CN111022544A - Eddy current damping device using lever mechanism - Google Patents
Eddy current damping device using lever mechanism Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111022544A CN111022544A CN202010005127.8A CN202010005127A CN111022544A CN 111022544 A CN111022544 A CN 111022544A CN 202010005127 A CN202010005127 A CN 202010005127A CN 111022544 A CN111022544 A CN 111022544A
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- Prior art keywords
- lever
- permanent magnet
- eddy current
- conductor
- damping device
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F6/00—Magnetic springs; Fluid magnetic springs, i.e. magnetic spring combined with a fluid
- F16F6/005—Magnetic springs; Fluid magnetic springs, i.e. magnetic spring combined with a fluid using permanent magnets only
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/023—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising rolling elements, e.g. balls, pins
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/30—Metal
Abstract
The invention discloses an eddy current damping device utilizing a lever mechanism, which comprises a permanent magnet array, a lever clamping plate, a lever rod body, a first lever cover plate, a second lever cover plate, a shaft sleeve, a self-lubricating sliding plate, a bolt, an ear seat, a first adjusting screw, a support column, an inner side magnetic steel plate, an outer side magnetic steel plate, an inner side conductor, an outer side conductor and a second adjusting screw. The eddy current damping device is connected with the TMD mass block and the base. The device greatly reduces the using amount of the permanent magnet, uses the magnetic fields at two sides of the permanent magnet, obtains the required damping force by a small amount of permanent magnets through the amplifying mechanism, and reduces the difficulty and risk of permanent magnet installation; the bearing capacity is large, the friction force is low, and the durability is high; the magnetic shielding measure is provided, so that the influence of a magnetic field on the surrounding environment can be reduced; the continuous stepless adjustment of the magnetic field gap can be realized, namely the damping force can be adjusted steplessly; the performance is stable under TMD vibration with high cycle number, and the temperature rises slowly.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of vibration reduction of structures and machinery such as buildings, bridges, structures and the like, in particular to an eddy current damping device utilizing a lever mechanism.
Background art:
along with the development of the building and the bridge in the direction of ultrahigh and ultra-large span, the structure of the bridge easily generates large vibration under the excitation of external load, and when the frequency of an excitation force is close to the natural frequency of the structure, the structure can cause large vibration due to resonance, and even serious results are caused. A Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) is a vibration control device widely applied to building and bridge engineering, the TMD utilizes an inertia system to absorb structural vibration energy and generate resonance with phase difference to reduce acceleration, displacement and load of a building or a bridge under wind and pedestrian load due to resonance effect, the TMD is a vibration mechanism connected with a controlled structure and consists of three units of Mass, rigidity and damping, the optimal vibration damping efficiency is obtained by adjusting the relation between the parameters of the three units and the Mass and the natural vibration frequency of the controlled structure, in addition, as the design Mass and the natural vibration frequency of the controlled structure have deviation from the actual situation, the vibration frequency and the damping of the TMD need to be further adjusted according to the actual situation after the engineering is finished.
The conventional TMD includes a mass unit composed of a steel material, a stiffness unit composed of a spring or a suspension rope, and a damping unit composed of a liquid viscous damper. The liquid viscous damper used in the conventional TMD has the following problems: 1) the damping force cannot be adjusted after installation; 2) when the device works frequently, the sealing ring is easy to wear, so that oil leakage is caused, and the device belongs to a quick-wear part which needs to be replaced; 3) the piston rod is hooped by the sealing ring, so that the friction force is large, and the damper is not easy to start; 4) temperature changes have a large impact on the performance of the damping.
At present, technicians apply eddy current dampers to TMD instead of liquid viscous dampers, but the eddy current dampers are mostly single-sided plate type eddy current dampers. The eddy current damper provides damping force through Lorentz force generated by relative motion between the permanent magnet and a conductor on one side of the permanent magnet, specifically, a gap (magnetic field gap) exists between the permanent magnet and the conductor, the relative motion of the permanent magnet and the conductor enables the magnetic field of the permanent magnet to cut the conductor, induced eddy current is generated in the conductor, the electromagnetic field of the induced eddy current is opposite to the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, and damping force for blocking the relative motion of the permanent magnet and the conductor is generated. The damping force is proportional to the relative movement speed and increases sharply as the magnetic field gap decreases. Most of the existing eddy current dampers are single-side plate type eddy current dampers, for example, patent 2013100804643 and patent 2016108706498, the plane or curved surface formed by the permanent magnet array is parallel to the plane or curved surface formed by the conductor, and a gap exists between the plane or curved surface and the plane or curved surface, so that relative motion is generated on the plane or curved surface.
