CN111014882B - Electric arc additive manufacturing method for locking pin body - Google Patents
Electric arc additive manufacturing method for locking pin body Download PDFInfo
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- CN111014882B CN111014882B CN201911307659.0A CN201911307659A CN111014882B CN 111014882 B CN111014882 B CN 111014882B CN 201911307659 A CN201911307659 A CN 201911307659A CN 111014882 B CN111014882 B CN 111014882B
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- locking pin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
- B23K9/044—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3073—Fe as the principal constituent with Mn as next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
Abstract
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of a locking pin body by electric arc additive, which selects a steel plate as a substrate and selects a metal powder core type seamless flux-cored wire as a wire material; constructing a three-dimensional CAD model of a part, layering and dispersing a grid model of the part into a series of two-dimensional contour data according to a certain thickness, and then generating a robot forming path based on the contour data; pre-treating a substrate, selecting a CMT cold metal transition arc additive manufacturing system, and cladding and stacking layer by layer from bottom to top according to a forming path to finally obtain a locking pin body solid part; and tempering and heat treating the manufactured locking pin body by using a heat treatment furnace. The manufacturing method adopts the CMT electric arc additive manufacturing system with extremely low heat input and the metal powder core type seamless flux-cored wire, adopts multilayer and multi-channel processes to manufacture the locking pin body, has stable electric arc, tiny molten drops, low dilution rate, bright part forming, small deformation and high size controllability in the manufacturing process, and realizes the optimization of the manufacturing process of the locking pin body and the great improvement of the material utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of manufacturing of locking pin bodies, and particularly relates to an electric arc additive manufacturing method of a locking pin body.
Background
The locking pin body is connected with parts such as a lever, a pull rod and the like by bolts, the locking pin body is complex in structure and high in precision and has higher strength requirement, the locking pin body used by the current special vehicle in service is a 40# steel die forging, the locking pin body is produced and manufactured by a machining method, deformation control is difficult in the manufacturing process, the material utilization rate is low, the processing period is long, the probability of stress concentration points is high, the fatigue performance under high load is insufficient, and the improvement of high-speed heavy-load indexes of the new-generation special vehicle cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a locking pin body electric arc additive manufacturing method, which aims to solve the technical problems that: the problems of low utilization rate of manufacturing materials of the locking pin body, multiple processing procedures, long period, large part deformation and the like are solved, and the optimization of the manufacturing process of the locking pin body and the great improvement of the utilization rate of the materials are realized.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an arc additive manufacturing method for a locking pin body, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a steel plate as a substrate, and selecting a metal powder core type seamless flux-cored wire as a wire material;
(2) constructing a three-dimensional CAD model of a part, layering and dispersing a grid model of the part into a series of two-dimensional contour data according to a certain thickness, and then generating a robot forming path based on the contour data;
(3) and (4) preprocessing a substrate.
(4) Selecting a CMT cold metal transition arc additive manufacturing system, and cladding and stacking layer by layer from bottom to top according to a forming path to finally obtain a locking pin body solid part;
(5) and tempering and heat treating the manufactured locking pin body by using a heat treatment furnace.
The metal powder core type seamless flux-cored wire comprises the following metal outer layer components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.10 percent of C, 1.40 to 1.90 percent of Mn0.50 to 0.90 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.025 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.025 percent of P, 0.10 to 0.60 percent of Cr0.17 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Cu, and the balance of Fe.
The steel plate is a 40# steel plate.
The matrix pretreatment is to fix the 40# steel plate on a working platform by screw pressing plates after sand blasting and cleaning, and preheat the steel plate to 100 ℃ by a flame gun before electric arc additive manufacturing.
The CMT cold metal transition arc additive manufacturing system comprises a CMT 4000 Advanced welder, a robot and a shielding gas.
The process involved in the arc additive manufacturing process comprises the following steps: the welding wire dry stretching device comprises current, voltage, welding wire dry stretching, inductance correction, a welding gun push angle, a wire feeding speed, a robot speed, a lap joint rate, interlayer displacement and protective gas flow, wherein the current is 180-200A, the voltage is 18-23V, the welding wire dry stretching is 12-15 mm, the inductance correction is-1.0-0, the welding gun push angle is 0-5 degrees, the wire feeding speed is 6-9 m/min, the robot speed is 30-35 cm/min, the lap joint rate is 35-40 percent, the interlayer displacement is 2-2.5 mm, and the protective gas flow is 20-25L/min.
