CN111022245A - Air turbine and power generation device - Google Patents

Air turbine and power generation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111022245A
CN111022245A CN201911342757.8A CN201911342757A CN111022245A CN 111022245 A CN111022245 A CN 111022245A CN 201911342757 A CN201911342757 A CN 201911342757A CN 111022245 A CN111022245 A CN 111022245A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
air
rotor
valve
turbine
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201911342757.8A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
范景润
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hangzhou Julang Energy Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hangzhou Julang Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hangzhou Julang Energy Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Hangzhou Julang Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN201911342757.8A priority Critical patent/CN111022245A/en
Publication of CN111022245A publication Critical patent/CN111022245A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/138612 priority patent/WO2021129661A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/24—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy to produce a flow of air, e.g. to drive an air turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D13/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/004—Valve arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/36—Valve members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Abstract

An air turbine and a power generation device, the air turbine includes a chamber, an air valve and a rotor. The air pressure in the air chamber is adjustable, and the difference between the air pressure in the air chamber and the atmospheric pressure comprises a first air pressure difference and a second air pressure difference; the air valve is configured to be opened under the action of the first air pressure difference to enable the air chamber to be communicated with the atmosphere to form air flow, and closed under the action of the second air pressure difference to enable the air chamber to be isolated from the atmosphere, and the directions of the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference are opposite; the rotor is configured to rotate under the drive of the airflow. The air turbine can be used for generating power to convert kinetic energy of the rotor into electric energy, for example, the wave liquid level fluctuation can be used for obtaining a first air pressure difference and a second air pressure difference, so that wave energy is finally converted into electric energy, the power generation device using the air turbine can rapidly react on the air pressure difference in real time to generate power, and the power generation efficiency is high.

Description

Air turbine and power generation device
Technical Field
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to an air turbine and a power plant.
Background
The current wave energy development technology (herein, converting wave energy into electric energy) mainly comprises an oscillating float type, a wave overtopping type and an oscillating water column type. Generally, an oscillating floater type uses wave energy to push a floater to move so as to transmit the wave energy to an energy conversion device such as a hydraulic motor and the like to realize power generation; the wave-crossing mode is that the waves are guided to a high place, then the seawater is enabled to pass through a low water turbine for energy conversion, and finally the kinetic energy of the seawater is converted into electric energy; the oscillating water column type converts wave energy into kinetic energy of gas, and then the kinetic energy of the gas is finally converted into electric energy to realize power generation.
Disclosure of Invention
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine including a plenum, an air valve, and a rotor. The air pressure in the air chamber is adjustable, and the difference between the air pressure in the air chamber and the atmospheric pressure comprises a first air pressure difference and a second air pressure difference; the air valve is configured to be opened under the action of the first air pressure difference to enable the air chamber to be communicated with the atmosphere to form air flow, and closed under the action of the second air pressure difference to enable the air chamber to be isolated from the atmosphere, and the directions of the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference are opposite; the rotor is configured to rotate under the drive of the airflow.
For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine, in which the air valve includes a valve plate and a commutator; the valve plate is fixed between the air chamber and the atmosphere and comprises a first plate surface facing the incoming direction of the airflow and a second plate surface opposite to the first plate surface, wherein the valve plate is provided with a through hole penetrating through the valve plate along the direction from the first plate surface to the second plate surface; the rectifying sheet is arranged on the second plate surface of the valve plate, wherein the air pressure in the air chamber is greater than the atmospheric pressure to generate the first air pressure difference, and the rectifying sheet is configured to leave the through hole under the action of the first air pressure difference to enable the air valve to be opened; the air pressure in the air chamber is smaller than the atmospheric pressure to generate the second air pressure difference, and the rectifier is configured to seal the through hole under the action of the second air pressure difference so as to close the air valve.
For example, an air turbine provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes an air duct including a first end and a second end; the rotor is positioned in the air duct, and the air valve is positioned between the air chamber and the air duct; the first end is communicated with the atmosphere, and the air chamber is connected to the second end of the air guide pipe through the air valve; the air valve is configured to open under the action of the first air pressure difference to enable the air guide pipe and the air chamber to be communicated with each other to form the air flow, and close under the action of the second air pressure difference to enable the air guide pipe and the air chamber to be isolated from each other.
For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine, wherein the rotor is located on a side of the air valve away from the air chamber in a flow direction of the air stream; the second plate surface faces the rotor, and the airflow passes through the rotor after passing through the air valve, or the first plate surface faces the rotor, and the airflow passes through the rotor and then enters the air chamber through the air valve.
For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine, wherein the rotor is located on a side of the air valve close to the air chamber in a flow direction of the air stream; the first plate surface faces the rotor and the airflow passes through the air valve after passing through the rotor, or the second plate surface faces the rotor and the airflow passes through the rotor after passing through the air valve.
For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine in which the fillets include a first portion and a second portion connected to each other; the first portion is at least partially fixed to the valve plate, and the second portion is configured to exit the through hole under the action of the first air pressure difference and to close the through hole under the action of the second air pressure difference.
For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine in which the first portion and the second portion are integrally formed; alternatively, the first portion is connected to the second portion by a connector.
For example, in an air turbine provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the air duct is a straight tube, a direction from the air valve to the rotor is in accordance with an extending direction of the air duct, and a direction from the first portion of the fairing to the second portion of the fairing is perpendicular to the extending direction of the air duct.
For example, in an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, a material of the rectifying plate is metal, and a thickness of the rectifying plate in a direction from the first plate surface to the second plate surface is 1mm to 3 mm; or the rectifying sheet is made of rubber or silica gel and has a thickness of 1mm-5 mm.
For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine in which the valve plate further includes a support frame located in the through hole, the support frame includes at least one pair of opposite end portions each connected to an inner wall of the through hole, and the support frame divides the through hole into a plurality of portions that are not communicated with each other.
For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine, wherein the support frame is cross-shaped or m-shaped.
For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine in which the valve plate has a plurality of the through holes; corresponding to a plurality of every through-hole in the through-hole all sets up one the fairing, perhaps, it is a plurality of in the through-hole adjacent n through-hole sharing one the fairing, n is more than or equal to 2 positive integer.
For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine in which the rotor includes a rotating disk and a plurality of rotating blades. A plurality of rotating blades are arranged on the edge of the rotating disc around the rotating disc; each of the plurality of rotating blades comprises a first face configured to meet the airflow, and the plurality of rotating blades are configured to rotate under the airflow to drive the rotating disc to rotate; at least a portion of the first face of each of the plurality of rotating blades faces the incoming direction of the airflow.
For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine wherein the rotor further comprises a first shroud. A first shroud surrounding and connected with the plurality of rotating blades; said first shroud being closed annular in a direction around said plurality of turning vanes; the width of the first surrounding belt in the axial direction of the rotor is larger than or equal to the thickness of the rotary disc in the axial direction of the rotor, and the axial direction of the rotor is perpendicular to the disc surface of the rotary disc.
For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine further including a stator fixed in the air duct, located on one side of the rotor to be configured such that the airflow passes through the stator and then passes through the rotor, and including a disk and a plurality of guide vanes. The wheel disc comprises a central area and an edge area surrounding the central area; a plurality of guide vanes are positioned in the edge region, arrayed around the central region, and configured to direct the airflow toward the rotor.
For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine, wherein the stator further includes a guide cone. A deflector cone is positioned on a side of the disc of the stator away from the rotor, wherein the deflector cone comprises a first end and a second end opposite to each other in a first direction from the stator to the rotor; the first end of the guide cone is connected with the central area of the wheel disc of the stator, from the second end of the guide cone to the first end of the guide cone, the size of the cross section of at least part of the guide cone in the second direction is gradually increased, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine, wherein the at least part of the guide cone is conical, or the at least part of the guide cone is a part of a sphere.
For example, in an air turbine provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the stator further includes a second shroud surrounding and connected to the plurality of guide vanes, and fixedly connected to an inner wall of the air duct to fix the stator to the air duct; the second shroud is closed in a direction around the plurality of guide vanes.
For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine in which the guide cone, the disk of the stator, the second shroud, and the plurality of guide vanes are integrally formed.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a power generation apparatus, which includes an air turbine and a generator, where the generator includes a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft of the generator is connected to the rotor and configured to rotate under the driving of the rotor.
For example, in a power plant provided in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the air turbine includes a first air turbine and a second air turbine, the plenum of the first air turbine and the plenum of the second air turbine are a common plenum; the common gas chamber is configured to allow a liquid to enter therein, and a level of the liquid fluctuates such that a gas pressure within the common gas chamber is adjustable.
For example, in a power generation device provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the common air chamber includes a first opening, a second opening, and a third opening, and the liquid enters the common air chamber through the first opening; the air valve of the first air turbine is connected to the second opening, and the air valve of the second air turbine is connected to the third opening; the second and third openings are located on an upper side of the common plenum proximate to the first and second air turbine rotors, and the first opening is located on a lower side of the common plenum distal from the first and second air turbines.
For example, in a power plant provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the air valve of the first air turbine is opened to communicate the common air chamber with the atmosphere to form the air stream, and at the same time, the air valve of the second air turbine is closed to isolate the common air chamber from the atmosphere; and the air valve of the second air turbine is opened to communicate the common air chamber with the atmosphere to form the air stream, while the air valve of the first air turbine is closed to isolate the common air chamber from the atmosphere.
For example, at least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a power plant wherein the rotor of the first air turbine and the rotor of the second air turbine are connected to the same common generator, the common generator being located between the rotor of the first air turbine and the rotor of the second air turbine; the common generator includes a first shaft coupled to the first air turbine rotor and configured to rotate under drive of the first air turbine rotor, and a second shaft coupled to the second air turbine rotor and configured to rotate under drive of the second air turbine rotor.
For example, in a power generation device provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the rotor is located on a side of the air valve away from the air chamber in the flow direction of the air stream, the rotor of the first air turbine is located on a side of the air valve of the first air turbine away from the air chamber of the first air turbine, and the rotor of the second air turbine is located on a side of the air valve of the second air turbine away from the air chamber of the second air turbine, a first end of the air duct of the first air turbine and a first end of the air duct of the second air turbine are close to each other and located between a second end of the air duct of the first air turbine and a second end of the air duct of the second air turbine.
