CN111021985A

CN111021985A - Bridge plug

Info

Publication number: CN111021985A
Application number: CN201811173562.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈新志; 鲁霖懋; 王惠请; 艾克白尔江·依米尔
Original assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Current assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-10-09
Filing date: 2018-10-09
Publication date: 2020-04-17

Abstract

The present invention provides a bridge plug comprising: the central pipe is provided with a flow passage which penetrates through the central pipe; the slips are arranged on the outer side of the central pipe so as to lock the bridge plug in the shaft, and other parts of the bridge plug except the slips are made of drillable materials; and the unsealing sleeve is sleeved between the central pipes and is provided with a convex structure extending out towards the center of the central pipes so as to salvage the bridge plug out of the shaft through the unsealing sleeve. The invention solves the problem that the bridge plug in the prior art can not meet the use requirement.

Description

Bridge plug

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil field exploration and development, in particular to a bridge plug.

Background

The existing bridge plug is generally divided into a retrievable bridge plug and a drillable bridge plug, the steel body of the retrievable bridge plug has high strength, and once the fishing fails, drilling and grinding measures are difficult to take; the drillable bridge plug is made of drillable materials, has stronger plasticity and insufficient toughness, so the drillable bridge plugs are all solid bridge plugs. When the drillable bridge plug is released, the drillable bridge plug is not suitable for fishing and only can be drilled and ground, so that residues can fall into the bottom of a well. Drillable and desirable bridge plugs in the domestic market are solid bridge plugs, the characteristic of high positive and negative pressure difference resistance of the bridge plugs is often required to be utilized in oil field production, the bridge plugs are sometimes required to have a hollow structure so as to meet the requirements of production tests, and the conventional drillable and desirable bridge plugs cannot meet the requirements of special construction in the oil field development process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a bridge plug to solve the problem that the bridge plug in the prior art cannot meet the use requirement.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a bridge plug comprising: the central pipe is provided with a flow passage which penetrates through the central pipe; the slips are arranged on the outer side of the central pipe so as to lock the bridge plug in the shaft, and other parts of the bridge plug except the slips are made of drillable materials; and the unsealing sleeve is sleeved between the central pipes and is provided with a convex structure extending out towards the center of the central pipes so as to salvage the bridge plug out of the shaft through the unsealing sleeve.

Further, the slips include: the connecting part is arranged outside the central tube; the connecting part is made of a drillable material, and the teeth are made of a brittle material.

Further, the drillable material is an aluminum alloy material.

Further, the brittle material is a ceramic material.

Further, the bridge plug comprises a seat sealing device, an anchoring device, a sealing device and a connecting device which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the seat sealing device is arranged at the top of the central tube and is provided with an auxiliary channel communicated with the overflowing channel; the anchoring device is arranged on the outer side of the central pipe and can generate radial movement under the pushing of the seat device or the sealing device so as to fix the bridge plug in the well bore; a connecting device is connected to the bottom of the center tube to connect a desired component at the bottom of the bridge plug, the connecting device having a through hole communicating with the flow passage.

Further, the seating device includes: the seat sealing sleeve is partially sleeved outside the central tube; the unsealing sleeve is sleeved between the central pipe and the seat sealing sleeve, a part of the unsealing sleeve extends out of the top of the central pipe, and an unsealing shear pin is arranged between the unsealing sleeve and the central pipe; the part of the connecting sleeve is arranged in the deblocking sleeve and is abutted against the upper surface of the convex structure, the lower surface of the convex structure is abutted against the top end of the central tube, a seat seal shear pin is arranged between the part of the connecting sleeve extending out of the deblocking sleeve and the seat seal sleeve, when the seat seal shear pin is sheared, the central tube, the deblocking sleeve and the connecting sleeve can move upwards together, and a locking block is arranged between the inner wall of the bottom of the connecting sleeve and the central tube; the lock sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the central tube and is abutted against the bottom of the connecting sleeve and the lock block, and one part of the lock sleeve is positioned between the central tube and the seat seal sleeve.

Further, the anchoring device includes: the top of the upper vertebral body is abutted against the seat envelope; the bottom of the lower cone body is abutted against the sealing device, and a locking shear pin is arranged between the lower cone body and the central pipe; slips are arranged between the upper vertebral body and the lower vertebral body to generate radial movement under the pushing of the upper vertebral body and the lower vertebral body.

