CN111021254B - Bridge structure capable of improving construction efficiency and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a bridge structure for improving construction efficiency, relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, and aims to solve the technical problem that construction efficiency is influenced because a constructor needs to repeatedly adjust a beam slab for multiple times in order to ensure that the central axis of a thermal expansion gap is generally superposed with the central axis of a cover beam; along the ascending axis both sides in bent cap width direction respectively set up a location section of thick bamboo in the dog, the landing gear internal slip is connected with the locating piece, the bridge plate lateral wall is provided with and supplies the locating piece to insert the locating hole of establishing, the one end that the locating piece was inserted and is established in a location section of thick bamboo is provided with the butt spring, the one end that the butt spring was kept away from to the locating piece is provided with the inclined plane of stepping down that steps down for the bridge plate, the locating piece lateral wall is provided with and is used for preventing the anti-disengaging piece. The effect of shortening the adjustment times and time to improve the construction efficiency is achieved.

Description

Bridge structure capable of improving construction efficiency and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, in particular to a bridge structure for improving construction efficiency.

Background

The bridge is generally a structure which is erected on rivers, lakes and seas and allows vehicles, pedestrians and the like to smoothly pass through. In order to adapt to the modern high-speed developed traffic industry, bridges are also extended to be constructed to span mountain stream, unfavorable geology or meet other traffic needs, so that the buildings are convenient to pass.

The prior Chinese patent with the publication number of CN107558350B discloses a bridge structure and a construction process thereof, wherein the bridge structure comprises bridge plates and piers which are arranged below the bridge plates and used for supporting the bridge plates, and thermal expansion gaps are arranged between the adjacent bridge plates and right above the piers. The key points of the technical scheme are that when a base layer is laid, as the plugging plate is positioned in the thermal expansion gap, in the building process, the crushed stone is effectively reduced from entering the thermal expansion gap; when taking out the shutoff board, the fixed plate reduces the rubble in the basic unit and gets into in the thermal expansion clearance with the end wall of fixed basic unit to realize the effect in particles such as effective rubble get into the thermal expansion clearance.

In the construction process of the existing bridge, the central axis of the thermal expansion gap is generally superposed with the central axis of the cover beam so as to ensure that the fixed distances of the beam plates at two sides of the thermal expansion gap are the same under the condition of maintaining the thermal expansion gap, so as to ensure the stress area of the beam plates; however, in order to ensure that the central axis of the thermal expansion gap generally coincides with the central axis of the capping beam, the constructor needs to repeatedly adjust the beam slab for many times, which affects the construction efficiency and needs to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the disadvantages of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a bridge structure with improved construction efficiency, which has the advantage of shortening the adjustment times and time to improve the construction efficiency.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a bridge structure for improving construction efficiency comprises a bridge plate and a plurality of piers positioned at the bottom end of the bridge plate, wherein a bent cap is arranged between each pier and the bridge plate, and two ends of each bent cap are provided with stop blocks; the utility model discloses a bridge plate, including a stopper, bent cap, locating piece lateral wall, locating piece, butt spring, locating piece lateral wall and locating piece lateral wall, the locating piece is inserted along the ascending axis both sides in bent cap width direction and is set up respectively to have set a location section of thick bamboo, the slip is connected with the locating piece in the locating piece, bridge plate lateral wall is provided with and supplies the locating piece to insert the locating hole of establishing, the one end that the locating piece was inserted and is established in the locating piece is provided with the butt spring, the one end that the.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the bridge plate descends, the positioning block is retracted into the positioning cylinder by the arrangement of the abdicating inclined plane; when the bridge plate moves to the positioning hole along the span direction of the bridge and is positioned at the positioning block, the positioning block is popped up and inserted in the positioning hole under the action of the abutting spring; can restrict the removal of bridge plate this moment to restricted the bridge plate and removed along bridge span direction, operating personnel knows the bridge plate and removed predetermined position this moment, has saved the time waste that operating personnel adjusted the bridge plate position repeatedly and lead to, has improved the efficiency of bridge construction.

