CN111019071A - Block-type dispersant based on RAFT polymerization and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Block-type dispersant based on RAFT polymerization and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F293/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
- C08F293/005—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule using free radical "living" or "controlled" polymerisation, e.g. using a complexing agent
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2438/00—Living radical polymerisation
- C08F2438/03—Use of a di- or tri-thiocarbonylthio compound, e.g. di- or tri-thioester, di- or tri-thiocarbamate, or a xanthate as chain transfer agent, e.g . Reversible Addition Fragmentation chain Transfer [RAFT] or Macromolecular Design via Interchange of Xanthates [MADIX]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a block type dispersant based on RAFT polymerization and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) adding acrylic acid, an initiator, a reducing agent, a chain transfer reagent and water into a reaction vessel, and carrying out heating reaction under an anaerobic condition to obtain polyacrylic acid macromolecules; 2) adding the polyacrylic acid macromolecules, a second monomer, an initiator, a reducing agent and water into a reaction container, and carrying out heating reaction under an anaerobic condition to obtain a block polymer solution; 3) and adjusting the pH value of the reacted block polymer solution to 5-9 to obtain the block type dispersing agent. The preparation method of the invention adopts the RAFT polymerization method to artificially design and control the first section and the second section of the dispersant; firstly, a first-stage polymer with different polymerization degrees is prepared through autonomous design, and then, different second monomers can be selected for polymerization in a second-stage reaction to design different polymerization degrees, so that various block-type polymers are obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dispersant preparation, in particular to a block dispersant based on RAFT polymerization and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The dispersant is an important assistant in grinding pigment such as calcium carbonate or filler and dispersing paint, and can improve grinding efficiency, particle size, viscosity, stability of slurry and paint, smoothness, whiteness, ink absorbency, surface strength, coating gloss, printing gloss, etc. The sodium salt of the polyvinyl acid polymer is widely applied in the field, wherein the low molecular weight sodium polyacrylate water solution becomes a main product in the field with excellent dispersibility. However, as for the current production process and method, the performance controllability and the effect stability of common products on the market are poor; and different products and requirements do not have certain pertinence, and some special requirements of customers are difficult to meet.
The research on living controlled radical polymerization has also been carried out for a long time, wherein RAFT polymerization shows more advantages because of the small variety of raw materials used, the easy preparation of chain transfer agents, and the ability to design molecular structures, which is a polymerization method that is very likely to be applied industrially, and it would be very beneficial to apply it to the structural design and preparation of dispersants.
Therefore, how to use the RAFT polymerization method to artificially design and control one section, two sections or even multiple sections of the dispersing agent to prepare the dispersing agent with good performance controllability and good effect stability is a problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a block type dispersing agent based on RAFT polymerization and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the problems that the prior dispersing agent has poor performance controllability and poor effect stability, has no certain pertinence to different products and requirements, and is difficult to meet some special requirements of customers.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a block-type dispersant based on RAFT polymerization, comprising the steps of:
(1) adding acrylic acid, an initiator, a reducing agent, a chain transfer reagent and water into a reaction vessel, and carrying out heating reaction under an anaerobic condition to obtain polyacrylic acid macromolecules;
(2) adding the polyacrylic acid macromolecules, a second monomer, an initiator, a reducing agent and water into a reaction container, and carrying out heating reaction under an anaerobic condition to obtain a block polymer solution;
(3) and adjusting the pH value of the reacted block polymer solution to 5-9 to obtain the block type dispersing agent.
Further, in the step (1), the acrylic acid, the initiator, the reducing agent and the chain transfer agent are in parts by weight: 30-65 parts of acrylic acid, 0.2-2 parts of initiator, 0.6-6 parts of reducing agent, 0.1-1 part of chain transfer reagent and 80-100 parts of water.
Further, in the step (2), the polyacrylic acid macromolecules, the second monomer, the initiator, the reducing agent and the water are in parts by weight: 0.2-2 parts of polyacrylic acid macromolecules, 10-20 parts of second monomers, 0.2-2 parts of initiators, 0.6-6 parts of reducing agents and 35-45 parts of water.
