CN111015292A

CN111015292A - Multi-angle adjusting clamp for machine tool and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111015292A
Application number: CN201911350505.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴晓喻
Original assignee: Zhejiang Wuyi Hongye Machine Tool Co ltd
Current assignee: Luannan Great Wall Steel Shovel Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-24
Filing date: 2019-12-24
Publication date: 2020-04-17
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-24
Also published as: CN111015292B

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-angle adjusting clamp for a machine tool, which comprises a supporting frame, wherein two angle scales are fixedly connected above the supporting frame, a fixing plate is arranged between the two angle scales, and a J-shaped bent pipe is fixedly inserted and connected to the side edge of the fixing plate. The invention relates to a multi-angle adjusting clamp for a machine tool and a using method thereof.A surface of an angle scale is carved with an angle scale which is fixedly arranged on a fixed frame, the middle part of the angle scale is provided with a bearing, the bearing is connected with the side edge of a fixed plate through a rotating rod, when a processing workpiece needs to rotate for a certain angle, the long end of a J-shaped bent pipe can be inserted into a through hole at the inner side of the angle in advance, then the end part of the long end is inserted into a fixed groove at the side edge of the fixed plate, and the short end of the J-shaped bent pipe is inserted into a fixed hole at the inner side of the through hole, at the moment, the fixed plate is fixed, the rotating angle is the same as the angle scale.

Description

Multi-angle adjusting clamp for machine tool and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of machine tool clamps, in particular to a multi-angle adjusting clamp for a machine tool and a using method thereof.

Background

Machine tools are machines for manufacturing machines, also called machine tools or machine tools, and are conventionally called machine tools for short, and are generally divided into metal cutting machine tools, forging machine tools, woodworking machine tools and the like, and many methods for processing machine parts in modern machine manufacturing are provided: in addition to cutting, casting, forging, welding, stamping, extruding and the like are also available, but parts with high precision requirements and fine surface roughness requirements are generally subjected to final machining by cutting on a machine tool, the machine tool plays an important role in national economic and modern construction, and a clamp for the machine tool is needed when a workpiece is placed on the machine tool to be fixed.

The prior Chinese patent No. 201711140229.5 discloses a two-degree-of-freedom clamp for a milling machine, which is characterized in that a first vertical plate and a second vertical plate are sequentially and vertically fixedly connected with the bottom of the inner wall of a box body, a partition plate is fixedly connected between two opposite sides of the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, a first rotating plate is fixedly connected between two opposite sides of the second vertical plate and the inner wall of the box body, the center of the first rotating plate is rotatably connected with a transmission shaft, the surface of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with a first gear, one side of the second vertical plate is fixedly connected with a first motor, the output shaft end of the first motor is fixedly connected with a second gear, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, one end of the transmission shaft, which is positioned at the top of the first rotating plate, is fixedly connected with a first conical gear, and a first rotating shaft is rotatably connected between two opposite sides of the second vertical plate and the, the multi-angle swing is realized, the machining of each angle of the side face is realized, the rapid machining is realized, and the working efficiency is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a multi-angle adjusting clamp for a machine tool and a using method thereof, which can effectively solve the following problems in the background technology: all need artifical measurement angle during upset at every turn, use comparatively loaded down with trivial details, can't process the work piece of multiple specification, the commonality is relatively poor.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model provides a multi-angle adjusting clamp for lathe, includes the support frame, two angle scales of top fixedly connected with of support frame, two the centre of angle scale is provided with the fixed plate, the side of fixed plate is fixed with J type return bend along pegging graft.

Preferably, the support frame includes the base, the last fixed surface of base installs the mount, the mount is kept away from the one end and the angle scale fixed connection of base.

Preferably, bearings are fixedly installed in the middle of the side, facing each other, of each of the two angle scales, fixing holes are evenly formed in the extensions of the bearings, the extensions of the fixing holes are formed in the surfaces of the two angle scales, angle scales are arranged on the side edges of the two angle scales and in the corresponding positions of the through holes, the angle scales are carved on the surfaces of the arranged angle scales, the angle scales are fixedly installed on the fixing frame, the bearings are arranged in the middle of the angle scales, the bearing is connected with the side edges of the fixing plate through rotating rods, when a workpiece needs to rotate for a certain angle, the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe can be inserted into the through hole on the inner side of the angle in advance, then the end part of the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe is inserted into the fixing groove on the side edge of the fixing plate, the short end of the J-shaped bent pipe is inserted into the fixing hole on the inner side, the rotating angle is the same as the angle scale, the accuracy is higher, the operation is simple, and the practicability is stronger.