Furthermore, the end face of the slip close to the central pipe is provided with a slip inclined plane, the upper cone and the lower cone are respectively provided with a cone inclined plane with one end abutted against the slip, and the cone inclined planes are matched with the slip inclined planes to push the slip to move towards the direction far away from the central pipe.

Further, the sealing device includes: the end rubber cylinders are connected with the lower vertebral body and the connecting device; the two ends of the middle rubber cylinder are provided with end rubber cylinders, and the elasticity of the middle rubber cylinder is greater than that of the end rubber cylinders; and the spacing rings are arranged between the end rubber cylinders and the middle rubber cylinder so as to separate the end rubber cylinders from the middle rubber cylinder.

Furthermore, the connecting device comprises a connector, a part of the connector is sleeved outside the central pipe and moves synchronously with the central pipe, the connector is provided with a through hole, when the central pipe moves upwards, the locking shear pin is cut off, and the connector extrudes the sealing device, so that the sealing device seals a gap between the shaft and the bridge plug.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the flow passage penetrates through the central pipe, so that the bridge plug can meet the use requirement of a hollow structure, most parts are made of drillable materials, the split sleeve is arranged, so that the bridge plug can be taken out of a shaft, and meanwhile, the bridge plug also has drillable performance.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic of the construction of a bridge plug of the present invention.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a central tube; 11. an overflow channel; 20. a seating device; 21. a seat envelope; 22. unpacking; 23. unsealing the shear pins; 24. connecting sleeves; 25. sealing the shear pin; 26. a locking block; 27. a lock sleeve; 30. an anchoring device; 31. a superior vertebral body; 32. the inferior vertebral body; 33. slips; 34. locking the shear pin; 35. a slip sleeve; 36. a hoop spring; 37. a limiting sleeve; 40. a sealing device; 41. a rubber end cylinder; 42. a middle rubber cylinder; 43. a spacer ring; 50. and (4) a connecting device.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

It is noted that, unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

In the present invention, unless specified to the contrary, use of the terms of orientation such as "upper, lower, top, bottom" or the like, generally refer to the orientation as shown in the drawings, or to the component itself in a vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational orientation; likewise, for ease of understanding and description, "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the components themselves, but the above directional words are not intended to limit the invention.

The invention provides a bridge plug, aiming at solving the problem that the bridge plug in the prior art cannot meet the use requirement.

A bridge plug as shown in figure 1 comprising a base pipe 10, slips 33 and a release sleeve 22, the base pipe 10 having a flow passage 11 disposed therethrough; slips 33 are provided on the outside of the base pipe 10 to lock the bridge plug in the wellbore, and the other components of the bridge plug, except the slips 33, are made of drillable material; the uncapping sleeve 22 is fitted between the base pipes 10 and has a convex structure protruding toward the center of the base pipes 10 to fish the bridge plug out of the wellbore through the uncapping sleeve 22.

This embodiment is provided with through-flow channel 11 through running through on center tube 10 for the bridging plug can satisfy hollow structure's user demand, through set most part to drillable material, owing to be provided with and separate envelope 22, therefore make the bridging plug can follow the pit shaft and take out, the bridging plug still has drillable performance simultaneously, when the bridging plug is inconvenient to be taken out, can adopt the mode of boring the mill to smash the bridging plug, thereby make the bridging plug drillable to take, can satisfy various requirements in the oil field development process.

In this embodiment, the slips 33 include a plurality of teeth and a connecting portion, the connecting portion being disposed outside the base pipe 10; the tooth sets up on the terminal surface of connecting portion orientation pit shaft, and can with the inner wall butt of pit shaft to lock the bridging plug in the pit shaft, connecting portion are made by drillable material, and the tooth is made by brittle material.

Because the bridge plug is in fit contact with the shaft through the slips 33, tooth parts of the slips 33 are set to be brittle materials, when the bridge plug is drilled and ground, factors such as vibration generated in the drilling and grinding process can break the brittle materials, so that the slips 33 have drillable performance while the reliability of fit of the bridge plug and the shaft is ensured, and the whole bridge plug can be broken in the drilling and grinding process.

Preferably, the drillable material is an aluminum alloy material and the brittle material is a ceramic material.

