CN111020734B - Preparation method of long-acting antibacterial polyester fiber - Google Patents
Preparation method of long-acting antibacterial polyester fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN111020734B CN111020734B CN201911133247.XA CN201911133247A CN111020734B CN 111020734 B CN111020734 B CN 111020734B CN 201911133247 A CN201911133247 A CN 201911133247A CN 111020734 B CN111020734 B CN 111020734B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
- D01F1/103—Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
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Abstract
The invention discloses an antibacterial agent and a preparation method of antibacterial polyester fiber, which firstly adopts carboxyl benzene sulfonamide to modify the chemical structure of PHMG, and solves the problems that PHMG is easy to generate cross-linking reaction at high temperature and does not have functional groups capable of chemically bonding with polyester fiber. The modified PHMG contains amide, sulfonamide and other functional groups, and can well react with terminal alcoholic hydroxyl and ester groups in the polyester fiber, so that the modified PHMG can be used as an antibacterial additive to be added into spinning solution, and the prepared polyester fiber has long-term stable and excellent antibacterial performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antibacterial auxiliary agents, and particularly relates to an antibacterial agent and a preparation method of antibacterial polyester fibers.
Background
Along with the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, people pay more and more attention to the functionality of textiles, and the antibacterial textiles are partially used in the fields of clothing and home textiles, and particularly have great application potential in the aspects of textiles for old people, pregnant and lying-in women, infant clothing and national defense and military clothing. Polyester fiber is an important variety of synthetic fiber, and the production amount thereof currently occupies about 80% of the total amount of synthetic fiber in the world, and is widely used in the fields of clothing, industry, medical care and health, and the like. There is an increasing demand for textiles with durable functions having a broad spectrum of antimicrobial properties. The antibacterial function of the polyester fiber becomes an important research hotspot in the current functional fiber, and particularly, the development of the fiber with durable antibacterial property becomes a key problem to be solved urgently in the field.
Currently, there are inorganic, organic and natural antimicrobial finishes for polyester fibers. The inorganic antibacterial agent has wide antibacterial range, good heat resistance and persistence, but the addition amount is large, so that the color of the fabric is easily changed; the organic antibacterial agent has good antibacterial effect and low price, but has poor heat resistance and durability; natural antibacterial agents have good biocompatibility, safety and broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, but are poor in antibacterial properties and durability. Polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) is a novel antibacterial finishing agent which has been developed recently, has good antibacterial activity and high safety, but can not resist high temperature, and has no functional group which can chemically react with polyester fiber molecules. Therefore, the PHMG is taken as a research basis, and the structure of the PHMG is modified, so that the PHMG and the polyester fiber can be prepared into broad-spectrum long-acting antibacterial polyester fiber, and the PHMG has very important significance.
The chemical structure of the PHMG is modified by adopting a polysubstituted phenyl group with amino, hydroxyl or carboxyl, so that the problems that the PHMG is easy to generate a crosslinking reaction at high temperature and does not have a functional group capable of chemically bonding with polyester fibers are solved. The structural formula is as follows:
wherein: r1=COOH,OH,NH2;R2=COOH,OH,NH2;
R3=COOH,OH,NH2;R4=COOH,OH,NH2;
R5=COOH,OH,NH2;n=5-50。
The disinfectant and the polyester fiber are bonded together by chemical bonds, so that the durability of the antibacterial property of the polyester fiber is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to an antibacterial agent and a method for preparing the same, which solve the problems set forth in the background art described above.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an antibacterial agent, namely modified PHMG, preferably, PHMG is polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride, solvent is water, and polysubstituted phenyl modified in chemical structure is p-carboxybenzene sulfonamide.
Preferably, the ratio of the polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride to the p-carboxybenzene sulfonamide is 3: 2.
preferably, the reaction temperature is 60 ℃ and the reaction time is 4 h.
Preferably, the preparation method of the antibacterial agent comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, weighing 30g of PHMG in a three-necked bottle, adding 300mL of water, and stirring for 1h to completely dissolve the PHMG.
And 2, introducing nitrogen into the three-mouth bottle for protection, starting heating and stirring, and adding a condensation reflux device.
