CN111013616A - Cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents

Cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material and preparation and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111013616A
CN111013616A CN201911370202.4A CN201911370202A CN111013616A CN 111013616 A CN111013616 A CN 111013616A CN 201911370202 A CN201911370202 A CN 201911370202A CN 111013616 A CN111013616 A CN 111013616A
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carbon quantum
cobalt
quantum dot
phosphide
water
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CN111013616B (en
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窦玉江
刘言
黄慧
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Suzhou University
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Suzhou University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/14Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • B01J27/185Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with iron group metals or platinum group metals
    • B01J27/1853Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with iron group metals or platinum group metals with iron, cobalt or nickel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/39Photocatalytic properties
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B15/00Peroxides; Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof; Superoxides; Ozonides
    • C01B15/01Hydrogen peroxide
    • C01B15/027Preparation from water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/04Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C01B3/042Decomposition of water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0266Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step
    • C01B2203/0277Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step containing a catalytic decomposition step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1047Group VIII metal catalysts
    • C01B2203/1052Nickel or cobalt catalysts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material, which comprises the following steps: mixing cobalt salt, urea and carbon quantum dots in water, reacting the obtained mixed solution at the temperature of 120-150 ℃, and obtaining a cobalt salt precursor after the reaction is complete; calcining the cobalt salt precursor and the hypophosphite at the temperature of 250-350 ℃ under the protective atmosphere, and obtaining the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material after complete reaction. The invention also discloses application of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite as a photolysis water catalyst, wherein the photolysis water catalyst is used under the condition of visible light. The cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite disclosed by the invention can be subjected to visible light photocatalytic water decomposition to generate hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide without a sacrificial agent.