The protective gas is a mixed gas of Ar + 10-25% of CO 2.
In the electric arc additive manufacturing process, the system for visually sensing the electric arc additive process and detecting the deposition size in real time is carried out through an infrared thermometer and a CCD (charge coupled device) camera, so that the real-time detection and feedback of the size of the deposited layer are realized.
The heat treatment specification in the step (5) is as follows: tempering for 3 hours at 580-620 ℃ and air cooling.
The purity of Ar is more than or equal to 99.99 percent, and the purity of CO2 is more than or equal to 99.8 percent.
Has the advantages that: the invention adopts a CMT arc additive manufacturing system with extremely low heat input and a metal powder core type seamless flux-cored wire to establish a three-dimensional slice model and multilayer and multi-channel arc additive process parameters, and realizes the accurate control of part deformation and forming size in the arc additive manufacturing process by detecting the visual sensing and deposition size of the arc additive process in real time through an infrared thermometer and a CCD camera. Electric arc is stable in the electric arc vibration material disk manufacturing process, adopt the metal welding wire outside, the welding wire that the flux core is inside replaces traditional coating outside, the structure of metal wire in the centre, the liquid drop that the metal liquefaction becomes can be according to the stable shaping of route of the model of building during the shaping, the liquid drop is tiny can form the efflux transition, the interlaminar dilution rate is low, smog is few, it is little to splash, part shaping efficiency is high, the outward appearance is bright, the deformation is little, the shaping size controllability is high, avoid influencing 3D printing part shaping and can not reach the expectation because of the unbalance of thermal output, the optimization of shutting pin body manufacturing procedure and the promotion by a wide margin of material utilization have been realized. Through test and examination, the tensile strength of the locking pin body is more than or equal to 600MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 12%, the manufacturing efficiency reaches more than 8kg/h, the machining allowance is less than or equal to 5mm, and the requirement of the technical index required by a key bearing structural member is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a metal powder cored seamless flux cored wire;
fig. 2 is a side view of a three-dimensional CAD model of a locking pin body.
FIG. 3 is a cut-away view of the orientation of the locking pin body model X, Y, Z;
fig. 4 is a diagram of a latch pin body mold forming path.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided.
Example 1
Selecting a 40# steel plate with the specification of 250 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 50mm, performing sand blasting treatment by using 40-70-mesh quartz sand, performing ultrasonic cleaning by using ethanol, and fixing the periphery of the steel plate on a working platform by using screw pressing plates. A metal powder core type seamless flux-cored wire is selected, namely, the outer layer is seamless metal, the center of the seamless flux-cored wire is wrapped by a flux core, the diameter of the flux-cored wire is 1.2mm, the cross section of the welding wire is shown in figure 1, and the metal components of the outer layer are as follows by weight percent: 0.07 of C, 1.5 of Mn, 0.50 of Si, 0.015 of S, 0.015 of P, 0.52 of Cr, 0.13 of Ti, 0.27 of Cu and the balance of Fe. The method comprises the following steps of constructing a three-dimensional CAD model of a locking pin body in a computer by using AutoCAD software, carrying out layered slicing processing and forming path planning in IungoPNT software as shown in figure 2, adopting CMT 4000 Advanced welding machine + KUKA six-axis robot manufacturing equipment as shown in figure 2, adopting a CMT + Advanced process and a Mul tiLayer process program package, and setting arc additive manufacturing process parameters: the welding wire is characterized by comprising 192A of current, 23.6V of voltage, 12mm of dry extension of a welding wire, -0.5 of inductance correction, 3 degrees of push angle of a welding gun, 7.6M/min of wire feeding speed, 35cm/min of robot speed, 35% of lap joint rate, 2mm of interlayer displacement and 25L/min of protective gas flow, wherein the protective gas is M21 mixed gas (80% Ar + 20% CO2 mixed gas, the purity of Ar is more than or equal to 99.99%, and the purity of CO2 is more than or equal to 99.8%). Preheating a No. 40 steel plate substrate by using a flame gun, measuring the surface temperature by using a handheld thermodetector to be about 100 ℃, then cladding and stacking layer by layer according to a program path from bottom to top in a robot AUT mode to obtain a locking pin blank part, tempering the manufactured locking pin at 600 ℃ for 3 hours by using a heat treatment furnace, and cooling in air to eliminate residual thermal stress. Finally, the machining is carried out according to the actual application requirements.
