CN111019033A - Preparation method of pour point depressant for high-wax-content crude oil - Google Patents
Preparation method of pour point depressant for high-wax-content crude oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111019033A CN111019033A CN201911061826.8A CN201911061826A CN111019033A CN 111019033 A CN111019033 A CN 111019033A CN 201911061826 A CN201911061826 A CN 201911061826A CN 111019033 A CN111019033 A CN 111019033A
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/14—Monomers containing five or more carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/04—Polymerisation in solution
- C08F2/06—Organic solvent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/04—Anhydrides, e.g. cyclic anhydrides
- C08F222/06—Maleic anhydride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/14—Esterification
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
- F17D1/16—Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity
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Abstract
The application provides a preparation method of a high-wax-content crude oil pour point depressant, which comprises the steps of carrying out free radical copolymerization on α -olefin and maleic anhydride to obtain a pour point depressant intermediate, and carrying out esterification on the pour point depressant intermediate and fatty alcohol to obtain a crude oil pour point depressant finished product, wherein the fatty alcohol is mixed alcohol of higher alcohol and Guerbet alcohol.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of pour point depressant preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a high-wax-content crude oil pour point depressant.
Background
The high wax content crude oil is characterized by high wax content, high solidifying point and low viscosity, the solubility of wax in crude oil is reduced along with the reduction of temperature, wax crystals begin to precipitate at a certain temperature, and the temperature is called as wax precipitation point (cloud point). With the further reduction of the temperature, more and more wax crystals are separated out from the crude oil, so that the crude oil loses the fluidity on the whole, the difficulty is brought to the transportation of the crude oil, the utilization rate of equipment and facilities is reduced, the circulation capacity of a production oil pipe and a gathering and transportation pipeline is influenced, equipment faults or pipeline blockage is caused, and even disastrous accidents are caused. At present, in the process of crude oil exploitation, a heating and conveying process is mainly used for high-condensation and high-wax content crude oil, but the process has many defects, needs to consume a large amount of fuel oil, causes pollution to the atmospheric environment and easily causes safety problems.
In the last two decades, the modification of waxy crude oil has gradually attracted attention. The crude oil pour point depressant is a chemically synthesized high molecular organic compound, can improve the form, size and aggregation state of wax crystals in crude oil, improve the dispersion degree of the wax crystals in the crude oil, weaken the capability of the wax crystals for forming a spatial structure, and interfere the growth of the wax crystals, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the oil rheology of the crude oil. The pour point depressant is added into the wax-containing crude oil to effectively improve the low-temperature rheological property of the crude oil, and the technology plays an extremely important role in safe operation of low-conveying-pipe and energy conservation and consumption reduction. In addition, the pour point depressant is added into the waxy crude oil, so that the melting point of wax in the crude oil can be reduced, the waxy crude oil can be conveyed at normal temperature or even at low temperature, and the pour point depressant is easy to start after pipeline transportation is stopped, which has important significance for long-distance conveying of high-freezing waxy crude oil. Therefore, the normal temperature transportation by adding the pour point depressant into the high-freezing wax-containing crude oil is safer and energy-saving than other methods. But the pour point depressant for crude oil has strong selectivity to crude oil, so that the application of the pour point depressant to the chemical modification of crude oil has certain blindness, and the pour point depressant has the characteristics of large molecular weight, high self-condensation point, difficult field use and the like.
CN108192004A discloses a tetrapolymer for crude oil pour point depression, which comprises structural units obtained from maleic acid derivatives, polar vinyl compounds, high-carbon α -olefin and ethylene, wherein the molar ratio of the maleic acid derivatives, the polar vinyl compounds, the high-carbon α -olefin and the ethylene is 1: 1-5: 1-2: 10-30, the maleic acid derivatives are obtained by reacting maleic anhydride and amine compounds, the amine compounds are at least one of monohydric aliphatic amine with 8-50 carbon atoms, dihydric aliphatic amine with 8-50 carbon atoms or fatty alcohol amine with 8-50 carbon atoms, the polar vinyl compounds are selected from acrylic acid, acrylamide, styrene sulfonic acid, sodium styrene sulfonate, propylene sulfonic acid and sodium propylene sulfonate, and the high-carbon α -olefin is α -olefin with 8-50 carbon atoms.
