CN111020445A - Wear-resistant alloy powder, wear-resistant coating and preparation method of wear-resistant coating - Google Patents
Wear-resistant alloy powder, wear-resistant coating and preparation method of wear-resistant coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN111020445A CN111020445A CN201911351185.XA CN201911351185A CN111020445A CN 111020445 A CN111020445 A CN 111020445A CN 201911351185 A CN201911351185 A CN 201911351185A CN 111020445 A CN111020445 A CN 111020445A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/08—Iron group metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses wear-resistant alloy powder which comprises a first component and a second component, wherein the first component comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 0.8-2.0% of carbon, 3.0-7.0% of chromium, 0.1-0.6% of titanium, 6-10% of tungsten, 0.1-0.6% of vanadium, and the balance of iron and inevitable trace impurities; the second component is silicon carbide whisker; the first component accounts for 90-98% of the total mass of the wear-resistant alloy powder, and the balance is the second component. The invention can reduce the stress of the cladding layer, reduce the cracking phenomenon, effectively reduce the crack sensitivity of the coating, prepare the compact and crack-free wear-resistant coating, improve the preparation efficiency of the coating, reduce the heat affected zone and prepare the wear-resistant shield hob ring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal materials, in particular to wear-resistant alloy powder, a wear-resistant coating and a preparation method of the wear-resistant coating.
Background
The shield machine is widely applied to the fields of railways, drinking water, mining, subway construction and the like, the cutter of the shield machine is a tooth for realizing tunneling, and the service life of the cutter influences the shield construction progress. The existing shield hob ring is mainly made of three brands of 40CrNiMo, H13 and DC53, and after heat treatment, the hardness of the shield hob ring reaches 55-62HRC, but the requirements of long service life and high reliability of tunneling under various complex geological conditions cannot be met.
Therefore, those skilled in the art have made an effort to develop a wear-resistant alloy powder, a wear-resistant coating, and a method for preparing the wear-resistant coating, by which the wear-resistant coating can be prepared on the surface of the hob ring, the wear resistance of the hob ring can be improved, and the hob ring can be used for other wear-resistant materials or tools.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wear-resistant alloy powder, a wear-resistant coating and a preparation method of the wear-resistant coating, wherein the wear-resistant coating is prepared on the surface of the hob ring by the wear-resistant alloy powder, so that the wear resistance of the hob ring can be improved, and the hob ring can also be used for other wear-resistant materials or tools.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides wear-resistant alloy powder which comprises a first component and a second component, wherein the first component comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 0.8-2.0% of carbon, 3.0-7.0% of chromium, 0.1-0.6% of titanium, 6-10% of tungsten, 0.1-0.6% of vanadium, and the balance of iron and inevitable trace impurities;
the second component is silicon carbide whisker;
the first component accounts for 90-98% of the total mass of the wear-resistant alloy powder, and the balance is the second component.
Preferably, the first component comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 1.1-1.8% of carbon, 3.0-5.0% of chromium, 0.2-0.5% of titanium, 6-8% of tungsten, 0.3-0.6% of vanadium, and the balance of iron and inevitable trace impurities.
Preferably, the first component comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 1.5-1.8% of carbon, 3.0-5.0% of chromium, 0.2-0.5% of titanium, 6.0-7% of tungsten, 0.3-0.5% of vanadium, and the balance of iron and inevitable trace impurities.
Preferably, the length-diameter ratio of the silicon carbide whiskers is 20-50.
Preferably, the first component is iron-based spherical powder with the particle size of 50-150 microns; the second component is a silicon carbide whisker with the diameter of 100-600 nanometers and the length of 10-50 micrometers.
A wear-resistant coating is prepared from the wear-resistant alloy powder.
A method of preparing a wear resistant coating as described above, comprising the steps of:
s1: uniformly mixing the first component and the second component to obtain mixed powder;
s2: spraying the mixed powder on the surface of the material to be sprayed by adopting a plasma spraying method;
s3: and (4) laser remelting.
Preferably, in the step S2, when plasma spraying is adopted, the spraying current is 400 to 600A, the spraying voltage is 40 to 50V, and the spraying distance is 90 to 110 mm.
Preferably, in the step S3, the laser power during laser remelting is 300-1000W, the spot diameter is 2-5 mm, and the moving speed is 3-6 mm/S.
Preferably, the material to be sprayed is a steel member with surface oxide skin and impurities removed;
in the step S3, the temperature is preheated to 200-300 ℃ before the laser remelting.
