CN111013616A - Cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents
Cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material and preparation and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111013616A CN111013616A CN201911370202.4A CN201911370202A CN111013616A CN 111013616 A CN111013616 A CN 111013616A CN 201911370202 A CN201911370202 A CN 201911370202A CN 111013616 A CN111013616 A CN 111013616A
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical compound [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000015843 photosynthesis, light reaction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940011182 cobalt acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(II) acetate Chemical compound [Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C2=NNN=N2)=C1 KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/185—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with iron group metals or platinum group metals
- B01J27/1853—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with iron group metals or platinum group metals with iron, cobalt or nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B15/00—Peroxides; Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof; Superoxides; Ozonides
- C01B15/01—Hydrogen peroxide
- C01B15/027—Preparation from water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C01B3/042—Decomposition of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0266—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step
- C01B2203/0277—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step containing a catalytic decomposition step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
- C01B2203/1052—Nickel or cobalt catalysts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material, which comprises the following steps: mixing cobalt salt, urea and carbon quantum dots in water, reacting the obtained mixed solution at the temperature of 120-150 ℃, and obtaining a cobalt salt precursor after the reaction is complete; calcining the cobalt salt precursor and the hypophosphite at the temperature of 250-350 ℃ under the protective atmosphere, and obtaining the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material after complete reaction. The invention also discloses application of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite as a photolysis water catalyst, wherein the photolysis water catalyst is used under the condition of visible light. The cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite disclosed by the invention can be subjected to visible light photocatalytic water decomposition to generate hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide without a sacrificial agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite material, in particular to a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material, and preparation and application thereof.
Background
The energy problem is one of the problems to be solved in the urgent need since the twenty-first century, hydrogen energy is one of the recognized clean energy sources, and hydrogen peroxide (H)2O2) As a valuable chemical for various industriesChemical substances are mostly produced by the anthraquinone method at present. Photocatalytic hydrogen production is a promising approach to meet the growing demand for clean energy worldwide and to solve environmental problems, but most of the photocatalytic water splitting catalysts are currently available only for hydrogen production and are carried out in the presence of sacrificial agents.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite material, and preparation and application thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a preparation method of a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing cobalt salt, urea and carbon quantum dots in water, reacting the obtained mixed solution at the temperature of 120-150 ℃ (preferably 150 ℃), and obtaining a cobalt salt precursor after the reaction is completed; in the mixed solution, the concentration of cobalt salt is 0.01-0.05mol/L, the concentration of urea is 0.01-0.1mol/L, and the concentration of carbon quantum dots is 0.002-0.02 mol/L;
(2) and calcining the cobalt salt precursor and the hypophosphite at 250-350 ℃ (preferably 300 ℃) in a protective atmosphere, and obtaining the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite after complete reaction.
Further, in the step (1), the cobalt salt is one or more of cobalt nitrate, cobalt acetate and cobalt chloride, and is preferably cobalt nitrate.
In the step (1), urea is used as a pH adjuster to adjust the pH of the solution. The use of carbon quantum dots can improve the light stability of the finally synthesized composite material.
Further, in the step (1), the preparation method of the carbon quantum dot comprises the following steps:
and (3) respectively using two carbon rods as a cathode and an anode, using water as an electrolyte, applying a voltage of 30-60V (preferably 30V) to the cathode and the anode, and electrolyzing for 10-30 days (preferably 15 days) to obtain the carbon quantum dots.
Further, in the step (1), the particle diameter of the carbon quantum dot is 10nm or less.
Further, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the cobalt salt precursor to the hypophosphite is 1: 1-10.
After the treatment of the step (2), the cobalt salt is phosphated by hypophosphite to form cobalt phosphide. The cobalt phosphide is mostly used as an electro-catalytic or photocatalytic cocatalyst before, and the defect of poor photocatalytic stability of the cobalt phosphide is overcome by modifying the carbon quantum dots.
The invention also provides a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material prepared by the preparation method.
Furthermore, the particle size of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material is 1-10 μm.
The invention also discloses application of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite as a photolysis water catalyst, wherein the photolysis water catalyst is used under the condition of visible light.
Further, the photolysis water catalyst is used at 20-30 ℃.
The invention also provides a method for preparing hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide by photolyzing water, which comprises the following steps:
the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material is added into water and reacts at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ under the irradiation of visible light to obtain hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide.
Furthermore, the concentration of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material in water is 0.25-1 mg/L.