Furthermore, a trigger block is arranged on the end wall of the positioning hole in the length direction, a trigger groove for the trigger block to be inserted is arranged at one end, far away from the abutting spring, of the positioning block, a pressure detection device for outputting a pressure signal is arranged on the bottom wall of the trigger groove, a trigger circuit responding to the pressure signal and sending a control signal is coupled to the pressure detection device, and a reminding device responding to the control signal and sending a prompt is coupled to the trigger circuit.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, pressure measurement device's setting is convenient for offset with the trigger block when the locating piece pops out to produce pressure signal and give trigger circuit with pressure signal transmission, trigger circuit sends control signal and makes the warning for reminding device gives operating personnel, thereby makes operating personnel learn that the locating piece has inserted in the locating hole. Because the locating piece needs the lateral wall of butt bridge slab when the bridge slab removes, so set up the trigger slot and set up pressure measurement in the trigger slot with pressure measurement in the tip of locating piece and cooperate the trigger block thereby make the locating piece just trigger pressure measurement when inserting in the locating hole, improved the accuracy that detects.

Further, the reminding device is a voice broadcasting device.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, voice broadcast device's setting is reported predetermined audio frequency, reminds operating personnel the locating piece to have inserted in the locating hole for operating personnel in time learns and timely real-time follow-up step, thereby further improved the efficiency of construction.

Furthermore, a wire is arranged between the pressure detection device and the trigger circuit, a threading hole communicated with the inside of the positioning hole is formed in the surface of one side, far away from the bridge plate, of the stop block, and the voice broadcasting device and the trigger circuit are fixed on the surface of one side, far away from the bridge plate, of the stop block.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of wire and through wires hole is convenient for set up trigger circuit and voice broadcast device outside the locating hole to make voice broadcast's sound can the outdiffusion, the operating personnel of being convenient for hear.

Further, the bridge slab comprises a plurality of precast pre-tensioned hollow slabs poured in one piece.

By adopting the technical scheme, the hollow slab has the advantages of light dead weight, mature manufacturing process, low manufacturing cost, convenience in installation and prefabrication time. And the setting of prefabricated pretension hollow slab can be accomplished from the direct installation of prefabricated component factory direct transportation to the construction site to further shorten the time of construction, improved the efficiency of construction.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a construction method of a bridge structure for improving the construction efficiency, which comprises the following steps:

s100, drilling a pouring hole on the ground, pouring a pouring pile to form a pier, customizing a hollow plate with a positioning hole, and pouring a platform cap and a platform back;

s200, fixing a bent cap mould on the basis of the cast-in-place pile, installing a positioning cylinder on the bent cap mould, and then pouring a bent cap to enable the positioning cylinder to be formed at a preset position of the stop block;

s300, mounting the prefabricated hollow slab, descending the hoisting hollow slab firstly, and then sliding along the length direction of the bridge to enable the positioning block to be inserted into the positioning hole;

s400, treating the hinge joint of the bridge deck, pouring hinge joint concrete, and paving a pavement layer to flatten the bridge deck;

and S500, installing guardrails on two sides of the bridge plate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, will fix a position a section of thick bamboo prefabrication in the dog and make a location section of thick bamboo integrated into one piece in the dog. And the positioning block is inserted into the positioning hole in the construction process, so that the hollow slab can be quickly positioned in the construction process, and the construction efficiency is improved by the operation steps.

Further, step S100 further includes the following sub-steps:

s110, manufacturing a pile casing, embedding the pile casing to a preset position, and then installing a drilling platform; meanwhile, a prefabricated pre-tensioned hollow slab with a positioning hole and a trigger block is customized to a prefabricated part manufacturer;

s120, making slurry, circulating the slurry, drilling, measuring and cleaning holes after the drilling is finished, welding a reinforcement cage while drilling, and lowering the reinforcement cage into a pouring hole after the cleaning is finished;

s130, pouring concrete to form a pouring pile and maintaining;

and S140, excavating a foundation pit, fixing a mold at the bottom of the abutment at two ends of the bridge, and pouring a platform cap and a platform back.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, pour the bored concrete pile through drilling and pouring in the bottom of bridge to can support the hollow slab, the bored concrete pile solidifies under the parcel of pile casing through concrete under water and forms, has guaranteed the solidification of concrete, makes the bottom sprag of bridge more stable. The cast-in-place pile provides a foundation for supporting the bent cap, and pouring of the bent cap and fixing of the positioning barrel are facilitated.