Further, the second monomer is one or more of methacrylic acid, maleic acid, sodium p-styrene sulfonate, p-styrene formic acid, p-styrene acetic acid, styrene, methyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate and hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
Further, the initiator is one or more of sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, azo initiators and percarbonate.
Further, the reducing agent is one or more of sodium bisulfite, sodium sulfite, sodium metabisulfite, potassium sulfite, sodium thiosulfate, N-dimethylaniline, tartaric acid, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, ferrous sulfate, N-dodecyl mercaptan, tert-dodecyl mercaptan, ferrous chloride, tetraethylene imine, diethylenetriamine, tetraethylenepentamine, ferrous pyrophosphate, sodium phosphite, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium hypophosphite, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, methylamine, ethylamine, glucose, fructose, vitamin C and amino acid.
Further, the chain transfer agent is one of n-dodecyl mercaptan, isopropanol, 3-benzylthio thiocarbonylthiopropionic acid, 3-dodecylthio thiocarbonylthiopropionic acid, and benzyltrithiocarbonate-based propionic acid.
Further, in the step (1) and the step (2), the anaerobic condition is obtained by introducing nitrogen into the reaction vessel for 20 min; the reaction temperature is 60-90 ℃ and the reaction time is 4-8 h.
Further, in the step (3), the alkaline substance is 32% sodium hydroxide solution.
In a second aspect the invention provides a block dispersant based on RAFT polymerisation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the preparation method of the block-type dispersant based on RAFT polymerization adopts the RAFT polymerization method to artificially design and control one section and two sections of the dispersant; firstly, a first-stage polymer with different polymerization degrees is prepared through autonomous design, and then, different second monomers can be selected for polymerization in a second-stage reaction to design different polymerization degrees, so that various block-type polymers are obtained.
Meanwhile, polyacrylic acid macromolecular CTA with different structures can be selected to adjust and control the spatial structure of the polymer, such as comb-type, multi-branch type, symmetrical structure and asymmetrical structure polymers, so that various dispersants with different structures and performances can be obtained, and the dispersant is suitable for different conditions, and has unique advantages and wider application prospects compared with the traditional dispersant.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail and specifically with reference to the following examples so as to provide a better understanding of the present invention, but the following examples are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
This example provides a method for preparing a block dispersant based on RAFT polymerization:
taking a 500mL clean reaction bottle, weighing 40 parts of acrylic acid, 0.3 part of sodium persulfate, 1 part of sodium bisulfite, 0.4 part of benzyl trithiocarbonate propionic acid (with DP of 100) and 80 parts of water, adding into the reaction bottle, and stirring to dissolve uniformly; introducing nitrogen for 20min, discharging air, sealing, and heating to 80 deg.C under stirring for 5 hr; stopping the reaction to obtain polyacrylic acid macromolecules, cooling, discharging, and testing the solid content of the product for later use.
Taking a 500mL clean reaction bottle, weighing 20 parts of sodium p-styrene sulfonate, 0.5 part of sodium persulfate, 1 part of sodium bisulfite, 0.4 part of polyacrylic acid macromolecule CTA (DP is designed to be 50) and 45 parts of water, adding into the reaction bottle, and stirring and dissolving uniformly; introducing nitrogen for 20min, discharging air, sealing, and heating to 85 deg.C under stirring for 4 hr; stopping the reaction and cooling, slowly adding 10 parts of 32% sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5, and after testing the viscosity, reserving a sample to obtain the block-type dispersing agent with the solid content of 42 +/-1%.
