CN111012287A - Endoscope and transmission mechanism thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an endoscope and a transmission mechanism thereof, wherein the transmission mechanism can be used for driving a forceps lifting device of the endoscope to lift and return, the transmission mechanism comprises a rotating wheel, a driven gear and a rack, the rotating wheel can rotate around the center of the rotating wheel, and the outer edge of the rotating wheel is provided with a latch; the driven gear is meshed with the latch to follow the rotating wheel; the rack can be used for being connected with a forceps lifting device of the endoscope; the rack is meshed with the driven gear to follow the driven gear, so that the clamp lifting device is driven to lift and return. Drive mechanism is at the drive in-process, and runner and driven gear all rotate around the center of self, and in the limited space of endoscope, driven gear can not occupy great rotation space to avoid drive mechanism and other parts to take place the condition of interfering, driven gear simultaneously effectively with runner and rack cooperation, still can effectively avoid the production of each part card dead condition among the drive in-process, guarantee the drive mechanism drive and lift the flexibility of pincers ware, ensure going on smoothly of endoscope operation.

Description

Endoscope and transmission mechanism thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to an endoscope and a transmission mechanism thereof.

Background

An endoscope is a commonly used medical apparatus, which can enter into the body of a patient through a natural duct of the human body or through an incision formed by operation, so that medical staff can observe the lesion site in the body and perform treatment in a targeted manner.

In certain targeted procedures, an endoscope is often required to cooperate with a surgical instrument, such as a biopsy forceps, to remove the diseased tissue. The endoscope is internally provided with a channel for surgical instruments to pass through, and the channel is internally provided with a forceps lifting device for driving the surgical instruments to lift.

At present, the inside of the endoscope drives the forceps raising device to move through a link mechanism. Specifically, in the link mechanism, the manual shift lever and the rotating wheel rotate integrally to drive the connecting rod connected with the rotating wheel, so that the connecting rod pushes the straight rod connected with the connecting rod, and the movement of the forceps lifting device is realized through the linear driving of the straight rod.

Although the link mechanism can lift and return the forceps device, in the driving process, the link mechanism needs to be hinged with the rotating wheel and the straight rod. The connecting rod is hinged with the rotating wheel and the straight rod respectively, and when the circular motion of the rotating wheel is converted into the linear motion of the straight rod, the connecting rod needs a larger rotating space. In the limited inner space of the endoscope, the connecting rod is easy to interfere with other parts in the moving process, so that the connecting rod is blocked and even deformed and broken, thereby influencing the smooth operation of the endoscope.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem that in the endoscope in the prior art, a connecting rod of a connecting rod mechanism for driving a forceps lifter is easy to be blocked, even deformed and broken in the moving process, so that the smooth operation of the endoscope is influenced.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a transmission mechanism of an endoscope, which can be used for driving a forceps raising device of the endoscope to be raised and returned, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a rotating wheel, a driven gear and a rack, the rotating wheel is arranged in a shell of the endoscope, the rotating wheel can rotate around the center of the rotating wheel, and the outer edge of the rotating wheel is provided with a latch; the driven gear is meshed with the latch on the outer edge of the rotating wheel so as to follow the rotating wheel; the rack can be used for being connected with a forceps lifting device of the endoscope; the rack is meshed with the driven gear to follow the driven gear, so that the clamp lifting device is driven to lift and return.

Optionally, the transmission mechanism further comprises a transition gear, and the driven gear is meshed with the latch of the rotating wheel through the transition gear; the transition gear is respectively meshed with the clamping teeth of the rotating wheel and the driven gear so as to drive the driven gear to rotate when the rotating wheel rotates.

Optionally, the driven gear has an outer diameter greater than an outer diameter of the transition gear.

Optionally, the transmission mechanism further comprises a guide rail fixed inside the housing of the endoscope; the extending direction of the guide track is consistent with the moving direction of the rack; the inside of the guide rail is provided with an accommodating cavity, the rack is movably arranged in the accommodating cavity, and one side of the guide rail is provided with an opening for the tooth part of the rack to pass through and be meshed with the driven gear.