For example, in a power plant provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the common generator includes a fuselage positioned between a first end of the air duct of the first air turbine and a first end of the second air turbine air duct; the first end of the first rotating shaft is connected with the machine body, and the second end of the first rotating shaft, which is opposite to the first end of the first rotating shaft, is connected with the rotor of the first air turbine through the first end of the air duct of the first air turbine; in the case where the second air turbine includes a stator, the stator is fixed in the air duct, is located on one side of the rotor so as to be configured such that the air flow passes through the stator and then passes through the rotor, and includes a disk and a guide cone; the wheel disc includes a central region and an edge region surrounding the central region; the guide cone is positioned on one side of the wheel disc of the stator far away from the rotor, and comprises a first end and a second end which are opposite to each other in a first direction along the direction from the stator to the rotor; the first end of water conservancy diversion awl with the central zone of the rim plate of stator is connected, follows the second end of water conservancy diversion awl arrives the first end of water conservancy diversion awl, the size sharing increase gradually of at least part cross-section on the second direction of water conservancy diversion awl, the second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the first end of second pivot with the fuselage is connected, the second end via rather than the first end relative of second pivot the first end of air duct of second air turbine passes in proper order the water conservancy diversion awl of second air turbine, the central zone of the rim plate of the stator of second air turbine with the rotor of second air turbine is connected.
For example, in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a power plant is provided that further includes a seal bearing mounted on a disk of a stator of the second air turbine and nested on the second rotating shaft.
For example, in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the generator includes a first generator and a second generator, the first generator includes a first rotating shaft coupled to and configured to rotate under the drive of the rotor of the first air turbine, and the second generator includes a second rotating shaft coupled to and configured to rotate under the drive of the rotor of the second air turbine.
For example, in a power generation apparatus provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the rotor of the first air turbine is located on a side of the air valve of the first air turbine away from the air chamber of the first air turbine in the flow direction of the air stream, the first power generator includes a first body located on a side of the rotor of the first air turbine away from the air valve of the first air turbine, a first end of a rotating shaft of the first power generator is connected to the first body, and a second end of the rotating shaft of the first power generator opposite to the first end thereof is connected to the rotor of the first air turbine; when the air turbine comprises an air duct, the air duct comprises a first end and a second end, the rotor is positioned in the air duct, and the air valve is positioned between the air chamber and the air duct; the first end is communicated with the atmosphere, and the air chamber is connected to the second end of the air guide pipe through the air valve; the air valve is configured to open under the action of the first air pressure difference to enable the air guide pipe and the air chamber to be communicated with each other to form the air flow, and close under the action of the second air pressure difference to enable the air guide pipe and the air chamber to be isolated from each other; the rotor of the second air turbine is located on one side, far away from the air chamber of the second air turbine, of the air valve of the second air turbine, the second generator comprises a second body, the second body is located in the air duct of the second air turbine and located between the rotor of the second air turbine and the air valve, the first end of the rotating shaft of the second generator is connected with the second body, the second end, opposite to the first end, of the rotating shaft of the second generator is connected with the rotor of the second air turbine, or the rotor of the second air turbine is located on one side, close to the air chamber of the second air turbine, of the air valve of the second air turbine, the second generator comprises a second body, the second body is located in the air duct of the second air turbine and located on one side, far away from the air valve of the second air turbine, of the rotor of the second air turbine, and a first end of a rotating shaft of the second generator is connected with the second machine body, and a second end, opposite to the first end, of the rotating shaft of the second generator is connected with a rotor of the second air turbine.
For example, in the power generation apparatus provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the rotor of the first air turbine is located on one side of the air valve of the first air turbine, which is close to the air chamber of the first air turbine, the first generator includes a first body, the first body is located between the rotor of the first air turbine and the air valve, a first end of a rotating shaft of the first generator is connected to the first body, and a second end of the rotating shaft of the first generator, which is opposite to the first end, is connected to the rotor of the first air turbine; when the air turbine comprises an air duct, the air duct comprises a first end and a second end, the rotor is located in the air duct, the air valve is located between the air chamber and the air duct, the first end of the air duct is communicated with the atmosphere, the air chamber is connected to the second end of the air duct through the air valve, the air valve is configured to be opened under the action of the first air pressure difference so that the air duct and the air chamber are communicated with each other to form the air flow, and is closed under the action of the second air pressure difference so that the air duct and the air chamber are isolated from each other, the rotor of the second air turbine is located on one side, close to the air chamber of the second air turbine, of the air valve of the second air turbine, the second generator comprises a second body, the second body is located in the air duct of the second air turbine and located on one side, far away from the air valve, of the rotor of the second air turbine, the first end of the pivot of second generator with the second fuselage is connected, the second end rather than the first end of the pivot of second generator with the rotor of second air turbine is connected, perhaps, the rotor of second air turbine is located keeping away from of the pneumatic valve of second air turbine one side of the air chamber of second air turbine, the second generator includes the second fuselage, the second fuselage is located in the air duct of second air turbine and be located between the rotor of second air turbine and the pneumatic valve, the first end of the pivot of second generator with the second fuselage is connected, the second end rather than the first end of the pivot of second generator with the rotor of second air turbine is connected.
For example, in a power generation device provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the rotor of the first air turbine includes a first rotor rotating shaft, one end of the first rotor rotating shaft near the first rotating shaft has a first engaging groove, and the second end of the first rotating shaft is located in the first engaging groove to connect the first rotating shaft with the first rotor rotating shaft; the rotor of the second air turbine comprises a second rotor rotating shaft, one end, close to the second rotating shaft, of the second rotor rotating shaft is provided with a second bonding groove, and the second end of the second rotating shaft is located in the second bonding groove so that the second rotating shaft is connected with the second rotor rotating shaft.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not limiting on the present invention.
FIG. 1A is a schematic view of an air turbine with an open valve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 1B is a schematic view of the air turbine of FIG. 1A in a valve closed position;
FIGS. 2A-2B are schematic diagrams illustrating an air valve of an air turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2C is a schematic view of an alternative air valve of an air turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2D is a schematic diagram of an alternative air valve of an air turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2E is a schematic diagram of yet another air valve of an air turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2F is a schematic view of an alternative air valve of an air turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2G is a schematic view of a fairing of an air valve of an air turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIGS. 3A-3B are schematic structural views of a rotor of an air turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3C is a schematic illustration of a stator of an air turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3D is a structural illustration of a stator in combination with a inducer for an air turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3E is a schematic view of the stator directing the airflow to the rotor;
FIG. 3F is a structural illustration of a rotor disk of another rotor of an air turbine provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
3G-3H are schematic structural views of a rotor shaft and a rotor turntable provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4A is a schematic view of an alternative air turbine configuration in a valve open position according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4B is a schematic view of the air turbine of FIG. 4A in a valve closed position;
FIG. 4C is a schematic view of another air turbine with an open valve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4D is a schematic illustration of the air turbine of FIG. 4C with the valves closed;
FIG. 4E is a schematic view of another air turbine with an open valve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4F is a schematic illustration of the air turbine of FIG. 4E in a valve closed position;
fig. 5A is a schematic diagram of a power generation device in a first power generation state according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 5B is a schematic view of the power generation device shown in FIG. 5A in a second power generation state;
fig. 6A is a schematic view of another power generation device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure in a first power generation state;
FIG. 6B is a schematic view of the power generation device shown in FIG. 6A in a second power generation state;
FIG. 6C is an enlarged schematic view of the first generator installation of FIG. 6A;
FIG. 6D is an enlarged schematic view of the second generator installation of FIG. 6A;
6E-6G are schematic diagrams of the first generator and the first mounting base;
fig. 7A is a schematic view of another power generation device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure in a first power generation state;
fig. 7B is a schematic view of the power generation device shown in fig. 7A in a second power generation state.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the described embodiments of the invention, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and in the claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item preceding the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
The drawings in this disclosure are not necessarily to scale, the specific dimensions of the various features may be determined according to actual requirements. The drawings described in this disclosure are merely schematic structural illustrations.
In the existing oscillating water column type wave energy power generation equipment, the energy conversion efficiency of an air turbine is relatively low, or the rotor of the air turbine is easy to stall and has high noise. The rotor stall is a phenomenon that when the pressure difference between the air-facing surface and the air-backing surface of a rotating blade of a rotor is too large, airflow in a boundary layer of the surface of the air-facing surface of the rotating blade is converted into turbulence, so that the energy conversion efficiency of the rotor is reduced sharply. Therefore, it is important to design an air turbine capable of stably operating in a reciprocating air flow generated from an oscillating water column type wave power generation device and to design a power generation device to achieve high energy conversion efficiency.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides an air turbine including a plenum, an air valve, and a rotor. The air pressure in the air chamber is adjustable, and the difference between the air pressure in the air chamber and the atmospheric pressure comprises a first air pressure difference and a second air pressure difference; the air valve is configured to be opened under the action of the first air pressure difference to enable the air chamber to be communicated with the atmosphere to form air flow, and closed under the action of the second air pressure difference to enable the air chamber to be isolated from the atmosphere, and the directions of the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference are opposite; a rotor configured to rotate under the driving of the airflow.
The air turbine can be used for generating power to convert kinetic energy of the rotor into electric energy, for example, the wave liquid level fluctuation can be utilized to obtain a first air pressure difference and a second air pressure difference, so that the wave energy is finally converted into the electric energy, the power generation device using the air turbine can rapidly react on the air pressure difference in real time to generate the power, and the power generation efficiency is high.
