverse pipe 30 at a point l, the upper end of the third bypass vertical pipe 37 is connected with the second ventilating transverse pipe 29 at a point m, and the lower end of the third bypass vertical pipe 37 is connected with the third ventilating; a fresh air pipe 32 is arranged above the third cross ventilation pipe 30, the left end of the fresh air pipe is connected with a second bypass vertical pipe 36 at a point o, and the right end of the third cross ventilation pipe 30 is connected with the fresh air pipe 32 at a point p; an exhaust fan 39 is arranged at the left end of the second ventilating horizontal pipe 29, a seventh air volume adjusting valve 24 is arranged on the second ventilating horizontal pipe 29 between the first bypass vertical pipe 35 and the exhaust fan 39, and a heat pipe evaporator 17, a first circulating fan 40 and a circulating air filter box 44 are sequentially arranged on the second ventilating horizontal pipe 29 of the third bypass vertical pipe 37 and the second ventilating vertical pipe 34 from left to right; a second circulating fan 41 and an electric heating pipe 42 are arranged on the third ventilation cross pipe 30 between the first ventilation stand pipe 33 and the first bypass stand pipe 35 from left to right; an inlet of the fresh air pipe 32 is provided with an air inlet filter box 43, a fresh air fan 38 is arranged above the air inlet filter box 43, and a fifth air volume regulating valve 22 is arranged between the right end of the third ventilating transverse pipe 30 and the fresh air pipe 32; the third jointThe second circulating fan 41 and the electric heating pipe 42 are sequentially arranged between the point h and the point j of the air transverse pipe 30 from left to right, and the CO is sequentially arranged between the point j and the point l from left to right2The first gas cooler 5, the condenser 7 built in the R134a, the condenser 9 of R410a, and CO2The second gas cooler 6 and the heat pipe condenser 10 are provided with an R410a evaporator 16, an R134a evaporator 15 and CO between the point l and the point n in turn from left to right2An evaporator 14.
In the present embodiment, the third ventilation cross-pipe 30 is provided with the second circulation fan 41, the electric heating pipe 42, and the CO once from left to right2The first gas cooler 5, the condenser 7 built in the R134a, the condenser 9 of R410a, and CO2 Second gas cooler 6, heat pipe condenser 10, R410a evaporator 16, R134a evaporator 15, CO2Evaporator 14, fifth air volume adjusting valve 22. In the R134a heat pump system, after the R134a built-in condenser 7 and the R134a built-out condenser 8 are connected in parallel, the refrigerant outlet is connected to the inlet of the second electronic expansion valve 12, and the refrigerant inlet is connected to the R134a compressor 2. A third air volume adjusting valve 20 is arranged between the points c and h on the first ventilation vertical pipe 33; a fourth air volume adjusting valve 21 is arranged between the two points h and d on the first ventilation vertical pipe 33; a first air volume adjusting valve 18 is arranged between the points e and g on the second ventilating vertical pipe 34; and a second air volume adjusting valve 19 is arranged between the two points g and f on the second ventilating vertical pipe 34. A first bypass valve 25 is arranged between two points i and j on the first bypass vertical pipe 35; a second bypass valve 26 is arranged between the points k and l on the second bypass vertical pipe 36; a third bypass valve 27 between the points m and n on the third bypass riser 37; a sixth air volume adjusting valve 23 is arranged between the o point and the p point on the fresh air duct 32; a circulating air filter box 44 is arranged between the first circulating fan 40 and the second ventilating vertical pipe 34; an air inlet filter box 43 is arranged in front of the fresh air fan 38. The fresh air fan 38, the exhaust fan 39, the first circulating fan 40 and the second circulating fan 41 are all variable frequency fans; CO 22The compressor 1, the R134a compressor 2 and the R410a compressor 3 are all frequency conversion compressors.
The multistage bypass and multistage dehumidification heat pump drying system has multiple working modes. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
operation mode of one-stage and multi-stage heat pump drying system
Multistage bypass and multistage dehumidification heat pump drying system are equipped with ten air regulating valves and four frequency conversion fans altogether, and this system still can regulate and control the fan amount of wind through air regulating valve's aperture and converter, realizes that closed, semi-open air cycle and drying cabinet are gone up to send back down, are sent back on down equal air current tissue mode to satisfy the required drying condition of different materials, reasonable utilization air supply air current is to the influence of drying process, improves dry material quality effectively, practices thrift the energy consumption.
