CN111018297A - One-stop disposal method for sludge dehydration, drying and thermal cracking - Google Patents
One-stop disposal method for sludge dehydration, drying and thermal cracking Download PDFInfo
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- CN111018297A CN111018297A CN202010001517.8A CN202010001517A CN111018297A CN 111018297 A CN111018297 A CN 111018297A CN 202010001517 A CN202010001517 A CN 202010001517A CN 111018297 A CN111018297 A CN 111018297A
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- thermal cracking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
Abstract
The invention discloses a one-stop disposal method for sludge dehydration, drying and thermal cracking, which comprises a feeding dehydration stage, wherein sludge enters a dehydration dryer for dehydration; in the stage of pressing, dehydrating and cake-forming, the sludge is pressed and dehydrated for the second time by the squeezing force generated by high-pressure water in a diaphragm filter plate in a filter plate of a dehydration drier; in the heat drying stage, the fuel oil boiler forms a high-temperature oil drying channel with the high-temperature resistant plate frame through the high-temperature circulating pump and the high-temperature oil control valve, the filter cake is dried, the obtained filter cake enters the crushing device to be crushed and then enters the thermal cracking furnace to be thermally cracked, waste residues generated by thermal cracking can be used for different purposes according to different pyrolysis raw materials, the heat drying device is suitable for industrial full-automatic continuous production, the treatment capacity is large, the treatment efficiency and the production capacity are improved, the operation cost is low, the personnel allocation requirement is low, and the heat drying device is.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of one-stop treatment of sludge dehydration, drying and thermal cracking, in particular to a one-stop treatment method of sludge dehydration, drying and thermal cracking.
Background
With the improvement of national and local environmental protection requirements and the improvement of the treatment cost of the dewatered sludge, the sludge is dewatered from about 98 percent of moisture content after mechanical concentration and dewatering to below 20 percent of moisture content, so that the sludge reduction is realized to the maximum extent, and the generation amount of solid wastes is also rapidly increased along with the continuous improvement of the living standard of people in China and the rapid development of society. Many of these solid wastes contain organic matter such as waste rubber, waste plastics, sludge, garbage, biomass, and contaminated soil. Conventional methods for disposing of these wastes include landfill and incineration, and these methods have no problem. The landfill needs a large amount of land, secondary pollution such as stink or polluted underground water is easy to generate, pollutants buried underground cannot be degraded for many years, and the pollution is always a hidden danger to the environment. Incineration generates a large amount of SO2The tail gas of NOx and highly toxic dioxin/furan pollutants has high treatment cost, and simultaneously, a large amount of fly ash is generated and belongs to hazardous waste. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a technology for recycling and disposing organic solid wastes into harmless resources.
The one-stop treatment method for dehydration, drying and thermal cracking of sludge is one of the mainstream processes of current organic solid waste treatment, the moisture content of the sludge is reduced to below 20% from about 98% after mechanical concentration, dehydration and drying, and then the sludge is subjected to one-stop treatment in a thermal cracking mode, and an oxygen-free/oxygen-deficient environment needs to be created for thermal cracking.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a one-stop treatment method for sludge dehydration, drying and thermal cracking, which solves the technical problem of recycling and harmless treatment of organic solid waste.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a one-stop disposal method for sludge dehydration, drying and thermal cracking comprises the following steps:
step one, a feeding dehydration stage: feeding the conditioned sludge into a dehydration dryer through a feed pump, simultaneously adding a flocculating agent on line, conveying the sludge by using the pressure of a sludge screw pump, discharging filtrate through filter cloth in the process of conveying the sludge to gaps among filter plates of the dehydration dryer, completing liquid-solid separation to form filter cakes, and finishing a feeding, filtering and dehydration stage when the gaps among the filter plates of the dehydration dryer are filled with the sludge, namely a sludge screw pump cannot convey the sludge to the gaps among the filter plates;