Fig. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of an air turbine in a valve open state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 1B is a schematic structural diagram of the air turbine shown in fig. 1A in a valve closed state. As shown in fig. 1A and 1B, the air turbine includes a chamber 2, an air valve 3, and a rotor 4. The rotor 4 is positioned on one side of the air valve 3 far away from the air chamber 2, and the rotor 4 is positioned outside the air chamber 2. For example, the air turbine further comprises an air duct 1, the air duct 1 comprising a first end 11 and a second end 12, the first end 11 being in communication with the atmosphere. The air chamber 2 is connected to the second end 12 of the air duct 1, and the air pressure in the air chamber 2 can be adjusted. The air valve 3 is positioned between the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2. As the air pressure in the air cell 2 changes, the difference between the air pressure in the air cell 2 and the atmospheric pressure changes. When the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is greater than the atmospheric pressure, the difference between the air pressure in the air chamber 2 and the atmospheric pressure is positive; when the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is less than the atmospheric pressure, the value of the difference between the air pressure in the air chamber 2 and the atmospheric pressure is negative. That is, the difference between the atmospheric pressure in the gas chamber 2 and the atmospheric pressure includes a first air pressure difference and a second air pressure difference, and the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference are opposite in direction, that is, the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference are opposite in value in polarity. For example, in the air turbine shown in fig. 1A, when the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is greater than the atmospheric pressure, a first air pressure difference is generated, and the air valve 3 is opened under the first air pressure difference to communicate the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2 with each other to form an air flow; when the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is lower than the atmospheric pressure, a second air pressure difference is generated, and the air valve 3 is closed under the action of the second air pressure difference so as to isolate the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2 from each other. A rotor 4 is located within the airway tube 1 and is configured to rotate under the drive of this airflow. Therefore, the air turbine can realize the opening or closing of the air valve 3 under the action of the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference so as to realize the real-time rapid control of whether to generate air flow in the air duct to drive the rotor to rotate, so that the kinetic energy generated when the rotor rotates is used for generating electricity, and the real-time control is realized to convert the kinetic energy of the air flow into the kinetic energy of the rotor; in addition, in the working process of the air turbine, the air valve 3 of the air turbine can be opened or closed under the action of the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference, so that the air valve 3 does not need to be manually opened or closed, and a procedure of determining the opening or closing of the air valve 3 after judging the size relation between the air pressure in the air chamber 2 and the atmospheric pressure is not needed, therefore, the air turbine can adapt to the rapid conversion between the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference, and the high energy conversion efficiency is realized. For example, the gas chamber 2 is configured to allow liquid to enter therein, and the liquid level of the liquid fluctuates so that the gas pressure inside the gas chamber 2 is adjustable. For example, the liquid is a wave, such as a sea wave. Thus, the air turbine can be used in a power generation device operating in seawater, allowing sea waves to enter the air chamber 2 to convert kinetic energy of the sea waves into potential energy of the air and then into kinetic energy of the rotor, and then into electric energy to realize power generation. The rotor 4 is positioned in the air duct 1, so that air flow can be sprayed to the rotor in a concentrated mode, the energy loss of air is reduced, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the power generation efficiency of the power generation device adopting the air turbine is improved.
Fig. 2A-2B are schematic structural views of an air valve of an air turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, for example, in conjunction with fig. 1A and fig. 2A-2B, an air valve 3 includes a valve plate 31 and a commutator 32. The valve plate 31 is fixedly connected between the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2, and the first end of the air duct 1 is communicated with the atmosphere, namely the valve plate 31 is fixed between the air chamber 2 and the atmosphere; the valve plate 31 includes a first plate surface 311 facing the gas guide tube 1 and a second plate surface 312 opposite to the first plate surface 311, and the valve plate 31 is provided with a through hole 35 penetrating through the valve plate 31 in a direction from the first plate surface 311 to the second plate surface; the commutator segment 32 is arranged on the second plate surface 312 of the valve plate 31, the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is greater than the atmospheric pressure to generate a first air pressure difference, the commutator segment 32 is configured to leave the through hole 35 under the action of the first air pressure difference to open the air valve 3, so that the air guide pipe 1 and the air chamber 2 are communicated with each other, the air in the air chamber 2 enters the air guide pipe 1 to form an air flow, the first plate surface 311 faces the incoming direction of the air flow, the second plate surface faces the rotor 4, the first plate surface 311 faces the air chamber, and the air flow passes through the rotor 4 after passing through the air valve 3, as shown in fig. 1; the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is less than the atmospheric pressure to generate a second air pressure difference, and the rectifying plate 32 is configured to seal the through hole 35 under the action of the second air pressure difference to close the air valve 3, so as to isolate the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2 from each other, as shown in fig. 1B.
For example, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A-2B, the first plate surface 311 of the valve plate 31 is circular in shape. The valve plate 31 has a connecting hole 36 at its edge, and the valve plate 31 is connected to the second end 12 of the gas guide tube 1 and the end of the gas chamber 2 near the gas guide tube 2 through the connecting hole 36. For example, the attachment hole 36 is a first threaded hole; a second threaded hole is formed in the position, located at the second end 12, of the air duct 1; a third threaded hole is formed in one end, close to the air guide pipe 2, of the air chamber 2; the first threaded hole and the connecting hole 36 are connected with the second threaded hole through bolts, so that the valve plate 31 is fixed between the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2; or, the valve plate 31 is welded between the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2, and the valve plate 31 may be located in the air duct 1 and contact with the inner wall of the air duct 1, or may be located outside the air duct 1. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the specific manner of fixing the valve plate 31 between the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2, as long as the valve plate 31 is fixed between the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2 to realize the above functions of the air valve 3.
For example, the fillet 32 includes a first portion 321 and a second portion 322 connected to each other. The first portion 321 is at least partially secured to the valve plate 31, e.g., an end 323 of the first portion 321 distal to the second portion 322 is secured to the valve plate 31. For example, as shown in fig. 2G, an end 323 of the first portion 321 of the segment 32, which is away from the second portion 322, has a hole 324 penetrating the segment, and as shown in fig. 2A, the end of the first portion 321 of the segment 32, which is away from the second portion 322, is fixed to the valve plate 31 by a fastener 325 penetrating the hole 324. The second portion 322 is not fixed to the valve plate 31, but hangs down and adheres to the first plate surface 311 of the valve plate 31 in a natural state (when the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is equal to the atmospheric pressure, that is, when the air pressure on the side of the rectifying piece 32 facing the air chamber 2 and the side facing the air guide tube 1 is equal to each other), so that, when the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is greater than the atmospheric pressure and a first air pressure difference is generated, the second portion 322 is separated from the through hole 35 by the first air pressure difference, that is, moves toward the air guide tube 1 and is separated from the through hole 35, so that the air in the air chamber 2 can enter the air guide tube 1 through the through hole 35, and thus, an air flow flowing in the direction from the air chamber 2 to the air guide. When the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is lower than the atmospheric pressure and a second air pressure difference is generated, the second portion 322 is pressed against the first plate surface 311 of the valve plate 31 by the pressure in the direction from the first plate surface 311 to the second plate surface under the second air pressure difference, so that the rectifying plate 32 closes the through hole 35 at this time to isolate the air duct 1 and the air chamber 2 from each other.
For example, the material of the rectifying sheet 32 is a soft material having a certain flexibility, such as rubber or silica gel, and the thickness of the rectifying sheet 32 in the direction from the first plate surface 311 to the second plate surface 312 is 1mm to 3 mm. For example, the material of the fillet 32 may be metal, and the thickness of the fillet 32 in the direction from the first plate surface 311 to the second plate surface 312 is 1mm to 5 mm. The thickness of the fairing is too thick to facilitate the opening of the through hole 35 under the action of certain first air pressure difference, and the thickness of the fairing is too thin to facilitate the closing of the through hole 35 under the action of certain second air pressure difference. The flexibility and the effect of the commutator segment for realizing the functions are related to the material and the thickness of the commutator segment, and the effect of controlling the opening and the closing of the air valve can be stably realized in real time in the range. The entire air turbine can be made very large or very small. Up to several meters in size of the rotor 4 and up to tens of centimeters in size of the rotor 4. The size of the through holes and the size of the flow straightener are designed according to the size of the whole air turbine and the size of the valve plate, and the size is not limited by the embodiment of the disclosure.
For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 2A-2B, first portion 321 and second portion 322 are integrally formed, i.e., first portion 321 and second portion 322 are made of the same material and have no seams between each other. Of course, in other embodiments, the first portion 321 may be connected to the second portion 322 by a connector.
For example, as shown in fig. 2A-2B, the direction from the first portion 321 of the rectifying plate 32 to the second portion 322 of the rectifying plate 32 is perpendicular to the direction from the first end 11 of the air duct 1 to the second end 12 of the air duct 1, so that the second portion 322 of the rectifying plate 32 hangs down under the action of gravity to cover the through hole 35 during the operation of the air turbine, compared with other cases, in this embodiment, when the rectifying plate 32 is attached to the first plate surface 311 of the valve plate 31 to close the through hole 35, the sealing effect is relatively good, and the manufacturing is also convenient.
The size of the rectifying plate 32 is larger than that of the through hole 35 so that the rectifying plate can cover the through hole 35 to close the through hole 35 in the closed state of the gas valve 3. For example, a margin of 1cm to 4cm is left on the valve plate 31 around the through hole 35 to ensure the sealing property with respect to the air chamber in the closed state of the air valve 3. For example, the shape 32 of the fillet is circular and has a diameter of 330mm, and the through-hole 35 is circular and has a diameter of 300 mm. Or, the fairing 32 is rectangular, the length and width are 330mm x 330mm, the through hole fairing is rectangular, the length and width are 300mm x 300mm respectively, so that the air valve 3 has a stable control effect. The sizes of the rectifying plate and the through hole are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and the above data are exemplary, and the specific size of the rectifying plate may be designed according to the size of the hole in practical application, and the size of the hole may be designed according to the size of the valve plate and the sizes of the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference.
For example, as shown in fig. 2A-2B, the valve plate 31 further includes a support bracket 34, the support bracket 34 is located in the through hole 35, the support bracket 34 includes at least one pair of opposite end portions, the at least one pair of end portions are connected to the inner wall of the through hole 35, the support bracket 34 divides the through hole 35 into a plurality of portions that are not communicated with each other, for example, in the present embodiment, the support bracket 34 divides the through hole 35 into a plurality of four portions 351/352/353/354 that are not communicated with each other. Like this, when the fairing 32 laminate in valve plate 31 and closed through-hole 35 under the effect of second pressure differential, support frame 34 provides the support with reinforcing fairing 32 operating condition's stability for fairing 32, guarantees inclosed effect, does benefit to the life-span of extension fairing 32 simultaneously.
For example, the supporting frame 34 may be integrally formed with a portion of the valve plate 31 corresponding to the first plate surface 311, so as to simplify the structure and the manufacturing process. Alternatively, the support bracket 34 may be separately manufactured, and the support bracket 34 may be fixed to the wall of the through hole 35 of the valve plate 31 by a fastening member such as a nut.
For example, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A-2B, the support bracket 34 is cross-shaped; in the embodiment shown in fig. 2C, the support frame 34 is m-shaped. Of course, the shape of the support frame 34 is not limited to the above-listed types, and the shape of the support frame 34 is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
For example, the planar shape of the commutator segment may be circular, rectangular, or the like. Accordingly, the planar shapes of the first portion 321 and the second portion 322 are, for example, rectangular, semicircular, fan-shaped, and the like. Of course, the planar shape of the rectifying plate is not limited to the above-listed types, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the planar shape of the rectifying plate.
For example, as shown in fig. 2D, in one embodiment, the through hole 35 may not have a support frame.