Optionally, the rotating wheel, the driven gear and the rack are all plastic parts.

The invention also provides an endoscope, which comprises an operating part and an inserting part connected with the operating part, and also comprises the transmission mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism is arranged in the shell of the operating part; the endoscope also comprises a forceps lifting device, the forceps lifting device is arranged in the inserting piece, and a rack of the transmission mechanism is connected with the forceps lifting device so as to drive the forceps lifting device to lift and return.

Optionally, the endoscope further comprises a pull cord, and the rack is fixed with the forceps raising device through the pull cord.

Optionally, the endoscope further comprises a sleeve member, the interior of the sleeve member being hollow; the casing piece is fixed inside the casing of the operating piece, and the pull rope penetrates through the casing piece.

Optionally, the sleeve member is a spring sleeve or a stainless steel capillary.

Optionally, the endoscope further comprises a spring sleeve fixed inside the housing of the operation element, the pull cord passing through the spring sleeve.

Optionally, the endoscope further comprises a shifting lever, and the shifting lever is fixed with a rotating wheel of the transmission mechanism so as to control the rotating wheel to rotate.

According to the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

in the endoscope and the transmission mechanism thereof, the driven gear is meshed with the latch on the outer edge of the rotating wheel, so that the driven gear follows the rotation of the rotating wheel, and the rotating driven gear drives the rack meshed with the driven gear to do linear motion, so that the rack drives the forceps lifter, and the lifting and returning of the forceps lifter are realized. Drive mechanism is at the drive in-process, and runner and driven gear all rotate around the center of self, and in the limited space of endoscope, driven gear can not occupy great rotation space to avoid drive mechanism and other parts to take place the condition of interfering, driven gear simultaneously effectively with runner and rack cooperation, still can effectively avoid the production of each part card dead condition among the drive in-process, guarantee the drive mechanism drive and lift the flexibility of pincers ware, ensure going on smoothly of endoscope operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of an embodiment of the endoscope of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a transmission mechanism in the endoscope shown in fig. 1.

The reference numerals are explained below: 100. an endoscope; 10. an operating member; 11. a housing; 20. a transmission mechanism; 21. a rotating wheel; 211. clamping teeth; 22. a driven gear; 23. a rack; 24. a transition gear; 25. a guide rail; 251. an accommodating cavity; 30. a mounting seat; 40. a deflector rod; 50. a sleeve member.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments that embody features and advantages of the invention are described in detail below in the specification. It is to be understood that the invention is capable of other embodiments and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention and the description and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.

For further explanation of the principles and construction of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

For the purpose of the following description, unless otherwise specified, the endoscope of the present application is used with the end near the health care provider being the proximal end and the end away from the health care provider being the distal end, regardless of the location of the endoscope.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an endoscope 100 for observing pathological changes in organs of a human body and for extracting pathological changes in the patient's body in cooperation with an associated surgical instrument, such as a biopsy forceps, is provided. The endoscope 100 can be used for an endoscopic operation of the duodenum, and is used as a duodenoscope.

The endoscope 100 of the present embodiment includes an operation element 10 and an insertion member (not shown) connected and fixed to the operation element 10, and the operation element 10 includes a housing 11 and a control portion (not shown) provided on the housing 11. In this embodiment, the insert includes a connecting portion, a bent portion, and a head end portion. Wherein the connecting part is fixed with the operating part 10, the bending part is connected with the connecting part, and the head end part is arranged at one end of the bending part departing from the connecting part.

The head end portion comprises a camera (not shown) for collecting images of organs or tissues in the body of the patient so that medical staff can know the pathological changes in the body of the patient. The bending portion is in the form of an elongated tube, which may be made of a flexible material to allow for proper bending. In the actual use process of the endoscope 100, the insertion member enters the inside of the human body, and the medical staff can make the bending portion of the insertion member follow the bending of the human body channel by operating the control portion of the operation member 10, and make the head end portion close to the lesion part, thereby realizing the acquisition of the lesion image inside the human body by the camera, and effectively matching with the surgical instrument to take out the lesion tissue.