Description

Cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material and preparation and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite material, in particular to a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material, and preparation and application thereof.
Background
The energy problem is one of the problems to be solved in the urgent need since the twenty-first century, hydrogen energy is one of the recognized clean energy sources, and hydrogen peroxide (H)2O2) As a valuable chemical for various industriesChemical substances are mostly produced by the anthraquinone method at present. Photocatalytic hydrogen production is a promising approach to meet the growing demand for clean energy worldwide and to solve environmental problems, but most of the photocatalytic water splitting catalysts are currently available only for hydrogen production and are carried out in the presence of sacrificial agents.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite material, and preparation and application thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a preparation method of a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing cobalt salt, urea and carbon quantum dots in water, reacting the obtained mixed solution at the temperature of 120-150 ℃ (preferably 150 ℃), and obtaining a cobalt salt precursor after the reaction is completed; in the mixed solution, the concentration of cobalt salt is 0.01-0.05mol/L, the concentration of urea is 0.01-0.1mol/L, and the concentration of carbon quantum dots is 0.002-0.02 mol/L;
(2) and calcining the cobalt salt precursor and the hypophosphite at 250-350 ℃ (preferably 300 ℃) in a protective atmosphere, and obtaining the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite after complete reaction.
Further, in the step (1), the cobalt salt is one or more of cobalt nitrate, cobalt acetate and cobalt chloride, and is preferably cobalt nitrate.
In the step (1), urea is used as a pH adjuster to adjust the pH of the solution. The use of carbon quantum dots can improve the light stability of the finally synthesized composite material.
Further, in the step (1), the preparation method of the carbon quantum dot comprises the following steps:
and (3) respectively using two carbon rods as a cathode and an anode, using water as an electrolyte, applying a voltage of 30-60V (preferably 30V) to the cathode and the anode, and electrolyzing for 10-30 days (preferably 15 days) to obtain the carbon quantum dots.
Further, in the step (1), the particle diameter of the carbon quantum dot is 10nm or less.
Further, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the cobalt salt precursor to the hypophosphite is 1: 1-10.
After the treatment of the step (2), the cobalt salt is phosphated by hypophosphite to form cobalt phosphide. The cobalt phosphide is mostly used as an electro-catalytic or photocatalytic cocatalyst before, and the defect of poor photocatalytic stability of the cobalt phosphide is overcome by modifying the carbon quantum dots.
The invention also provides a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material prepared by the preparation method.
Furthermore, the particle size of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material is 1-10 μm.
The invention also discloses application of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite as a photolysis water catalyst, wherein the photolysis water catalyst is used under the condition of visible light.
Further, the photolysis water catalyst is used at 20-30 ℃.
The invention also provides a method for preparing hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide by photolyzing water, which comprises the following steps:
the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material is added into water and reacts at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ under the irradiation of visible light to obtain hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide.
Furthermore, the concentration of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material in water is 0.25-1 mg/L.
By the scheme, the invention at least has the following advantages:
according to the invention, the cobalt phosphide and the carbon quantum dot nano composite material are adopted, the carbon quantum dot is utilized to improve the photocatalytic stability of the cobalt phosphide, when the cobalt phosphide is used for photocatalytic water decomposition, a sacrificial agent is not needed, two gases of hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide can be generated simultaneously, and the cobalt phosphide can be carried out under visible light.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image and an element distribution diagram of a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite material;
FIG. 3 is a TEM image of a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite;
FIG. 4 shows the results of the yields of hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide from photocatalytic water splitting.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
1. Electrolytic method for preparing carbon quantum dots
Two carbon rods are respectively used as a cathode and an anode and are respectively placed in an electrolytic bath filled with ultrapure water, and then, a voltage of 30V is applied to the electrodes by using a direct current power supply until colorless electrolyte becomes dark solution. Then filtering with slow quantitative filter paper, centrifuging at 8000rpm for 30min, and removing precipitated graphite oxide and large graphite particles to obtain carbon quantum dot aqueous solution.
2. Synthesis of cobalt salt precursor
1.6005g of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, 0.992g of urea and 30mL of a carbon quantum dot aqueous solution (concentration: 1mg/mL) were added to 300mL of pure water, stirred for 30min, and the solution was dispensed into a 100mL reaction vessel and reacted at 150 ℃ for 12 hours. And after the temperature of the reaction liquid is reduced to room temperature, centrifugally washing the synthesized cobalt salt precursor for three times by using water and ethanol respectively, and then drying in a 70-degree oven in vacuum.
3. Phosphating of cobalt salt precursors
Respectively placing 0.1g of synthesized cobalt salt precursor and 0.835g of sodium hypophosphite at two ends of a porcelain boat, phosphorizing for 2 hours in a 300 ℃ tubular furnace in a nitrogen atmosphere, respectively centrifugally washing the product with water and ethanol for three times, and vacuum drying for 12 hours at 70 ℃ to obtain the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material.
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite, and it can be seen that the composite material has an average particle size of about 5 μm, is spherical and has a large specific surface area.
FIGS. 2A-D are elemental distribution diagrams of cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposites, respectively, FIG. A, B, C, D corresponds to selected regions in the element analysis SEM image of the nanocomposite, respectively, and FIGS. B, C and D are test results of the distribution of C, Co and P elements in the region shown in FIG. 2A, respectively, and it can be seen that the nanocomposite contains C, Co and P elements simultaneously and the elements are uniformly distributed.
FIGS. 3a and b are TEM images of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite, and FIG. b is an enlarged view of a part of the structure in FIG. a, wherein 0.28nm and 0.21nm respectively correspond to the (011) and (100) crystal planes of the cobalt phosphide and the carbon quantum dot.
Example 2
10mg of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite prepared in example 1 as a photocatalyst was added to 20mL of water, irradiated with visible light at room temperature for 12 hours, and the yields of hydrogen gas and hydrogen peroxide as products thereof were measured at different time points. The results are shown in fig. 4, where the yields of hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide are: 239 μmol/h/g and 466 μmol/h/g.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing cobalt salt, urea and carbon quantum dots in water, reacting the obtained mixed solution at the temperature of 120-150 ℃, and obtaining a cobalt salt precursor after the reaction is complete; in the mixed solution, the concentration of cobalt salt is 0.01-0.05mol/L, the concentration of urea is 0.01-0.1mol/L, and the concentration of carbon quantum dots is 0.002-0.02 mol/L;
(2) and calcining the cobalt salt precursor and the hypophosphite at the temperature of 250-350 ℃ in a protective atmosphere, and obtaining the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material after complete reaction.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the cobalt salt is one or more of cobalt nitrate, cobalt acetate and cobalt chloride.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the preparation method of the carbon quantum dot comprises the following steps:
and respectively taking two carbon rods as a cathode and an anode, taking water as electrolyte, and applying 30-60V voltage to the cathode and the anode for 10-30 days to obtain the carbon quantum dots.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the particle diameter of the carbon quantum dot is 10nm or less.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the mass ratio of the cobalt salt precursor to the hypophosphite is 1: 1-10.
6. A cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite prepared by the preparation method as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite material according to claim 6, wherein: the particle size of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material is 1-10 mu m.
8. The use of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite material of claim 6 as a photolytic water catalyst, wherein the photolytic water catalyst is used under visible light conditions.
9. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that: the photolysis water catalyst is used at 20-30 ℃.
10. A method for preparing hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide by photolyzing water is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite material as claimed in claim 6 is added into water and reacted at 20-30 ℃ under the irradiation of visible light to obtain hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116037172A (en) * 2023-01-17 2023-05-02 郑州大学 Catalyst and preparation method and application thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101294073A (en) * 2008-06-12 2008-10-29 上海交通大学 Indium phosphide fluorescence quantum pot synthesizing method
CN105016319A (en) * 2015-08-04 2015-11-04 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 Three-dimensional porous urchin-like cobalt phosphide as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN107195465A (en) * 2017-06-01 2017-09-22 上海应用技术大学 A kind of carbon quantum dot cobaltosic oxide combination electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN107245727A (en) * 2017-05-09 2017-10-13 南昌航空大学 A kind of preparation method of porous phosphatization cobalt nanowire catalyst
CN110028052A (en) * 2019-05-07 2019-07-19 中南大学 A method of hollow structure material is prepared based on carbon quantum dot template

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101294073A (en) * 2008-06-12 2008-10-29 上海交通大学 Indium phosphide fluorescence quantum pot synthesizing method
CN105016319A (en) * 2015-08-04 2015-11-04 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 Three-dimensional porous urchin-like cobalt phosphide as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN107245727A (en) * 2017-05-09 2017-10-13 南昌航空大学 A kind of preparation method of porous phosphatization cobalt nanowire catalyst
CN107195465A (en) * 2017-06-01 2017-09-22 上海应用技术大学 A kind of carbon quantum dot cobaltosic oxide combination electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN110028052A (en) * 2019-05-07 2019-07-19 中南大学 A method of hollow structure material is prepared based on carbon quantum dot template

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116037172A (en) * 2023-01-17 2023-05-02 郑州大学 Catalyst and preparation method and application thereof

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