CN111022813B - Porous current-limiting noise-reducing pore plate and current-limiting noise reducer formed by same - Google Patents
Porous current-limiting noise-reducing pore plate and current-limiting noise reducer formed by same Download PDFInfo
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- CN111022813B CN111022813B CN201911223383.8A CN201911223383A CN111022813B CN 111022813 B CN111022813 B CN 111022813B CN 201911223383 A CN201911223383 A CN 201911223383A CN 111022813 B CN111022813 B CN 111022813B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
- F16L55/027—Throttle passages
- F16L55/02709—Throttle passages in the form of perforated plates
- F16L55/02718—Throttle passages in the form of perforated plates placed transversely
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
- F16L55/033—Noise absorbers
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Abstract
The invention provides a porous current-limiting noise-reducing pore plate and a current-limiting noise reducer formed by the same, wherein the porous current-limiting noise-reducing pore plate is formed by arranging a current-limiting hole in the center of the pore plate, arranging other current-limiting holes in a group of concentric circular arrangement, gradually increasing the number of current-limiting holes on concentric circles with different radiuses from inside to outside, ensuring that the center distances of adjacent current-limiting holes on the same concentric circle are the same, and arranging the radius difference of the adjacent concentric circles in an equal-difference array from the center to the edge of the pore plate. The flow-limiting noise reducer is composed of a pipe section and at least one porous flow-limiting noise-reducing pore plate arranged in the pipe section, and connecting flanges are arranged at two ends of the pipe section. Compared with the conventional porous current-limiting noise-reducing pore plate, the porous current-limiting noise-reducing pore plate has the advantages that the noise-reducing capacity is improved and the pressure loss is obviously reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reducing pipeline medium pressure and noise, in particular to a flow-limiting orifice plate technology, and specifically relates to a porous flow-limiting noise-reducing orifice plate which needs to reduce pressure and noise simultaneously in a large-pressure-drop pipeline, and a flow-limiting noise reducer formed by the orifice plate.
Background
Fluid flows through the perforated plate with the suddenly reduced cross section in the pipeline, and the fluid is partially blocked, so that the pressure of the fluid behind the plate is reduced, and the flow speed is increased. The flow rate of fluid flowing through the orifice plate is maintained at a certain value and is not increased any more no matter how the pressure difference is increased, as long as the upstream pressure of the orifice plate is certain, the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the orifice plate is maintained at a certain value and is not increased, the flow rate is limited and the pressure of a pipeline is reduced by utilizing the principle of a flow-limiting orifice plate, and the orifice plate has the characteristics of simple structure, easiness in processing, low manufacturing cost, convenience in installation and the like, and is widely applied to industrial production.
At present, a plurality of flow-limiting holes with equal diameters are formed in a circular thin plate and are generally selected from conventional porous flow-limiting hole plates, and the flow-limiting holes are usually arranged in various uniform modes such as annular, triangular and rectangular arrays. For a conventional multi-hole flow-limiting orifice plate, on one hand, after a fluid flows through the multi-hole flow-limiting orifice plate, the flow velocity is suddenly increased and then rapidly reduced to a stable value, the fluid at the central hole is blocked minimally, the flow velocity is maximum, the static pressure energy at the central position of the orifice plate behind the plate is obtained according to the relation between the static pressure energy and the kinetic energy stated by the Bernoulli equation, so that the flow beam is integrally converged towards the center of the orifice plate, and the non-uniform velocity distribution behind the plate is aggravated; on the other hand, a large pressure loss is generated due to the large amount of swirl in the recirculation zone in the jet gaps behind the plate. The large variation and maldistribution of pressure and velocity and the presence of large amounts of swirl make the overall flow stability of the media behind the plate poor.