However, the plate type eddy current damper has the following problems: 1) when vibration perpendicular to the plane or curved surface direction of the permanent magnet and the conductor occurs, the magnetic field gap is difficult to ensure, the damping force is unstable, and the permanent magnet and the conductor are easy to collide under the condition that the magnetic field gap is small; 2) when the areas of the permanent magnet and the conductor are large, the magnetic field gap is difficult to ensure and the damping force deviation is difficult to control due to processing and mounting errors and self-weight deformation; 3) due to problems 1) and 2), the magnetic field gap cannot be made very small, and the utilization rate of magnetic field energy is not high; 4) only the magnetic field on one side of the permanent magnet is utilized, and no conductor is arranged on the other side, so that the utilization rate of the magnetic field is not high; 5) the area is large and is not easy to arrange; 6) the permanent magnet has large attraction force (the larger permanent magnet attraction force is usually tens of kilograms), the number is large, the manual installation is difficult, and the permanent magnet is often damaged or injured during the installation.
In order to overcome the problems of plate-type eddy current dampers, researchers have developed other types of eddy current dampers. For example, patent 201610895139 provides an intelligent eddy current sensing damping device, in which a piston rod is inserted into the center of an electromagnetic shield, a permanent magnet unit is connected to the bottom end of the piston rod, a copper conductor is fixed inside the electromagnetic shield, a permanent magnet is fixed at the bottom of the copper conductor, and the permanent magnet unit at the bottom end of the piston rod and the permanent magnet at the bottom of the copper conductor are displaced relatively during the movement of the piston rod to generate a damping force.
Patent 2014104755284 discloses a large axial eddy current damper made by using screw drive, which comprises a drive assembly and an eddy current damper generator, wherein the drive assembly comprises a screw drive pair (ball screw), a stator made of magnetic conductive material and a rotor; the screw rod of the screw transmission pair penetrates through the damper main body, the stator is arranged on the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate, the rotor comprises an outer rotor and an inner rotor, the bottom end of the inner rotor is provided with a lower connecting flange plate, and one or more eddy current damping generators (a permanent magnet and a conductor) are arranged between the stator and the outer rotor. The device adopts ball screw transmission, and axial force exerts pressure to the ball, makes axial motion change into pivoting motion through the direction of screw raceway, because ball screw has adopted the steel ball to bear as the operation, and bearing capacity is lower to it is higher to lubricated condition requirement, the lubrication of need regularly oiling. Meanwhile, the requirement on the use environment is also improved, and dust prevention is required to avoid impurities from entering the roller path. .
Patent CN207437653U discloses a seat-type internal rotation axial eddy current damper, the inner cylinder of the damper can rotate in the outer cylinder, multiple sets of eddy current damping assemblies are arranged along the axial direction of the inner cylinder or the outer cylinder, the coil assembly of the eddy current damping assembly is wound on the outer wall of the inner cylinder along the axial direction of the inner cylinder, and the magnetic sheet of the magnetic assembly is arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder along the axial direction of the outer cylinder. The device also adopts the mode of inside rotation to realize the motion of magnetic sheet, improves the magnetic field utilization ratio.
At present, although the damping effect of some eddy current dampers is enlarged, the structures are complex, the bearing capacity is low, an internal rotation mode is mostly adopted, the requirements on transmission structures are high, the friction force is high under the condition of no lubrication, the abrasion is serious, the maintenance is difficult, and the damping force cannot be adjusted according to the debugging requirements of TMD.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide an eddy current damping device utilizing a lever mechanism, which solves the problems in the prior art, including a large number of permanent magnets, difficulty in installation, influence of a magnetic field on the surrounding environment, complex structure, low bearing capacity, high requirement on a transmission structure, high friction force under the condition of no lubrication, serious abrasion, difficulty in maintenance and incapability of adjusting the damping force according to the debugging requirement of TMD.
The invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an utilize lever mechanism's eddy current damping device, includes permanent magnet array, lever splint, lever pole body, first lever apron, second lever apron, axle sleeve, self-lubricating slide, bolt, ear seat, first adjusting screw, support column, inboard magnetic conduction steel sheet, outside magnetic conduction steel sheet, inboard conductor, outside conductor and second adjusting screw, the permanent magnet array passes through coupling mechanism and is connected with lever pole body, one side of permanent magnet array is equipped with inboard conductor, be equipped with equipment mechanism on the inboard conductor.
Preferably, the connecting mechanism comprises a lever clamping plate fixedly connected to the permanent magnet array, the permanent magnet array is connected with one end of a lever body through the lever clamping plate through a screw, and a shaft sleeve is installed in a round hole in the middle of the lever body and is fixed through a first lever cover plate through a screw.
Preferably, the other end of the lever body is provided with a long circular hole, the bolt is movably sleeved in the long circular hole, and one end of the bolt is fixed on the TMD mass block.
Preferably, the diameter of the long round hole is larger than that of the bolt, a second lever cover plate is mounted on the upper portion and the lower portion of the long round hole through screws, and the self-lubricating sliding plate is fixed on one side, facing the long round hole, of the second lever cover plate through the screws.
Preferably, installation mechanism includes the axle sleeve, wear the bolt and be connected with the ear seat round hole in the axle sleeve, the ear seat is connected with the support column that the bottom is fixed in on the TMD base.
Preferably, the ear seat is in threaded connection with a slotted hole in the top of a support column, the bottom of the support column is fixed on the TMD base, and the fixing position of the ear seat can be adjusted back and forth along the slotted hole.
Preferably, the assembly mechanism comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor, the permanent magnet array is arranged between the inner conductor and the outer conductor and keeps a certain gap, and the inner conductor and the outer conductor are fixed on the TMD mass block through second adjusting screws.
Preferably, the assembly structure further comprises an inner side magnetic steel plate and an outer side magnetic steel plate, and the inner side conductor and the outer side conductor are respectively overlapped with the inner side magnetic steel plate and the outer side magnetic steel plate.
Preferably, the second adjusting screw is provided with a nut, and the gap between the inner conductor and the outer conductor can be adjusted through the nut on the second adjusting screw.
The eddy current damping device is installed in the TMD to be used as a damping system of the TMD. Specifically, the bolt (8) and the inner side magnetic conduction steel plate (12) are respectively bolted and welded with the TMD mass block, and the bottom of the support column (11) is connected or welded with the TMD base through a screw.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the relative movement speed of the permanent magnet and the conductor is amplified by a lever mechanism, and a small amount of permanent magnets are used for obtaining required damping force through the amplifying mechanism, so that the using amount of the permanent magnets is greatly reduced; the damping force of the damping device is F ═ CV (L)2/L1+1)2Wherein C is the permanent magnet damping coefficient; v is TMD vibration speed; l is2The distance from the center of the permanent magnet to the center of the bolt (8); l is1Is the distance from the center of the bolt (8) to the center of the bolt (8). For example, amplitude and velocity amplification by a factor of 2 (L)2/L12) may amplify the damping force by a factor of 9.
2. The magnetic fields on the two sides of the permanent magnet are utilized, so that the suction force on the two sides can be balanced, the utilization rate of the magnetic field can be improved, and the using amount of the permanent magnet can be further reduced;
3. the use amount of the permanent magnet is reduced, so that the difficulty and the risk of mounting the permanent magnet can be reduced;
4. the lever mechanism has large bearing capacity and can be used for TMD with larger load requirement;
5. the device has low friction and high durability;
6. the outer magnetic conduction steel plate has a magnetic shielding effect while increasing the damping effect, so that the influence of a magnetic field on the surrounding environment can be reduced;
7. the continuous stepless adjustment of the magnetic field gap can be realized, namely the damping force can be adjusted steplessly;
8. the performance is stable under high cycle times, and the temperature rises slowly.
Description of the drawings:
in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional front view of an eddy current damping device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a TMD incorporating the eddy current damping device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a TMD incorporating the eddy current damping device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of experimental data for the free damping of a TMD equipped with an eddy current damping device of the present invention with the damping device adjusted to different magnetic field gaps.