In the present embodiment, the endoscope 100 further includes a forceps lifter (not shown) and a pull cord (not shown). The head end portion of this embodiment is provided with an installation space and a rope passage communicating with the installation space, the rope passage communicating with the inside of the bent portion. A forceps raising device is rotatably arranged in the installation space and is used for carrying surgical instruments. The pull rope is a steel wire rope with certain hardness, and the pull rope is arranged in the pull rope channel in a penetrating mode so as to be fixed with the forceps lifting device.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the endoscope 100 of the present embodiment further includes a transmission mechanism 20, and the transmission mechanism 20 is provided inside the housing 11 of the operating member 10, and the transmission mechanism 20 is used for driving the raising and returning of the forceps raising device. It is understood that, in the endoscope 100, the transmission mechanism 20 can drive other components in addition to the forceps raising device, such as the bending angle of the bending portion can be adjusted and controlled.

Specifically, the transmission mechanism 20 includes a wheel 21, a driven gear 22, and a rack 23. The runner 21 is rotatably provided in the housing 11 of the operating member 10, the runner 21 being rotatable about its centre, and the outer edge thereof being provided with a latch 211. The driven gear 22 is engaged with a latch 211 at an outer edge of the rotary wheel 21 to follow the rotary wheel 21. The rack 23 is fixed with the clamp lifter through a pull rope, and the rack 23 is meshed with the driven gear 22 to follow the driven gear 22 so as to drive the clamp lifter to be lifted and returned.

In the present embodiment, the endoscope 100 further comprises a mounting seat 30, the mounting seat 30 being fixed in the housing 11 of the operation element 10 for fitting the transmission mechanism 20. The wheel 21 is rotatably provided on the mounting seat 30 to be arranged in the housing 11 of the operating member 10, the wheel 21 being rotatable along its own center. The endoscope 100 of the present embodiment further includes a shift lever 40, one end of the shift lever 40 is fixed to the rotary wheel 21, and the other end thereof extends outward from the housing 11 of the operating member 10.

The portion of the shifting lever 40 extending out of the housing 11 is used for contacting with the fingers of the medical staff, and the contact end of the shifting lever 40 is provided with concave-convex lines to increase the friction force of the end of the shifting lever 40 contacting with the fingers, so that the medical staff can control the shifting lever 40 conveniently. When the shift lever 40 is shifted, the rotating wheel 21 rotates around its own center to drive the driven gear 22 to rotate, so that the rack 23 makes a linear motion to drive the lifting pincer to be lifted and returned.

The outer edge of the rotor 21 of the present embodiment is provided with a latch 211, and the latch 211 is used for engaging with the driven gear 22. In the present embodiment, the rotor 21 has a circular shape, and the arc region of the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 21 is provided with a latch 211. The rotation angle of the rotating wheel 21 and the arc length occupied by the latch 211 are all related to the stroke of the linear motion of the rack 23, as long as the effective lifting and returning of the caliper lifting device can be controlled.

Further, the driven gear 22 of the present embodiment is rotatably disposed on the mounting seat 30, and the driven gear 22 is engaged with the latch 211 on the outer edge of the runner 21 to realize the driving of the runner 21 to the driven gear 22. The driven gear 22 is rotatable about its own center by the drive of the runner 21. The driven gear 22 can be directly engaged with the latch 211 on the outer edge of the rotating wheel 21, or indirectly engaged with the latch 211 on the outer edge of the rotating wheel 21 through the transition of relevant parts.

For the direct engagement of the driven gear 22 and the latch 211 on the outer edge of the runner 21, the driven gear 22 is disposed on the side of the runner 21 where the latch 211 is disposed, and the peripheral side tooth part of the driven gear 22 is directly engaged with the latch 211, so as to realize the rotation of the driven gear 22 following the runner 21.

Specifically, when the poking rod 40 is poked to the proximal end to rotate the rotating wheel 21 clockwise in the view direction of the drawings, the driven gear 22 directly meshed with the rotating wheel 21 rotates anticlockwise relatively, so that the rack 23 moves linearly towards the proximal end of the endoscope 100 to pull the pull rope to lift the forceps-lifting device; when the dial 40 is toggled to the distal end to rotate the wheel 21 counterclockwise, the driven gear 22 directly engaged with the wheel 21 rotates clockwise, so that the rack 23 moves linearly toward the distal end of the endoscope 100 to push the pull cord to return the forceps raising device.