Preferably, the side middle part fixed mounting of fixed plate has the bull stick, the side of fixed plate just is located the top and the below of bull stick and has seted up the fixed slot, the interior edge of fixed slot is pegged graft fixedly with J type return bend.

Preferably, the spout has been seted up at the middle part at the back of fixed plate, the bottom fixed mounting of spout has the rack, the inside sliding connection of spout has the slider, one side fixed mounting who keeps away from the rack of slider has first fixed establishment, first fixed establishment's inside is provided with the gear, the bottom and the rack toothing transmission of gear, the fixed surface of one side of keeping away from the slider of first fixed establishment installs the card strip, the work end and the gear joint of card strip are fixed, first fixed establishment's right side and the epitaxial fixed mounting who is located the spout have four-jaw chuck, the right-hand member tip fixed mounting of spout has first baffle, the left side and the four-jaw chuck fixed connection of first baffle.

Preferably, the front of fixed plate is similar with the structure at the back, the positive middle part fixed mounting of fixed plate has second fixed establishment, the ladder recess has been seted up on second fixed establishment's right side, the outer fixed surface of ladder recess installs the elastic membrane, the front of fixed plate and the right-hand member tip fixed mounting who is located the spout have the second baffle, the ladder groove has been seted up in the left side of second baffle, the surface and the elastic membrane fixed connection in ladder groove, the fixed plate that sets up openly and the back be two kinds of chucks, openly be the stairstepping chuck, be suitable for the side of square workpiece along joint in ladder department, and junction fixed mounting elastic membrane, the protection work piece does not receive the loss in the course of working, the back is the four-jaw chuck, is suitable for joint cylindricality work piece, this anchor clamps can handle the work piece of different shapes, through the card strip and the gear that set up, the gear is stirred, so that the distance between the chuck and the baffle can be changed, workpieces with different lengths are processed, the universality is strong, certain practicability is realized, and a better use prospect is brought.

Preferably, the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe is connected with the through hole in an inserting mode, the end portion of the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe is connected with the fixing groove in an inserting mode, the end portion of the short end of the J-shaped bent pipe is connected with the fixing hole in an inserting mode, and the end portion, far away from the fixing plate, of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with the bearing.

Preferably, an angle formed between two adjacent fixing holes is an angle, and an angle formed between two adjacent through holes is an angle.

The invention provides a use method of a multi-angle adjusting clamp for a machine tool, which comprises the following specific steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, identifying the type of a workpiece to be detected, clamping the side edge of a square workpiece on the front surface of a fixing plate, pulling out a clamping strip, rotating a gear, driving a second fixing mechanism to move in a meshing manner by the gear and a rack, stopping rotating when an elastic film is tightly contacted with the workpiece, clamping the clamping strip with the gear, fixing the workpiece, wherein the fixing processes of the square workpiece and a cylindrical workpiece are the same, and respectively placing two ends of the cylindrical workpiece into four-jaw chucks on the right side of a first fixing mechanism and the left side of a first baffle plate for fixing;

step two: after the first step is finished, the angle scale is visually observed, the fixing plate is rotated to a required angle, the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe is inserted into the through hole on the inner side of the angle, then the end part of the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe is inserted into the fixing groove on the side edge of the fixing plate, the short end of the J-shaped bent pipe is inserted into the fixing hole on the inner side of the through hole, at the moment, the fixing plate is fixed, and the rotating angle is the same as the angle scale;

step three: and after the second step is finished, fixing the lower surface of the base of the device at a proper position on the machine tool, and turning on a power switch of the machine tool to carry out debugging and other work.

Compared with the prior art, the angle scale is carved on the surface of the arranged angle scale, the angle scale is fixedly arranged on the fixed frame, the bearing is arranged in the middle of the angle scale, the bearing is connected with the side edge of the fixed plate through the rotating rod, when a workpiece to be processed needs to rotate for a certain angle, the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe can be inserted into the through hole on the inner side of the angle in advance, then the end part of the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe is inserted into the fixed groove on the side edge of the fixed plate, and the short end of the J-shaped bent pipe is inserted into the fixed hole on the inner side of the through hole, at the moment, the fixed plate is fixed, the rotating angle is the same as the angle;