step two, a squeezing dehydration cake forming stage: the sludge is squeezed and dewatered for the second time by using the squeezing force generated by high-pressure water in a diaphragm filter plate in a filter plate of the dewatering and drying machine, so that a filter cake is compacted, and the residual filtrate is extruded; the capillary water in the filter cake is blown by hot air strong airflow to carry out percolation displacement, so that the capillary water in the filter cake is further discharged;
step three, a heat drying stage: the oil burning boiler forms a high temperature oil drying channel with the high temperature resistant plate frame through the high temperature circulating pump and the high temperature oil control valve, and dries the filter cake to reduce the water content of the filter cake to below 20%;
crushing the filter cake obtained in the step three by a crushing device, and feeding the obtained material into a thermal cracking furnace by a feeding device, wherein the small granular material is not required to be crushed;
fifthly, thermally cracking the materials in the step four by a thermal cracking furnace to generate pyrolytic combustible gas, washing and purifying the pyrolytic combustible gas by a quenching device and a spraying device, enabling most of the purified pyrolytic combustible gas to enter a burner for burning, and supplying heat to the thermal cracking furnace by the burnt flue gas to achieve the purpose of heating the materials in the furnace body;
sixthly, the sealing between each connecting part and each transmission part in the material thermal cracking process is ensured by setting the self high sealing performance of the thermal cracking furnace, so that the micro negative pressure in the thermal cracking process in the rotary furnace body of the thermal cracking furnace is ensured, and the rotary furnace of the thermal cracking furnace is ensured to continuously operate in the thermal cracking process of the materials;
step seven, the flue gas after being utilized by the thermal cracking furnace enters a gas boiler to generate steam for waste heat utilization, and then is purified by a dust removal device and discharged after reaching the standard;
and step eight, discharging the waste residues generated by thermal cracking through a discharging device after cooling, and selling the waste residues directly or selling the waste residues after secondary processing.
Preferably, the pressure of the sludge screw pump is 0.8-1.6 MPa.
Preferably, after the capillary water in the filter cake in the second step is further discharged, the water content of the filter cake is 55-60%.
Preferably, the filter plate of the dewatering and drying machine is made of MC nylon material which can resist heat to over 140 ℃.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the thermal cracking combustible gas is subjected to gas washing and purification by the quenching device and the spraying device, and simultaneously the fuel oil is separated.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the flue gas generated by burning the purified thermal cracking combustible gas supplies heat to the thermal cracking furnace, so that the temperature in the thermal cracking furnace is kept at 400 ℃ and 450 ℃.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the flue gas generated after the purified thermal cracking combustible gas is combusted is heated by the pyrolysis rotary furnace and then enters the gas-fired boiler to generate steam.
Preferably, in the sixth step, the micro negative pressure is-100 Pa to 0 Pa.
Preferably, in the seventh step, the waste heat utilization is as follows: for producing steam for sale or self-service.
Preferably, in the eighth step, the discharging device is a slag cooler.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a one-stop disposal method for sludge dehydration, drying and thermal cracking. The method has the following beneficial effects:
the one-stop disposal method for dehydrating, drying and thermally cracking the sludge realizes dehydration, ventilation, drying and internal circulation, so that the moisture content of the sludge is reduced to be below 20% to form a material, the material is crushed and then enters a thermal cracking furnace, organic matters contained in solid waste are cracked to generate combustible gas, the combustible gas is washed and purified and then enters a burner to be burnt to serve as a heat source of the thermal cracking furnace, the self high sealing performance of the thermal cracking furnace is realized, and the micro negative pressure in the thermal cracking process in the thermal cracking furnace is ensured by air extraction; the flue gas after being utilized by the thermal cracking furnace is directly subjected to waste heat utilization, or enters a gas boiler to generate