CN111022197A

CN111022197A - Device for controlling cylinder output power in batches for internal combustion engine and energy-saving method

Info

Publication number: CN111022197A
Application number: CN201811193547.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-10-09
Filing date: 2018-10-09
Publication date: 2020-04-17
Also published as: WO2020073144A1

Abstract

An apparatus and method for reducing the energy consumption of an internal combustion engine at low loads. The method is characterized in that: (1) the air inlet quantity of each partial cylinder is controlled by 1 throttle valve (including an idling motor) of the internal combustion engine to 2 or more than 2 throttle valves; each throttle comprises an intake manifold, an air (pressure or flow) sensor, an oil nozzle, an exhaust gas recirculation valve and a cylinder. (2) When the internal combustion engine works under the working condition of medium rotating speed and small load, the total output power of the internal combustion engine is ensured to meet the requirement, the air input of part of cylinders is increased to enable the cylinders to enter the optimal working condition, and the throttle valves of the other cylinders are closed to stop oil injection. (3) When the throttle valves of partial cylinders are closed (oil injection is stopped), the exhaust gas recirculation valve in the system is opened to the maximum, so that the motion resistance of the piston is minimum, the temperature of each component in the system is moderate, and engine oil is prevented from being sucked into the cylinders. The invention has the advantages and effects that: 1. the energy consumption of the internal combustion engine during the small-load operation is reduced. 2. Simple structure and is suitable for various internal combustion engines.

Description

Device for controlling cylinder output power in batches for internal combustion engine and energy-saving method

Technical Field

The invention relates to various internal combustion engines, in particular to a method for adjusting the air intake quantity of each cylinder in batch according to requirements instead of the equal air intake quantity of each cylinder when the existing internal combustion engine works, so that the cylinder of the internal combustion engine works in the best condition (the energy efficiency ratio is highest and the pollution is minimum) as far as possible; when the engine is in a medium speed and low load state, a part of air cylinders are closed to stop oil injection, and exhaust gas is injected into an intake manifold through an exhaust gas recirculation EGR system to reduce the motion resistance of a piston, prevent engine oil from being sucked into the air cylinders, and keep the temperature of the system moderate.

Background

When the internal combustion engine works, the internal combustion engine has an optimal working condition, the internal combustion engine works under the working condition, the energy consumption ratio (the ratio of output power to consumed energy) of the internal combustion engine is highest, the pollution is minimum, the energy consumption ratio of the internal combustion engine is reduced and the pollution is increased when the internal combustion engine exceeds the optimal working condition range. The best working condition of the internal combustion engine is at medium speed and medium load, taking an automobile with the displacement of 1.6 liters and the highest speed of 200km/h as an example, the best working condition of the internal combustion engine is usually about 90km/h, and the displacement of the internal combustion engine of the automobile cannot be selected to be too small if the automobile meets the requirements of the highest speed and acceleration; the displacement of the internal combustion engine of the automobile cannot be too large to enable the internal combustion engine to work under the optimal working condition when the automobile runs in a city (usually the speed per hour is about 50 km/h). How to solve the problem is that the main methods adopted by automobile manufacturers at present are as follows: (1) the maximum output power of the internal combustion engine is improved by adopting a turbocharging or intake valve phase variable technology, so that a small-displacement automobile can achieve higher output power, and the oil consumption of the current automobile is greatly reduced compared with that of the past. This method is not perfect, since it only increases the output of the internal combustion engine, but does not increase the torque of the internal combustion engine. (2) In the low-load working condition, the hybrid electric vehicle is driven by the motor when the electric quantity is allowed, and is driven by the internal combustion engine when the electric quantity is insufficient. Due to the complex structure, large battery and high manufacturing cost of the hybrid electric vehicle, low space utilization rate of the vehicle and the like, the use and popularization of the hybrid electric vehicle are affected.

Today, petroleum resources are more and more scarce, and air pollution is more and more serious, what is still a way to further reduce the energy consumption of automobiles, especially the energy consumption of high-power internal combustion engines? At present, the internal combustion engine works in a small load state (such as an automobile running in an urban area) most of time, and each cylinder works in a non-optimal working condition, so that the energy efficiency is low and the pollution is heavy. Can we redistribute the output power of the cylinders, let a part of the cylinder output power reduce or do nothing, let another part of the cylinder output power improve at the same time, under the condition of ensuring that the total output power of the internal combustion engine meets the use requirement, let a part of the cylinders enter the best working condition in advance, thus reduce the energy consumption of the internal combustion engine under light load, reduce the air pollution?