Example 2
This example provides a method for preparing a block dispersant based on RAFT polymerization:
taking a 500mL clean reaction bottle, weighing 40 parts of acrylic acid, 0.3 part of sodium persulfate, 1 part of sodium bisulfite, 0.4 part of benzyl trithiocarbonate propionic acid (with DP of 100) and 80 parts of water, adding into the reaction bottle, and stirring to dissolve uniformly; introducing nitrogen for 20min, discharging air, sealing, and heating to 80 deg.C under stirring for 5 hr; stopping the reaction to obtain polyacrylic acid macromolecules, cooling, discharging, and testing the solid content of the product for later use.
Taking a 500mL clean reaction bottle, weighing 15 parts of maleic acid, 0.3 part of sodium persulfate, 1 part of sodium bisulfite, 0.25 part of polyacrylic acid macromolecular CTA (DP is designed to be 60) and 35 parts of water, adding into the reaction bottle, and stirring to dissolve uniformly; introducing nitrogen for 20min, discharging air, sealing, and heating to 85 deg.C under stirring for 4 hr; stopping the reaction and cooling, slowly adding 20 parts of 32% sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5, and after testing the viscosity, reserving a sample to obtain the block-type dispersing agent with the solid content of 42 +/-1%.
Example 3
This example provides a method for preparing a block dispersant based on RAFT polymerization:
taking a 500mL clean reaction bottle, weighing 50 parts of acrylic acid, 0.2 part of potassium persulfate, 0.6 part of potassium sulfite, 0.25 part of 3-benzylthio thiocarbonylthiopropionic acid (with the design DP of 200) and 100 parts of water, adding into the reaction bottle, and stirring and dissolving uniformly; introducing nitrogen for 20min, discharging air, sealing, and heating to 80 deg.C under stirring for 5 hr; stopping the reaction to obtain polyacrylic acid macromolecules, cooling, discharging, and testing the solid content of the product for later use.
Taking a 500mL clean reaction bottle, weighing 20 parts of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 0.3 part of potassium persulfate, 0.9 part of potassium sulfite, 0.4 part of polyacrylic acid macromolecule CTA (DP is designed to be 50) and 45 parts of water, adding into the reaction bottle, and stirring and dissolving uniformly; introducing nitrogen for 20min, discharging air, sealing, and heating to 90 deg.C under stirring for 6 h; stopping the reaction and reducing the temperature, slowly adding 13 parts of 32% sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5, and after testing the viscosity, reserving a sample to obtain the block-type dispersing agent with the solid content of 42 +/-1%.
Comparative example
Adopting a traditional solution free radical polymerization method: taking a 500mL clean reaction bottle, weighing 40 parts of acrylic acid, 0.3 part of sodium persulfate, 1 part of sodium bisulfite, 0.4 part of benzyl trithiocarbonate propionic acid (with DP of 100) and 80 parts of water, adding into a reaction vessel, and stirring to dissolve uniformly; introducing nitrogen for 20min, discharging air, sealing, and heating to 80 deg.C under stirring for 5 hr; stopping the reaction, slowly adding 6 parts of 32% sodium hydroxide solution after cooling to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5, and after testing the viscosity, reserving a sample to obtain the traditional dispersing agent with the solid content of 42 +/-1%.