steam for waste heat utilization, and is subjected to purification treatment and then is discharged after reaching the standard. The waste residue generated by thermal cracking can be used for different purposes according to different pyrolysis raw materials, for example, the carbon black generated by thermal cracking of waste rubber and waste plastic can be directly sold or sold after secondary deep processing as an industrial raw material; the biochar generated by thermal cracking of the sludge and the biomass can be used as a soil conditioner, is suitable for industrial full-automatic continuous production, has large treatment capacity, improves the treatment efficiency and the production capacity, and has low operation cost, low personnel allocation requirement, safety and reliability.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that:
a one-stop disposal method for sludge dehydration, drying and thermal cracking comprises the following steps:
step one, a feeding dehydration stage: the modified sludge is sent into a dewatering dryer through a feed pump, a flocculating agent is added on line at the same time, the sludge is conveyed by the pressure of a sludge screw pump, the pressure of the sludge screw pump is 0.8-1.6MPa, and in the process that the sludge is conveyed to gaps between filter plates of the dewatering dryer, filtrate is discharged through filter cloth, liquid-solid separation is completed, a filter cake is formed, the filter plates of the dewatering dryer are made of MC nylon materials which can resist heat to more than 140 ℃, and in the initial feeding stage, the filter cake layer on the filter cloth is thin, the filtering resistance is small, and therefore the feeding amount is very large. The filter cake is gradually thickened along with the filtering, the void ratio of the filter cake is relatively reduced, the filtering resistance is increased, the feeding amount is reduced, when the conveying pressure of the sludge screw pump is gradually increased to the highest pressure of 1.6MPa, the gaps between the filter plates of the dehydration dryer are full of sludge, namely the sludge screw pump can not convey the sludge into the gaps between the filter plates, and the feeding, filtering and dehydrating stage is finished;
step two, a squeezing dehydration cake forming stage: the sludge is squeezed and dewatered for the second time by using the squeezing force generated by high-pressure water in a diaphragm filter plate in a filter plate of the dewatering and drying machine, so that a filter cake is compacted, and the residual filtrate is extruded; and (3) blowing the capillary water in the filter cake by utilizing the strong hot air flow to perform percolation displacement, so that the capillary water in the filter cake is further discharged, and the water content of the filter cake is 55-60%.
Step three, a heat drying stage: the oil burning boiler forms a high temperature oil drying channel with the high temperature resistant plate frame through the high temperature circulating pump and the high temperature oil control valve, and dries the filter cake to reduce the water content of the filter cake to below 20%;
crushing the filter cake obtained in the step three by a crushing device, and feeding the obtained material into a thermal cracking furnace by a feeding device, wherein the small granular material is not required to be crushed;
step five, generating pyrolytic combustible gas after the materials are subjected to thermal cracking in the thermal cracking furnace, washing and purifying the pyrolytic combustible gas through a quenching device and a spraying device, simultaneously separating out fuel oil, feeding most of the purified pyrolytic combustible gas into a burner for burning, supplying heat to the thermal cracking furnace by the burnt flue gas, keeping the temperature in the thermal cracking furnace at low temperature of 400-;
sixthly, the sealing between each connecting part and each transmission part in the material thermal cracking process is ensured by setting the self high sealing performance of the thermal cracking furnace, so that the micro negative pressure of-100 PA-0 PA in the thermal cracking process in the rotary furnace body of the thermal cracking furnace is ensured, and the rotary furnace of the thermal cracking furnace is ensured to continuously operate in the thermal cracking process of the materials;
step seven, the flue gas after being utilized by the thermal cracking furnace enters a gas boiler to generate steam for waste heat utilization, the steam is used for producing steam for sale or self-use, and then the steam is purified by a dust removal device and is discharged after reaching the standard;
and step eight, discharging the waste residues generated by thermal cracking after cooling through a slag cooler of a discharging device, and selling the waste residues directly or after secondary processing.