Disclosure of Invention

Under the condition of keeping the main structure of the internal combustion engine basically unchanged, the invention changes the structure of the air inlet manifold of the internal combustion engine, increases the number of the throttle valves, and changes the 'equivalent' air supply mode adopted by the air distribution of each cylinder of the single throttle internal combustion engine into the 'batch increasing' air supply mode of the cylinders of the multi-throttle internal combustion engine. The specific method comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that the condition that the air inflow of each cylinder is equal (the oil injection quantity is equal and the output power is equal) under any working condition of the internal combustion engine is changed into the condition that the efficiency is low when the internal combustion engine is at a medium speed and under a small load is improved on the premise of ensuring the performance and the power of the internal combustion engine (1), the air inflow of part of the cylinders is increased, and the internal combustion engine enters the optimal working condition as soon as possible; (2) the throttle valves of the rest cylinders are closed, the oil injection nozzle stops injecting oil, meanwhile, the exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve is opened to the maximum, a large amount of cooled exhaust gas is injected into the air inlet manifold to reduce the resistance of the piston during movement, and engine oil is prevented from being sucked into the cylinders, so that the temperature of components in the system is moderate.

The invention (the device and the method for controlling the output power of the internal combustion engine in batches) is characterized in that: (1) intake manifold structure and number of throttle valves: the air intake manifold of the internal combustion engine is provided with 2 or more than 2 throttles (including an idle motor), the throttles can be arranged in series or in parallel, and each throttle controls the air intake of a part of cylinders; an air inlet sensor (such as a pressure sensor or a flow sensor) is arranged in an air inlet system consisting of each throttle valve, and the air pressure or the air inlet amount of an air inlet manifold is measured through the sensor to control the oil injection amount of an oil nozzle of a cylinder in the system; a throttle valve position sensor is arranged on the throttle valve, and the internal combustion engine computer determines the load of an internal combustion engine cylinder according to the opening degree of the throttle valve and adjusts the fuel injection quantity according to the movement direction of the throttle valve; an EGR valve is installed behind each throttle valve and connected with an EGR pipeline of the internal combustion engine, when the throttle valves of partial cylinders are closed (oil injection is stopped), the EGR valve in the system is opened to the maximum, cooled exhaust gas enters an intake manifold as much as possible, the motion resistance of a piston is minimum, the temperature of each component in the system is moderate, and engine oil is prevented from being sucked into the cylinders. In order to distinguish the existing intake control mechanism, the new intake control mechanism is called an "n-throttle internal combustion engine", and the corresponding automobile is called an "n-throttle automobile" (n: number of throttles). (2) The gas distribution method comprises the following steps: the air inflow of each cylinder of the internal combustion engine is changed from the existing equivalent air distribution mode to the batch adjustment air distribution mode, so that when the internal combustion engine is in a small-load working condition, the air inflow of a batch of cylinders is only increased (the air inflow of the other cylinders is basically kept unchanged or even closed), the batch of cylinders are advanced to enter the medium-load optimal working condition, and the purposes of reducing energy consumption and reducing air pollution are achieved. (3) The comprehensive consumption reduction and control method comprises the following steps: in order to reduce the resistance of the piston without power output and prevent oil from being sucked into the cylinder, and keep the system at a proper temperature, an exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve is arranged on an intake manifold behind each throttle valve, and when the throttle valve is closed, the corresponding exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve is fully opened, so that the cooled exhaust gas enters the intake manifold as much as possible. Otherwise the EGR valve control is the same as in a conventional single throttle engine.

The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:

1. the energy consumption is reduced (the larger the discharge capacity is, the more remarkable the energy saving effect is), and the pollution is reduced. The invention can reduce the energy consumption of the internal combustion engine at the medium speed and the low load and reduce the environmental pollution (taking an automobile as an example, the internal combustion engine runs at the medium speed most of the time, works under the working condition of the low load, has high energy consumption and serious waste gas) on the premise of ensuring that the dynamic performance, the noise, the vibration and the like of the internal combustion engine are basically unchanged.

2. The performance is stable, and the failure rate is low. The invention only changes the structure of the air inlet manifold of the internal combustion engine, increases the number of the throttle valve, the exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve and the air inlet sensor, and does not involve high-temperature, high-speed and high-load components of the internal combustion engine, so the device has stable performance and low failure rate.