Through the direct engagement of the rotating wheel 21 and the driven gear 22, the driven gear 22 can rapidly follow the rotation of the rotating wheel 21, so that the medical staff can effectively adjust the angle of the forceps holder aiming at the pathological tissue, the surgical instrument on the forceps holder can clamp the pathological tissue in a targeted manner, and the smooth operation of the endoscope 100 is ensured.

In the present embodiment, the transmission mechanism 20 further includes a transition gear 24, the driven gear 22 is engaged with the latch 211 of the runner 21 through the transition gear 24, and the transition gear 24 is rotatably disposed on the mounting seat 30.

Specifically, a transition gear 24 is provided between the runner 21 and the driven gear 22, the transition gear 24 being engaged with the dog teeth 211 of the runner 21 and the driven gear 22, respectively. When the wheel 21 rotates around its own center, the wheel 21 can drive the transition gear 24 engaged with it to rotate. The transition gear 24 is rotatable about its own center by the drive of the runner 21. The transition gear 24 drives the driven gear 22 to rotate, so that the driven gear 22 follows the rotating wheel 21 to rotate. The driven gear 22 rotates to drive the rack 23 to do linear motion, so that the pulling rope drives the forceps raising device to raise and return.

With the transmission mechanism 20 of the present embodiment, when the dial 40 is pulled to the far end in the view direction of the drawings, so as to rotate the rotating wheel 21 counterclockwise, the rotating wheel 21 drives the transition gear 24 directly engaged therewith to rotate clockwise relatively, so that the transition gear 24 drives the driven gear 22 to rotate counterclockwise, so as to make the rack 23 move linearly toward the proximal end of the endoscope 100, so as to pull the pull rope to lift the forceps.

When the dial 40 is dialed to the proximal end to rotate the rotary wheel 21 clockwise, the rotary wheel 21 drives the transition gear 24 directly engaged therewith to rotate counterclockwise, so that the transition gear 24 drives the driven gear 22 to rotate clockwise, so that the rack 23 moves towards the distal end of the endoscope 100 to push the pull rope to return the forceps raising device.

The transition gear 24 is used for realizing the meshing between the rotating wheel 21 and the driven gear 22, compared with the arrangement of direct meshing between the rotating wheel 21 and the driven gear 22, the shifting direction of the shifting rod 40 can be switched under the action of the transition gear 24, the shifting rod 40 is shifted to the far end to lift the forceps lifting device, the shifting rod 40 is shifted to the near end to return the forceps lifting device, and the shifting mode of the shifting rod 40 is more suitable for the conventional operation mode of medical staff.

Therefore, for the endoscope 100 of the present embodiment, when the medical staff uses the endoscope 100, the medical staff can continue to operate the endoscope 100 of the present embodiment according to the habit of operating the forceps raising device of the existing endoscope 100 without changing the toggle manner of the toggle lever 40, so that the endoscope 100 better conforms to the operation of the medical staff on the basis of the change of the internal transmission mechanism 20, and the operation of the endoscope 100 is facilitated to be smoothly performed.

In the present embodiment, the outside diameter of the transition gear 24 is smaller than the outside diameter of the driven gear 22. When the rotating wheel 21 rotates to drive the transition gear 24 to rotate, the transition gear 24 can drive the driven gear 22 to rotate, the rotation angles of the driven gear 22 and the transition gear 24 are the same, the arc length of the driven gear 22 with the larger outer diameter is larger than that of the transition gear 24, so that the driven gear 22 drives the rack 23 to move for a longer distance, the effective control of the caliper lifting device on the pulling distance is further realized, and the flexibility of the caliper lifting device in operation is improved.

It will be appreciated that, depending on the actual amount of travel of the forceps holder during a particular use of the endoscope 100, the transition gear 24 and the driven gear 22 may also be configured to have equal outer diameters, or the transition gear 24 may be configured to have a smaller outer diameter than the driven gear 22.