And 3, adding 20g of p-carboxybenzene sulfonamide when the liquid in the bottle reaches 60 ℃. The system is maintained at 60 ℃ and 800-1000 rpm, and stirred for 4 h.
And 4, after the reaction is finished, naturally cooling the reaction solution to room temperature, and putting the reaction solution into a freeze dryer for 48 hours to obtain the purified modified PHMG serving as the antibacterial agent.
PHMG and p-carboxybenzene sulfonamide reaction equation
In order to realize antibacterial application, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the antibacterial fiber is preferably made of polyester fiber and is melt spun.
Preferably, the preparation method of the antibacterial fiber comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, adding the modified PHMG and the spinning raw material of the polyester fiber into a screw extruder together.
And 2, changing the raw materials from a solid state to a molten state, spraying the raw materials from a spinneret orifice, solidifying the raw materials into yarns in a cold air channel, and curling and oiling the yarns to obtain the coiled polyester yarns with the antibacterial property.
Innovation point
The product adopts p-carboxyl benzene sulfonamide to modify the chemical structure of the PHMG, and solves the problems that the PHMG is easy to generate cross-linking reaction at high temperature and does not have a functional group capable of chemically bonding with polyester fibers. The functionalized PHMG is obtained by the reaction of the carboxyl of the p-carboxybenzene sulfonamide and the terminal amino of the PHMG, the water solubility of the PHMG is greatly improved, and the PHMG and the sulfonamide groups obtain more excellent and long-term stable antibacterial performance through synergistic action. The modified PHMG contains amide and other functional groups, can well react with terminal alcoholic hydroxyl and ester groups in the polyester fiber, so that the modified PHMG can be more firmly combined with the polyester fiber, can be used as an antibacterial additive of spinning solution, and can be used for spinning polyester yarns which are more stable for a long time and have excellent antibacterial performance.
Polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) is a cationic bactericide due to guanidino NH2The C (═ NH) cation is strongly alkaline due to the conjugation effect, is easy to hydrolyze, and has strong reactivity because three N can provide electrons. The PHMG generates ionization in aqueous solution, and the hydrophilic group part of the PHMG has strong electropositivity and can adsorb various bacteria and viruses which are usually electronegative and inhibit the bacteria from entering cell membranes. The acid salt poly hexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHGC) is a straight-chain linear guanidine salt, and can have chemical reaction with a plurality of groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl and the like due to strong reactivity of terminal amine groups, so that the PHGC has better water solubility and more stable structure, and can be used for reacting with polyester fibersBetter bonding together, thereby endowing the fiber and the fiber product with good antibacterial performance.
The sulfonamide compound has wide biological activity in medicines and pesticides, such as sterilization, weeding, disinsection, antibiosis and the like. In a benzene sulfonamide molecule, because benzenesulfonyl strongly absorbs electrons, the polarity of an N-H bond is greatly enhanced, and in addition, sulfonyl is acidic, so that sulfonamide serves as a pharmacophore with wide biological activity, and has potential huge development value and application prospect.
carboxyl-COOH or guanidino NH with basic functional group in p-carboxybenzenesulfonamide2NH of C (═ NH)2Acid-base neutralization, i.e. dehydro-OH+,NH2-De H+. The reaction mechanism is that the oxygen induction of carbonyl in carboxyl attracts electrons, so that-OH oxygen electronegativity in the carboxyl is weakened, and the binding capacity to H is reduced. In addition, N in the amino group has lone pair electrons to provide electron pair, and Lewis base can combine with H+Thus, the modified PHMG can be easily prepared, and the functional groups such as amide, sulfonamide and the like on the long chain of the PHMG can be firmly combined together through chemical reaction with alcoholic hydroxyl, ester and the like in the polyester fiber, thereby endowing the polyester fiber with antibacterial performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of comparative example 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of comparative example 2;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of comparative example 3;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of comparative example 4;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of comparative example 5;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of comparative example 6;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of comparative example 7;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of comparative example 8;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of comparative example 9;
Detailed Description
Example 1
30g of PHMG is weighed into a three-necked flask, 300mL of water is added, and the mixture is stirred for 1 hour to be completely dissolved. Introducing nitrogen into the three-mouth bottle for protection, starting heating and stirring, and adding a condensation reflux device. Heating and stirring are started, and when the liquid in the bottle reaches 60 ℃, 20g of p-carboxybenzene sulfonamide is added. The maintaining system is amide-stirred for 4 hours at 60 ℃ and 800-1000 rpm. After the reaction is finished, the reaction solution is naturally cooled to room temperature and is put into a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and then the purified modified PHMG which can be used as an antibacterial agent is obtained.