3. Has wide application range. The device of the present invention is widely applicable to various internal combustion engines currently used, such as natural intake, turbo charging, etc., because it does not involve the main structure of the internal combustion engine.

4. Simple structure and easy popularization. The invention has the advantages of small range of internal combustion engines, simple structure of the intake manifold and low requirements on manufacturing equipment and process, thereby being easy to popularize.

5. Old equipment is simple to reform, low in cost and easy to popularize quickly. The invention does not involve the main structure of the internal combustion engine, and only needs to replace the air inlet manifold and the engine control computer ECU (on the premise that the internal combustion engine is provided with an exhaust gas recirculation EGR system), so the old equipment is relatively simple to modify, the modification cost is lower, and the invention is easy to rapidly popularize.

Drawings

The attached drawing of the invention is to take the most common 4-cylinder internal combustion engine as an example, and draws the structural schematic diagram of 2 throttles mounted in parallel and 2 throttles mounted in series. The structure and control method of the intake manifold for other types of internal combustion engines or different throttle amounts are substantially the same, and therefore, description thereof is omitted.

Description of the drawings fig. 1: the structural schematic diagram of 2 throttles of a 4-cylinder internal combustion engine which are installed in parallel.

Description of the drawings fig. 2: the structure of the 4-cylinder internal combustion engine with 2 throttles arranged in series is shown schematically.

In the figure: 1-throttle and idling electric machine 1, 2-air sensor (including pressure and temperature measurement) 1

3-throttle and idle motor 2, 4-air sensor (including pressure and temperature measurement) 2

5-cylinder 1 oil injection nozzle, 6-cylinder 2 oil injection nozzle

7-cylinder 3 injection nozzle, 8-cylinder 4 injection nozzle, 9-EGR valve 1

10-EGR valve 2

Detailed Description

The principle of the invention is as follows: the air cylinders of the internal combustion engine are divided into 2 batches or a plurality of batches, the air inflow of each batch of air cylinders is controlled by a corresponding throttle valve, the oil injection quantity of an oil injection nozzle of each air cylinder is controlled by an internal combustion engine computer ECU according to the rotation angle of the throttle valve and the intake pressure or intake flow measured by an air sensor in the area, and meanwhile, the feedback adjustment is carried out according to the voltage measured by an oxygen sensor at an exhaust port of the air cylinder. For simplicity of description, the following figure 1 is the simplest structure: the "2 throttles installed in parallel" is explained in detail as an example.

1. Idling condition: when the internal combustion engine is started, the throttle valve 1 and the throttle valve 2 are in a closed state, the air inflow of each cylinder is controlled by the idling motor, and the working condition of the internal combustion engine is completely the same as the idling condition when the single-throttle internal combustion engine is started.

2. Initial low speed condition: when the throttle valve is started to be increased, the opening angles of the throttle valve 1 and the throttle valve 2 are synchronously increased, and the air inflow (oil injection quantity) of 4 cylinders is also synchronously increased. The operating conditions of the internal combustion engine are exactly the same as when starting the single throttle internal combustion engine.

3. Medium-speed and small-load working condition: when the rotating speed of the internal combustion engine exceeds the set rotating speed (for example 1500r/min), if the opening angle of the throttle valve 1 does not reach the set value of the optimal working condition, the opening angle of the throttle valve 2 starts to be reduced, and meanwhile, the opening angle of the throttle valve 1 starts to be increased, so that the opening angle of the throttle valve 1 can reach the set value of the optimal working condition of the cylinder as far as possible under the condition that the output power of the internal combustion engine meets the use requirement. At this time, the throttle valve 2 is closed and the in-system fuel injection nozzle stops injecting fuel, and the EGR valve 2 is opened to the maximum.

4. Medium-speed and medium-load working conditions: when the opening angle of the throttle valve 1 reaches the upper limit of the optimal working condition and the throttle valve is continuously increased, the opening angle of the throttle valve 1 is not increased any more, the throttle valve 2 is opened, the exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve 2 is closed (the exhaust gas air inflow is the same as the control method of the single-throttle internal combustion engine), and the oil injection nozzle in the system starts to inject oil until the opening angle of the throttle valve 2 also reaches the upper limit of the optimal working condition of the cylinder 2 and the cylinder 3.

5. High-speed and large-load working condition: when the opening angles of the throttle valve 1 and the throttle valve 2 reach the upper limit of the optimal working condition, and the throttle valve is further increased (the internal combustion engine enters a large-load interval), the opening degrees of the throttle valve 1 and the throttle valve 2 are synchronously increased continuously. The output power of 4 cylinders of the internal combustion engine is equal until the internal combustion engine reaches the maximum output power.