The SiC whisker in the invention is used as a heterogeneous nucleation substrate in the cladding layer, and can refine the grains of the cladding layer, thereby reducing the stress of the cladding layer and reducing the cracking tendency. On the basis of the Fe-based powder of the first component, a proper amount of SiC whiskers of the second component are added, and the plasma spraying and laser remelting technologies are combined, so that the crack sensitivity of the coating can be effectively reduced, and the compact and crack-free wear-resistant coating can be prepared. The preparation efficiency of the coating is improved, the adverse effect of a heat affected zone is reduced, and the preparation of the wear-resistant shield hob ring is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an optical micrograph of an iron-based alloy powder of a first component of example 4.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope topography of a second component silicon carbide whisker of example 4.
Fig. 3 is the shield cutter ring of example 4.
FIG. 4 is an optical micrograph of the interface of the cladding layer and the substrate of example 4.
FIG. 5 is a SEM image of the cladding layer of example 4.
FIG. 6 is an energy spectrum of the cladding layer of example 4.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents used are those conventionally purchased from the market or the starting materials unless otherwise specified, and the protocols used in the examples or embodiments are those conventionally used in the art unless otherwise specified.
The invention has 6 embodiments totally, the first component is iron-based spherical wear-resistant alloy powder, except iron and inevitable trace impurities in each embodiment, the mass percent of the other elements is shown in table 1.
Table 1 examples 1 to 6 raw material composition table
In examples 1 to 6, the ratio of the first component to the total mass of the wear-resistant alloy powder is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 table of the ratio of the first component to the total mass of the wear-resistant alloy powders in examples 1 to 6
The particle size of the first component in examples 1 and 2 is 10 to 50 microns, the particle size of the first component in examples 3 and 4 is 50 to 100 microns, and the particle size of the first component in examples 5 and 6 is 100 to 150 microns.
The diameter of the silicon carbide whisker of the second component in the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 is 500-1200 nanometers, and the length is 10-50 micrometers; the diameter of the silicon carbide whisker of the second component in the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4 is 100-600 nanometers, and the length is 10-50 micrometers; the silicon carbide whiskers of the second component in examples 5 and 6 have a diameter of 100 to 600 nm and a length of 10 to 50 μm. The aspect ratio of the silicon carbide whiskers of all the embodiments is 20-50.
In the present application, taking example 4 as an illustration, an optical micrograph of the iron-based alloy powder of the first component in example 4 is shown in fig. 1, and a scanning electron micrograph of the SiC whisker of the second component in example 4 is shown in fig. 2.
Examples 1 and 3 were sprayed onto a 40CrNiMo substrate, examples 2 and 4 onto a H13 substrate, and examples 5 and 6 onto a DC53 substrate, each of the materials to be sprayed in the examples of this application. In examples 1 to 6, all the materials to be sprayed were surface-scale-and impurity-removed before laser spraying.
Examples 1 to 6 were all prepared in the following manner:
s1: the first component and the second component are mixed uniformly to obtain mixed powder, and the three-dimensional material mixer is used for mixing uniformly in all the embodiments of the application.
S2: and spraying the mixed powder on the surface of the material to be sprayed by adopting a plasma spraying method.
S3: and (4) laser remelting.
With respect to the step S2, it is,
in example 1, the spray current used was 400A, the spray voltage was 40V, and the spray distance was 90 mm.
In example 2, the spray current used was 600A, the spray voltage was 60V, and the spray distance was 130 mm.
In example 3, the spray current used was 500A, the spray voltage was 50V, and the spray distance was 100 mm.
In example 4, the spray current used was 500A, the spray voltage was 50V, and the spray distance was 100 mm.
In example 5, the spray current used was 450A, the spray voltage was 45V, and the spray distance was 100 mm.
In example 6, the spray current used was 550A, the spray voltage was 40V, and the spray distance was 100 mm.
After the spraying of step S2 was completed, the steel pieces of examples 1 to 6 were preheated, and the temperatures thereof were detected in real time, and after reaching the following preheating temperatures, respectively, laser remelting of step S3 was performed.
The preheating temperature of example 1 was 200 deg.c, the preheating temperature of example 2 was 300 deg.c, the preheating temperature of example 3 was 250 deg.c, the preheating temperature of example 4 was 285 deg.c, the preheating temperature of example 5 was 220 deg.c, and the preheating temperature of example 6 was 240 deg.c.
With respect to the step S3, it is,
in example 1, the laser power at the time of laser remelting was 300W, the spot diameter was 2mm, and the moving speed was 3 mm/s.
In example 2, the laser power at the time of laser remelting was 1200W, the spot diameter was 6mm, and the moving speed was 8 mm/s.
In example 3, the laser power at the time of laser remelting was 500W, the spot diameter was 4mm, and the moving speed was 4 mm/s.