Further, step S200 further includes the following sub-steps:

s210, welding the bent cap template and fixing a face template around the bent cap template;

s220, mounting a bent cap template and fixing the bent cap template by using bolts and opposite-pulling screws;

and S230, inserting the positioning cylinder into a preset position of the stop block to enable the positioning cylinder to be integrally formed in the stop block.

By adopting the technical scheme, the bent cap template is fixed at the top of the cast-in-place pile and is fixed by the bolts and the opposite-pulling screws so as to be convenient for pouring the bent cap, and the practical angle steel and the section steel of the framework of the bent cap template are welded so as to improve the strength; the face mould is made of the high-strength film-coated bamboo plywood, so that the face mould is convenient to disassemble, the disassembling time is saved, and the construction efficiency is improved. The preset position of the stop block is placed in the pouring process of the positioning cylinder, so that the positioning cylinder and the stop block are integrally formed, and the fixing efficiency of the positioning cylinder is improved.

Further, S300 further includes the following sub-steps:

s310, bundling lifting ropes, lifting the prefabricated pre-tensioned hollow slab, and installing the hollow slab from the side span to the mid-span and then to the side span when the hollow slab is installed, namely installing the hollow slab between the stage cap and the cover beam closest to the stage cap firstly;

s320, wiring the pressure detection device in the positioning hole;

s330, hoist hollow slab to pier top and transfer, the in-process hollow slab bottom butt of transferring lets the inclined plane make the locating piece shrink, then suitably adjust hollow slab position along bridge span direction, fix a position when the locating piece inserts in the locating hole and accomplish promptly, spring butt locating piece pops out and makes the trigger block insert in the trigger slot with pressure measurement device butt this moment, pressure measurement device sends the warning through trigger circuit control reminding device, then use this to continue laying hollow slab as the standard again, lay trigger circuit and reminding device after finishing and demolish and fill the locating hole at hollow slab.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, at the in-process of hollow slab installation, hoist hollow slab to locating piece top earlier and send down and make the locating piece by the butt withdrawal, then along the direction of height removal hollow slab make the locating piece card go into in the locating hole to realized the quick location of hollow slab on guaranteeing area of contact's basis, so that the laying of hollow slab in the middle of the later stage aligns, thereby practiced thrift the time that hollow slab position adjusted repeatedly, improved the efficiency of construction of bridge.

Further, S400 further includes the following sub-steps:

s410, cleaning hinge joints between two adjacent hollow plates, and filling bottom joints with cement mortar;

s420, after the bottom seam is solidified, binding additional steel bars on the bridge floor and pouring the bridge floor;

and S430, paving the sidewalk plates on two sides of the bridge deck.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, fill the concrete between the hinge seam and be convenient for mend the hinge seam neat, alleviate the later stage when pouring the bridge face concrete from the seepage between the hinge seam, still improved the waterproof performance of bridge floor simultaneously. The additional steel bars are tied up and the bridge deck is poured, so that the bridge deck forms a whole, and the strength of the bridge deck is improved. The paved pedestrian way plate plays a role of marking pedestrians, so that the pedestrians can walk conveniently.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the technology that the positioning barrel embedded on the bent cap stop block and the positioning block sliding in the positioning barrel are inserted in the positioning hole of the hollow plate is adopted, so that the hollow plate is conveniently and quickly positioned, and the construction efficiency is improved;

2. the technology that the trigger block arranged on the end wall of the positioning hole is inserted into the pressure detection device in the trigger groove and the voice broadcasting device is used for broadcasting is adopted, so that the effect of reminding an operator that the positioning block is inserted into the positioning hole is achieved;

3. the technology that the bridge plate adopts the prefabricated pre-tensioned hollow slab is adopted, so that the effects of shortening the pouring time and improving the construction efficiency are achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a bridge structure for improving construction efficiency according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view for showing a structure at the positioning cylinder in the embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart for showing a construction method in the embodiment.