For example, as shown in fig. 2E, the first plate surface 311 of the valve plate 31 may be rectangular, for example, a rounded rectangle. The shape of the first plate surface 311 of the valve plate 31 is not limited to the above-listed types, the above-described embodiments are merely exemplary, and the shape of the first plate surface 311 of the valve plate 31 is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and can be selected by those skilled in the art as needed.
For example, as shown in fig. 2F, the valve plate 31 has a plurality of through holes 35; one fillet 32 is provided corresponding to each through-hole 35 of the plurality of through-holes 35. Alternatively, in another embodiment, n adjacent through holes 35 in the plurality of through holes 35 share one fillet 32, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The plurality of through holes 35 are arranged, so that the air flow can rapidly pass through the air valve and then be sprayed to the stator and the rotor when the flow rate of the air flow is large; and, when the size of air turbine is great, set up a plurality of through-holes and compare stability and the reliability that single through-hole more favorable to pneumatic valve 3 operation.
Fig. 3A to 3B are schematic structural views of a rotor of an air turbine provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 3C is a schematic structural view of a stator of an air turbine provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 1A-1B and 3A-3B, rotor 4 includes a rotor disk 41 and a plurality of rotor blades 44. A plurality of rotating blades 44 are disposed on the edge of the rotating disk 41 around the rotating disk 41, for example, a plurality of rotating blades 44 are uniformly disposed on the edge of the rotating disk 41 around the rotating disk 41, so that the airflow uniformly flows through the rotor, the rotor is rotated stably, the generated kinetic energy is stabilized, and the power generation efficiency by subsequently utilizing the kinetic energy is relatively stable. Each of the plurality of turning vanes 44 includes a first face 441, the first face 441 being configured to face a gas flow generated when the gas in the gas chamber 2 enters the gas guide tube 1 through the through holes 35 in the embodiment shown in fig. 1A. A plurality of rotating blades 44 configured to rotate under the action of the air flow to rotate the rotating disk 41; the first face 441 of each of the plurality of turning vanes 44 faces the second end 12 of the airway tube 1 so that the airflow passes through the rotor 4 in a direction from the second end 12 of the airway tube 1 to the first end 11 of the airway tube 1.
For example, as shown in fig. 3A, the rotor 4 may further include a first shroud 43 surrounding the plurality of rotor blades 44 and connected to the plurality of rotor blades 44, the first shroud 43 being in a closed ring shape in a direction around the plurality of rotor blades 44; the width of the first shroud 43 in the axial direction of the rotor 4 is equal to or greater than the thickness of the rotor disk 41 in the axial direction of the rotor 4, and the axial direction of the rotor 4 is perpendicular to the disk surface of the rotor disk 41. Thus, the first shroud 44 is ensured to cover the entire rotor blade 44, so that the first shroud 43 can better protect the plurality of rotor blades 44, and the life of the rotor 4 is improved.
For example, the turntable 41 of the rotor 4 is provided with a shaft hole 45. The air turbine further includes a rotor rotating shaft (not shown in fig. 3A and 3B, corresponding to rotor rotating shaft 46 in fig. 3G) passing through shaft hole 45 to be connected to disk 41, for example, shaft hole 45 includes a main body and a protrusion partially penetrating the main body, for example, the main body of shaft hole 45 has a circular shape in cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, and the protrusion has a square shape in cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, so that the rotor rotating shaft is fitted to disk 41 through shaft hole 45. And the rotor shaft is configured such that rotation of the plurality of turning vanes 44 drives rotation of the disk and the rotor shaft.
Fig. 3F is a schematic structural view of another rotor of an air turbine provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 3G to 3H are schematic structural views of a rotor shaft and a rotor disk provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. With reference to fig. 1B and 3F-3H, in another embodiment, for example, the turntable 41 includes a first shaft hole 451 and a second shaft hole 452 that communicate with each other; rotor 4 further comprises rotor shaft 46, shaft carousel 47, first bearing 11 and second bearing 12. Rotor shaft 46 is installed in first shaft hole 451 and includes a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, the first end of rotor shaft 46 is located on a first side of shaft turntable 47 far away from stator 5, and the second end of rotor shaft 46 is located on a second side of shaft turntable 47 near stator 5. For example, the shaft rotating disk 47 is integrally formed with the rotor rotating shaft 46. For example, the rotation shaft rotating disk 47 is located in the second shaft hole 452, connected to the rotating disk 41 of the rotor 4 and configured to rotate under the driving of the rotating disk 41 of the rotor 4 when the rotating disk 41 of the rotor 4 rotates. The first bearing 11 is sleeved on the rotor rotating shaft 46 and located on one side of the rotating disc 41 close to the first end of the rotor rotating shaft 46, so as to play a role of bearing and supporting the rotating disc 41, the rotor rotating shaft 46 and the rotating shaft rotating disc 47 of the rotor 4. The second bearing 12 is sleeved on the rotor rotating shaft 46 and located on one side of the rotating disc 41 close to the second end of the rotor rotating shaft 46. The first bearing 11 and the second bearing 12 can also share the axial force and the circumferential force perpendicular to the axial direction, which are applied to the rotor rotating shaft, in the working process, and the service life of the rotor rotating shaft is prolonged.
For example, as shown in fig. 3G, the rotor further includes a first collar 463 and a second collar 464, both the first collar 463 and the second collar 464 being fixed to the rotor shaft 46, e.g., both being integrally formed with the rotor shaft 46. The first bearing 11 includes an outer ring and an inner ring located on an outer side of the inner ring (the outer side refers to a side of the inner ring that is away from the rotor rotation shaft 46), and the second bearing 12 includes an outer ring and an inner ring. The first collar 463 is located on the side of the first bearing 11 close to the shaft rotating disk 47, and the face of the first collar 463 facing the first bearing 11 is in contact with the face of the inner ring of the first bearing 11 facing the first collar 463, so that the first collar 463 serves to support the first bearing 11 and enhance protection of the rotor shaft 46; the second collar 464 is located on a side of the second bearing 12 close to the shaft rotating disk 47, and a surface of the second collar 464 facing the second bearing 12 is in contact with a surface of an inner ring of the second bearing 12 facing the second collar 464, so that the second collar 464 functions to support the second bearing 12 and enhance protection of the rotor shaft 46.
For example, in one embodiment, the shaft turntable 47 may also be integrally formed with the turntable 41 of the rotor 4 to simplify the structure of the power generation device.
For example, as shown in FIG. 3H, a first end of rotor shaft 46 has a keyed slot 465. When the air turbine is applied to a generator, the key slot 465 is used for connecting with a rotating shaft of the generator so as to realize that the rotating shaft 71 of the generator rotates along with the rotation of the rotating shaft of the rotor.
For example, the material of the rotor rotating shaft 46 and the rotating shaft turntable 47 is steel, and the material of the portion of the rotor 4 other than the rotor rotating shaft 46 and the rotating shaft turntable 47 is organic. The rotor rotating shaft made of steel has large mass, can improve the rotational inertia of the rotor, and ensures that the rotating speed of the rotor cannot be vertically raised to a high value when the rotor meets a large airflow, thereby improving the working stability of the air turbine and improving the power generation stability of a power generation device applying the air turbine; the other parts of the rotor are made of organic materials, so that the weight of the power generation device can be reduced on the premise of ensuring the stable operation of the power generation device, the power generation device is convenient to install and transport, and especially for the large-size power generation device, the reduction of the weight is beneficial to reducing the requirement on installation equipment, which is very critical in the engineering practice.
For example, in one embodiment, spindle dial 47 is bolted to dial 41. For example, the dial 41 includes bolt holes 453, and the spindle dial 47 and the dial 41 are coupled through the bolt holes 453 and bolts and nuts. Of course, the connection mode of the rotation shaft dial 47 and the dial 41 is not limited to the above mode, as long as the rotation of the rotation shaft dial 47 and the rotation shaft 46 under the driving of the dial 41 can be realized.
With reference to fig. 1A-1B and 3C, the air turbine further includes a stator 5, the stator 5 being fixed to the air duct 1 and located on one side of the rotor 4 so as to be configured such that the air flows through the stator 5 and then through the rotor 4. And, the stator 5 includes a disk 51 and a plurality of guide vanes 52, and the disk 51 includes a central region and an edge region surrounding the central region. As shown in fig. 3C, on a first side of the stator 5 facing the rotor, a central region of the disk 51 of the stator 5 includes a first bearing seat 54, and the first bearing 11 is mounted in the first bearing seat 54. A plurality of guide vanes 52 are located in the edge region, arranged around the central region, and configured to direct the airflow towards the rotor 4. Thus, the stator 5 plays a role in guiding flow to improve the utilization rate of the energy of the airflow, so that the kinetic energy of the rotor is finally utilized to be converted into electric energy, and the conversion efficiency of the energy of the airflow in the whole process is favorably improved.
For example, a plurality of guide vanes 52 of the stator 5 are welded into the airway tube 1, for example, on the inner wall of the airway tube 1; alternatively, as shown in fig. 3C, the stator 5 further includes a second surrounding band 53, the second surrounding band 53 surrounds the plurality of guide vanes 52 and is connected with the plurality of guide vanes 52, and is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air duct 1 to fix the stator 5 to the air duct 1, and the second surrounding band 53 is closed in the direction surrounding the plurality of guide vanes 52. For example, second band 53 is welded to the inner wall of airway tube 1.
Fig. 3D is a structural view of a stator and a guide cone of an air turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in conjunction with fig. 1A to 1B and fig. 3D, the stator 5 further includes a guide cone 6, the guide cone 6 is located on a side of a disk 51 of the stator 5 away from the rotor 4, the guide cone 6 includes a first end and a second end opposite to each other in a first direction, the first direction is from the stator to the rotor; the first end of the guide cone 6 is connected with the central area of the wheel disc 51 of the stator 5, for example, the first end of the guide cone 6 is connected with the central area of the wheel disc 51 of the stator 5 by welding or thread connection to realize connection or integral molding; from the second end of the guide cone 6 to the first end of the guide cone 6, the size of the cross section of at least part of the guide cone 6 in the second direction is gradually increased, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction to play a role in accelerating the airflow and improve the kinetic energy of the gas, so that the kinetic energy of the subsequently obtained rotor is improved, the electric energy obtained by converting the kinetic energy of the rotor into the electric energy is improved, and therefore, the utilization rate of the gas energy and the energy conversion efficiency of converting the gas energy into the electric energy in the whole process can be improved. For example, the at least part of the guide cone 6 is conical, such as conical or pyramidal, or the at least part of the guide cone 6 is a part of a sphere.