6. The reduction in output power is exactly the opposite of the above-mentioned 1-5 strips and will not be described again.

Claims

1. An apparatus for batch controlling cylinder output of an internal combustion engine, characterized in that: the air inlet end of the internal combustion engine is provided with 2 or more than 2 throttles (including an idle speed motor), and the throttles can be arranged in parallel or in series; an intake manifold, an air pressure (or air flow) sensor, an oil nozzle, an exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve and an air cylinder are arranged behind each throttle valve; each throttle valve controls partial cylinders, so that the air inflow of each throttle valve can be independently and continuously adjusted; when the internal combustion engine works under the working condition of medium rotating speed and small load, the total output power of the internal combustion engine is ensured to meet the use requirement, the air input of part of cylinders is increased to enable the cylinders to enter the optimal working condition, and the throttle valves of the other cylinders are closed (oil injection is stopped) and do not work; when the throttle valves of part of the cylinders are closed (oil injection is stopped), the EGR valve in the system is opened to the maximum, cooled waste gas enters an intake manifold as much as possible, the motion resistance of the piston is minimum, the temperature of each part in the system is kept moderate, and engine oil is prevented from being sucked into the cylinders.

2. The apparatus for batchwise control of cylinder output power from an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 1, for effecting energy saving, characterized in that: when the internal combustion engine is started, all throttle valves and the exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve are closed, the air inflow is controlled by the idling motor, the air inflow and the oil injection quantity of each cylinder are equal, and the oil consumption is the same as that of a single-throttle internal combustion engine.

3. The apparatus for batchwise control of cylinder output power from an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 1, for effecting energy saving, characterized in that: when the internal combustion engine is at low speed and low load, each air throttle is synchronously opened at the same angle to ensure the stable operation of the internal combustion engine, the air inflow and the oil injection quantity of each air cylinder are equal, and the oil consumption is the same as that of a single-throttle internal combustion engine.

4. The apparatus for batchwise control of cylinder output power from an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 1, for effecting energy saving, characterized in that: when the internal combustion engine is in a low-speed and low-load state, the air inflow of a part of cylinders is more, so that the cylinders work under the optimal conditions (the energy efficiency ratio is highest and the pollution is minimum); the throttles of the other cylinders are closed and do not inject oil, the EGR valve for exhaust gas recirculation is opened to the maximum (similar to the downhill sliding of a vehicle), and the overall oil consumption of the internal combustion engine is lower than that of a single-throttle internal combustion engine.

5. The apparatus for batchwise control of cylinder output power from an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 1, for effecting energy saving, characterized in that: when the internal combustion engine is at a medium speed and a medium load, the opening angles of all the throttle valves are the same, the air inflow and the oil injection quantity of all the cylinders are equal, the cylinders work under the optimum working condition of the medium load, and the oil consumption is the same as that of a single-throttle internal combustion engine.

6. The apparatus for batchwise control of cylinder output power from an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 1, for effecting energy saving, characterized in that: when the engine is in high speed and high load, the opening angle of each throttle is the same, the air inflow and the oil injection quantity of each cylinder are the same, the cylinders work under the high load working condition, and the oil consumption is the same as that of a single-throttle internal combustion engine.

7. The energy-saving method for controlling cylinder output power in batches by internal combustion engines according to claim 1 is realized by the device for controlling cylinder output power in batches by internal combustion engines according to claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5 and claim 6, wherein an air sensor (such as a pressure sensor and a flow sensor) is mounted on each throttle-controlled intake manifold, and the air pressure or the air intake quantity of the intake manifold is measured by the air sensor to control the oil injection quantity of the oil injection nozzle of the cylinder in each system.

8. The energy-saving method for controlling the cylinder output power in batches by using the internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 is realized by installing an exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve on each air inlet manifold controlled by a throttle valve and connecting the EGR valve with the exhaust gas recirculation system of the internal combustion engine, when a part of cylinders need to output no power, the throttle valves of the cylinders are completely closed, air is not allowed to enter the air inlet manifolds, and simultaneously the EGR valve is opened to the maximum, so that the cooled exhaust gas can enter the air inlet manifolds as much as possible. The purpose is to reduce the resistance when the piston moves, prevent the engine oil from being sucked into the cylinder, and simultaneously keep the temperature in the system moderate.