In addition, the conventional porous restriction orifice plate has the defect that high decibel noise is generated after the plate is placed. The high decibel noise is mainly due to the fact that a plurality of limited jet flows are formed in a pipeline after fluid flows through a porous orifice plate, discontinuous speed fluctuation is formed between a jet flow core area and surrounding static fluid after jet flow is emitted from an orifice, according to the theory of double jet flows, a convergence area is formed between the plurality of jet flows after the fluid flows through the porous orifice plate, a backflow area between jet flows is formed in the convergence area, a near-wall backflow area is formed between each jet flow and a wall surface, a large number of vortexes exist in the two backflow areas, the speed difference between a high-speed jet flow area and the two backflow areas behind each central hole of the plate is large, and a large flow shearing force exists at the junction of the two areas, so that strong flow-induced noise and pipeline vibration are generated, and fatigue damage of pipeline equipment and environmental noise pollution are further caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a porous flow-limiting noise-reducing pore plate with a novel structure and a flow-limiting noise reducer formed by the porous flow-limiting pore plate, aiming at solving the problems of the porous flow-limiting pore plate in the prior art so as to reduce environmental noise pollution and fatigue damage of pipeline equipment.
The invention provides a porous current-limiting noise-reducing pore plate, which has the following structure: the center of the pore plate is provided with a flow limiting hole, the other flow limiting holes are arranged in a group of concentric circular ring shapes, the number of the flow limiting holes on the concentric circles with different radiuses is gradually increased from inside to outside, the center distances of the adjacent flow limiting holes on the same concentric circle are the same, the radius difference of the adjacent concentric circles is arranged in an arithmetic progression from the center to the edge of the pore plate, and the following equation is satisfied:
r1＝a
rn+1-rn＝a-nδ
d0＜rn-rn-1
0.03＜d0/D＜0.1
wherein r isnDenotes the radius of the nth concentric circle from the center to the edge of the orifice plate, d0The diameter of the orifice is limited, D is the diameter of the orifice, and a and delta respectively select the first term and tolerance of an arithmetic progression.
In the above technical solution of the present invention, the equation means that the radius difference of adjacent concentric circles forms an arithmetic series, and r is selected1The first term a and the last term r of the arithmetic progressionn-rn-1The term is n and the tolerance delta is negative. In order to avoid the distribution superposition of adjacent central holes, the radius difference of the last term of the array, namely the outermost two concentric circles, must be larger than the diameter d of the flow limiting hole0. To ensure that all of the flow restriction ports are aligned on the orifice plate, the first n-th sum of the series must be less than the radius of the orifice plate.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the radius difference of the concentric circles is in an arithmetic progression arrangement mode, and the upper limit flow holes of the orifice plate are distributed integrally in a form of sparse middle and dense edge because the tolerance is negative. For a conventional porous flow-limiting orifice plate, all flow-limiting orifices are uniformly distributed in the radius direction, and the radius difference of concentric circles is a certain value.
The selection of the hole number and the aperture of the flow limiting hole can obtain a better group of aperture and hole number combination through numerical simulation in the aspects of pressure loss, flow stability and noise reduction effect if a plurality of aperture and hole number selections meeting the requirements are generated under the condition of meeting the requirement of the arrangement mode in the technical scheme.
For the arrangement of the limiting holes on the pore plate, the arrangement area of the pore plate along the radial direction of the limiting holes is in direct proportion to the square of the radius of the concentric circles, so that the closer to the edge of the pore plate, the larger the total hole distribution area is. In order to better embody the idea that the middle of the flow limiting holes are sparse and the edges are dense, the number of the flow limiting holes on a preferred concentric circle is increased from the center to the edges of the orifice plate in sequence, and the number difference of the increase can be 1-10; the difference in the number of increases is preferably gradually increased from the inside to the outside.
Considering that a large number of vortexes and flow disorder exist in a near-wall surface backflow region, and turbulent boundary layer stress is mainly Newton shear stress based on time-average velocity, the noise generation mechanism is extremely complex, and the invention has no right to be bound, so that all the flow limiting holes are preferably arranged in a turbulent flow core region in order to avoid the problem of non-analyzable measurement.
The porous flow-limiting noise-reducing pore plate structure provided by the invention can be used singly, and also can be used in combination with a plurality of porous flow-limiting noise-reducing pore plates in a large-pressure-drop pipeline to form a multi-stage porous flow-limiting noise-reducing structure.