For example, the guide cone 6, the disk 51 of the stator 5, the second shroud 53, and the plurality of guide vanes 52 are integrally formed, which facilitates simplifying the structure and manufacturing process of the air turbine.
For example, the rotor 4, the stator 5 and the deflector cone 6 may be made of metal, such as corrosion-resistant metal, e.g., aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc., or organic material, e.g., photosensitive resin, in which case the stator may be manufactured by 3D printing.
Fig. 3E is a schematic view of the stator directing the airflow to the rotor, and the plurality of guide vanes 52 of the stator 5 are configured to direct the airflow to the rotor 4 as described in conjunction with fig. 3A-3B and 3E. The vertical sectional shape of the rotary blade 44 is a crescent shape, and the arc of bending of one side of the first face 441 of the rotary blade 44 is greater than the arc of bending of one side of the second face 442. A portion of the first face 441 of each of the plurality of turning vanes 44, which is close to the stator 5, faces the incoming direction of the airflow. The guide vane 52 of the stator 5 has a vertical cross section composed of a straight line section 522 and a circular arc section 521, and the direction of the air flow guided out from the straight line section 522 is combined with the air flow inflow direction of the side of the first surface 441 adjacent to the straight line section 522 of the guide vane 52, and the air flow guided out from the straight line section 522 of the guide vane 52 is guided to the first surface 441 of the rotary vane 44, and the rotary vane 44 rotates by the air flow.
Fig. 4A is a schematic view of another air turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in a valve-open state, and fig. 4B is a schematic view of the air turbine shown in fig. 4A in a valve-closed state. The air turbine shown in fig. 4A-4B differs from the air turbine shown in fig. 1A-1B as follows. As shown in fig. 4A-4B, the valve plate 301 is fixedly connected between the air duct 10 and the air chamber 20, and the valve plate 301 includes a first plate surface facing the air duct 10 and a second plate surface far away from the air duct 10, the first plate surface facing the rotor 40, and the second plate surface facing the air chamber 20. The valve plate 301 has a through hole (the same as the through hole 35 in the previous embodiment) penetrating the valve plate 301 in the direction from the first plate surface to the second plate surface; the rectifying plate 302 is arranged on the second plate surface of the valve plate 301, the air pressure in the air chamber 20 is smaller than the atmospheric pressure to generate a first air pressure difference, the rectifying plate 302 is configured to leave the through hole under the action of the first air pressure difference so as to open the air valve 30, so that the air guide pipe 10 and the air chamber 20 are communicated with each other, the air in the external atmosphere enters the air guide pipe 10, sequentially flows through the stator 50 and the rotor 40 and then enters the air chamber 20 through the through hole to form an air flow, as shown in fig. 4A; the air pressure in the air chamber 20 is greater than the atmospheric pressure to generate a second air pressure difference, and the rectifying plate 302 is configured to seal the through hole under the action of the second air pressure difference to close the air valve 30, so as to isolate the air duct 10 and the air chamber 20 from each other, as shown in fig. 4B.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4A, the specific structure of the rotor 4 is as shown in fig. 3A and 3B, and reference is made to the previous description. The rotor 40 includes a rotating disk 41 and a plurality of rotating blades 44. The plurality of rotating blades 44 are disposed on the edge of the rotating disk 41 around the rotating disk 41, and each of the plurality of rotating blades 44 includes a first surface 441, and the first surface 441 is configured to meet a gas flow generated when gas in the external atmosphere enters the gas guide duct 10, passes through the rotor 40, and then enters the gas chamber 20 through the through hole. The plurality of turning vanes 44 are configured to rotate under the influence of the airflow to rotate the rotating disk 41. in the embodiment shown in fig. 4A, the first face 441 of each of the plurality of turning vanes 44 faces the first end 101 of the airway tube 10, such that the airflow passes through the rotor 40 in a direction from the first end 101 of the airway tube 10 to the second end 102 of the airway tube 10.
For example, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the air turbine further includes a seal bearing 70, the seal bearing 70 being mounted to the disk of the stator 50 and nested on the rotor shaft. The seal bearing 70 prevents a portion of the gas from being lost through a gap between the disk of the stator and the rotor shaft when the gas flows through the stator.
The cone 60 includes a first end 601 and a second end 602, the first end 601 having an opening to allow the generator shaft to pass through the opening into the cone interior to pass through the stator 50 for connection with the rotor 40. For example, the cone 60 is hollow, i.e., the cone 60 comprises a shell with no filling inside. For example, the inside of the casing of the guiding cone 60 may also be filled with a filling material, such as plastic foam, sponge, etc., and the generator rotating shaft may pass through the filling material, so that the filling material plays a role of supporting, stabilizing and protecting the generator rotating shaft entering the inside of the guiding cone, especially when the size of the air turbine is larger, for example, the size reaches to the order of several meters, at this time, the size of the guiding cone is also correspondingly larger, the generator rotating shaft entering the guiding cone 60 is longer, and needs to be supported, stabilized and protected to resist the damage to the generator rotating shaft during the oscillation of the air turbine during operation, and prolong the service life of the air turbine and the power generation device using the air turbine.
Other features and technical effects of the air turbine shown in fig. 4A and 4B are the same as those shown in fig. 1A to 1B, and reference is made to the previous description.
Fig. 4C is a schematic view of another air turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in a valve-open state, and fig. 4D is a schematic view of the air turbine shown in fig. 4C in a valve-closed state. The air turbine shown in fig. 4C-4D has the following differences from the air turbine shown in fig. 1A-1B. As shown in fig. 4C-4D, the gas valve 3 is located between the gas chamber 2 and the outside atmosphere, for example at the end of the gas chamber 2. The rotor 4 is located on the side of the air valve 3 close to the air chamber 2, and the first plate surface 311 of the valve plate 31 faces the rotor. For example, the rotor 4 is located within the gas chamber 2, or, in other embodiments, the rotor 4 is located in a conduit when the gas chamber 2 is connected to the gas valve 3 by the conduit. The position of the air chamber can be flexibly set by the duct. The valve plate 31 is fixedly connected between the air chamber 2 and the outside atmosphere, and the valve plate 31 includes a first plate surface 311 facing the rotor 4 with a second plate surface 312 facing the first plate surface 311, and a second plate surface 312 opposite to the first plate surface 311, the second plate surface 312 facing the outside atmosphere, for example. The valve plate 31 has a through hole (the same as the through hole 35 in the previous embodiment) penetrating the valve plate 31 in a direction from the first plate surface 311 to the second plate surface 312; the rectifying plate 32 is disposed on the second plate surface 312 of the valve plate 31, when the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is greater than the atmospheric pressure to generate a first air pressure difference, the rectifying plate 32 is configured to leave the through hole under the action of the first air pressure difference to open the air valve 3, so that the air chamber 2 and the external atmosphere are communicated with each other, and the air in the air chamber 2 sequentially flows through the stator 5 and the rotor 4 and then enters the external atmosphere through the through hole to form an air flow, as shown in fig. 4C; when the air pressure in the air chamber 2 is smaller than the atmospheric pressure to generate a second air pressure difference, the rectifying plate 32 is configured to adhere to the second plate surface under the action of the second air pressure difference to seal the through hole so as to close the air valve 3, so that the air chamber 2 and the external atmosphere are isolated from each other, as shown in fig. 4D.
For example, a certain space is left between the rotor 4 and the air valve 3, so that the generator is arranged in the space between the rotor 4 and the air valve 3 when the air turbine is used for generating power in the later period, the generator is convenient to install, and the connection structure of the power generation device is compact.
Other features and technical effects of the air turbine shown in fig. 4C and 4D are the same as those shown in fig. 1A-1B, and reference is made to the previous description.
Fig. 4E is a schematic view of another air turbine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in a valve-open state, and fig. 4F is a schematic view of the air turbine shown in fig. 4E in a valve-closed state. In the air turbine shown in fig. 4E-4F, the air valve 30 is located between the chamber 20 and the outside atmosphere, for example at the end of the chamber 1, and the rotor 40 is located on the side of the air valve 30 adjacent to the chamber 20. The air turbine differs from the air turbine shown in fig. 4C to 4D in that the first plate surface 3011 of the valve plate 301 faces the rotor. For example, the rotor 40 is located within the gas chamber 20, or, in other embodiments, when the gas chamber 120 is connected to the gas valve 30 by a conduit, the rotor 40 is located in the conduit, such as at an end of the conduit. The position of the air chamber can be flexibly set by the duct. Valve plate 301 is fixed connection between air chamber 20 and the external atmosphere, and valve plate 301 includes first face 3011 towards the external atmosphere and second face 3012 with first face 3011 relative, and second face 3012 faces rotor 40. The valve plate 301 has a through hole (the same as the through hole 35 in the previous embodiment) penetrating the valve plate 301 in a direction from the first plate surface 3011 to the second plate surface 3012; the rectifying plate 302 is disposed on the second plate surface 3012 of the valve plate 301, and when the air pressure in the air chamber 20 is smaller than the atmospheric pressure and a first air pressure difference is generated, the rectifying plate 32 is configured to leave the through hole under the action of the first air pressure difference so as to open the air valve 3, thereby communicating the air chamber 20 and the external atmosphere, the air in the external atmosphere enters the air chamber 20 through the through hole to form an air flow, the air flow sequentially flows through the stator 50 and the rotor 40, and the rotating blade of the rotor 40 rotates under the action of the air flow. As shown in fig. 4E; when the air pressure in the air chamber 20 is greater than the atmospheric pressure to generate a second air pressure difference, the fairing 32 is configured to adhere to the second plate surface 3012 under the action of the second air pressure difference to seal the through hole so as to close the air valve 30, so that the air chamber 20 and the external atmosphere are isolated from each other, as shown in fig. 4F.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a power generation device, which includes any one of the air turbine and the generator provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The generator comprises a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft of the generator is connected with the rotor and configured to rotate under the driving of the rotor. Therefore, the power generation device can convert the energy of the generated airflow into electric energy, and has high power generation efficiency.
Exemplarily, fig. 5A is a schematic diagram of a power generation device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure in a first power generation state, and fig. 5B is a schematic diagram of the power generation device shown in fig. 5A in a second power generation state. As shown in fig. 5A-5B, the air turbine includes a first air turbine 1001 and a second air turbine 1002. In this embodiment, the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001 is located on the side of the air valve 3 remote from the first air-permeable chamber and the first air turbine 1001 comprises the air duct 1, and the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002 is located on the side of the air valve 30 remote from the second air turbine chamber and the second air turbine comprises the air duct 10.