compared with the prior art, the fixture has the advantages that the front side and the back side of the fixing plate are provided with the two chucks, the front side is the stepped chuck and is suitable for clamping the side edge of the square workpiece at the stepped position, the elastic film is fixedly arranged at the joint to protect the workpiece from being lost in the machining process, the back side is the four-jaw chuck and is suitable for clamping the cylindrical workpiece, the fixture can be used for processing workpieces with different shapes, the distance between the chuck and the baffle can be changed by stirring the gear through the arranged clamping strips and the gear, and therefore the workpieces with different lengths can be processed, and the fixture is high in universality, has certain practicability and brings better use prospects.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a multi-angle adjusting fixture for a machine tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the back of a multi-angle adjustable fixture for machine tools according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an angle scale structure of a multi-angle adjusting fixture for a machine tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a J-bend pipe of the multi-angle adjusting fixture for machine tools according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing plate of the multi-angle adjusting fixture for machine tools according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a fixing plate of a multi-angle adjusting fixture for a machine tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of B of FIG. 2 of a multi-angle adjusting jig for a machine tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of A of FIG. 1 of a multi-angle adjusting jig for a machine tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a transverse sectional view of a second fixing mechanism of the multi-angle adjusting clamp for machine tools according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first fixing mechanism of a multi-angle adjusting jig for a machine tool according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. A support frame; 2. an angle scale; 3. a fixing plate; 4. j-shaped bent pipes; 101. a base; 102. a fixed mount; 201. a bearing; 202. a fixing hole; 203. a through hole; 204. angle scales; 301. a rotating rod; 302. fixing grooves; 303. a chute; 304. a rack; 305. a slider; 306. a four-jaw chuck; 307. a first fixing mechanism; 308. a gear; 309. clamping the strip; 310. an elastic film; 311. a first baffle plate;

312. a second fixing mechanism; 313. a second baffle.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1-10, a multi-angle adjusting clamp for a machine tool comprises a support frame 1, two angle scales 2 are fixedly connected above the support frame 1, a fixing plate 3 is arranged in the middle of the two angle scales 2, and a J-shaped bent pipe 4 is fixedly inserted into the side edge of the fixing plate 3.

Further, the supporting frame 1 includes a base 101, a fixing frame 102 is fixedly mounted on an upper surface of the base 101, and one end of the fixing frame 102 far away from the base 101 is fixedly connected with the angle scale 2.

Further, bearings 201 are fixedly installed in the middle of the opposite sides of the two angle scales 2, fixing holes 202 are evenly formed in the opposite sides of the two angle scales 2 and located on the extensions of the bearings 201, through holes 203 are formed in the extensions of the surface fixing holes 202 of the two angle scales 2, angle scales 204 are arranged on the side edges of the two angle scales 2 and located at the corresponding positions of the through holes 203, angle scales 204 are carved on the surface of the arranged angle scales 2, the angle scales 2 are fixedly installed on the fixing frame 102, bearings 201 are arranged in the middle of the angle scales 2, the bearings 201 are connected with the side edges of the fixing plate 3 through rotating rods 301, when a workpiece needs to rotate for a certain angle, the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe 4 can be inserted into the through hole 203 on the inner side of the angle in advance, then the end of the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe 4 is inserted into the fixing groove 302 located on the side edge of the fixing plate 3, and the short end of the J-shaped bent, at this moment, the fixing plate 3 is fixed, the rotating angle is the same as the angle scale 204, the accuracy is high, the operation is simple, and the practicability is high.

Further, the side middle part fixed mounting of fixed plate 3 has a bull stick 301, and the side of fixed plate 3 just is located the top and the below of bull stick 301 and has seted up fixed slot 302, and the interior edge of fixed slot 302 is pegged graft fixedly with J type return bend 4.

Further, the middle part of the back of the fixed plate 3 is provided with a sliding groove 303, the bottom fixed mounting of the sliding groove 303 is provided with a rack 304, the inside sliding connection of the sliding groove 303 is provided with a sliding block 305, one side of the sliding block 305, which is far away from the rack 304, is fixedly provided with a first fixing mechanism 307, the inside of the first fixing mechanism 307 is provided with a gear 308, the bottom of the gear 308 is in meshing transmission with the rack 304, the outer surface of one side of the first fixing mechanism 307, which is far away from the sliding block 305, is fixedly provided with a clamping strip 309, the working end of the clamping strip 309 is fixedly clamped with the gear 308, the right side of the first fixing mechanism 307 and the extension fixed mounting of the sliding groove 303 are provided with a four-jaw chuck 306, the right end part of the sliding groove 303.