Two, closed circulation up and down air supply mode
In order to realize different air supply modes in the drying box, meet different drying processes of different materials and improve the energy utilization rate, the multi-stage bypass and multi-stage dehumidification combined heat pump drying system can realize two air circulation switching modes of upward feeding, downward returning and upward feeding and upward returning of drying media in the drying chamber.
1. Closed cycle feed-up and return-down mode: as shown in fig. 2, the second air volume adjusting valve 19, the third air volume adjusting valve 20 and the third bypass valve 27 are opened, the high-temperature and high-humidity air after drying the materials is discharged from the lower part of the drying box 45, passes through the second air volume adjusting valve 19, is filtered and dedusted by the circulating air filtering box 44 under the action of the first circulating fan 40, is firstly cooled and dehumidified under the action of the heat pipe evaporator 17, and sequentially passes through the CO of the evaporation section along the third bypass vertical pipe 37 and the third bypass horizontal pipe 302After the evaporator 14, the R134a evaporator 15 and the R410a evaporator 16 are cooled and dehumidified step by step, the temperature and the moisture are respectively reduced and dehumidified in the heat pipe condenser 10 and the CO passing through the condensation section2 Second gas cooler 6, condenser 9 of R410a, built-in condenser 7 of R134a, and CO2The first gas cooler 5 and the electric heating pipe 42 heat the materials step by step, and the third ventilation cross pipe 30 can realize the gradual cooling, dehumidification and gradual heating of the air due to the arrangement positions of the heat exchangers, the processed air enters the drying box 45 along the first ventilation cross pipe 28 to dry the materials through the third air volume adjusting valve 20 under the driving of the second circulating fan 41, and a drying mode of feeding and returning the materials in a closed circulation mode is completed.
2. Closed cycle feed-back-up mode: as shown in fig. 3, the first air volume adjustment is turned onThe high-temperature and high-humidity air after drying the materials is discharged from the upper part of the drying box 45 through the valve 18, the third bypass valve 27 and the fourth air volume adjusting valve 21, passes through the first air volume adjusting valve 18, is filtered and dedusted by the circulating air filtering box 44 under the action of the first circulating fan 40, is firstly cooled and dehumidified under the action of the heat pipe evaporator 17, and sequentially passes through the CO in the evaporation section along the third bypass vertical pipe 37 and the third bypass horizontal pipe 302After the evaporator 14, the R134a evaporator 15 and the R410a evaporator 16 are cooled and dehumidified step by step, the temperature and the moisture are respectively reduced and dehumidified in the heat pipe condenser 10 and the CO passing through the condensation section2Second gas cooler 6, condenser 9 of R410a, built-in condenser 7 of R134a, and CO2The first gas cooler 5 and the electric heating pipe 42 heat step by step, and the third ventilation pipe 30 can cool down, dehumidify and heat the air step by step due to the arrangement positions of the heat exchangers, the processed air passes through the fourth air volume adjusting valve 21 under the driving of the second circulating fan 41, and enters the drying box 45 along the fourth ventilation pipe 31 to dry the material to complete a drying mode of feeding back under a closed circulation.
Three, closed cycle multiple bypass mode
In order to improve the drying effect, the multistage heat pump drying system is provided with two-stage bypass, and bypass air can be mixed with system circulating air respectively in front of a condenser and behind the condenser.
1. Condenser front air bypass mode: taking a blowing mode of a closed cycle of feeding air back and forth as an example, as shown in fig. 4, the second bypass valve 26 and the third bypass valve 27 are opened, high-temperature and high-humidity air is discharged from the upper part of the drying box 45, passes through the first air volume adjusting valve 18, is filtered and dedusted by the first circulating fan 40 through the circulating air filtering box 44, is subjected to temperature reduction and dehumidification for the first time under the action of the heat pipe evaporator 17, a part of circulating air enters the evaporation section of the heat pump subsystem through the third bypass valve 27 for temperature reduction and dehumidification, the other part of bypass air is mixed with the circulating air in front of the condenser through the second bypass valve 26, the mixed air enters the condensation section together for heating, and is sent into the drying box 45 under the drive of the second circulating fan 41. Along with the change of air bypass rate, can improve the air temperature who gets into the condensation segment effectively, reduce the heat load, still can regulate and control the air humidity who sends into the stoving case effectively, avoid air humidity too big, influence the quality of dry product.