The porous current-limiting noise-reducing orifice plate provided by the invention can be used independently and can also be designed into a current-limiting noise reducer for use. For single use, the porous flow-limiting noise-reducing pore plate can be directly welded in a pipeline to form an embedded structure, and can also be connected by flanges to be clamped between two connecting flanges. The porous flow-limiting noise-reducing pore plate is designed into a flow-limiting noise reducer, namely, at least one porous flow-limiting noise-reducing pore plate is arranged in a pipe section, and connecting flanges can be arranged at two ends of the pipe section. The pipe section can be a straight column pipe section, a conical column pipe section or a straight conical column pipe section formed by the straight column pipe section and the conical column pipe section.
The invention provides a porous flow-limiting noise-reducing orifice plate with a novel structure, which is developed by the inventor based on the relationship between a velocity gradient and an internal friction force between fluid layers, wherein the velocity of a turbulent flow velocity distribution (shown in figure 1) fully developed on a flow section in a pipeline is obviously higher at the center of the pipeline than at the position close to a wall surface, and the theory of gradually reducing along the radius direction is deeply understood, the velocity distribution is homogenized by changing the arrangement of flow-limiting holes, and a more stable flow state is realized.
The porous flow-limiting noise-reducing orifice plate structure provided by the invention is simultaneously suitable for liquid and gas media, and can also be used in combination with single-phase or multi-phase fluid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. FIG. 3A is a schematic illustration of an exemplary perforated flow-restricting noise reducing orifice plate according to the present disclosure, and FIG. 3B is a post-plate flow cross-sectional velocity profile; fig. 4A is a perforated restrictor plate of a conventional structure, which is identical to the perforated restrictor plate of fig. 3A except for the difference in the radius of the concentric circles, and fig. 4B is a velocity distribution diagram of the flow cross section of the perforated restrictor plate of the conventional structure shown in fig. 4A. As shown in the figures 3B and 4B, the speed and pressure distribution trends of the perforated flow-limiting and noise-reducing perforated plate of the invention are basically consistent with those of the conventional perforated flow-limiting perforated plate, the center of each flow-limiting hole of the two structural plates has a maximum speed, the connection part of two adjacent flow-limiting holes has a minimum speed, and the maximum speed of the conventional perforated flow-limiting perforated plate is gradually reduced along the radial direction. Compared with the conventional porous flow-limiting orifice plate, the porous flow-limiting noise-reducing orifice plate has the advantages that the arrangement of the throttling holes is sparse from the center to the edge of the orifice plate and then dense, so that the flow resistance of fluid close to the center hole is properly increased, the flow resistance of fluid close to the edge of the orifice plate is reduced, the difference of each extreme value of pressure and speed after the orifice plate is reduced, and the integral distribution is uniform. FIG. 3B is a graph of the center line velocity profile along the direction of flow, and it can be seen from FIG. 3B that the axial velocity of the present invention returns to a steady range more quickly and the flow is relatively more stable. Especially, when a plurality of porous current-limiting noise-reducing pore plates are used in series, because the speed recovery is fast after the plates are arranged, the fluid between the two pore plates is developed relatively fully, the energy dissipation caused by the collision of a medium and the pore plates is relatively small, and the current-limiting noise-reducing effect is better.
2. The flow shearing force at the junction of each jet region and the backflow region behind the flow-limiting noise-reducing orifice plate is relatively small, and the maximum turbulent kinetic energy is small, so that the flow noise generated by the flow shearing force is smaller than that of the conventional porous flow-limiting orifice plate. In addition, because the flow state behind the plate is relatively stable, the range of each backflow area is narrower, on one hand, the permanent pressure loss of the fluid before and after flowing through the orifice plate is reduced, and on the other hand, the noise generated by vortex pulsation in the backflow area is also reduced. In a whole view, the invention effectively reduces the turbulence excitation and vortex noise of the fluid behind the plate and the noise generated by the interaction of the fluid and the orifice plate in the pipeline.