Most pour point depressants in the prior art are suitable for multi-wax crude oil, have poor or even ineffective pour point depressing effect on high-wax crude oil with the wax content of more than 20 percent, and are not suitable for pour point depressants applied to the high-wax and high-wax crude oil.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the application provides a preparation method of a high-wax-content crude oil pour point depressant, which comprises the steps of carrying out free radical copolymerization on α -olefin and maleic anhydride to obtain a pour point depressant intermediate, and carrying out esterification on the pour point depressant intermediate and fatty alcohol to obtain a crude oil pour point depressant finished product, wherein the fatty alcohol is mixed alcohol of high-grade alcohol and Guerbet alcohol.
α -olefin and maleic anhydride are subjected to copolymerization reaction to form a copolymer, and meanwhile, the maleic anhydride has anhydride which can react with fatty alcohol to obtain the pour point depressant in an esterification manner, so that the pour point depressant has a good pour point depression effect.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the higher alcohol to the Guerbet alcohol is 1 (0.8-2).
Preferably, the higher alcohol is C16～C20The Guerbet alcohol is one or more of 2-ethyl hexanol, 2-butyl octanol and 2-hexyl decanol, and the mixture ratio of the two or more is arbitrary. The addition of Guerbet alcohol in this application for pour point depressant has stronger surface activity, has increased the solubility and the dissolving capacity of wax in the oil, has increased the dispersity of wax simultaneously, and the influence of surface charge after the wax molecule dispersion, repels each other between the wax crystal, is difficult to the coalescence.
Preferably, the Guerbet alcohol comprises 2-ethyl hexanol and 2-butyl octanol, and the molar ratio of the 2-ethyl hexanol to the 2-butyl octanol is 1: 1.2.
Preferably, said C16～C20C in higher aliphatic alcohol16-18Higher alcohols with C20The molar ratio of the higher alcohol is 1:1. The pour point depressant has polar groups and carbon chains with certain lengths in molecules, so that reaction products have a good pour point depression effect.
Preferably, the α -olefin contains C carbon atoms18～C22The reaction molar ratio of the α -olefin to the maleic anhydride is 1 (0.8-1.3), and the reaction molar ratio of the maleic anhydride to the fatty alcohol is 1 (1-1.5).
Preferably, the reaction molar ratio of the α -olefin to the maleic anhydride is 1:1.2, and the reaction molar ratio of the maleic anhydride to the fatty alcohol is 1: 1.5.
Preferably, the α -olefin is formed from C18Straight chain α -olefins and C20Linear α -olefin composition, C18Straight chain α -olefins with C20The mole ratio of the linear α -olefin is 1 (0.8-1).
Preferably, the preparation process of the pour point depressant intermediate comprises the steps of adding α -olefin and an organic solvent into a reaction kettle, stirring, heating to 50-75 ℃, adding maleic anhydride, continuously heating to 120-130 ℃, adding an initiator, and reacting to obtain the pour point depressant intermediate.
Preferably, the organic solvent is xylene, the initiator is di-tert-butyl peroxide, the addition amount of the initiator is 0.4-0.6% by weight, and the reaction conditions of the initiator are as follows: the reaction temperature is 125 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 10 hours under the condition of heat preservation.
Preferably, the initiator is added in the following way: the initiator is sequentially added for four times, the first addition amount is 10-15 parts by parts, and the temperature is kept at 125 ℃ for 25-35 min; the second addition amount is 20-30 parts, and the temperature is kept for 25-35 min; the third addition amount is 20-30 parts, and the temperature is kept for 85-95 min; the fourth addition amount is 30-40 parts, and the temperature is kept for 85-95 min.
The application also discloses an application of the pour point depressant for the high-wax crude oil prepared by any preparation method in treating the high-wax crude oil; preferably, the wax content of the highly waxy crude oil is not less than 20%.
This application can bring following beneficial effect:
1. according to the method, α -olefin and maleic anhydride are subjected to copolymerization reaction to form a copolymer, and meanwhile, anhydride exists in the maleic anhydride, so that the maleic anhydride can react with fatty alcohol to esterify to obtain the pour point depressant, and the pour point depressant has a good pour point depression effect;
2. according to the application, the Guerbet alcohol with a large branched chain is introduced on the basis of the copolymer, the molecular structure of the pour point depressant is improved, the product content is increased to 80%, the condensation point is less than or equal to 15 ℃, the safety risk of the product caused by low-concentration transportation is reduced, and the transportation cost is saved;
3. the addition of the Guerbet alcohol in the application enables the pour point depressant to have stronger surface activity, increases the solubility and the dissolving capacity of wax in oil products, and simultaneously increases the dispersity of the wax, and due to the influence of surface charges after wax molecules are dispersed, wax crystals are mutually repelled and are not easy to agglomerate;
4. the pour point depressant has polar groups and carbon chains with certain length in molecules, so that a reaction product has a good pour point depression effect;
5. this application adopts solution polymerization's mode, should not cause the implosion, is more convenient for control reaction polymerization degree simultaneously.