Through test and examination, the tensile strength of the locking pin body is 860MPa, the elongation is 16.8%, the manufacturing efficiency is more than 9.4kg/h, the machining allowance is less than or equal to 5mm, and the requirement of the technical index required by a key bearing structural member is met.
Example 2
Selecting a 40# steel plate with the specification of 250 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 50mm, performing sand blasting treatment by using 40-70-mesh quartz sand, performing ultrasonic cleaning by using ethanol, and fixing the periphery of the steel plate on a working platform by using screw pressing plates. A metal powder core type seamless flux-cored wire is selected, the diameter of the metal powder core type seamless flux-cored wire is 1.2mm, the cross section of the welding wire is shown in figure 1, and the metal powder core type seamless flux-cored wire comprises the following components: 0.07 of C, 1.5 of Mn, 0.50 of Si, 0.015 of S, 0.015 of P, 0.52 of Cr, 0.13 of Ti, 0.27 of Cu and the balance of Fe. The method comprises the steps of constructing a three-dimensional CAD model of a locking pin body by using AutoCAD software in a computer, carrying out layered slicing processing and forming path planning in IungoPNT software, and generating a KUKA robot program language. Adopting CMT 4000 Advanced welding machine + KUKA six-axis robot manufacturing equipment, adopting CMT + Advanced process and MultiLayer process program package, importing and perfecting program language, and setting electric arc additive manufacturing process parameters: the welding wire is characterized by comprising 196A of current, 18.6V of voltage, 15mm of dry extension of a welding wire, 1.0 of inductance correction, 0 degree of push angle of a welding gun, 6.8M/min of wire feeding speed, 30cm/min of robot speed, 40 percent of lap joint rate, 2.5mm of interlayer displacement and 20L/min of protective gas flow, wherein the protective gas is M21 mixed gas (85 percent of Ar +15 percent of CO2 mixed gas, the purity of Ar is more than or equal to 99.99 percent, and the purity of CO2 is more than or equal to 99.8 percent). And then cladding and accumulating layer by layer from bottom to top according to a program path in an AUT mode of a robot to obtain a locking pin body blank part, tempering the manufactured locking pin body at 580 ℃ for 3 hours by adopting a heat treatment furnace, and air cooling. Finally, the machining is performed according to application requirements.
Through test and examination, the tensile strength of the locking pin body is 820MPa, the elongation is 16%, the manufacturing efficiency is more than 8.5kg/h, and the machining allowance is less than or equal to 5 mm.
Example 3
Selecting a 40# steel plate with the specification of 250 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 50mm, performing sand blasting treatment by using 40-70-mesh quartz sand, performing ultrasonic cleaning by using ethanol, and fixing the periphery of the steel plate on a working platform by using screw pressing plates. A metal powder core type seamless flux-cored wire is selected, the diameter of the metal powder core type seamless flux-cored wire is 1.2mm, the cross section of the welding wire is shown in figure 1, and the metal powder core type seamless flux-cored wire comprises the following components: 0.07 of C, 1.5 of Mn, 0.50 of Si, 0.015 of S, 0.015 of P, 0.52 of Cr, 0.13 of Ti, 0.27 of Cu and the balance of Fe. The method comprises the steps of constructing a three-dimensional CAD model of a locking pin body in a computer by using AutoCAD software, carrying out hierarchical slicing processing and shaping path planning in IungoPNT software as shown in figure 2, and generating a KUKA robot program language as shown in figure 2. Adopting CMT 4000 Advanced welding machine + KUKA six-axis robot manufacturing equipment, adopting CMT + Advanced process and MultiLayer process program package, importing and perfecting program language, and setting electric arc additive manufacturing process parameters: the welding wire is subjected to current 182A, voltage is 30V, the dry extension of the welding wire is 12mm, inductance correction is 0, the welding gun pushing angle is 5 degrees, the robot speed is 35cm/min, the overlapping rate is 35 percent, the interlayer displacement is 2mm, the protective gas flow is 22L/min, and the protective gas is M21 mixed gas (75 percent of Ar +25 percent of CO2 mixed gas, the Ar purity is more than or equal to 99.99 percent, and the CO2 purity is more than or equal to 99.8 percent); the wire feeding speed of the 1 st layer is set to be 9m/min, the wire feeding speed of the 2 nd to 3 rd layers is set to be 8.5m/min, and the wire feeding speed of the layer above the 4 th layer is set to be 7.6 m/min. And then cladding and accumulating layer by layer from bottom to top according to a program path in an AUT mode of a robot to obtain a blank part of the locking pin body, tempering the manufactured locking pin body at 620 ℃ for 3 hours by adopting a heat treatment furnace, and air cooling. Finally, the machining is performed according to application requirements.