In the present embodiment, the bridge plug comprises a seat 20, an anchoring device 30, a sealing device 40 and a connecting device 50 connected in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the seat 20 is disposed on top of the base pipe 10, and the seat 20 has an auxiliary channel communicating with the flow passage 11; the anchoring device 30 is arranged outside the base pipe 10 and the anchoring device 30 is capable of radial movement under the push of the seat means 20 or the sealing means 40 to secure the bridge plug in the wellbore; a connection device 50 is attached to the bottom of the center tube 10 to connect the required components at the bottom of the bridge plug, the connection device 50 having a through hole communicating with the flow passage 11. The setting device 20 is used to control the movement and setting of the base pipe 10, and thus the setting and unsetting of the base pipe, and the anchoring device 30 includes slips 33 for fixing the bridge plug at a specific height in the wellbore, and the connecting device 50 is used to connect the bridge plug with other components so that the other components are installed together with the bridge plug at a specific position in the wellbore.

The seat sealing device 20 comprises a seat sealing sleeve 21, a deblocking sleeve 22, a connecting sleeve 24 and a locking sleeve 27, wherein a part of the seat sealing sleeve 21 is sleeved outside the central tube 10; the unsealing sleeve 22 is sleeved between the central tube 10 and the base seal sleeve 21, the top end part of the unsealing sleeve 22 extends out of the top of the central tube 10, the bottom end of the unsealing sleeve 22 is inserted between the base seal sleeve 21 and the central tube 10, and a unsealing shear pin 23 is arranged between the unsealing sleeve 22 and the central tube 10; a part of the connecting sleeve 24 is arranged in the unsealing sleeve 22 and is abutted against the upper surface of the convex structure, the lower surface of the convex structure is abutted against the top end of the central tube 10, a seat seal shear pin 25 is arranged between the part of the connecting sleeve 24 extending out of the unsealing sleeve 22 and the seat seal sleeve 21, when the seat seal shear pin 25 is sheared, the central tube 10, the unsealing sleeve 22 and the connecting sleeve 24 can move upwards together, and a locking block 26 is arranged between the inner wall of the bottom of the connecting sleeve 24 and the central tube 10; the lock sleeve 27 is sleeved on the outer side of the central tube 10 and is abutted against the bottom of the connecting sleeve 24 and the lock block 26, and a part of the lock sleeve 27 is positioned between the central tube 10 and the base seal 21. When the bridge plug is installed in a shaft, the central pipe 10, the unsealing sleeve 22 and the connecting sleeve 24 are fixed by the setting shear pin 25 and the unsealing shear pin 23, so that the central pipe 10, the unsealing sleeve 22 and the connecting sleeve 24 are integrated, after the bridge plug is placed in the shaft, relative motion can be generated between the central pipe 10 and the setting sleeve 21 by cutting the setting shear pin 25, and when recovery is needed, relative motion can be generated between the central pipe 10 and the unsealing sleeve 22 by cutting the unsealing shear pin 23.

The anchoring device 30 comprises an upper vertebral body 31, a lower vertebral body 32, slips 33 and a snap sleeve, the top of the upper vertebral body 31 abuts the seat envelope 21 and the lock sleeve 27 is located between the upper vertebral body 31 and the central tube 10; the bottom of the lower cone 32 is abutted against the sealing device 40, and a locking shear pin 34 is arranged between the lower cone 32 and the central tube 10 so as to keep the position relationship between the lower cone 32 and the central tube 10; the slip sleeve 35 is sleeved on the outer side of the central tube 10, the slip 33 is embedded in a slip groove on the outer side of the slip sleeve 35, limiting sleeves 37 are respectively screwed in inner holes at two ends of the slip sleeve 35, the two limiting sleeves 37 are respectively sleeved on the upper cone 31 and the lower cone 32, a groove is formed in the middle of the slip 33, a hoop spring 36 is installed in the groove, the slip 33 is hooped on the outer side of the central tube 10 by the hoop spring 36, and the slip 33 is arranged between the upper cone 31 and the lower cone 32 to generate radial movement under the pushing of the upper cone 31 and the lower cone 32.