Further, the rack 23 of the embodiment converts the circular motion of the wheel 21 around itself into a linear motion under the driving of the driven gear 22, so as to realize the control of the lifting and returning of the pincer lifter by the pull rope.

In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 20 further comprises a guide track 25, the guide track 25 being fixed inside the housing 11 of the operating member 10, the guide track 25 extending in the same direction as the direction of movement of the rack 23.

The guide rail 25 of the present embodiment is provided inside with a receiving chamber 251, and the rack 23 is movably disposed in the receiving chamber 251. The arrangement of the guide rail 25 can control the rack 23 to move along a straight line, so that the rack 23 can control the forceps lifting device through the pull rope along the straight line direction, the deviation of an angle of the forceps lifting device in the working process is avoided, and the surgical instrument on the forceps lifting device can be guaranteed to accurately clamp the lesion tissues in the patient body.

The guide rail 25 is disposed at one side of the transition gear 24 and the driven gear 22, and an opening is formed on a side wall of the guide rail 25 adjacent to the driven gear 22. The toothed portion of the rack 23 may be engaged with the driven gear 22 through an opening on the side wall of the guide rail 25 so that the rack 23 follows the driven gear 22.

The rack 23 moves linearly under the action of the guide rail 25, and the stretching fixed with the rack 23 can pull or push the forceps lifter linearly so as to lift and return the forceps lifter, so that the surgical instrument on the forceps lifter rotates, and the diseased region is effectively positioned and detected.

Further, the endoscope 100 of the present embodiment further includes a sleeve member 50. The sleeve member 50 is fixed inside the housing 11 of the operation element 10, and the pull cord is inserted through the sleeve member 50. In this embodiment, the sleeve member 50 may be a spring sleeve or a stainless steel capillary tube.

The spring sleeve has stronger practicality, and it can provide the removal passageway for the stay cord, prevents that the stay cord from taking place to arch up or crooked at rectilinear movement in-process, avoids the stay cord angle skew when the pincers ware is lifted in the drive, guarantees that surgical instruments accurately fixes a position to the pathological change position, ensures that endoscope 100 and surgical instruments cooperate with high efficiency.

The stainless steel capillary tube has the same function as the spring sleeve, namely, a moving channel can be provided for the pull rope, and the moving path of the pull rope is ensured. Meanwhile, the stainless steel capillary tube has good flexibility and tensile resistance, can be freely bent into various angles and curvature radiuses, and has the same flexibility and durability in all directions, so that the head end of the endoscope 100 can be effectively and accurately positioned to a diseased part in a patient body, and the efficient operation of the endoscope 100 is ensured.

In the present embodiment, the wheel 21, the transition gear 24, the driven gear 22 and the rack 23 are all plastic parts. Compared with hardware, the plastic part has high flexibility and lower cost. The endoscope 100 can be made into a disposable product while ensuring the driving action of the transmission mechanism 20. The endoscope 100 is discarded after being used once and is not used after being cleaned repeatedly, so that cross infection among patients is effectively avoided.

For the existing endoscope mentioned in the background art, when the existing endoscope is made into a disposable product, the connecting rod and the straight rod are required to be injection molded into a plastic part on the premise of controlling the cost. However, in order to ensure the stability of the structure, the rotating shaft at the hinged position of the straight rod and the connecting rod still needs to be a hardware.

The existing connecting rod mechanism needs a plastic part and a hardware part to be matched when driving the lifting clamp device, so that the straight rod and the connecting rod are easily riveted to cause the jamming of the connecting rod mechanism, the connecting rod cannot flexibly rotate, and the connecting rod can be broken.

Therefore, if the existing endoscope needs to be made into a disposable product, only the metal connecting rod is directly replaced by the plastic part on the basis of not changing the structure of the connecting rod, and the connecting rod mechanism is easy to cause jamming, even deformation and breakage in the moving process, thereby influencing the smooth operation of the endoscope. If the jamming or breaking of the connecting rod is to be avoided, the size of the connecting rod needs to be increased so as to enhance the strength. However, the size of the internal space of the endoscope is limited, and the large-size connecting rod needs a larger range of rotating space, so that the connecting rod is easy to interfere and collide with other internal structures, and the stability of the whole structure of the existing endoscope is affected.