The modified PHMG is added into the spinning solution of the polyester fiber as an antibacterial agent to spin the antibacterial polyester fiber by melt spinning.
Comparative example 1
30g of PHMG is weighed into a three-necked flask, 300mL of water is added, and the mixture is stirred for 1 hour to be completely dissolved. Introducing nitrogen into the three-mouth bottle for protection, starting heating and stirring, and adding a condensation reflux device. Heating and stirring are started, and when the liquid in the bottle reaches 60 ℃, 20g of p-carboxybenzene sulfonamide is added. The maintaining system is amide-stirred for 4 hours at 50 ℃ and 800-1000 rpm. After the reaction is finished, the reaction solution is naturally cooled to room temperature and is put into a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and then the purified modified PHMG which can be used as an antibacterial agent is obtained.
The modified PHMG is added into the spinning solution of the polyester fiber as an antibacterial agent to spin the antibacterial polyester fiber by melt spinning.
Comparative example 2
30g of PHMG is weighed into a three-necked flask, 300mL of water is added, and the mixture is stirred for 1 hour to be completely dissolved. Introducing nitrogen into the three-mouth bottle for protection, starting heating and stirring, and adding a condensation reflux device. Heating and stirring are started, and when the liquid in the bottle reaches 60 ℃, 20g of p-carboxybenzene sulfonamide is added. The maintaining system is amide-stirred for 4 hours at 70 ℃ and 800-1000 rpm. After the reaction is finished, the reaction solution is naturally cooled to room temperature and is put into a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and then the purified modified PHMG which can be used as an antibacterial agent is obtained.
The modified PHMG is added into the spinning solution of the polyester fiber as an antibacterial agent to spin the antibacterial polyester fiber by melt spinning.
Comparative example 3
30g of PHMG is weighed into a three-necked flask, 300mL of water is added, and the mixture is stirred for 1 hour to be completely dissolved. Introducing nitrogen into the three-mouth bottle for protection, starting heating and stirring, and adding a condensation reflux device. Heating and stirring are started, and when the liquid in the bottle reaches 60 ℃, 20g of p-carboxybenzene sulfonamide is added. The maintaining system is amide-stirred for 2 hours at 60 ℃ and 800-1000 rpm. After the reaction is finished, the reaction solution is naturally cooled to room temperature and is put into a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and then the purified modified PHMG which can be used as an antibacterial agent is obtained.
The modified PHMG is added into the spinning solution of the polyester fiber as an antibacterial agent to spin the antibacterial polyester fiber by melt spinning.
Comparative example 4
30g of PHMG is weighed into a three-necked flask, 300mL of water is added, and the mixture is stirred for 1 hour to be completely dissolved. Introducing nitrogen into the three-mouth bottle for protection, starting heating and stirring, and adding a condensation reflux device. Heating and stirring are started, and when the liquid in the bottle reaches 60 ℃, 20g of p-carboxybenzene sulfonamide is added. The maintaining system is amide-stirred for 6 hours at 60 ℃ and 800-1000 rpm. After the reaction is finished, the reaction solution is naturally cooled to room temperature and is put into a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and then the purified modified PHMG which can be used as an antibacterial agent is obtained.
The modified PHMG is added into the spinning solution of the polyester fiber as an antibacterial agent to spin the antibacterial polyester fiber by melt spinning.