2. Condenser rear air bypass mode: taking a closed-cycle air supply mode of feeding air back and forth as an example, as shown in fig. 5, a first bypass valve 25 and a third bypass valve 27 are opened, high-temperature and high-humidity air is discharged from the upper part of a drying box 45, passes through a first air volume adjusting valve 18, is filtered and dedusted by a circulating air filter box 44 under the action of a first circulating fan 40, is subjected to temperature reduction and dehumidification for the first time under the action of a heat pipe evaporator 17, and then a part of circulating air enters an evaporation section of a heat pump subsystem through the third bypass valve 27 to be cooled and dehumidified, passes through a condensation section to be heated and warmed, and the other part of bypass air crosses an air treatment section, is mixed with the circulating air after passing through a condenser by the first bypass valve 25, and then is fed into the drying box 45 under the drive of a. Along with the change of the air bypass rate, the humidity and the temperature of the air sent into the drying box can be effectively regulated and controlled. Avoid the evaporation stage not have the moisture to condense and separate out and cause the energy waste.
Four, half-open type multi-stage fresh air mode
When the heat pump drying system works at a high-temperature section, the performance of the heat pump system is reduced due to overhigh temperature of circulating air, and the quality of dried materials can be influenced. Therefore, by introducing the fresh air of the outdoor environment, the exhaust temperature of the compressor can be effectively reduced, the service life is prolonged, and the air supply temperature can be controlled.
1. Introducing fresh air in front of the evaporator: taking a blowing mode of a closed cycle of upward and downward air supply as an example, as shown in fig. 6, the first air volume adjusting valve 18, the third bypass valve 27, the fourth air volume adjusting valve 21, the fifth air volume adjusting valve 22 and the seventh air volume adjusting valve 24 are opened, high-temperature and high-humidity air is discharged from the upper part of the drying box 45, passes through the first air volume adjusting valve 18, is filtered and dedusted by the circulating air filter box 44 under the action of the first circulating fan 40, is firstly cooled and dehumidified under the action of the heat pipe evaporator 17, a part of the circulating air is discharged to the outside through the seventh air volume adjusting valve 24 under the action of the exhaust fan 39, and the other part of the circulating air enters the front end of the evaporation section through the third bypass valve 27. Outdoor fresh air enters the front section of the evaporator through the five-air-volume adjusting valve 22 under the action of the fresh air fan 38, is mixed with circulating air and then enters the evaporation section and the condensation section together for corresponding air treatment. The fresh air introduced in front of the evaporator can reduce the temperature of the waste gas entering the heat pump subsystem and reduce the temperature of the evaporator.
2. Introducing fresh air behind the evaporator: taking a blowing mode of a closed cycle of upward and downward air supply as an example, as shown in fig. 7, the first air volume adjusting valve 18, the third bypass valve 27, the fourth air volume adjusting valve 21, the seventh air volume adjusting valve 24, and the sixth air volume adjusting valve 23 are opened, high-temperature and high-humidity air is discharged from the upper part of the drying box 45, passes through the first air volume adjusting valve 18, is filtered and dedusted by the circulating air filtering box 44 under the action of the first circulating fan 40, is firstly cooled and dehumidified under the action of the heat pipe evaporator 17, a part of the circulating air is discharged to the outside through the seventh air volume adjusting valve 24 under the action of the exhaust fan 39, and the other part of the circulating air enters the front end of the evaporation section through the third bypass valve 27. Outdoor fresh air enters the rear end of the evaporator through the sixth air volume adjusting valve 23 under the action of the fresh air fan 38, is mixed with circulating air which is cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator section, and enters the condensation section together for heating and warming.