Further, the front and the back of the fixing plate 3 have similar structures, the middle of the front of the fixing plate 3 is fixedly provided with a second fixing mechanism 312, the right side of the second fixing mechanism 312 is provided with a stepped groove, the outer surface of the stepped groove is fixedly provided with an elastic membrane 310, the front of the fixing plate 3 is fixedly provided with a second baffle 313 at the right end part of the sliding groove 303, the left side of the second baffle 313 is provided with a stepped groove, the outer surface of the stepped groove is fixedly connected with the elastic membrane 310, the front and the back of the fixing plate 3 are provided with two types of chucks, the front is a stepped chuck suitable for clamping the side edge of a square workpiece at the stepped part, the elastic membrane 310 is fixedly arranged at the connection part to protect the workpiece from loss in the processing process, the back is a four-jaw chuck 306 suitable for clamping a cylindrical workpiece, the clamp can process workpieces with different shapes, and the clamping strips 309 and the gears, the gear 308 is shifted, so that the distance between the chuck and the baffle can be changed, workpieces with different lengths are processed, the universality is strong, certain practicability is realized, and a better use prospect is brought.

Further, the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe 4 is inserted into the through hole 203, the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe 4 is inserted into the fixing groove 302, the short end of the J-shaped bent pipe 4 is inserted into the fixing hole 202, and the end of the rotating rod 301, which is far away from the fixing plate 3, is fixedly connected to the bearing 201.

Further, an angle formed between two adjacent fixing holes 202 should be 10 degrees, and an angle formed between two adjacent through holes 203 should be 10 degrees.

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, identifying the type of a workpiece to be detected, clamping the side edge of a square workpiece on the front surface of a fixing plate 3, pulling out a clamping strip 309, rotating a gear 308, enabling the gear 308 to be in meshing transmission with a rack 304 to drive a second fixing mechanism 312 to move, stopping rotating when an elastic membrane 310 is in close contact with the workpiece, clamping the clamping strip 309 with the gear 308, fixing the workpiece, enabling the fixing processes of the square workpiece and the cylindrical workpiece to be the same, and respectively placing two ends of the cylindrical workpiece into four-jaw chucks 306 positioned on the right side of a first fixing mechanism 307 and the left side of a first baffle 311 for fixing;

step two: after the first step is completed, the angle scale 204 is visually observed, the fixing plate 3 is rotated to a required angle, the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe 4 is inserted into the through hole 203 on the inner side of the angle, then the end part of the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe 4 is inserted into the fixing groove 302 on the side edge of the fixing plate 3, the short end of the J-shaped bent pipe 4 is inserted into the fixing hole 202 on the inner side of the through hole 203, and at this time, the fixing plate 3 is fixed, and the rotating angle is the same as the angle scale 204;

step three: after the second step is completed, the lower surface of the base 101 of the device is fixed at a proper position on the machine tool, and the power switch of the machine tool is turned on to perform debugging and other work.

It should be noted that, when the multi-angle adjusting clamp for the machine tool is used, firstly, the type of a workpiece to be measured is distinguished, the side edge of the square workpiece is clamped on the front surface of the fixing plate 3, the clamping strip 309 is pulled out, the gear 308 is rotated, the gear 308 is meshed with the rack 304 for transmission, the second fixing mechanism 312 is driven to move, when the elastic membrane 310 is tightly contacted with the workpiece, the rotation is stopped, the clamping strip 309 is clamped with the gear 308, the workpiece is fixed, the fixing process of the square workpiece and the cylindrical workpiece is the same, two ends of the cylindrical workpiece are respectively placed into the four-jaw chucks 306 on the right side of the first fixing mechanism 307 and the left side of the first baffle 311 for fixing, secondly, the angle scale 204 is viewed, the fixing plate 3 is rotated to a required angle, the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe 4 is inserted into the through hole 203 on the inner side of the angle, then the end of the long end of the, inserting the short end of the J-shaped bent pipe 4 into the fixing hole 202 at the inner side of the through hole 203, at the moment, the fixing plate 3 is fixed, the rotating angle is the same as the angle scale 204, finally, fixing the lower surface of the base 101 of the device at a proper position on the machine tool, opening the power switch of the machine tool, debugging and the like, the angle scale 204 is carved on the surface of the arranged angle scale 2, the angle scale 2 is fixedly arranged on the fixing frame 102, the middle part of the angle scale 2 is provided with a bearing 201, the bearing 201 is connected with the side edge of the fixing plate 3 through a rotating rod 301, when a workpiece to be machined needs to rotate for a certain angle, the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe 4 can be inserted into the through hole 203 at the inner side of the angle in advance, then the end part of the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe 4 is inserted into the fixing groove 302 at the side edge of the fixing plate 3, and the short end of, the pivoted angle is the same with angle scale 204, and the degree of accuracy is higher, easy operation, and the practicality is stronger, brings better use prospect.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a anchor clamps are adjusted to multi-angle for lathe which characterized in that: including support frame (1), two angle scales (2) of top fixedly connected with of support frame (1), two the centre of angle scale (2) is provided with fixed plate (3), the side of fixed plate (3) is fixed with J type return bend (4) along pegging graft.