In the figure: 1. a bridge plate; 11. a bridge pier; 12. a capping beam; 121. a stopper; 1211. threading holes; 13. positioning holes; 131. a trigger block; 2. a positioning cylinder; 20. folding edges; 21. positioning blocks; 211. an abutment spring; 212. a abdication inclined plane; 213. a drop-off prevention member; 214. a trigger slot; 2140. a guide surface; 2141. a pressure detection device; 3. a trigger circuit; 4. a reminding device.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example (b):

the utility model provides an improve efficiency of construction's bridge structures, refers to figure 1, and it includes bridge slab 1 and a plurality of piers 11 that are located bridge slab 1 bottom, and bridge slab 1 is a plurality of prefabricated pre-tensioned hollow slabs and forms through the secondary casting, and the pre-tensioned hollow slab sets up through pouring integrated into one piece, and its inside reservation has the cavity in order to shorten the engineering time, improves the efficiency of construction. The bent cap 12 is arranged at the joint of two adjacent bridge plates 1 of the bridge pier 11, and the bent cap 12 and the bridge pier 11 are integrally formed by pouring. Two ends of the bent cap 12 are provided with stoppers 121, and the stoppers 121 are attached to two side edges of the bridge plate 1.

Referring to fig. 2, the stopper 121 is embedded with a positioning cylinder 2 along both sides of a central axis in the width direction of the bent cap 12, i.e., the bridge span direction, and the positioning cylinder 2 is a steel cylinder with an opening at one end close to the bridge plate 1. The positioning cylinder 2 is connected with a positioning block 21 in a sliding manner in a clearance fit manner, and the positioning block 21 is a cylindrical solid block. The side wall of the bridge plate 1 is provided with a positioning hole 13 for inserting the positioning block 21, and the positioning hole 13 is matched with the positioning block 21. One end of the positioning block 21 inserted into the positioning cylinder 2 is provided with an abutting spring 211, one end of the abutting spring 211 abuts against the positioning block 21, and the other end abuts against the end wall of the positioning cylinder 2. The positioning block 21 is automatically ejected out and inserted into the positioning hole 13, so that the distance of an expansion joint is reserved between two adjacent bridge plates 1, the expansion joint is used for thermal expansion and contraction of the bridge plates 1, and the contact areas of the two bridge plates 1 fixed on the cover beam 12 are the same.

Referring to fig. 2, one end of the positioning block 21, which is far away from the abutting spring 211, is provided with an abdicating inclined plane 212 abdicating for the bridge plate 1, and the abdicating inclined plane 212 is arranged around the positioning block 21 and inclines from the side wall of the positioning block 21 to the direction of the circle center, so that the positioning block 21 can automatically retract into the positioning cylinder 2 when the bridge plate 1 abuts the abdicating inclined plane 212. The outer side wall of the positioning block 21 is fixedly provided with an anti-falling part 213 for preventing the positioning block 21 from falling off from the positioning cylinder 2 in a threaded connection manner, one end of the positioning cylinder 2, which is close to the bridge plate 1, is bent towards the center of a circle to form a folded edge 20, and the anti-falling part 213 can abut against the folded edge 20, so that the positioning block 21 is prevented from falling off from the positioning cylinder 2.

Referring to fig. 2, a trigger block 131 is integrally formed on an end wall of the positioning hole 13 along the length direction thereof, and the trigger block 131 is located at the center of the positioning hole 13. One end of the positioning block 21, which is far away from the abutting spring 211, is provided with a trigger groove 214 for the trigger block 131 to be inserted, the trigger groove 214 is in clearance fit with the trigger block 131, and the depth of the trigger groove 214 is the same as the thickness of the trigger block 131. One end of the trigger groove 214 far from the bottom wall is provided with a guide surface, and the guide surface is cut obliquely from the direction of the central axis of the trigger groove 214 away from the inner side wall of the trigger groove 214, so that the trigger block 131 can be inserted into the trigger groove 214 conveniently.

Referring to fig. 2, the bottom wall of the trigger tank 214 is provided with a pressure detecting device 2141 for outputting a pressure signal, and the pressure detecting device 2141 is a piezoresistive pressure sensor. The pressure detection device 2141 is coupled to a trigger circuit 3 which responds to a pressure signal and sends a control signal through a lead, and the trigger circuit 3 includes an STM32 type single chip microcomputer and a rechargeable lithium battery manufactured by jew semiconductors. The lithium cell supplies power for pressure detection device 2141 and singlechip, and pressure detection device 2141 transmits the pressure value that detects for the singlechip, and the singlechip sends control signal and sends the warning after the pressure value surpasss the threshold value.