It is thus clear that the link mechanism of the existing endoscope cannot meet the requirement of injection molding of each part of a disposable product to form a plastic part if the flexibility is ensured, and on the premise of ensuring the cost, the endoscope 100 cannot be used and then discarded in time, but if the endoscope is not cleaned completely, the cross infection of patients is easily caused.

When the endoscope 100 of the present embodiment is used, the medical staff can rotate the rotary wheel 21 by turning the shift lever 40, the rotating rotary wheel 21 drives the transition gear 24 engaged with the rotary wheel, and the transition gear 24 drives the driven gear 22 to rotate, so that the driven gear 22 follows the rotary wheel 21. The driven gear 22 can drive the rack 23 to do linear motion, so that the rack 23 drives the pulling rope, and the pulling rope pulls the forceps lifter to lift and return the forceps lifter.

For the endoscope and the transmission mechanism thereof, the driven gear is meshed with the latch on the outer edge of the rotating wheel, so that the driven gear follows the rotating wheel to rotate, and the rotating driven gear drives the rack meshed with the driven gear to do linear motion, so that the rack drives the forceps lifting device, and the lifting and returning of the forceps lifting device are realized. Drive mechanism is at the drive in-process, and runner and driven gear all rotate around the center of self, and in the limited space of endoscope, driven gear can not occupy great rotation space to avoid drive mechanism and other parts to take place the condition of interfering, driven gear simultaneously effectively with runner and rack cooperation, still can effectively avoid the production of each part card dead condition among the drive in-process, guarantee the drive mechanism drive and lift the flexibility of pincers ware, ensure going on smoothly of endoscope operation.

While the present invention has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is understood that the terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description and illustration, rather than of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A transmission mechanism of an endoscope, which can be used for driving a forceps raising device of the endoscope to be raised and returned, is characterized by comprising:

the rotating wheel is arranged in the shell of the endoscope, can rotate around the center of the rotating wheel, and is provided with latch on the outer edge;

the driven gear is meshed with the latch on the outer edge of the rotating wheel so as to follow the rotating wheel;

the rack can be used for being connected with a forceps lifting device of the endoscope; the rack is meshed with the driven gear to follow the driven gear, so that the clamp lifting device is driven to lift and return.

2. The transmission mechanism as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a transition gear through which the driven gear engages with a latch of the runner; the transition gear is respectively meshed with the clamping teeth of the rotating wheel and the driven gear so as to drive the driven gear to rotate when the rotating wheel rotates.

3. The transmission mechanism as recited in claim 2, wherein an outer diameter of the driven gear is larger than an outer diameter of the transition gear.

4. The transmission mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising a guide rail fixed inside a housing of the endoscope; the extending direction of the guide track is consistent with the moving direction of the rack; the inside of the guide rail is provided with an accommodating cavity, the rack is movably arranged in the accommodating cavity, and one side of the guide rail is provided with an opening for the tooth part of the rack to pass through and be meshed with the driven gear.

5. The transmission mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wheel, the driven gear and the rack are all plastic parts.

6. An endoscope comprising an operating member and an insert connected to the operating member, characterized in that the endoscope further comprises a transmission mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5, which is arranged inside a housing of the operating member; the endoscope also comprises a forceps lifting device, the forceps lifting device is arranged in the inserting piece, and a rack of the transmission mechanism is connected with the forceps lifting device so as to drive the forceps lifting device to lift and return.

7. The endoscope of claim 6, further comprising a pull cord, wherein the rack is secured to the forceps-lifter by the pull cord.

8. The endoscope of claim 7, further comprising a sleeve member, the sleeve member having a hollow interior; the casing piece is fixed inside the casing of the operating piece, and the pull rope penetrates through the casing piece.

9. The endoscope of claim 8, wherein the sleeve member is a spring sleeve or a stainless steel capillary tube.

10. The endoscope of claim 6, further comprising a lever secured to a wheel of the transmission mechanism to control rotation of the wheel.

Images