3. The existing pipeline noise reduction adopts a new pore plate structure in some cases, and other elements are added on the basis of a conventional pore plate to realize noise reduction. For a general noise reduction orifice plate, people pay more attention to the noise reduction effect, and when the purpose is met, the noise reduction orifice plate is often accompanied with the loss of certain current limiting and pressure reducing capacity. The invention only changes the arrangement mode of each flow limiting hole on the basis of the conventional porous flow limiting hole plate, and other structural parameters such as equivalent diameter ratio and the like are not changed, so that the requirements of flow limiting and pressure reducing are met, and meanwhile, the flow field details are changed due to the improvement of the position of the flow limiting hole, so that a certain noise reduction effect is added, the back vortex of the plate can be reduced, the pipeline vibration is relieved, the service life of the hole plate is prolonged, the flow limiting and noise reduction equipment can be combined into one, and the engineering application cost is greatly saved.
The porous flow-limiting noise-reducing orifice plate provided by the invention is based on a conventional porous flow-limiting orifice plate structure, and only by changing the arrangement mode of the flow-limiting orifices, the sound source and the sound radiation thereof are correspondingly changed due to the change of the details of the flow field behind the plate, so that the maximum decibel number behind the orifice plate and the decibel number of a pipeline after pressure recovery are correspondingly reduced. Compared with the conventional porous flow-limiting orifice plate, the porous flow-limiting noise-reducing orifice plate provided by the invention has the advantages that the noise reduction capability is improved and the pressure loss is obviously reduced, as described in embodiment 1, the maximum sound pressure level value of the porous flow-limiting noise-reducing orifice plate is about 110dB, the maximum pressure loss coefficient is 62.2, the maximum sound pressure level value of the porous flow-limiting noise-reducing orifice plate is about 115dB, the maximum pressure loss coefficient is 64.3, the maximum noise decibel value is reduced by 4.3%, and the maximum pressure loss coefficient is reduced by 3.3%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the well developed turbulent velocity profile over a flow cross section in a pipe
FIG. 2A is a schematic view of an exemplary multiple orifice flow restricting noise reducing orifice plate of the present invention.
FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the perforated flow-restricting and noise-reducing perforated plate shown in FIG. 2A, taken along line A-A.
FIG. 3A is a schematic view of another exemplary multiple orifice flow restricting noise reducing orifice plate of the present disclosure.
FIG. 3B is a velocity profile of a post-flow cross-section of the perforated flow-restricting noise reduction orifice plate of FIG. 3A.
Fig. 4A is a conventional perforated restrictor plate having the same configuration as the plate of fig. 3A except for the difference in the radii of the concentric circles.
FIG. 4B is a graph of post-flow cross-sectional velocity profile of the conventional perforated restrictor orifice plate of FIG. 4A.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the change in centerline velocity in the direction of flow for both configurations of fig. 3A and 4A.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the variation of the pressure loss coefficient in the two structures of fig. 3A and 4A.
FIG. 7 is a velocity flow diagram of a symmetry plane of the perforated flow-restricting noise reduction orifice plate shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 8 is a velocity flow diagram of a plane of symmetry of the conventional perforated restrictor orifice plate shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 9 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the perforated flow-restricting noise reduction orifice plate configuration shown in FIG. 3A.
FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an exemplary current limiting noise reducer according to the present disclosure.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the present invention is made with reference to specific examples and accompanying drawings, which are provided for illustration and not for limitation of the present invention.
In some embodiments, the flow restriction hole is not limited to a circular hole, and various hole structures such as a tapered hole, a semi-circular hole, a convergent-divergent hole and the like can be adopted, and the hole pattern can be further optimized.
In some embodiments, the perforated flow restricting noise reduction orifice is not limited to circular orifices, and for some particular tubes, such as rectangular tubes, etc., a corresponding orifice shape may be used.
Example 1:
the structure of the porous flow-limiting noise-reducing orifice plate disclosed in this embodiment is shown in fig. 3A, and the installation manner is shown in fig. 9. The porous restriction orifice plate of making an uproar that falls of restriction of this embodiment, its orifice plate diameter is 203mm, and orifice plate thickness is 12mm, and restriction orifice radius is 16mm, and restriction orifice figure is 25, follows the orifice plate center to marginal restriction orifice figure and is in proper order: 1. 6, 8 and 10, wherein the radius difference of adjacent concentric circles where the flow limiting holes are located is as follows in sequence: 34mm, 26mm and 18 mm. The fluid medium used by the porous flow-limiting noise-reducing orifice plate of the embodiment is steam inlet pressure of 1.56MPa and mass flow of 0.85 kg/s. The porous flow-limiting noise-reducing pore plate is directly welded in a pipeline, so that the flow-limiting noise-reducing effect is realized.