2. The multi-angle adjusting fixture for the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting frame (1) comprises a base (101), a fixing frame (102) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base (101), and one end, far away from the base (101), of the fixing frame (102) is fixedly connected with the angle scale (2).

3. The multi-angle adjusting fixture for the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: two the middle part fixed mounting of one side facing to of angle scale (2) has bearing (201), two one side facing to of angle scale (2) just is located the epitaxy of bearing (201) and has evenly seted up fixed orifices (202), two the surface of angle scale (2) through-hole (203) have been seted up to the epitaxy of fixed orifices (202), two the side of angle scale (2) is provided with angle scale (204) along just being located the corresponding position of through-hole (203).

4. The multi-angle adjusting fixture for the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: fixed mounting has bull stick (301) in the middle part of the side of fixed plate (3), fixed slot (302) have been seted up to the side of fixed plate (3) and the top and the below that are located bull stick (301), the interior edge of fixed slot (302) is pegged graft fixedly with J type return bend (4).

5. The multi-angle adjusting jig for the machine tool according to claim 4, wherein: a sliding groove (303) is formed in the middle of the back of the fixing plate (3), a rack (304) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the sliding groove (303), a sliding block (305) is connected to the inside of the sliding groove (303) in a sliding manner, a first fixing mechanism (307) is fixedly mounted on one side, far away from the rack (304), of the sliding block (305), a gear (308) is arranged inside the first fixing mechanism (307), the bottom of the gear (308) is in meshing transmission with the rack (304), a clamping strip (309) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of one side, far away from the sliding block (305), of the first fixing mechanism (307), the working end of the clamping strip (309) is fixedly connected with the gear (308), a four-jaw chuck (306) is fixedly mounted on the right side of the first fixing mechanism (307) and located on the extension of the sliding groove (303), and a first baffle plate (311) is fixedly mounted at the end of, the left side of the first baffle plate (311) is fixedly connected with a four-jaw chuck (306).

6. The multi-angle adjusting jig for the machine tool according to claim 4, wherein: the front of fixed plate (3) is similar with the structure at the back, the positive middle part fixed mounting of fixed plate (3) has second fixed establishment (312), the ladder recess has been seted up on the right side of second fixed establishment (312), the outer fixed surface of ladder recess installs elastic membrane (310), the front of fixed plate (3) and the right-hand member tip fixed mounting that is located spout (303) have second baffle (313), the ladder groove has been seted up in the left side of second baffle (313), the surface and elastic membrane (310) fixed connection in ladder groove.

7. The multi-angle adjusting jig for machine tools according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the long end and the through-hole (203) of J type return bend (4) are pegged graft, the long end tip and the fixed slot (302) of J type return bend (4) are pegged graft fixedly, the stub end tip and the fixed slot (202) of J type return bend (4) are pegged graft fixedly, the one end tip and the bearing (201) fixed connection of keeping away from fixed plate (3) of bull stick (301).

8. The multi-angle adjusting jig for the machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: the angle formed between two adjacent fixing holes (202) is 10 degrees, and the angle formed between two adjacent through holes (203) is 10 degrees.

9. The use method of the multi-angle adjusting clamp for the machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, identifying the type of a workpiece to be detected, clamping the side edge of a square workpiece on the front surface of a fixing plate (3), pulling out a clamping strip (309), rotating a gear (308), wherein the gear (308) is in meshing transmission with a rack (304) to drive a second fixing mechanism (312) to move, when an elastic film (310) is in close contact with the workpiece, stopping rotating, clamping the clamping strip (309) with the gear (308), fixing the workpiece, wherein the fixing processes of the square workpiece and the cylindrical workpiece are the same, and two ends of the cylindrical workpiece are respectively placed into a four-jaw chuck (306) positioned on the right side of a first fixing mechanism (307) and the left side of a first baffle plate (311) for fixing;

step two: after the first step is finished, the angle scale (204) is visually observed, the fixing plate (3) is rotated to a required angle, the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe (4) is inserted into the through hole (203) on the inner side of the angle, then the end part of the long end of the J-shaped bent pipe (4) is inserted into the fixing groove (302) on the side edge of the fixing plate (3), the short end of the J-shaped bent pipe (4) is inserted into the fixing hole (202) on the inner side of the through hole (203), at the moment, the fixing plate (3) is fixed, and the rotating angle is the same as the angle scale (;

step three: and after the second step is finished, fixing the lower surface of the base (101) of the device at a proper position on the machine tool, and turning on a power switch of the machine tool to carry out debugging and other work.