Referring to fig. 2, a reminding device 4 responding to the control signal to send a prompt is coupled to the trigger circuit 3, the reminding device 4 is a voice broadcasting device, the voice broadcasting device is a voice prompter, and a pre-recorded audio is stored in an internal storage device of the voice broadcasting device. The voice broadcasting device and the trigger circuit 3 are both fixed on the surface of one side of the stop block 121 far away from the bridge plate 1.

Referring to fig. 2, a threading hole 1211 communicated with the inside of the positioning hole 13 is formed in the surface of one side of the stopper 121 away from the bridge plate 1, the threading hole 1211 is formed by a threading pipe integrally formed on the end wall of the positioning cylinder 2, and the threading pipe is arranged on the end wall of one end of the positioning cylinder 2 away from the hem 20, so that a wire can pass through the threading pipe, and the reminding device 4 is fixed outside the stopper 121 to remind an operator.

A construction method of a bridge structure for improving construction efficiency, referring to fig. 3, comprising the steps of:

s100, drilling a pouring hole with the aperture of phi 120cm on the ground through a GPS-15 type positive circulation rotary drilling machine, pouring a pouring pile to form a pier 11, customizing a bridge plate 1 with a positioning hole 13, wherein the bridge plate 1 is a pretensioned prestressed reinforced concrete hollow plate beam with the standard span of 20m, and then pouring a table cap and a table back at the bridge joint on two sides of a river.

The method specifically comprises the following steps:

firstly, rolling a protective cylinder by using a steel plate with the thickness of 5mm, burying the protective cylinder to a preset position of a pouring hole manually, wherein the diameter of the protective cylinder is 30cm larger than the aperture of the pouring hole, and backfilling the periphery with clay to be compact. And then, mounting the drilling platform to the hole position, accurately centering and leveling, and arranging a guide frame to ensure the verticality of the hole body. Meanwhile, a prefabricated pre-tensioned hollow slab with positioning holes 13 and a trigger block 131 is customized to a prefabricated manufacturer, and the positioning holes 13 are arranged at two ends of the hollow slab.

And secondly, making slurry and arranging a slurry pool, a sedimentation pool, a circulating tank and a slurry stirring station, wherein the volume of the slurry pool is four times that of the filling hole. And then drilling, hanging a depth measuring hammer under a measuring rope after the drilling is finished to measure the distance from the reference surface to the bottom of the hole, cleaning the hole by adopting a slurry changing method, welding the reinforcement cage in sections while drilling, and slowly lowering the reinforcement cage into the filling hole through an automobile crane after the cleaning is finished.

And then, pouring the underwater C35 commercial concrete into the pouring holes through the storage hopper by adopting a reverse pouring method to form a pouring pile and performing concrete curing to form the pier 11. And finally, excavating foundation pits at the joints of the bridges on the two banks of the river, fixing molds at the bottoms of the bridge abutments at the two ends of the bridge, wherein the molds comprise steel reinforcement cages, large steel molds and 10cmC15 cushion layers as bottom molds, and pouring concrete in the steel molds to form a table cap and a table back.

S200, fixing a bent cap mould on the basis of the cast-in-place pile, welding a bent cap mould plate, wherein the mould plate comprises a framework and a surface mould plate, and the framework is welded on a reinforcement cage of the pier 11 by adopting angle steel and section steel; then a surface template is fixed around the surface template, the surface template is a high-strength film-coated bamboo plywood with the thickness of 18mm, and the seam of the surface template is filled with water stop glue. The bent cap templates are fixed by bolts and counter-pulling screws, adjacent templates are connected by phi 12mm bolts, and the templates on the two sides in the width direction are fixed by phi 16 counter-pulling bolts. And finally, installing a positioning cylinder 2 on the capping beam mold, inserting the positioning cylinder 2 in a preset position of the stop block 121 to enable the positioning cylinder 2 to be integrally formed in the stop block 121, enabling the positioning cylinder 2 to be symmetrical relative to a central axis in the width direction of the capping beam so as to reserve the distance of an expansion joint to ensure that the contact area of the bridge plate is equal and uniform, and then pouring the capping beam 12 to enable the capping beam 12 and the bridge pier 11 to be integrally formed.