In the figure: 1. an array of permanent magnets; 2. a lever clamp plate; 3. a lever body; 4. a first lever cover plate; 5. a second lever cover plate; 6. a shaft sleeve; 7. self-lubricating sliding plates; 8. a bolt; 9. an ear mount; 10. a first adjusting screw; 11. a support pillar; 12. an inner magnetic conductive steel plate; 13. an outer magnetic conductive steel plate; 14. an inner conductor; 15. an outer conductor; 16. a second adjusting screw; 17. TMD mass block; 18. a TMD spring; 19. an eddy current damping device.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution: the TMD comprises a TMD mass block 17, a TMD spring 18 and an eddy current damping device 19 consisting of a permanent magnet array 1, a lever clamping plate 2, a lever rod body 3, a first lever cover plate 4, a second lever cover plate 5, a shaft sleeve 6, a self-lubricating sliding plate 7, a bolt 8, an ear seat 9, a first adjusting screw 10, a support column 11, an inner side magnetic steel plate 12, an outer side magnetic steel plate 13, an inner side conductor 14, an outer side conductor 15 and a second adjusting screw 16.
A bolt 8 penetrates through a shaft sleeve 6 to be connected with a circular hole of an ear seat 9, the ear seat 9 is connected with a long circular hole at the top of a support column 11, the bottom of the support column is fixed on a TMD base, the top of the long circular hole is in threaded connection, the fixing position of the ear seat 9 can be adjusted back and forth along the long circular hole, an inner side conductor 14 and an outer side conductor 15 are arranged on two sides of a permanent magnet array 1, the permanent magnet array 1 is arranged between the inner side conductor 14 and the outer side conductor 15 and keeps a certain gap, the inner side conductor 14 and the outer side conductor 15 are respectively overlapped with an inner side magnetic steel plate 12 and an outer side magnetic steel plate 13 and are fixed on a TMD mass block 17 through a second adjusting screw 16, the gap between the inner side conductor 14 and the outer side conductor 15 can be adjusted through a nut on the second adjusting screw 16, the gap between.
Two eddy current damping devices 19 are disposed on both sides of the TMD mass 17 as a damping system thereof. Specifically, the bolt (8) and the inner side magnetic conduction steel plate (12) are respectively bolted and welded with the TMD mass block 17, and the bottom of the support column (11) is connected or welded with the TMD base through a screw.
The working principle is as follows: when the TMD mass block 17 vibrates on the TMD spring 18, the bolt 8 drives the right end (transmission end) of the lever, so that the permanent magnet array 1 at the left end (amplification end) of the lever moves between the inner conductor 14 and the outer conductor 15, the amplitude and the movement speed of the permanent magnet array are amplified by the lever principle, and the two magnetic poles of the permanent magnet simultaneously act with the conductor plates at the two sides. Because the conductor plate is arranged on the TMD mass block 17 and moves in the opposite direction of the permanent magnet, the relative movement speed of the permanent magnet and the conductor is increased. The relative movement of the permanent magnet and the conductor generates induced eddy current in the conductor, the electromagnetic field of the induced eddy current is opposite to the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, damping force for preventing the relative movement of the permanent magnet and the conductor is generated, and the magnetic conduction steel plate amplifies the eddy current effect in the conductor. Due to the above amplification effect, the damping required for TMD can be achieved with only a small number of permanent magnets. The transmission of the lever mechanism is simple and direct, and the larger bearing capacity can be easily realized by increasing the section of the lever. By adopting the shaft sleeve 6 and the self-lubricating sliding plate 7, the wear resistance of the lever mechanism can be improved under the condition of not adding lubricating oil, and the service life is greatly prolonged. If the damping force needs to be adjusted after TMD assembly, the gap between the permanent magnet and the conductor can be adjusted, and the gaps on the two sides of the permanent magnet need to be kept consistent. The above is the overall working principle of the present invention.
Example 2
Damping performance experiments were performed on the device of the invention
The experimental method comprises the following steps: for the TMD provided with the eddy current damping device, the damping device is adjusted to different magnetic field gaps, the TMD is excited to vibrate manually, the TMD is enabled to vibrate freely after excitation, time course data of acceleration is recorded, and TMD damping ratio is analyzed.