Optionally, the end surface of the slips 33 close to the central pipe 10 has a slip inclined surface, and the end of each of the upper cone 31 and the lower cone 32 abutting against the slips 33 has a cone inclined surface, and the cone inclined surfaces cooperate with the slip inclined surfaces to push the slips 33 to move away from the central pipe 10. When the upper cone 31 moves downwards and the lower cone 32 moves upwards, the upper cone 31 and the lower cone 32 press the slip inclined planes through the cone inclined planes, so that the slips 33 move along the radial direction of the central pipe 10, and therefore teeth on the outer ring of the slips 33 are contacted with the inner wall of the well bore and are tightly matched, and therefore the bridge plug is fixed at a specific position in the well bore.

The sealing device 40 comprises a plurality of end rubber cylinders 41, at least one middle rubber cylinder 42 and a plurality of spacer rings 43, wherein the end rubber cylinders 41 are connected with the lower vertebral body 32 and the connecting device 50; end rubber cylinders 41 are arranged at two ends of the middle rubber cylinder 42, and the elasticity of the middle rubber cylinder 42 is larger than that of the end rubber cylinders 41; a spacer ring 43 is disposed between the end packing cylinder 41 and the middle packing cylinder 42 to separate the end packing cylinder 41 from the middle packing cylinder 42. The sealing device 40 can assist in fixing the position of the bridge plug when the slips 33 do not contact the inner wall of the shaft, and can seal the gap between the bridge plug and the shaft, so that gas and liquid in the well can be prevented from entering the upper part of the bridge plug through the gap.

The connecting means 50 comprises a connector, a part of which is sleeved outside the central tube 10 and moves synchronously with the central tube 10, the connector has a through hole, when the central tube 10 moves upwards, the locking shear pin 34 is cut off, and the connector presses the sealing means 40, so that the sealing means 40 seals the gap between the shaft and the bridge plug. The top of the connector is sleeved at the bottom end of the central tube 10 and is in threaded connection with the central tube 10, and the outer ring of the bottom of the connector is provided with threads for connecting other components.

The use of the bridge plug of this embodiment is as follows:

after the components of the bridge plug are installed and connected, the bridge plug is lowered to a specific position of a shaft, then a force in the opposite direction is applied to the seat sleeve 21 and the central tube 10, so that the seat seal shear pin 25 is sheared off, at the moment, the central tube 10, the unsealing sleeve 22 and the connecting sleeve 24 move upwards together, the central tube 10 drives the connecting head to move upwards, the connecting head presses an end rubber sleeve 41 and a middle rubber sleeve 42 of the sealing device 40, the end rubber sleeve 41 and the middle rubber sleeve 42 radially expand, so that the bridge plug is pre-fixed, as the pressing force of the connecting head gradually increases, the sealing device 40 presses the lower cone 32 to shear the locking shear pin 34, the lower cone 32 moves upwards, the seat sleeve 21 abuts and presses the upper cone 31, the upper cone 31 and the lower cone 32 move towards the directions close to each other, the slips 33 radially move and contact with the inner wall of the shaft, so that the bridge plug is fixed in the shaft, as the base pipe 10 continues to slide up, the connector continues to compress the sealing device 40 and the anchoring device 30 so that the anchoring device 30 is in close fit with the inner wall of the wellbore, and at the same time the sealing device 40 seals the gap between the bridge plug and the wellbore, completing the setting process.

When the unsealing is needed, acting force is applied between the unsealing sleeve 22 and the central pipe 10 through the unsealing tool, so that the unsealing shear pin 23 is cut off, the central pipe 10 moves downwards relative to the unsealing sleeve 22, the unfreezing and the unsealing are realized, the bridge plug can be salvaged from a shaft, and when the salvage is inconvenient, the bridge plug can be wholly smashed in a drilling and grinding mode.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

1. the problem that the bridge plug in the prior art cannot meet the use requirement is solved;

2. the bridge plug is integrally retrievable and drillable, and is provided with a flow passage, so that various requirements in the oil field development process are met;

3. the pollution of external liquid in the paraffin removal and well workover of the horizontal well to the reservoir is avoided;

4. the horizontal well has the advantages that the horizontal well prevents underground tools from falling into the horizontal section and well blowout accidents in the well repairing process;

5. the whole structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.

It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are only a few, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and it should be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge plug, comprising:

a central tube (10), the central tube (10) having a flow passage (11) disposed therethrough;

slips (33), the slips (33) being disposed outside the base pipe (10) to lock the bridge plug in a wellbore, and other components of the bridge plug except the slips (33) being made of drillable material;

the uncapping sleeve (22) is sleeved between the central pipes (10) and is provided with a convex structure extending towards the center of the central pipes (10) so that the bridge plug can be fished out of the shaft through the uncapping sleeve (22).