S300, bundling the hoisting ropes, hoisting the prefabricated pre-tensioned hollow slabs, and installing the prefabricated hollow slabs from the side span to the mid-span and then to the side span when the hollow slabs are installed, namely installing the hollow slabs between the cover beams 12 closest to the table cap firstly. Then, the pressure detection device 2141 in the positioning hole 13 is wired, and the reserved electric wire of the pressure detection device 2141 is connected with the trigger circuit, so that the pressure detection device 2141 is powered on to start detection.

The hollow plate that will be closest to locating piece 21 hoists to pier 11 top and transfers, the hollow plate bottom butt of in-process of transferring lets a slope 212 make locating piece 21 shrink, then suitably adjust hollow plate position along bridge span direction, the location is accomplished when locating piece 21 inserts in the locating hole 13 promptly, spring butt locating piece 21 pops out this moment and makes trigger block 131 insert in triggering groove 214 with pressure detection device 2141 butt, pressure detection device 2141 sends the warning through trigger circuit 3 control reminding device 4. And then continuously laying the hollow slab by taking the position as a standard, and after the laying is finished, removing the trigger circuit 3 and the reminding device 4 and filling the positioning hole 13, thereby realizing the quick positioning of the hollow slab, shortening the time of adjusting the distance for many times and improving the construction efficiency. And steel plates need to be laid on the side spans, and mechanical bearing supports are arranged on the steel plates to ensure that the plate beams are stressed uniformly.

And S400, processing the hinge joint of the bridge deck. Roughening the top surface and the hinge joint surface of the prefabricated hollow plate into rough surfaces with the concave-convex diameter of 7mm, cleaning the hinge joint, and filling the bottom joint with cement mortar. And after the strength of the mortar reaches 50%, binding additional steel bars on the tie bars of the hollow slab, then sprinkling water on the hinge joints to keep the hinge joints moist, then pouring concrete in the hinge joints, compacting by vibration, and enhancing the protection. And then, washing the bridge floor with water, binding a reinforcing mesh on the additional reinforcing steel bars, mechanically mixing and vibrating concrete, combining manual slurry lifting and plastering, and paving the concrete on the bridge floor to form a pavement layer so that the bridge floor is flat and forms a complete bridge plate 1. Then paving sidewalk boards on two sides of the bridge floor, wherein the sidewalk boards are formed by manually paving 4cm granite pavement bricks and 3cm M10 cement mortar on the gravel cushion layer.

S500, installing guardrails on two sides of the bridge plate 1, wherein the guardrails are anti-collision guardrails, and the guardrails are fixed with the bridge plate 1 through pouring.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A bridge structure for improving construction efficiency comprises a bridge plate (1) and a plurality of piers (11) positioned at the bottom end of the bridge plate (1), wherein a bent cap (12) is arranged between each pier (11) and the bridge plate (1), and two ends of each bent cap (12) are provided with stop blocks (121); the method is characterized in that: along the ascending axis both sides in bent cap (12) width direction in dog (121) embedded respectively and have been put a location section of thick bamboo (2), a location section of thick bamboo (2) internal slipping is connected with locating piece (21), bridge board (1) lateral wall is provided with and supplies locating piece (21) to insert locating hole (13) of establishing, the one end of establishing in a location section of thick bamboo (2) is inserted in locating piece (21) is provided with butt spring (211), the one end that butt spring (211) was kept away from in locating piece (21) is provided with the inclined plane of stepping down (212) of stepping down for bridge board (1), locating piece (21) lateral wall is provided with and is used for preventing that locating piece (21) from deviating from in a location section of thick bamboo (2) anticreep spare.

2. The bridge structure for improving construction efficiency according to claim 1, wherein: the end wall of the positioning hole (13) in the length direction is provided with a trigger block (131), one end, far away from the abutting spring (211), of the positioning block (21) is provided with a trigger groove (214) for the trigger block (131) to be inserted, the bottom wall of the trigger groove (214) is provided with a pressure detection device (2141) for outputting a pressure signal, the pressure detection device (2141) is coupled with a trigger circuit (3) responding to the pressure signal and sending a control signal, and the trigger circuit (3) is coupled with a reminding device (4) responding to the control signal and sending a prompt.

3. The bridge structure for improving construction efficiency according to claim 2, wherein: the reminding device (4) is a voice broadcasting device.