Through test and examination, the tensile strength of the locking pin body is 920MPa, the elongation is 18.6%, the manufacturing efficiency reaches more than 8.6kg/h, and the machining allowance is less than or equal to 5 mm.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A locking pin body arc additive manufacturing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a steel plate as a substrate, and selecting a metal powder core type seamless flux-cored wire as a wire material; the metal powder core type seamless flux-cored wire comprises the following metal outer layer components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.10 percent of C, 1.40 to 1.90 percent of Mn0.50 to 0.90 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.025 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.025 percent of P, 0.10 to 0.60 percent of Cr0.17 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Cu, and the balance of Fe;
(2) constructing a three-dimensional CAD model of a part, layering and dispersing a grid model of the part into a series of two-dimensional contour data according to a certain thickness, and then generating a robot forming path based on the contour data;
(3) pre-treating a substrate;
(4) selecting a CMT cold metal transition arc additive manufacturing system, and cladding and stacking layer by layer from bottom to top according to a forming path to finally obtain a locking pin body solid part; the involved process comprises the following steps: the welding wire dry stretching device comprises a current, a voltage, a welding wire dry stretching, an inductance correction, a welding gun push angle, a wire feeding speed, a robot speed, an overlap ratio, an interlayer displacement and a protective gas flow, wherein the current is 180-200A, the voltage is 18-23V, the welding wire dry stretching is 12-15 mm, the inductance correction is-1.0-0, the welding gun push angle is 0-5 degrees, the wire feeding speed is 6-9 m/min, the robot speed is 30-35 cm/min, the overlap ratio is 35-40%, the interlayer displacement is 2-2.5 mm, and the protective gas flow is 20-25L/min;
(5) and tempering and heat treating the manufactured locking pin body by using a heat treatment furnace.
2. The locking pin body arc additive manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein the steel plate is a 40# steel plate.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the pre-treatment of the substrate comprises sand blasting and cleaning a 40# steel plate, fixing the steel plate on the working platform by screw pressing plates, and preheating the steel plate to 100 ℃ by a flame gun before the arc additive manufacturing.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the CMT cold metal transition arc additive manufacturing system comprises a CMT 4000 Advanced welder, a robot, and a shielding gas.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the shielding gas is Ar + 10-25% CO2And (4) mixing the gases.
6. The locking pin body arc additive manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein in the arc additive manufacturing process, an infrared thermometer and a CCD camera are used for conducting arc additive process visual sensing and a real-time deposition dimension detection system, so that real-time detection and feedback of the dimension of a deposited layer are achieved.
7. The locking pin body arc additive manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein the heat treatment specification in step (5) is: tempering for 3 hours at 580-620 ℃ and air cooling.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein Ar purity is 99.99% or greater and CO is present in the additive manufacturing process2The purity is more than or equal to 99.8 percent.
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| CN111482675B (en) * | 2020-04-18 | 2022-06-17 | 南京中科煜宸激光技术有限公司 | Semi-circular arc oscillating type electric arc CMT additive manufacturing printing device |
| CN112846445B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-04-15 | 南京英尼格玛工业自动化技术有限公司 | Metal structure multilayer multi-channel composite electric arc additive manufacturing method and system |
| CN113909631B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-08-22 | 江苏烁石焊接科技有限公司 | Suspended structure material adding process with auxiliary device at tail end of robot |
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| CN101239430B (en) * | 2007-02-05 | 2010-08-25 | 天津三英焊业股份有限公司 | Technique for manufacturing flux-cored wire from disk round steel wire bar |
| CN102825401A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-12-19 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant flux-cored welding wire used for gas shielded welding |
| CN107671288B (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2020-01-24 | 武汉大学 | Additive manufacturing device and method |
| CA3029036A1 (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-12 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Method for repairing magnesium castings |
| JP6955453B2 (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2021-10-27 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Overlay welding method |
| CN110539053A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2019-12-06 | 天津大学 | Method for improving hardness of aluminum alloy CMT additive deposition part by adding Cu element |
| CN109909616B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2021-10-22 | 大连理工大学 | Stainless steel structural member additive manufacturing method and system based on low-power laser-induced TIG electric arc |
| CN110421230A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-08 | 沈阳大学 | A kind of Ultra-high strength dual phase steels CMT electric arc increasing material manufacturing technique |
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