2. The bridge plug of claim 1, wherein the slips (33) comprise:

a connection portion arranged outside the central tube (10);

a plurality of teeth disposed on an end face of the connection portion facing the wellbore and capable of abutting against an inner wall of the wellbore to lock the bridge plug within the wellbore, the connection portion being made of the drillable material, the teeth being made of a brittle material.

3. A bridge plug as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, in which the drillable material is an aluminium alloy material.

4. The bridge plug of claim 2, wherein the brittle material is a ceramic material.

5. Bridge plug according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a setting device (20), an anchoring device (30), a sealing device (40) and a connecting device (50) connected in series from top to bottom,

the seat seal device (20) is arranged on the top of the central pipe (10), and the seat seal device (20) is provided with an auxiliary channel communicated with the overflowing channel (11);

the anchoring device (30) is arranged outside the base pipe (10), and the anchoring device (30) can generate radial movement under the pushing of the setting device (20) or the sealing device (40) so as to fix the bridge plug in the well bore;

the connecting device (50) is connected with the bottom of the central tube (10) to connect required components at the bottom of the bridge plug, and the connecting device (50) is provided with a through hole communicated with the overflowing channel (11).

6. Bridge plug according to claim 5, characterized in that the seating means (20) comprise:

a seat cover (21), a portion of the seat cover (21) being fitted over the outside of the center tube (10);

the unpacking sleeve (22) is sleeved between the central pipe (10) and the seat sleeve (21), a part of the unpacking sleeve (22) extends out of the top of the central pipe (10), and a unpacking shear pin (23) is arranged between the unpacking sleeve (22) and the central pipe (10);

a connecting sleeve (24), a part of the connecting sleeve (24) is arranged in the unpacking sleeve (22) and is abutted against the upper surface of the protruding structure, the lower surface of the protruding structure is abutted against the top end of the central pipe (10), a seat seal shear pin (25) is arranged between the part of the connecting sleeve (24) extending out of the unpacking sleeve (22) and the seat seal sleeve (21), when the seat seal shear pin (25) is sheared, the central pipe (10), the unpacking sleeve (22) and the connecting sleeve (24) can move upwards together, and a locking block (26) is arranged between the inner wall of the bottom of the connecting sleeve (24) and the central pipe (10);

the lock sleeve (27), the cover of lock sleeve (27) is established the outside of center tube (10), and with the bottom of adapter sleeve (24) with locking piece (26) butt, partly be located of lock sleeve (27) center tube (10) with between seat envelope (21).

7. A bridge plug as claimed in claim 6, in which the anchoring means (30) comprise:

a superior vertebral body (31), a top of the superior vertebral body (31) abutting the seat envelope (21);

the bottom of the lower cone body (32) is abutted against the sealing device (40), and a locking shear pin (34) is arranged between the lower cone body (32) and the central pipe (10);

the slips (33), the slips (33) are arranged between the upper cone body (31) and the lower cone body (32) to generate radial movement under the pushing of the upper cone body (31) and the lower cone body (32).

8. The bridge plug of claim 7, wherein the end surfaces of the slips (33) adjacent to the central tube (10) have slip ramps, and the ends of the upper cone (31) and the lower cone (32) abutting the slips (33) each have cone ramps that cooperate to urge the slips (33) in a direction away from the central tube (10).

9. A bridge plug as claimed in claim 7, in which the sealing means (40) comprises:

a plurality of end cartridges (41), the end cartridges (41) being connected to the inferior vertebral body (32) and the connection device (50);

the end rubber cylinders (41) are arranged at two ends of the middle rubber cylinder (42), and the elasticity of the middle rubber cylinder (42) is larger than that of the end rubber cylinder (41);

the end rubber barrel (41) and the middle rubber barrel (42) are separated by the spacer rings (43) arranged between the end rubber barrel (41) and the middle rubber barrel (42).

10. Bridge plug as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the connecting means (50) comprise a connecting head, a part of which is arranged outside the central tube (10) and moves synchronously with the central tube (10), which connecting head has the through-hole, when the central tube (10) moves upwards, the locking shear pin (34) shears off, which connecting head presses the sealing means (40) so that the sealing means (40) seals the gap between the shaft and the bridge plug.