Detailed Description
Example 1: a preparation method of a pour point depressant for high-wax-content crude oil comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation method of pour point depressant intermediate
Adding α -olefin and organic solvent xylene which are molten reactants into a dry and clean reaction kettle by using a vacuum pump, stirring and heating to about 50-75 ℃, adding maleic anhydride, then continuing heating to 120-130 ℃, adding an initiator, keeping the temperature for reaction for 110-130 min, and then cooling to obtain a pour point depressant intermediate;
wherein the initiator is added for four times in turn, the first addition amount is 10-15 parts by parts, and the temperature is kept at 125 ℃ for 25-35 min; the second addition amount is 20-30 parts, and the temperature is kept for 25-35 min; the third addition amount is 20-30 parts, and the temperature is kept for 85-95 min; the fourth addition amount is 30-40 parts, and the temperature is kept for 85-95 min.
(2) Preparation method of crude oil pour point depressant finished product
Sequentially adding the pour point depressant intermediate and fatty alcohol into a dry and clean reaction kettle, heating to 110-120 ℃, stirring to a uniform state, adding a catalyst p-toluenesulfonic acid, stirring for 20min, heating to 120-130 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction and dehydration for 1.5-2 h; then heating to 145-150 ℃, dehydrating for 1.5-2 h in a reflux reaction, heating to 165-170 ℃, and dehydrating for 3-4 h in a reflux reaction until no water is removed; cooling to 90-100 ℃ to obtain a pour point depressant dry material; the fatty alcohol is compounded by adopting higher fatty alcohol and Guerbet alcohol, and the selection of the higher fatty alcohol and the Guerbet alcohol in different samples is shown in the following table.
Mixing the pour point depressant dry material, xylene and other additives, and stirring and cooling at 60-70 ℃ to obtain a pour point depressant finished product.
The specific implementation conditions are as follows:
TABLE 1 concrete conditions of examples and comparative examples
Supplementing: in table 1 above, the carbon number of the higher alcohol in example 1 is 16, the carbon number of the higher alcohol in example 2 is 18, and the carbon number of the higher alcohol in example 3 is 17.
Example 2: characterization of
The high-wax crude oil adopted in the embodiment is used as experimental oil, the solidifying point of the experimental oil is 33 ℃, the wax content is 23%, the colloid asphaltene content is 10-15%, the viscosity is 800-1200mPa.s, and the solidifying point of the crude oil pour point depressant is detected according to the GB/T510-1983 standard.
Viscosity in this example is a measure of the viscosity of the pour point depressant for crude oil at 60 ℃.
The flash point was tested with reference to the GB/T261 specification.
TABLE 2 Performance test results for pour point depressant for crude oil
| Sample numbering | Freezing point/. degree.C | Reduction in amplitude/deg.C | Flash point/. degree.C | Viscosity mPa.s | Solids content/% | Molecular weight Mw |
| 1 | 13 | 10 | 28 | 260 | 89 | 6000 |
| 2 | 8 | 15 | 25 | 200 | 85 | 5120 |
| 3 | 3 | 20 | 35 | 150 | 90 | 7500 |
| Comparative example 1 | 16 | 7 | 26 | 310 | 53 | 8500 |
| Comparative example 2 | 18 | 5 | 23 | 280 | 57 | 8126 |
| Comparative example 3 | 14 | 9 | 26 | 230 | 60 | 10035 |
| Comparative example 4 | 18 | 5 | 28 | 260 | 51 | 9010 |
| Comparative example 5 | 12 | 11 | 21 | 340 | 62 | 9322 |
| Comparative example 6 | 15 | 8 | 19 | 380 | 49 | 9703 |
| Comparative example 7 | 21 | 2 | 17 | 420 | 58 | 11030 |
The experimental results in the above table 2 show that the types of reactants and the ratios of the reactants have an influence on the pour point depressing effect, the rheological property, the molecular weight, the solid content and other properties of the crude pour point depressant finished product, wherein the influencing factors include the addition of the Guerbet alcohol, the ratio of the higher alcohol to the Guerbet alcohol, the components of the higher alcohol and the ratio of the components, the α -olefin component and the ratio of the components, and these parameters have a great influence on the properties of the crude pour point depressant finished product.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, and similar parts between the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on different points from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a pour point depressant for high-wax-content crude oil is characterized by comprising the steps of carrying out free radical copolymerization on α -olefin and maleic anhydride to obtain a pour point depressant intermediate, and carrying out esterification on the pour point depressant intermediate and fatty alcohol to obtain a finished product of the pour point depressant for the crude oil, wherein the fatty alcohol is mixed alcohol of higher alcohol and Guerbet alcohol.