The comparative example is the conventional perforated restriction orifice plate shown in fig. 4A, which is compared with the perforated restriction and noise reduction orifice plate described in the above example, except that the radiuses of the concentric circles are different, the other parameters are the same, and the radius difference between adjacent concentric circles is 26 mm. As shown in fig. 7 and fig. 8, comparing the velocity flow diagrams of the two structures, it can be seen that the velocity distribution is more uniform and the velocity is rapidly recovered after the plate of the present invention, and the medium flow state is more stable. The maximum sound pressure level value of the porous current-limiting noise-reducing orifice plate is about 110dB, the maximum pressure loss coefficient is 62.2, the maximum sound pressure level value of the conventional porous current-limiting orifice plate is about 115dB, and the maximum pressure loss coefficient is 64. As shown in fig. 5 and 6.
Example 2:
the structure of the current-limiting noise reducer disclosed in this embodiment is shown in fig. 10, and the current-limiting noise reducer includes four porous current-limiting noise-reducing orifice plates, two reducing pipes, a straight pipe section, and two flanges; the pore plates of all levels are arranged in an arithmetic progression mode by adopting the concentric circle radius difference of the invention, the pore plates of the levels are welded with pipelines, and both ends are connected with inlet and outlet pipelines by flanges, thus integrally forming a four-level porous flow-limiting noise reducer.
Claims (7)
1. A porous current-limiting noise-reducing orifice plate is characterized in that: be equipped with a restricted orifice at the orifice plate center, remaining restricted orifice is a set of concentric ring shape and arranges, and the restricted orifice quantity that is located on the concentric circle of different radiuses increases from inside to outside gradually, and the centre-to-centre spacing that is located adjacent restricted orifice on same concentric circumference is the same, and the radius difference of adjacent concentric circle is arranged to the edge from the orifice plate center to be the arithmetic progression, and satisfies the equation:
whereinr nIndicating from the center to the edge of the orifice platenThe radius of the individual concentric circles is,d 0in order to limit the aperture of the flow hole,Dthe diameter of the pore plate is the diameter of the pore plate,a、δthe first term and the tolerance of the arithmetic progression are respectively selected.
2. The perforated flow-restricting noise reducing orifice plate of claim 1, wherein: the number difference of the orifices on the adjacent concentric circles is 1-10.
3. The perforated flow-restricting noise reducing orifice plate of claim 2, wherein: the number difference of the flow restricting holes on the adjacent concentric circles is gradually increased from inside to outside.
4. The perforated flow-restricting noise reducing orifice plate of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: all restricted orifices are arranged on the corresponding orifice plate surface of the turbulent flow core area.
5. The flow-restricting noise reducer formed by a perforated flow-restricting noise reducing orifice plate of claim 4, wherein: is composed of at least one perforated flow-restricting noise-reducing orifice plate arranged in the pipe section.
6. The current-limiting noise reducer of claim 5, wherein: and connecting flanges are arranged at two ends of the pipe section provided with at least one porous flow-limiting noise-reducing pore plate.
7. The current-limiting noise reducer of claim 6, wherein: the pipe section is a straight column pipe section, a conical column pipe section or a straight conical column pipe section formed by the straight column pipe section and the conical column pipe section.
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| CN111735508A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-02 | 艾加流体控制(上海)有限公司 | Radiation type slot type orifice plate |
| CN113464758A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-01 | 广西科技大学 | Expansion silencer structure capable of adjusting perforation rate |
| CN113531268A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-22 | 广西科技大学 | Reactive muffler structure of adjustable perforation rate |
| CN114233909A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-03-25 | 玫德集团临沂有限公司 | Pipe clamp assembly |
| CN114738239A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-12 | 深圳市安保医疗科技股份有限公司 | Silencer and air compressor |
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