The basic indices of the dispersants of examples 1-3 and comparative examples are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 product index
| Sample numbering | Solid content% | Viscosity of the oil | pH | Appearance of the product |
| Example 1 | 42.35 | 205 | 7.18 | Yellowish transparent viscous liquid |
| Example 2 | 42.06 | 256 | 7.03 | Yellowish transparent viscous liquid |
| Example 3 | 41.98 | 306 | 6.98 | Yellowish transparent viscous liquid |
| Comparative example | 42.12 | 285 | 7.13 | Yellowish transparent viscous liquid |
Comparative examples of application
The following application experiments were carried out using the dispersants of examples 1 to 3 and comparative example: 2.5kg of water and 200g of a dispersant were put into a 15L jar mill and stirred uniformly. Adding 7.5kg of ground calcium carbonate powder, setting the grinding speed to be 500rpm, and discharging after grinding for 2.5 h. The test of a particle size meter shows that the weight content of the calcium carbonate particles smaller than 2um is more than 98 percent. The solids content was adjusted to 75% by adding water, and the initial viscosity of the slurry, the viscosity after 1h and the static viscosity after 24h were measured. The results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
Note: all viscosities were at 25 ℃
The initial viscosity of the slurry obtained by grinding the dispersant prepared in examples 1-3 of the invention is similar to that of a comparison sample, the 1h viscosity and the 24h static viscosity are both obviously lower than those of the comparison sample, and from the view of tracking the viscosity, the viscosity growth rate of the product obtained by using the dispersant of the invention is obviously lower than that of the comparison sample, and the performance of the block dispersant of the invention is obviously better than that of the conventional dispersant.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a block-type dispersant based on RAFT polymerization, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding acrylic acid, an initiator, a reducing agent, a chain transfer reagent and water into a reaction vessel, and carrying out heating reaction under an anaerobic condition to obtain polyacrylic acid macromolecules;
(2) adding the polyacrylic acid macromolecules, a second monomer, an initiator, a reducing agent and water into a reaction container, and carrying out heating reaction under an anaerobic condition to obtain a block polymer solution;
(3) and adjusting the pH value of the reacted block polymer solution to 5-9 to obtain the block type dispersing agent.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the acrylic acid, the initiator, the reducing agent and the chain transfer agent are in parts by weight as follows: 30-65 parts of acrylic acid, 0.2-2 parts of initiator, 0.6-6 parts of reducing agent, 0.1-1 part of chain transfer reagent and 80-100 parts of water.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the polyacrylic acid macromolecule, the second monomer, the initiator, the reducing agent and the water are prepared in parts by weight as follows: 0.2-2 parts of polyacrylic acid macromolecules, 10-20 parts of second monomers, 0.2-2 parts of initiators, 0.6-6 parts of reducing agents and 35-45 parts of water.
4. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the second monomer is one or more of methacrylic acid, maleic acid, sodium p-styrene sulfonate, p-styrene formic acid, p-styrene acetic acid, styrene, methyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, and hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the initiator is one or more selected from the group consisting of sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, azo initiators, and percarbonate.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reducing agent is one or more selected from the group consisting of sodium bisulfite, sodium sulfite, sodium metabisulfite, potassium sulfite, sodium thiosulfate, N-dimethylaniline, tartaric acid, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, ferrous sulfate, N-dodecylmercaptan, t-dodecylmercaptan, ferrous chloride, tetraethylene imine, diethylenetriamine, tetraethylenepentamine, ferrous pyrophosphate, sodium phosphite, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium hypophosphite, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, methylamine, ethylamine, glucose, fructose, vitamin C, and amino acids.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the chain transfer agent is one of n-dodecyl mercaptan, isopropyl alcohol, 3-benzylthio-carbonylthio propionic acid, 3-dodecylthio-carbonylthio propionic acid, and benzyltrithiocarbonate-based propionic acid.
8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1) and the step (2), the oxygen-free condition is obtained by introducing nitrogen into the reaction vessel for 20 min; the reaction temperature is 60-90 ℃ and the reaction time is 4-8 h.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the alkaline substance is a 32% sodium hydroxide solution.
10. A block dispersant based on RAFT polymerisation prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111206453A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-05-29 | 济宁明升新材料有限公司 | Efficient composite dispersant and preparation method thereof |
| CN111440259A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-24 | 济宁明升新材料有限公司 | Multi-branch type dispersing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN112625174A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-09 | 湘潭大学 | pH-responsive amphiphilic copolymer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112625196A (en) * | 2020-11-01 | 2021-04-09 | 北京化工大学 | Preparation and application of ABA type block copolymer with reversible gel sol characteristic |
| CN113896862A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-01-07 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Polymer epoxy resin, preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111206453A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-05-29 | 济宁明升新材料有限公司 | Efficient composite dispersant and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112625174A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-09 | 湘潭大学 | pH-responsive amphiphilic copolymer and preparation method thereof |
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