Comparative example 5
30g of PHMG is weighed into a three-necked flask, 300mL of water is added, and the mixture is stirred for 1 hour to be completely dissolved. Introducing nitrogen into the three-mouth bottle for protection, starting heating and stirring, and adding a condensation reflux device. Heating and stirring are started, and 10g of p-carboxybenzene sulfonamide is added when the liquid in the bottle reaches 60 ℃. The maintaining system is amide-stirred for 4 hours at 60 ℃ and 800-1000 rpm. After the reaction is finished, the reaction solution is naturally cooled to room temperature and is put into a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and then the purified modified PHMG which can be used as an antibacterial agent is obtained.
The modified PHMG is added into the spinning solution of the polyester fiber as an antibacterial agent to spin the antibacterial polyester fiber by melt spinning.
Comparative example 6
30g of PHMG is weighed into a three-necked flask, 300mL of water is added, and the mixture is stirred for 1 hour to be completely dissolved. Introducing nitrogen into the three-mouth bottle for protection, starting heating and stirring, and adding a condensation reflux device. Heating and stirring are started, and when the liquid in the bottle reaches 60 ℃, 30g of p-carboxybenzene sulfonamide is added. The maintaining system is amide-stirred for 4 hours at 60 ℃ and 800-1000 rpm. After the reaction is finished, the reaction solution is naturally cooled to room temperature and is put into a freeze dryer for 48 hours, and then the purified modified PHMG which can be used as an antibacterial agent is obtained.
The modified PHMG is added into the spinning solution of the polyester fiber as an antibacterial agent to spin the antibacterial polyester fiber by melt spinning.
Comparative example 7
The nano silver ion antibacterial agent used in the market is added into the spinning solution of the polyester fiber to be spun into the nano silver antibacterial polyester fiber through melt spinning.
Comparative example 8
The chitosan antibacterial polyester fiber is prepared by adding the natural chitosan antibacterial agent used in the market into the spinning solution of the polyester fiber and spinning through melt spinning.
Comparative example 9
Polyester fibers spun without any added antimicrobial agent.
Test results
The terylene fabrics spun in the above examples and the comparative examples were compared with the ordinary terylene fabric, the terylene fabric spun by adding the chitosan antibacterial agent, the terylene fabric spun by adding the nano-silver antibacterial agent, etc., and washed with water for 50 times according to the Chinese textile industry standard FZ/T023732006, and the bacteria growth under the terylene fabric was observed by a microscope to calculate the antibacterial ratio. The antibacterial effect of examples 1 to 9 is shown in the drawings attached to the specification.
The bacterial growth rate is the area of bacterial growth/total area of cloth multiplied by 100%
Antibacterial rate 1-bacterial growth rate
The result shows that the product has better antibacterial effect, and the raw materials of the antibacterial agents such as nano silver, chitosan and the like are expensive. Example 1 achieved the best antimicrobial effect. This is the most preferred protocol for the preparation of this experiment.
In the above examples 1 to 6, the most preferable preparation scheme of the present invention is determined by changing some factors such as temperature, reaction time, dosage of p-carboxybenzene sulfonamide, etc. in the preparation process, and the excellent antibacterial performance of the product is more intuitively reflected by the comparison of the comparative examples 7 to 9.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of long-acting antibacterial polyester fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding 30g of polyhexamethylene guanidine PHMG into a three-necked bottle, adding 300mL of water, stirring for 1h to completely dissolve the PHMG, introducing nitrogen into the three-necked bottle for protection, starting heating and stirring, adding a condensation reflux device, adding 20g of p-carboxybenzene sulfonamide when the temperature of liquid in the bottle reaches 60 ℃, maintaining the system at 60 ℃ and stirring for 4h at 800-1000 rpm, naturally cooling the reaction liquid to room temperature after the reaction is finished, and putting the reaction liquid into a freeze dryer for 48h to obtain modified PHMG;
(2) the modified PHMG is added into the spinning solution of the polyester fiber as an antibacterial agent to spin the antibacterial polyester fiber by melt spinning.
2. The method for preparing long-acting antibacterial polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein: the step (2) specifically comprises:
the modified PHMG and the spinning raw material of the polyester fiber are added into a screw extruder together, the raw material is changed into a molten state from a solid state, the molten state is sprayed out from a spinneret orifice, the molten state is solidified into filaments in a cold air channel, and the filaments are curled and oiled to prepare the coiled polyester fiber with the antibacterial property.
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