In example 4, the laser power at the time of laser remelting was 800W, the spot diameter was 3mm, and the moving speed was 5 mm/s.
In example 5, the laser power at the time of laser remelting was 1000W, the spot diameter was 3mm, and the moving speed was 6 mm/s.
In example 6, the laser power at the time of laser remelting was 600W, the spot diameter was 4mm, and the moving speed was 3 mm/s.
After laser remelting is completed, the wear-resistant coating is sprayed. Example 4 the completed cutter ring is shown in figure 3. In example 4, an optical micrograph of the interface between the cladding layer and the substrate is shown in fig. 4, and the cladding layer and the substrate show good metallurgical bonding and very good interface bonding strength. The scanning electron microscope topographic map of the cladding layer in example 4 is shown in fig. 5, the energy spectrum of the cladding layer in example 4 is shown in fig. 6, and the cladding layer structure contains Fe element and other related elements.
Three additional comparative examples were set, with comparative example 1 being a 40CrNiMo matrix, comparative example 2 being an H13 matrix, and comparative example 3 being a DC53 matrix.
Hardness measurements were performed by a vickers hardness tester on the samples prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 3, and 5 different points were randomly selected, hardness values of the points were measured and an average value was calculated. The wear resistance was tested by JB/T7705-1995 Loose abrasive wear test method and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 hardness and wear resistance test results of examples and comparative examples
According to the detection results, the wear-resistant alloy powder and the wear-resistant coating prepared by the alloy powder according to the method of the invention have the advantages that the hardness is greatly improved, and the wear resistance is obviously improved.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The wear-resistant alloy powder is characterized by comprising a first component and a second component, wherein the first component comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 0.8-2.0% of carbon, 3.0-7.0% of chromium, 0.1-0.6% of titanium, 6-10% of tungsten, 0.1-0.6% of vanadium, and the balance of iron and inevitable trace impurities;
the second component is silicon carbide whisker;
the first component accounts for 90-98% of the total mass of the wear-resistant alloy powder, and the balance is the second component.
2. The wear-resistant alloy powder according to claim 1, wherein: the first component comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 1.1-1.8% of carbon, 3.0-5.0% of chromium, 0.2-0.5% of titanium, 6-8% of tungsten, 0.3-0.6% of vanadium, and the balance of iron and inevitable trace impurities.
3. The wear-resistant alloy powder according to claim 1, wherein: the first component comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 1.5-1.8% of carbon, 3.0-5.0% of chromium, 0.2-0.5% of titanium, 6.0-7% of tungsten, 0.3-0.5% of vanadium, and the balance of iron and inevitable trace impurities.
4. The wear-resistant alloy powder according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the silicon carbide whisker has a length-diameter ratio of 20-50.
5. The wear-resistant alloy powder according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the first component is iron-based spherical powder with the particle size of 50-150 micrometers; the second component is a silicon carbide whisker with the diameter of 100-600 nanometers and the length of 10-50 micrometers.
6. A wear-resistant coating prepared from the wear-resistant alloy powder as recited in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A method for preparing a wear-resistant coating as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing the first component and the second component to obtain mixed powder;
s2: spraying the mixed powder on the surface of the material to be sprayed by adopting a plasma spraying method;
s3: and (4) laser remelting.
8. The method of preparing a wear-resistant coating according to claim 7, characterized by: in the step S2, when plasma spraying is adopted, the spraying current is 400-600A, the spraying voltage is 40-50V, and the spraying distance is 90-110 mm.
9. The method of preparing a wear-resistant coating according to claim 7, characterized by: in the step S3, the laser power during laser remelting is 300-1000W, the spot diameter is 2-5 mm, and the moving speed is 3-6 mm/S.
10. The method of preparing a wear-resistant coating according to claim 7, characterized by: the material to be sprayed is a steel part for removing surface oxide skin and impurities;
in the step S3, the temperature is preheated to 200-300 ℃ before the laser remelting.
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| CN102691028A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2012-09-26 | 合肥工业大学 | Composite material coated with precoated SiC-Fe based alloy layer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN205329146U (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-06-22 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Novel siC whisker reinforcing gas turbine blade composite biocoating |
| CN105755418A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-07-13 | 西安交通大学 | Ceramic fiber/crystal whisker reinforced composite thermal barrier coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN109652798A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-19 | 安徽大地熊新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Sintered NdFeB magnet surface composite coating |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102691028A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2012-09-26 | 合肥工业大学 | Composite material coated with precoated SiC-Fe based alloy layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104561807A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-29 | 青岛麦特瑞欧新材料技术有限公司 | Silicon-carbide-whisker-reinforced iron-base composite material and preparation method thereof |
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