According to the invention, through the air regulating valve on the regulating air duct, the closed circulation of the drying air is realized, or the drying waste gas is discharged and introduced into the fresh air to form a semi-open system, and the air bypass of the front part and the rear part of the condenser can be realized, so that the temperature, humidity and air volume of the drying room are regulated. The multi-stage heat pumps are connected in parallel, so that the compression ratio of the single-stage heat pump unit is reduced, and the heating efficiency of the heat pumps is improved. The quality stability of the dried product is improved, the requirements of a continuous drying process can be met, and the production capacity is improved.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, the terms of orientation such as up, down, left, right, etc. related to the present invention are explained based on the drawings in the present invention, so as to facilitate understanding of the contents of the present invention, and do not have a limiting effect. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a multistage bypass and multistage dehumidification heat pump drying system which characterized in that: the system comprises a multi-stage heat pump subsystem and an air circulation subsystem; the multi-stage heat pump subsystem includes a CO2A heat pump system, an R134a heat pump system, an R410a heat pump system, and a heat pipe heat pump system; the CO is2CO of heat pump system2Compressor (1) outlet and CO2The refrigerant inlets of the first gas coolers (5) are connected, CO2Refrigerant outlet of the first gas cooler (5) and CO2The refrigerant inlet of the second gas cooler (6) is connected with CO2The refrigerant outlet of the second gas cooler (6) is connected with the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve (11), and the outlet of the first electronic expansion valve (11) is connected with the CO2The refrigerant inlet of the evaporator (14) is connected to CO2Refrigerant outlet of evaporator (14) and CO2The inlets of the compressors (1) are connected; an outlet of an R134a compressor (2) of the R134a heat pump system is divided into a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is connected with a refrigerant inlet of an R134a built-in condenser (7), the second branch is connected with a refrigerant inlet of an R134a external condenser (8), a refrigerant pipeline of an outlet of the R134a built-in condenser (7) is connected with a refrigerant pipeline of an outlet of an R134a external condenser (8) at a point R and then connected with an inlet of a second electronic expansion valve (12), an outlet of the second electronic expansion valve (12) is connected with a refrigerant inlet of an R134a evaporator (15), and a refrigerant outlet of the R134a evaporator (15) is connected with an inlet of the R134a compressor (2); the outlet of the R410a compressor (3) of the R410a heat pump system is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the R410a condenser (9), the refrigerant outlet of the R410a condenser (9) is connected with the inlet of the third electronic expansion valve (13), the outlet of the third electronic expansion valve (13) is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the R410a evaporator (16), and the refrigerant outlet of the R410a evaporator (16) is connected with the inlet of the R410a compressor (3); the outlet of the fluorine pump (4) of the heat pipe heat pump system is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the heat pipe condenser (10), the refrigerant outlet of the heat pipe condenser (10) is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the heat pipe evaporator (17), and the heat pipe evaporation is carried outThe refrigerant outlet of the device (17) is connected with the inlet of the fluorine pump (4);
the air circulation subsystem comprises a drying box (45); the upper part of the drying box (45) is connected with a first horizontal ventilation pipe (28) at a point a, and the lower part of the drying box is connected with a fourth horizontal ventilation pipe (31) at a point b; the left end of the first ventilation horizontal pipe (28) and the upper end of the first ventilation vertical pipe (33) are connected to a point c, and the lower end of the first ventilation vertical pipe (33) and the left end of the fourth ventilation horizontal pipe (31) are connected to a point d; the right side of the first ventilation horizontal pipe (28) is connected with a second ventilation vertical pipe (34), the upper end of the second ventilation vertical pipe (34) is connected with the first ventilation horizontal pipe (28) at a point e, and the lower end of the second ventilation vertical pipe (34) is connected with the fourth ventilation horizontal pipe (31) at a point f; a second ventilation cross pipe (29) is arranged at the position 800mm below the first ventilation cross pipe (28), and a third ventilation cross pipe (30) is arranged at the position 1100mm above the fourth ventilation cross pipe (31); the right end of the second ventilating horizontal pipe (29) is connected with the second ventilating vertical pipe (34) at a point g, and the left end of the third ventilating horizontal pipe (30) is connected with the first ventilating vertical pipe (33) at a point h; a first bypass vertical pipe (35), a second bypass vertical pipe (36) and a third bypass vertical pipe (37) are sequentially arranged between the second ventilating transverse pipe (29) and the third ventilating transverse pipe (30) from left to right, the upper end of the