2. The method for preparing the pour point depressant for high-wax crude oil according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the molar ratio of the higher alcohol to the Guerbet alcohol is 1 (0.8-2).
3. The method for preparing the pour point depressant for high-wax crude oil according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the higher alcohol is C16～C20The guerbet alcohol is one or more of 2-ethylhexanol, 2-butyloctanol and 2-hexyldecanol, and the mixture ratio of the two or more is arbitrary.
4. The method for preparing the pour point depressant for high-wax crude oil according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: said C is16～C20C in higher aliphatic alcohol16-18Higher alcohols with C20The molar ratio of the higher alcohol is 1:1.
5. The method for preparing the pour point depressant for high-wax crude oil according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the Guerbet alcohol consists of 2-ethyl hexanol and 2-butyl octanol, and the molar ratio of the 2-ethyl hexanol to the 2-butyl octanol is 1: 1.2.
6. The method for preparing the pour point depressant for high-wax crude oil according to claim 1, wherein the α -olefin contains C18～C22The reaction molar ratio of the α -olefin to the maleic anhydride is 1 (0.8-1.3), the reaction molar ratio of the maleic anhydride to the fatty alcohol is 1 (1-1.5), preferably, the reaction molar ratio of the α -olefin to the maleic anhydride is 1:1.2, and the reaction molar ratio of the maleic anhydride to the fatty alcohol is 1: 1.5.
7. According to the claimsThe method for preparing the pour point depressant for high-wax crude oil according to claim 6, wherein the α -olefin is C18Straight chain α -olefins and C20Linear α -olefin composition, C18Straight chain α -olefins with C20The mole ratio of the linear α -olefin is 1 (0.8-1).
8. The method for preparing the pour point depressant for the crude oil with high wax content according to claim 1, wherein the preparation process of the pour point depressant intermediate comprises the steps of adding α -olefin and an organic solvent into a reaction kettle, stirring and heating to 50-75 ℃, adding maleic anhydride, continuously heating to 120-130 ℃, adding an initiator, and reacting to obtain the pour point depressant intermediate.
9. The method for preparing the pour point depressant for high-wax crude oil according to claim 8, wherein the pour point depressant comprises the following steps: the organic solvent is xylene, the initiator is di-tert-butyl peroxide, the addition amount of the initiator is 0.4-0.6% by weight, and the reaction conditions for adding the initiator are as follows: the reaction temperature is 125 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 10 hours under the condition of heat preservation.
10. Use of the pour point depressant for highly waxy crude oil prepared by the process of any one of claims 1 to 9 for treating highly waxy crude oil; preferably, the wax content of the highly waxy crude oil is not less than 20%.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112126005A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-25 | 德仕能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Polymer, wax-containing crude oil pour point depressant, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113444190A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-09-28 | 德仕能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Polymer for crude oil pour point depression and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116333712A (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-06-27 | 新疆科力新技术发展股份有限公司 | Crude oil pour point depressant and preparation method thereof |
| CN116535568A (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2023-08-04 | 长江大学 | Wax inhibitor and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112126005A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-25 | 德仕能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Polymer, wax-containing crude oil pour point depressant, and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN113444190B (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2022-08-26 | 德仕能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Polymer for crude oil pour point depression and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116333712A (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-06-27 | 新疆科力新技术发展股份有限公司 | Crude oil pour point depressant and preparation method thereof |
| CN116333712B (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-08-11 | 新疆科力新技术发展股份有限公司 | Crude oil pour point depressant and preparation method thereof |
| CN116535568A (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2023-08-04 | 长江大学 | Wax inhibitor and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116535568B (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2024-02-27 | 长江大学 | Wax inhibitor and preparation method and application thereof |
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Address after: Building 18, youhuigu, Shengli Industrial Park, Dongying District, Dongying City, Shandong Province Applicant after: Deshi Energy Technology Group Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: SHANDONG DESHI CHEMICAL Co.,Ltd. Address before: Building 18, youhuigu, Shengli Industrial Park, Dongying District, Dongying City, Shandong Province Applicant before: SHANDONG DESHI PETROLEUM ENGINEERING GROUP Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: SHANDONG DESHI CHEMICAL Co.,Ltd. |
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