For example, the gas chamber 2 of the first air turbine 1001 and the gas chamber 20 of the second air turbine 1002 are the same common gas chamber 8, i.e., the gas chamber 2 of the first air turbine 1001 and the gas chamber 20 of the second air turbine 1002 are communicated with each other and have the same air pressure. The common gas chamber 8 is configured to allow liquid to enter therein, and the liquid level of the liquid fluctuates so that the gas pressure within the common gas chamber 8 is adjustable. For example, the liquid entering the common air chamber 8 is a wave, such as a sea wave. The power generation device can be used for working in seawater, so that sea waves are allowed to enter the common air chamber 8, the kinetic energy of the sea waves is converted into the potential energy of air, then converted into the kinetic energy of air flow, and finally converted into electric energy to realize power generation. The following describes a power generation process of the power generation device by taking liquid as sea waves as an example.
For example, the common air chamber 8 includes a first opening 81, a second opening 82 and a third opening 83, the liquid enters the common air chamber 8 through the first opening 81, the air valve 3 of the first air turbine 1001 is communicated with the second opening 82, the air valve 30 of the second air turbine 1002 is communicated with the third opening 83, the second opening 82 and the third opening 83 are located at an upper side of the common air chamber 8 close to the first air turbine 1001 and the second air turbine 1003, and the first opening 81 is located at a lower side of the common air chamber 8 far from the first air turbine 1001 and the second air turbine 1002, so that the second opening 82 and the third opening 83 of the common air chamber 8 have a height difference with the first opening 81, respectively, and thus the volume of the seawater entering the common air chamber through the common air chamber 8 is changed when the up and down waves fluctuate, thereby changing the gas volume of the common air chamber. The sea waves fluctuate up and down, and when the liquid level of the sea water rises, the gas in the common gas chamber is compressed, and the gas pressure in the common gas chamber is increased; when the liquid level of the seawater rises, the volume of the gas in the common gas chamber becomes large, and the gas pressure in the common gas chamber becomes small.
As shown in fig. 5A, when the air pressure in the common air chamber is greater than the atmospheric pressure, the air valve 3 of the first air turbine 1001 is opened by the air pressure difference between the air pressure in the common air chamber and the atmospheric pressure (refer to the description of the embodiment of the air turbine above) to communicate the air duct 1 of the first air turbine 1001 and the common air chamber with each other to form an air flow, and at the same time, the air valve 30 of the second air turbine 1002 is closed to isolate the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002 and the common air chamber from each other; as shown in fig. 5B, when the air pressure in the common air chamber is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the air valve 30 of the second air turbine 1002 is opened by the air pressure difference between the air pressure in the common air chamber and the atmospheric pressure to communicate the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002 with the common air chamber to form an air flow, and at the same time, the air valve 3 of the first air turbine 1001 is closed to isolate the air duct 1 of the first air turbine 1001 from the common air chamber.
For example, as shown in fig. 5A-5B, the first end of the first air duct 1 is in communication with the second opening 82, the second end of the first air duct 1 is in communication with the atmosphere, and the air valve 3 of the first air turbine 1001 is configured to open under the action of a first air pressure difference to communicate the common air chamber 8 with the atmosphere via the first air duct 1 to form an air flow, and to close under the action of a second air pressure difference to isolate the air in the common air chamber 8 from the atmosphere. The first end of the second air duct 10 is connected to the third opening 83, the second end of the second air duct 10 is connected to the atmosphere, and the air valve 30 of the second air turbine 1002 is configured to open under the action of the first air pressure difference to connect the common air chamber 8 to the atmosphere via the second air duct 10 to form an air flow, and close under the action of the second air pressure difference to isolate the air in the common air chamber 8 from the atmosphere.
For example, the first airway tube 1 may include a first portion 84 adjacent the common chamber and a second portion remote from the common chamber, the first portion 84 and the second portion being flange-connectable. The second section of the first gas duct 1 may also comprise a plurality of shorter ducts connected to each other by flanges, as can be seen in fig. 5A and 5B. The second airway tube 10 may include a first portion 85 adjacent the common chamber and a second portion remote from the common chamber, to which the first portion 85 may be flanged. For example, the first portion 84 of the first airway tube 1 and the first portion 85 of the second airway tube 10 may be curved to facilitate flexibility in positioning the generator.
For example, the first end 11 of the airway tube 1 of the first air turbine 1001 and the first end 110 of the airway tube 10 of the second air turbine 1002 are located adjacent to each other and between the second end 12 of the airway tube 1 of the first air turbine 1001 and the second end 120 of the airway tube 10 of the second air turbine 1002, so that a common electrical generator, described below, is provided between the first end 11 and the first end 110.
For example, in the power plant shown in fig. 5A-5B, the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001 and the rotor 4 of the second air turbine 1002 are connected to the same common generator 7, the common generator 7 being located between the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001 and the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002; the common generator 7 includes a first rotating shaft 71 and a second rotating shaft 72, the first rotating shaft 71 of the common generator 7 is connected to the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001 and configured to rotate under the driving of the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001 to drive the generator to generate electricity, and the second rotating shaft 72 of the common generator 7 is connected to the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002 and configured to rotate under the driving of the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002 to drive the generator to generate electricity. In this embodiment, the same common generator 7 is connected to the first air turbine 1001 and the second air turbine 1002 to perform bidirectional power generation, which is beneficial to making the power generation device compact in structure, simplifying the structure of the power generation device, reducing the volume of the power generation device, thereby reducing the floor area, facilitating installation and transportation, and saving the production cost.
The first portion 84 of the first airway tube 1 and the first portion 85 of the second airway tube 10 may be curved to facilitate bringing the first end 11 of the airway tube 1 of the first air turbine 1001 and the first end 110 of the airway tube 10 of the second air turbine 1002 into close proximity with one another to facilitate the provision of a common electrical generator 7. The curved tube shape also contributes to space saving while forming the same volume of the common air chamber. Of course, the chamber 2 of the first air turbine 1001 and the chamber 20 of the second air turbine 1002 may be straight tubes, and those skilled in the art may design them according to the positions and arrangement directions of the first air turbine and the second air turbine. The first section 84 of the first airway tube 1 and the first section 85 of the second airway tube 10 may be welded to the common air chamber 8 or may be integrally formed with the common air chamber 8 to simplify the manufacturing process.
For example, the materials of the first gas-guide tube 1, the second gas-guide tube 10 and the common air chamber 8 may be all metal materials, such as corrosion-resistant metals, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc., or organic materials, such as photosensitive resin.
In other embodiments, for example, the second opening 82 and the third opening 83 are located on the first side and the second side, respectively, intersecting the upper side of the common air chamber 8, as long as the second opening 82 and the third opening 83 have a height difference from the first opening 81, respectively.
For example, the common generator 7 further comprises a fuselage 73, the fuselage 73 being located between the first end 11 of the air duct 1 of the first air turbine 1001 and the first end 110 of the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002; a first end of the first rotary shaft 71 is connected to the fuselage 73, and a second end of the first rotary shaft 71 opposite to the first end thereof is connected to the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001 via the first end 11 of the air duct 1 of the first air turbine 1001; a first end of the second rotary shaft 72 is connected to the fuselage 73, and a second end of the second rotary shaft 72, which is opposite to the first end thereof, is connected to the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002 via the first end 110 of the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002, which in turn passes through the guide cone 60 of the second air turbine 1002 and the central region of the disk of the stator 50 of the second air turbine 1001. For example, one end of rotor rotating shaft 46 close to first rotating shaft 71 has a key groove 465, and a second end of first rotating shaft 71 is located in key groove 465 to connect with rotor rotating shaft 46, so that first rotating shaft 71 rotates along with the rotation of rotor rotating shaft, which compared with the solution that first rotating shaft 71 and rotor rotating shaft 46 are the same integrally formed rotating shaft, first bearing 11 and second bearing 12 also bear the weight of first rotating shaft 71 to reduce the burden of first rotating shaft 71. In addition, the first bearing 11 and the second bearing 12 can also share the axial force and the circumferential force perpendicular to the axial direction, which are applied to the first rotating shaft 71, in the working process, so that the first rotating shaft 71 is prevented from being damaged due to the stress, and the service life of the first rotating shaft 71 is prolonged. The damage of the first rotating shaft 71 is a serious problem in the working process of the power generation device, and the damage of the first rotating shaft 71 can be greatly reduced, so that the problem is reduced, the service life of the rotating shaft of the generator is prolonged, and the running reliability of the power generation device is improved. The second rotary shaft 72 is connected to the rotor 40 in the same manner as the first rotary shaft 71 is connected to the rotor 4.
Alternatively, the first shaft 71 and the rotor shaft are integrally formed as the same shaft.
For example, the guide cone 60 of the second air turbine 1002 has a symmetry axis in the extending direction of the second rotating shaft 72, and the second rotating shaft 72 passes through the guide cone 60 along the symmetry axis of the guide cone 60, so that the air flow passing through the guide cone 60 and reaching the rotor 40 is more uniform, the operation of the rotor is more stable, and the power generation of the power generation device is more stable.
For example, as shown in FIGS. 5A-5B, the power plant includes a sealed bearing 70, the sealed bearing 70 mounted to a disk of the stator 50 of the second air turbine 1002 and nested on the second shaft 72. The seal bearing 70 prevents a portion of the gas from being lost through a gap between the disc of the stator and the second rotating shaft when the gas flows through the stator.
A power generation test of the power generation device shown in fig. 5A was performed in a laboratory. During the experiment, water waves were created which fluctuated in the air chamber to change the air pressure in the air chamber. The waves in the wave period, wave height and the like in the experimental process of the present disclosure all refer to parameters of the water wave. The test conditions were as follows. The generator is a 60V alternating current generator, and three loads of a proper resistor, a 12V battery and a 24V battery are respectively connected to the generator to respectively charge the 12V battery and the 24V battery. Under different wave heights and cycle conditions, the rotating speeds of rotors of the air turbines are different, and therefore the power generation amount of the power generator is different. In the power generation test process, under a specific wave height and period condition, the electricity generated by the generator is used as a power supply to be connected to the slide rheostat, the resistance value of the slide rheostat is adjusted, and the resistance value of the slide rheostat when the maximum power generation power is reached is the appropriate resistance.