TMD is vertical vibration, comprising a 700kg steel mass block supported by four springs, and the natural vibration frequency is 2.5 Hz;
the experimental results are as follows: as shown in FIG. 4, TMD acceleration decay is progressively faster as the magnetic field gap decreases, decreasing the gap from 15mm to 5 mm. Experiments prove that the damping ratio required by TMD can be achieved by a small amount of permanent magnets through the eddy current damping device, and the optimal damping ratio of TMD can be achieved by adjusting the magnetic field gap of the eddy current damping device.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an utilize lever mechanism's eddy current damping device, includes permanent magnet array (1), lever splint (2), lever pole body (3), first lever apron (4), second lever apron (5), axle sleeve (6), self-lubricating slide (7), bolt (8), ear seat (9), first adjusting screw (10), support column (11), inboard magnetic conduction steel sheet (12), outside magnetic conduction steel sheet (13), inboard conductor (14), outside conductor (15) and second adjusting screw (16), its characterized in that: the lever comprises a lever body (3) and a permanent magnet array (1), wherein the lever body (3) is connected with the permanent magnet array (1) through a connecting mechanism, an inner side conductor (14) is arranged on one side of the permanent magnet array (1), and an assembling mechanism is arranged on the inner side conductor (14).
2. An eddy current damping device using a lever mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting mechanism comprises a lever clamping plate (2) fixedly connected onto a permanent magnet array (1), the permanent magnet array (1) is connected with one end of a lever body (3) through the lever clamping plate (2) by screws, and a circular hole in the middle of the lever body (3) is provided with a shaft sleeve (6) and is fixed by screws through a first lever cover plate (4).
3. An eddy current damping device using a lever mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: the other end of the lever body (3) is provided with a long circular hole, the bolt (8) is movably sleeved in the long circular hole, and one end of the bolt (8) is fixed on the TMD mass block (17).
4. An eddy current damping device using a lever mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: the diameter of the long round hole is larger than that of the bolt (8), a second lever cover plate (5) is installed on the upper portion and the lower portion of the long round hole through screws, and the self-lubricating sliding plate (7) is fixed on one side, facing the long round hole, of the second lever cover plate (5) through the screws.
5. An eddy current damping device using a lever mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: the installation mechanism comprises a shaft sleeve (6), a bolt is penetrated in the shaft sleeve (6) and is connected with a round hole of an ear seat (9), and the ear seat (9) is connected with a support column (11) fixed on the TMD base at the bottom.
6. The eddy current damping device using lever mechanism as claimed in claim 5, wherein the ear seat (9) is screwed to the top slotted hole of the supporting column (11) fixed on the base of the TMD, and the fixing position of the ear seat (9) can be adjusted back and forth along the slotted hole.
7. An eddy current damping device using a lever mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: the assembling mechanism comprises an inner side conductor (14) and an outer side conductor (15), the permanent magnet array (1) is arranged between the inner side conductor (14) and the outer side conductor (15) to keep a certain gap, and the inner side conductor (14) and the outer side conductor (15) are fixed on the TMD mass block (17) through second adjusting screws (16).
8. An eddy current damping device using a lever mechanism according to claim 7, wherein: the assembly structure further comprises an inner side magnetic conduction steel plate (12) and an outer side magnetic conduction steel plate (13), and the inner side conductor (14) and the outer side conductor (15) are respectively overlapped with the inner side magnetic conduction steel plate (12) and the outer side magnetic conduction steel plate (13).
9. An eddy current damping device using a lever mechanism according to claim 7, wherein: the second adjusting screw (16) is provided with a nut, and the gap between the inner conductor (14) and the outer conductor (15) can be adjusted through the nut on the second adjusting screw (16).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010005127.8A CN111022544A (en) | 2020-01-03 | 2020-01-03 | Eddy current damping device using lever mechanism |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010005127.8A CN111022544A (en) | 2020-01-03 | 2020-01-03 | Eddy current damping device using lever mechanism |
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| CN111022544A true CN111022544A (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112343393A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-09 | 北京工业大学 | Amplification type negative stiffness friction damping wall |
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2020
- 2020-01-03 CN CN202010005127.8A patent/CN111022544A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112343393A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-09 | 北京工业大学 | Amplification type negative stiffness friction damping wall |
| CN112343393B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-10-26 | 北京工业大学 | Amplification type negative stiffness friction damping wall |
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