first bypass vertical pipe (35) is connected with the second ventilating transverse pipe (29) at a point i, the lower end of the first bypass vertical pipe is connected with the third ventilating transverse pipe (30) at a point j, the upper end of the second bypass vertical pipe (36) is connected with the second ventilating transverse pipe (29) at a point k, the lower end of the second bypass vertical pipe is connected with the third ventilating transverse pipe (30) at a point l, the upper end of the third bypass vertical pipe (37) is connected with the second ventilating transverse pipe (29) at a point m, and the lower end of the third bypass vertical pipe (37) is connected with the third; a fresh air pipe (32) is arranged above the third cross ventilation pipe (30), the left end of the fresh air pipe is connected with the second bypass vertical pipe (36) at a point o, and the right end of the third cross ventilation pipe (30) is connected with the fresh air pipe (32) at a point p; an exhaust fan (39) is arranged at the left end of the second ventilating transverse pipe (29), a seventh air volume adjusting valve (24) is arranged on the second ventilating transverse pipe (29) between the first bypass vertical pipe (35) and the exhaust fan (39), and a heat pipe evaporator (17), a first circulating fan (40) and a circulating air filter box (44) are sequentially arranged on the second ventilating transverse pipe (29) of the third bypass vertical pipe (37) and the second ventilating vertical pipe (34) from left to right; a third ventilation cross pipe (30) between the first ventilation vertical pipe (33) and the first bypass vertical pipe (35) is arranged on the upper part of the first ventilation cross pipeA second circulating fan (41) and an electric heating pipe (42) are arranged from left to right in sequence; an inlet of the fresh air pipe (32) is provided with an air inlet filter box (43), a fresh air fan (38) is arranged above the air inlet filter box (43), and a fifth air quantity regulating valve (22) is arranged between the right end of the third ventilation transverse pipe (30) and the fresh air pipe (32); a second circulating fan (41) and an electric heating pipe (42) are sequentially arranged between the h point and the j point of the third ventilating pipe (30) from left to right, and CO is sequentially arranged between the j point and the l point from left to right2A first gas cooler (5), a built-in condenser (7) of R134a, a condenser (9) of R410a, and CO2A second gas cooler (6), a heat pipe condenser (10), an R410a evaporator (16), an R134a evaporator (15), CO between the point l and the point n from left to right in sequence2An evaporator (14).
2. The multi-stage bypass and multi-stage dehumidification heat pump drying system of claim 1, wherein: the third cross ventilation pipe (30) is sequentially provided with a second circulating fan (41), an electric heating pipe (42) and CO from left to right2A first gas cooler (5), a built-in condenser (7) of R134a, a condenser (9) of R410a, and CO2A second gas cooler (6), a heat pipe condenser (10), an R410a evaporator (16), an R134a evaporator (15), CO2An evaporator (14) and a fifth air volume adjusting valve (22).
3. The multi-stage bypass and multi-stage dehumidification heat pump drying system of claim 1, wherein: an outlet pipeline of the R134a built-in condenser (7) and an outlet pipeline of the R134a external condenser (8) are connected and then connected with an inlet of a second electronic expansion valve (12); and the inlet pipeline of the R134a built-in condenser (7) and the inlet pipeline of the R134a external condenser (8) are connected and then connected with the R134a compressor (2).
4. The multi-stage bypass and multi-stage dehumidification heat pump drying system of claim 1, wherein: a third air volume adjusting valve (20) is arranged between the points c and h on the first ventilation vertical pipe (33); a fourth air volume adjusting valve (21) is arranged between the h point and the d point on the first ventilation vertical pipe (33); a first air volume adjusting valve (18) is arranged between the two points e and g on the second ventilating vertical pipe (34); and a second air volume adjusting valve (19) is arranged between the g point and the f point on the second ventilation vertical pipe (34).
5. The multi-stage bypass and multi-stage dehumidification heat pump drying system of claim 1, wherein: a first bypass valve (25) is arranged between the two points i and j on the first bypass vertical pipe (35); a second bypass valve (26) is arranged between the points k and l on the second bypass vertical pipe (36); a third bypass valve (27) is arranged between the m and n points on the third bypass vertical pipe (37); and a sixth air volume adjusting valve (23) is arranged between the o point and the p point on the fresh air pipe (32).
6. The multi-stage bypass and multi-stage dehumidification heat pump drying system of claim 1, wherein: a circulating air filter box (44) is arranged between the first circulating fan (40) and the second ventilating vertical pipe (34); an air inlet filter box (43) is arranged below the fresh air fan (38).
7. The multi-stage bypass and multi-stage dehumidification heat pump drying system of claim 1, wherein: the fresh air fan (38), the exhaust fan (39), the first circulating fan (40) and the second circulating fan (41) are all variable frequency fans; the CO is2The compressor (1), the R134a compressor (2) and the R410a compressor (3) are all frequency conversion compressors.
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