The regular wave (wave height and period are fixed values) parameters include: the wave period (the time interval of the wave from one peak or trough to the next peak or trough) was 2.45s, the wave height (the height difference between the peak and trough during the fluctuation of the liquid level) was about 150mm, and a plurality of tests were carried out under each condition, and the test data are shown in table 1.
The power generation efficiency is defined as: the ratio of the power generated by the generator to the wave power acting on the wave energy absorbing means.
Table 1 test data table one for regular wave
Figure BDA0002331842230000241
The results in table 1 show that the overall power generation efficiency is high, and is above 30%, even above 50%. When the appropriate resistor is connected, the highest power generation efficiency can reach 54.46%, and when the 12V storage battery is charged, the power generation efficiency is higher. Therefore, the 12V battery is selected to be connected for test, and the test results are shown in the table 2 in the power generation test under different periods.
Table 2 test data table two in the case of regular wave
Figure BDA0002331842230000242
The results in table 2 show that under the above conditions, the power generation efficiency is above 30%, even above 50%, and the power generation efficiency is overall higher; under the condition that the wave period is about 2.45 seconds, the power generation efficiency is highest and can reach 55.85 percent.
Compared with regular waves, the irregular waves are closer to the actual sea wave conditions, and in order to explore the power generation efficiency under the condition of the irregular waves (the wave height is a non-fixed value), the test is carried out under the condition of the irregular waves, the wave period is 2.55s, the wave height of the generated waves is about 200mm, and the power generation test results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 test data table for irregular wave
Electric power W Wave height mm Wave period s Wave power W Efficiency%
10.73 180.6 2.550 51.05 21.01
12.76 174.6 2.547 47.57 26.83
17.06 179.1 2.553 55.53 30.73
18.70 182.8 2.548 57.91 32.29
20.34 187.7 2.554 58.44 34.80
40.77 246.0 2.550 106.79 38.18
37.98 250.4 2.546 114.55 33.16
37.75 256.3 2.549 115.51 32.68
The results in table 3 show that the power generation efficiency is above 20% under the above irregular wave conditions, even reaches above 30% under many conditions, and the power generation efficiency is overall higher under the irregular wave conditions; under the condition that the wave height is 246.0mm, the power generation efficiency is highest and can reach 38.18 percent.
For example, fig. 6A is a schematic diagram of another power generation device provided in an embodiment of the disclosure in a first power generation state, and fig. 6B is a schematic diagram of the power generation device shown in fig. 6A in a second power generation state. The power generation apparatus shown in fig. 6A to 6B has the following differences from the power generation apparatus shown in fig. 5A to 5B. The power plant comprises a first air turbine and a second air turbine, the second end 12 of the air duct 1 of the first air turbine and the second end 120 of the air duct 10 of the second air turbine being located adjacent to each other and between the first end 11 of the air duct 1 of the first air turbine and the first end 110 of the air duct 10 of the second air turbine.
As shown in fig. 6A, as the seawater fluctuates in the common air chamber, when the air pressure in the common air chamber is less than the atmospheric pressure, the air valve 30 of the second air turbine opens (refer to the description of the embodiment of the air turbine mentioned earlier) under the action of the air pressure difference between the air pressure in the common air chamber and the atmospheric pressure to communicate the air duct 10 of the second air turbine with the common air chamber to form an air flow, and at the same time, the air valve 3 of the first air turbine closes to isolate the air duct 1 of the first air turbine from the common air chamber; and, as shown in fig. 6B, when the air pressure in the common air chamber is greater than the atmospheric pressure, the air valve 3 of the first air turbine is opened by the difference between the air pressure in the common air chamber and the atmospheric pressure to communicate the first air-permeable air duct 1 and the common air chamber 8 with each other to form an air flow, and at the same time, the air valve 30 of the second air turbine is closed to isolate the air duct 10 of the second air turbine from the common air chamber.
For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 6A-6B, the generator includes a first generator and a second generator, the first generator includes a first rotating shaft 71, the first rotating shaft 71 is connected with the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001 and configured to rotate under the driving of the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001, the second generator includes a second rotating shaft 72, the second rotating shaft 72 is connected with the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002 and configured to rotate under the driving of the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002, so that the kinetic energy of the rotor of the first air turbine and the kinetic energy of the rotor of the first air turbine are converted into electric energy by the first generator and the second generator, respectively, to generate electricity.
For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 6A-6B, the first generator further comprises a first body 731, and the power generation device further comprises a first protective cover 751 covering the first body 731. The first protection cover 751 covers the first body 731 and is mounted on the first mount 9. The first mounting seat 9 is hermetically connected with the first protection cover 751 to seal the generator in a space, so as to prevent the generator from being corroded by rainwater, seawater, fog and the like. The first body 731 is located in the air duct 1 of the first air turbine 1001 and between the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001 and the air valve 3 of the first air turbine 1001, a first end of a first rotating shaft 71 of the first generator is connected with the first body 731, and a second end, opposite to the first end, of the first rotating shaft 71 of the first generator is connected with the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001; the second generator further comprises a second body 732 and a first protective cover 752 covering the second body 732, the second body 732 is located outside the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002, a first end of a second rotating shaft 72 of the second generator is connected to the second body 732, and a second end of the second rotating shaft 72 of the second generator, which is opposite to the first end, extends into the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002 via a second end of the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002 and is connected to the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002. In this embodiment, two generators are respectively connected to the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001 to generate electricity and the rotor 40 of the second air turbine 1002 to generate electricity, so that the first rotating shaft 71 and the second rotating shaft 72 are connected to the rotors without penetrating through stators, thereby facilitating the connection between the rotating shafts of the generators and the rotors, reducing the difficulty of the manufacturing process, and facilitating the yield and the production efficiency. The specific connection between the first rotating shaft 71 and the rotor 4 and the connection between the second rotating shaft 72 and the rotor 40 can refer to the description in the previous embodiments, and will not be described herein again.
In the case where the first end 11 of the air duct 1 of the first air turbine 1001 and the first end 110 of the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002 are close to each other as shown in fig. 5A, a first generator connected to the rotor of the first air turbine to generate electric power and a second generator connected to the rotor of the second air turbine to generate electric power may be provided in a distributed manner.
Fig. 6C is an enlarged schematic view of the first generator installation in fig. 6A, and fig. 6D is an enlarged schematic view of the second generator installation in fig. 6A. As shown in fig. 6C, the first generator further includes a first mounting seat 9, and the body 731 of the first generator is mounted on the first mounting seat 9, so that the body 731 of the first generator is fixed by the first mounting seat 9, and at this time, a support does not need to be provided to support the first generator, thereby simplifying the structure of the power generation device. The first mounting seat 9 is fixedly connected with the first air duct 1, and the fixed connection is, for example, welded or bolted, and the specific connection manner can be referred to by those skilled in the art, and the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this. As shown in fig. 6C, the second generator further includes a second mounting seat 90, and the second mounting seat 90 is fixedly connected to the second air duct 10 in the manner as described above. Therefore, the body 732 of the first generator is fixed by the first mounting seat 9, and at this time, a bracket is not required to be arranged to support the body 732, so that the structure of the power generation device is simplified, and the space required for mounting the second generator is reduced, which is beneficial for placing the body 732 of the second generator in the second air duct 10.
The first generator and the first mounting seat are matched in the same way as the second generator and the second mounting seat, and the first generator and the first mounting seat are matched in the following. Fig. 6E is a schematic diagram of the first generator and the first mounting seat, and as shown in fig. 6E, the first mounting seat 9 includes a generator shaft through hole and a plurality of bolt holes located in a central region thereof, the positions of the bolt holes are identical to the positions of the holes on the flange plate of the first generator, which is close to the first mounting seat, and the first generator is mounted on the first mounting seat by bolts through the holes on the first generator flange and the bolt holes on the first mounting seat. The above is an exemplary manner of matching the first generator with the first mounting seat, and the specific mounting manner of the generator is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can mount the generator according to the conventional techniques in the art. The first rotating shaft 71 of the first generator passes through the through hole of the rotating shaft of the generator and then enters the first air duct 1 through the second end of the first air duct 1 to be connected with the rotor 4.
A generator mounting groove 92 and a generator rotating shaft through hole are formed in the center of the first mounting seat 9, a generator is mounted in the generator mounting groove 92, for example, the first rotating shaft 71 is located in the generator mounting groove 92; the first rotating shaft 71 passes through the through hole of the rotating shaft of the generator and enters the first air duct 1. Fig. 6E and 6F show a first side of the first mounting seat 9, and fig. 6G shows a second side of the first mounting seat 9 opposite to its first side, which second side is provided with a second bearing seat 94, the second bearing being mounted on the second bearing seat 94. The first mounting seat 9 is fixedly connected to the first end of the first air duct 1, for example, by welding or bolting, for example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 6F, the first mounting seat 9 is equivalent to a flange, and the connection manner between the first mounting seat 9 of the generator and the first air duct 1 is flange connection. Specific connection modes those skilled in the art can refer to the conventional technologies, and the embodiment of the disclosure is not limited thereto.
The generator mounting base 9 is provided with an air hole 91, and the gas in the first air duct 1 is discharged through the air outlet hole 91 or the gas in the atmosphere enters the first air duct 1 through the air hole 91 and then enters the public air chamber. The air hole 91 is located on the outer side of the generator protection cover, so that the air in the air guide pipe can be smoothly discharged or the air in the atmosphere can enter the air guide pipe to be relayed and enter the air chamber through the air hole 91, and meanwhile, rainwater and seawater are prevented from entering the air guide pipe.
For example, as shown in fig. 6A-6B, the power generation apparatus further includes a first support structure 131 and a second support structure 132. The first support structure 131 is connected to the first air duct 1 and is configured to support the first air duct 1, carrying the first air duct 1, the rotor and the stator of the first air turbine, and the weight of the first generator. The first support structure 132 is connected to the second airway tube 10 and is configured to support the second airway tube 10, carrying the second airway tube 10, the rotor and stator of the second air turbine, and the weight of the second electrical generator.
Other unreferenced features and technical effects of the power generation apparatus shown in fig. 6A-6B are the same as those of fig. 5A-5B, and reference is made to the previous description.