By the scheme, the invention at least has the following advantages:
according to the invention, the cobalt phosphide and the carbon quantum dot nano composite material are adopted, the carbon quantum dot is utilized to improve the photocatalytic stability of the cobalt phosphide, when the cobalt phosphide is used for photocatalytic water decomposition, a sacrificial agent is not needed, two gases of hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide can be generated simultaneously, and the cobalt phosphide can be carried out under visible light.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image and an element distribution diagram of a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite material;
FIG. 3 is a TEM image of a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite;
FIG. 4 shows the results of the yields of hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide from photocatalytic water splitting.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
1. Electrolytic method for preparing carbon quantum dots
Two carbon rods are respectively used as a cathode and an anode and are respectively placed in an electrolytic bath filled with ultrapure water, and then, a voltage of 30V is applied to the electrodes by using a direct current power supply until colorless electrolyte becomes dark solution. Then filtering with slow quantitative filter paper, centrifuging at 8000rpm for 30min, and removing precipitated graphite oxide and large graphite particles to obtain carbon quantum dot aqueous solution.
2. Synthesis of cobalt salt precursor
1.6005g of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, 0.992g of urea and 30mL of a carbon quantum dot aqueous solution (concentration: 1mg/mL) were added to 300mL of pure water, stirred for 30min, and the solution was dispensed into a 100mL reaction vessel and reacted at 150 ℃ for 12 hours. And after the temperature of the reaction liquid is reduced to room temperature, centrifugally washing the synthesized cobalt salt precursor for three times by using water and ethanol respectively, and then drying in a 70-degree oven in vacuum.
3. Phosphating of cobalt salt precursors
Respectively placing 0.1g of synthesized cobalt salt precursor and 0.835g of sodium hypophosphite at two ends of a porcelain boat, phosphorizing for 2 hours in a 300 ℃ tubular furnace in a nitrogen atmosphere, respectively centrifugally washing the product with water and ethanol for three times, and vacuum drying for 12 hours at 70 ℃ to obtain the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material.
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite, and it can be seen that the composite material has an average particle size of about 5 μm, is spherical and has a large specific surface area.
FIGS. 2A-D are elemental distribution diagrams of cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposites, respectively, FIG. A, B, C, D corresponds to selected regions in the element analysis SEM image of the nanocomposite, respectively, and FIGS. B, C and D are test results of the distribution of C, Co and P elements in the region shown in FIG. 2A, respectively, and it can be seen that the nanocomposite contains C, Co and P elements simultaneously and the elements are uniformly distributed.
FIGS. 3a and b are TEM images of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite, and FIG. b is an enlarged view of a part of the structure in FIG. a, wherein 0.28nm and 0.21nm respectively correspond to the (011) and (100) crystal planes of the cobalt phosphide and the carbon quantum dot.
Example 2
10mg of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite prepared in example 1 as a photocatalyst was added to 20mL of water, irradiated with visible light at room temperature for 12 hours, and the yields of hydrogen gas and hydrogen peroxide as products thereof were measured at different time points. The results are shown in fig. 4, where the yields of hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide are: 239 μmol/h/g and 466 μmol/h/g.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing cobalt salt, urea and carbon quantum dots in water, reacting the obtained mixed solution at the temperature of 120-150 ℃, and obtaining a cobalt salt precursor after the reaction is complete; in the mixed solution, the concentration of cobalt salt is 0.01-0.05mol/L, the concentration of urea is 0.01-0.1mol/L, and the concentration of carbon quantum dots is 0.002-0.02 mol/L;
(2) and calcining the cobalt salt precursor and the hypophosphite at the temperature of 250-350 ℃ in a protective atmosphere, and obtaining the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material after complete reaction.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the cobalt salt is one or more of cobalt nitrate, cobalt acetate and cobalt chloride.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the preparation method of the carbon quantum dot comprises the following steps:
and respectively taking two carbon rods as a cathode and an anode, taking water as electrolyte, and applying 30-60V voltage to the cathode and the anode for 10-30 days to obtain the carbon quantum dots.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the particle diameter of the carbon quantum dot is 10nm or less.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the mass ratio of the cobalt salt precursor to the hypophosphite is 1: 1-10.
6. A cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite prepared by the preparation method as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite material according to claim 6, wherein: the particle size of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nano composite material is 1-10 mu m.
8. The use of the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite material of claim 6 as a photolytic water catalyst, wherein the photolytic water catalyst is used under visible light conditions.
9. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that: the photolysis water catalyst is used at 20-30 ℃.
10. A method for preparing hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide by photolyzing water is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the cobalt phosphide and carbon quantum dot nanocomposite material as claimed in claim 6 is added into water and reacted at 20-30 ℃ under the irradiation of visible light to obtain hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide.
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CN116037172A (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-05-02 | 郑州大学 | Catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
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