It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, the recitation of an element by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element, and technical features not expressly recited herein are prior art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A one-stop disposal method for sludge dehydration, drying and thermal cracking is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, a feeding dehydration stage: feeding the conditioned sludge into a dehydration dryer through a feed pump, simultaneously adding a flocculating agent on line, conveying the sludge by using the pressure of a sludge screw pump, discharging filtrate through filter cloth in the process of conveying the sludge to gaps among filter plates of the dehydration dryer, completing liquid-solid separation to form filter cakes, and finishing a feeding, filtering and dehydration stage when the gaps among the filter plates of the dehydration dryer are filled with the sludge, namely a sludge screw pump cannot convey the sludge to the gaps among the filter plates;
step two, a squeezing dehydration cake forming stage: the sludge is squeezed and dewatered for the second time by using the squeezing force generated by high-pressure water in a diaphragm filter plate in a filter plate of the dewatering and drying machine, so that a filter cake is compacted, and the residual filtrate is extruded; the capillary water in the filter cake is blown by hot air strong airflow to carry out percolation displacement, so that the capillary water in the filter cake is further discharged;
step three, a heat drying stage: the oil burning boiler forms a high temperature oil drying channel with the high temperature resistant plate frame through the high temperature circulating pump and the high temperature oil control valve, and dries the filter cake to reduce the water content of the filter cake to below 20%;
crushing the filter cake obtained in the step three by a crushing device, and feeding the obtained material into a thermal cracking furnace by a feeding device, wherein the small granular material is not required to be crushed;
fifthly, thermally cracking the materials in the step four by a thermal cracking furnace to generate pyrolytic combustible gas, washing and purifying the pyrolytic combustible gas by a quenching device and a spraying device, enabling most of the purified pyrolytic combustible gas to enter a burner for burning, and supplying heat to the thermal cracking furnace by the burnt flue gas to achieve the purpose of heating the materials in the furnace body;
sixthly, the sealing between each connecting part and each transmission part in the material thermal cracking process is ensured by setting the self high sealing performance of the thermal cracking furnace, so that the micro negative pressure in the thermal cracking process in the rotary furnace body of the thermal cracking furnace is ensured, and the rotary furnace of the thermal cracking furnace is ensured to continuously operate in the thermal cracking process of the materials;
step seven, the flue gas after being utilized by the thermal cracking furnace enters a gas boiler to generate steam for waste heat utilization, and then is purified by a dust removal device and discharged after reaching the standard;
and step eight, discharging the waste residues generated by thermal cracking through a discharging device after cooling, and selling the waste residues directly or selling the waste residues after secondary processing.
2. The one-stop sludge dewatering, drying and thermal cracking process of claim 1, wherein: the pressure of the sludge screw pump is 0.8-1.6 MPa.
3. The one-stop sludge dewatering, drying and thermal cracking process of claim 1, wherein: and (4) after capillary water in the filter cake in the second step is further discharged, the water content of the filter cake is 55-60%.
4. The one-stop sludge dewatering, drying and thermal cracking process of claim 1, wherein: the filter plate of the dehydration dryer is made of MC nylon material which can resist heat to more than 140 ℃.
5. The one-stop sludge dewatering, drying and thermal cracking process of claim 1, wherein: and in the fifth step, the thermal cracking combustible gas is subjected to gas washing and purification by the quenching device and the spraying device, and meanwhile, the fuel oil is separated.
6. The one-stop sludge dewatering, drying and thermal cracking process of claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the flue gas generated by burning the purified thermal cracking combustible gas supplies heat to the thermal cracking furnace, so that the temperature in the thermal cracking furnace is kept at 400 ℃ and 450 ℃.
7. The one-stop sludge dewatering, drying and thermal cracking process of claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the flue gas generated after the purified thermal cracking combustible gas is combusted is heated by the thermal cracking rotary furnace and then enters the gas-fired boiler to generate steam.
8. The one-stop sludge dewatering, drying and thermal cracking process of claim 1, wherein: in the sixth step, the micro negative pressure is-100 Pa-0 Pa.
9. The one-stop sludge dewatering, drying and thermal cracking process of claim 1, wherein: in the seventh step, the waste heat utilization is as follows: for producing steam for sale or self-service.
10. The one-stop sludge dewatering, drying and thermal cracking process of claim 1, wherein: in the step eight, the discharging device is a slag cooler.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010001517.8A CN111018297A (en) | 2020-01-02 | 2020-01-02 | One-stop disposal method for sludge dehydration, drying and thermal cracking |
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| CN202010001517.8A CN111018297A (en) | 2020-01-02 | 2020-01-02 | One-stop disposal method for sludge dehydration, drying and thermal cracking |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113562946A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-10-29 | 山东河轩环保科技有限公司 | Quality change process for treating sludge by using oil shale oil refining furnace |
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| CN103570206A (en) * | 2012-07-21 | 2014-02-12 | 宁波互联聚能环保技术有限公司 | Thermal hydrolysis reactor dedicated for low dryness of wet steam, multiple discharge system and dehydration method (L.M.D method) |
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