Fig. 7A is a schematic view of another power generation device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure in a first power generation state, and fig. 7B is a schematic view of the power generation device shown in fig. 7A in a second power generation state. The power generation apparatus shown in fig. 7A to 7B has the following differences from the power generation apparatus shown in fig. 5A to 5B. As shown in fig. 7A-7B, the rotor 4 of the first air turbine is located on a side of the air valve 3 of the first air turbine near the air chamber of the first air turbine, the first generator includes a first body 731, the first body 731 is located between the rotor 4 of the first air turbine and the air valve 3, a first end of the first rotating shaft 71 is connected to the first body 731, and a second end of the first rotating shaft 71 opposite to the first end thereof is connected to the rotor 4 of the first air turbine; the rotor 40 of the second air turbine is located on the side of the air valve 30 of the second air turbine close to the air chamber of the second air turbine, the second generator includes a second body 732, the second body 732 is located on the side of the rotor 40 of the second air turbine far from the air valve 30, a first end of the rotating shaft 72 of the second generator is connected to the second body 732, and a second end of the rotating shaft 72 of the second generator opposite to the first end thereof is connected to the rotor 40 of the second air turbine. For a specific connection manner between the first rotating shaft 71 and the rotor 4 and a specific connection manner between the rotating shaft 72 of the second generator and the rotor 40, please refer to the description in the previous embodiment, and further description thereof is omitted.
For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 7A to 7B, the rotor 4 of the first air turbine and the first generator are located in the first air duct 1, and the rotor 40 of the second air turbine and the second generator are located in the second air duct, which facilitates the installation of the first generator and the second generator, and makes the mechanism of the power generating apparatus compact and space-saving.
As shown in fig. 7A, as the seawater fluctuates in the common air chamber, when the air pressure in the common air chamber is less than the atmospheric pressure, the air valve 30 of the second air turbine opens (refer to the description of the embodiment of the air turbine above) under the action of the air pressure difference between the air pressure in the common air chamber and the atmospheric pressure to communicate the common air chamber and the external atmosphere with each other to form an air flow, the air flow enters the second air duct through the air valve 30, passes through the stator 50, the rotor 40 in turn, enters the common air chamber through the second air duct, and at the same time, the air valve 3 of the first air turbine closes to isolate the common air chamber and the external atmosphere from each other; and, as shown in fig. 7B, when the air pressure in the common air chamber is greater than the atmospheric pressure, the air valve 3 of the first air turbine is opened by the difference between the air pressure in the common air chamber and the atmospheric pressure to communicate the air duct 1 of the first air turbine and the common air chamber 8 with each other to form an air flow, and at the same time, the air valve 30 of the second air turbine is closed to isolate the air duct 10 of the second air turbine 1002 and the common air chamber from each other.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 7A-7B, the first rotating shaft 71 of the first generator is connected to the rotor 4 of the first air turbine 1001 and configured to rotate under the driving of the rotor 4 of the first air turbine, and the second rotating shaft 72 of the second generator is connected to the rotor 40 of the second air turbine and configured to rotate under the driving of the rotor 40 of the second air turbine, so that the kinetic energy of the rotor 4 of the first air turbine and the kinetic energy of the rotor 40 of the second air turbine are converted into electric energy by the first generator and the second generator, respectively, to generate electricity.
For example, in the power generation apparatus provided in the other embodiments, the air turbines may be combined with each other. For example, in one embodiment, the rotor of the first air turbine is located on a side of the air valve of the first air turbine close to the air chamber of the first air turbine, the first generator includes a first body, the first body is located on a side of the rotor of the first air turbine far from the air valve, a first end of a rotating shaft of the first generator is connected to the first body, and a second end of the rotating shaft of the first generator opposite to the first end thereof is connected to the rotor of the first air turbine, that is, the right side first air turbine in fig. 7A; and, the rotor of the second air turbine is located on the side of the air valve of the second air turbine away from the air chamber of the second air turbine, the second generator includes a second body, the second body is located between the rotor of the second air turbine and the air valve, the first end of the rotating shaft of the second generator is connected with the second body, the second end of the rotating shaft of the second generator opposite to its first end is connected with the rotor of the second air turbine, namely the second air turbine on the left side in fig. 6A.
Alternatively, in another embodiment, when the rotor of the first air turbine is located on the side of the air valve of the first air turbine away from the air chamber of the first air turbine, the first generator includes a first body, the first body is located on the side of the rotor of the first air turbine away from the air valve of the first air turbine, a first end of a rotating shaft of the first generator is connected to the first body, and a second end of the rotating shaft of the first generator opposite to the first end thereof is connected to the rotor of the first air turbine, that is, the power generation device includes the first air turbine on the right side in fig. 6A; the rotor of the second air turbine is located on one side of the air valve of the second air turbine close to the air chamber of the second air turbine, the second generator includes a second body located on one side of the rotor of the second air turbine far from the air valve of the second air turbine, a first end of a rotating shaft of the second generator is connected with the second body, and a second end of the rotating shaft of the second generator opposite to the first end thereof is connected with the rotor of the second air turbine, that is, the power generation device includes the second air turbine on the left side in fig. 7A.
It should be noted that, in the power generation apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the air turbines is not limited, and the above embodiment takes the example including two air turbines. For example, three or four air turbines provided by embodiments of the present disclosure may be included, and accordingly, the common plenum may have openings that communicate with three or four air turbines.
Additionally, in other embodiments, for example, a power plant may include a plurality of air turbines provided by embodiments of the present disclosure, with the plenums of the plurality of air turbines not being in communication with one another. For example, the air valves of the plurality of air turbines may be directly connected to the corresponding air chambers, or may be connected to the corresponding air chambers through connecting pipes. Taking as an example a power plant comprising a first air turbine and a second air turbine. The power generating apparatus of the present embodiment is different from the power generating apparatus of the above embodiment in that the air chamber of the first air turbine and the air chamber of the second air turbine are two air chambers that are not communicated with each other, for example, a first air chamber and a second air chamber, respectively, the first air chamber and the second air chamber are configured to allow liquid to enter therein, respectively, and the liquid level of the liquid in the first air chamber fluctuates so that the air pressure in the first air chamber is adjustable, and the liquid level of the liquid in the second air chamber fluctuates so that the air pressure in the second air chamber is adjustable. The number of air turbines and the number of chambers that are not in communication with each other are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The features and technical effects of other structures of the power generation device of the present embodiment are the same as those of the previous embodiments, and reference may be made to the previous description.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the present invention and not to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims appended hereto.

Claims (10)

1. An air turbine comprising:
a gas chamber, wherein a gas pressure within the gas chamber is adjustable, and a difference between the gas pressure within the gas chamber and an atmospheric pressure comprises a first gas pressure difference and a second gas pressure difference;
the air valve is configured to be opened under the action of the first air pressure difference so as to enable the air chamber to be communicated with the atmosphere to form air flow, and is closed under the action of the second air pressure difference so as to enable the air chamber to be isolated from the atmosphere, and the directions of the first air pressure difference and the second air pressure difference are opposite; and
a rotor configured to rotate under the driving of the airflow.
2. The air turbine of claim 1, wherein the air valve comprises:
a valve plate fixed between the air chamber and the atmosphere, the valve plate including a first plate surface facing the incoming direction of the air flow and a second plate surface opposite to the first plate surface, the valve plate having a through hole penetrating the valve plate in a direction from the first plate surface to the second plate surface; and
the rectifier is arranged on the second plate surface of the valve plate, wherein the air pressure in the air chamber is greater than the atmospheric pressure to generate the first air pressure difference, and the rectifier is configured to leave the through hole under the action of the first air pressure difference to enable the air valve to be opened; the air pressure in the air chamber is smaller than the atmospheric pressure to generate the second air pressure difference, and the rectifier is configured to seal the through hole under the action of the second air pressure difference so as to close the air valve.
3. The air turbine of claim 2, further comprising:
the air duct comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the rotor is positioned in the air duct, and the air valve is positioned between the air chamber and the air duct; the first end of the air duct is communicated with the atmosphere, and the second end of the air duct is connected to the air chamber through the air valve; the air valve is configured to open under the action of the first air pressure difference to enable the air duct and the air chamber to be communicated with each other to form the air flow, and close under the action of the second air pressure difference to enable the air duct and the air chamber to be isolated from each other.
4. The air turbine of claim 3, wherein the rotor is located on a side of the air valve away from the air chamber in the direction of flow of the air stream;
the second plate surface faces the rotor, and the airflow passes through the air valve and then flows through the rotor, or the first plate surface faces the rotor, and the airflow passes through the rotor and then enters the air chamber through the air valve.
5. The air turbine according to claim 3, wherein the rotor is located on a side of the air valve adjacent to the air chamber in a flow direction of the air stream;
the first plate surface faces the rotor and the airflow passes through the air valve after passing through the rotor, or the second plate surface faces the rotor and the airflow passes through the rotor after passing through the air valve.
6. The air turbine according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the rectifying plate includes a first portion and a second portion connected to each other, wherein,
the first portion is at least partially fixed to the valve plate, and the second portion is configured to exit the through hole under the action of the first air pressure difference and to close the through hole under the action of the second air pressure difference.
7. The air turbine of claim 6, wherein the first portion and the second portion are integrally formed; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the first portion is connected to the second portion by a connector.
8. The air turbine according to claim 6, wherein the air duct is a straight tube, a direction from the air valve to the rotor coincides with an extending direction of the air duct, and a direction from the first portion of the fairing to the second portion of the fairing is perpendicular to the extending direction of the air duct.
9. The air turbine according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the material of the flow-rectifying plate is metal, and the thickness of the flow-rectifying plate in the direction from the first plate surface to the second plate surface is 1mm to 3 mm; or the rectifying sheet is made of rubber or silica gel and has a thickness of 1mm-5 mm.
10. An air turbine according to any of claims 2 to 5, wherein said valve plate further comprises:
the supporting frame is positioned in the through hole and comprises at least one pair of opposite end parts, the at least one pair of opposite end parts are connected with the inner wall of the through hole, and the through hole is divided into a plurality of parts which are not communicated with each other by the supporting frame.
CN201911342757.8A 2019-12-23 2019-12-23 Air turbine and power generation device Pending CN111022245A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911342757.8A CN111022245A (en) 2019-12-23 2019-12-23 Air turbine and power generation device
PCT/CN2020/138612 WO2021129661A1 (en) 2019-12-23 2020-12-23 Air turbine and power generation device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911342757.8A CN111022245A (en) 2019-12-23 2019-12-23 Air turbine and power generation device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111022245A true CN111022245A (en) 2020-04-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201911342757.8A Pending CN111022245A (en) 2019-12-23 2019-12-23 Air turbine and power generation device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111022245A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021129661A1 (en) * 2019-12-23 2021-07-01 杭州巨浪能源科技有限公司 Air turbine and power generation device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021129661A1 (en) * 2019-12-23 2021-07-01 杭州巨浪能源科技有限公司 Air turbine and power generation device

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