4. The bridge structure for improving construction efficiency according to claim 3, wherein: a wire is arranged between the pressure detection device (2141) and the trigger circuit (3), a threading hole (1211) communicated with the inside of the positioning hole (13) is formed in the surface of one side, far away from the bridge plate (1), of the stop block (121), and the voice broadcasting device and the trigger circuit (3) are fixed to the surface of one side, far away from the bridge plate (1), of the stop block (121).

5. The bridge structure for improving construction efficiency according to claim 4, wherein: the bridge slab (1) comprises a plurality of prefabricated pre-tensioned hollow slabs which are cast into a whole.

6. The construction method of a bridge structure according to claim 5 for improving construction efficiency, wherein: comprises the following steps:

s100, drilling a pouring hole on the ground, pouring a pouring pile to form a pier (11), customizing a hollow plate with a positioning hole (13), and pouring a platform cap and a platform back;

s200, fixing a bent cap mould on the basis of the cast-in-place pile, installing a positioning cylinder (2) on the bent cap mould, and then pouring a bent cap (12) to enable the positioning cylinder (2) to be molded at a preset position of a stop block (121);

s300, mounting the prefabricated hollow slab, descending the hoisting hollow slab firstly and then sliding along the length direction of the bridge to enable the positioning block (21) to be inserted into the positioning hole (13);

s400, treating the hinge joint of the bridge deck, pouring hinge joint concrete, and paving a pavement layer to flatten the bridge deck;

s500, installing guardrails on two sides of the bridge plate (1).

7. The construction method of a bridge structure according to claim 6, wherein the construction efficiency is improved by: step S100 further comprises the following substeps:

s110, manufacturing a pile casing, embedding the pile casing to a preset position of a pier (11), and then installing a drilling platform; meanwhile, customizing a prefabricated pre-tensioned hollow slab with a positioning hole (13) and a trigger block (131) to a prefabricated part manufacturer;

s120, making slurry, circulating the slurry, drilling, measuring and cleaning holes after the drilling is finished, welding a reinforcement cage while drilling, and lowering the reinforcement cage into a pouring hole after the cleaning is finished;

s130, pouring concrete to form a pouring pile and maintaining;

and S140, excavating a foundation pit, fixing a mold at the bottom of the abutment at two ends of the bridge, and pouring a platform cap and a platform back.

8. The construction method of a bridge structure according to claim 6, wherein the construction efficiency is improved by: step S200 further includes the following substeps:

s210, welding the bent cap template and fixing a face template around the bent cap template;

s220, mounting a bent cap template and fixing the bent cap template by using bolts and opposite-pulling screws;

s230, the positioning cylinder (2) is inserted into a preset position of the stop block (121) to be integrally formed in the stop block (121).

9. The construction method of a bridge structure according to claim 6, wherein the construction efficiency is improved by: s300 further includes the following substeps:

s310, bundling lifting ropes, lifting the prefabricated pre-tensioned hollow slab, and mounting the hollow slab between the stage cap and the cover beam (12) closest to the stage cap according to the sequence from the side span to the mid-span and then to the side span when the hollow slab is mounted;

s320, connecting the pressure detection device (2141) in the positioning hole (13);

s330, the hollow slab is hoisted to the upper side of a pier (11) and is placed downwards, the bottom of the hollow slab abuts against the abdicating inclined plane (212) to enable the positioning block (21) to contract in the lowering process, then the position of the hollow slab is properly adjusted along the span direction of the bridge, the positioning is completed when the positioning block (21) is inserted into the positioning hole (13), the spring abutting against the positioning block (21) is popped out to enable the trigger block (131) to be inserted into the trigger groove (214) to abut against the pressure detection device (2141), the pressure detection device (2141) controls the reminding device (4) to give a reminder through the trigger circuit (3), then the hollow slab is continuously laid by taking the position as a standard, and the trigger circuit (3) and the reminding device (4) are dismantled and the positioning hole (13) are filled after the bridge slab (1) is laid.

10. The construction method of a bridge structure according to claim 6, wherein the construction efficiency is improved by: s400 further comprises the following sub-steps:

s410, cleaning hinge joints between two adjacent hollow plates, and filling bottom joints with cement mortar;

s420, after the bottom seam is solidified, binding additional steel bars on the bridge floor and pouring the bridge floor;

and S430, paving the sidewalk plates on two sides of the bridge deck.

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