CN111010646A - Method and system for transparent transmission of earphone and earphone - Google Patents
Method and system for transparent transmission of earphone and earphone Download PDFInfo
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- CN111010646A CN111010646A CN202010164338.6A CN202010164338A CN111010646A CN 111010646 A CN111010646 A CN 111010646A CN 202010164338 A CN202010164338 A CN 202010164338A CN 111010646 A CN111010646 A CN 111010646A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
- H04R1/1041—Mechanical or electronic switches, or control elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/10—Details of earpieces, attachments therefor, earphones or monophonic headphones covered by H04R1/10 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/105—Manufacture of mono- or stereophonic headphone components
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for transparent transmission of an earphone and the earphone. The headset comprising a feed-forward microphone, a pass-through filter, a speaker, and a de-leakage filter, the method comprising: collecting an audio playing signal transmitted to the loudspeaker for playing, and transmitting the audio playing signal to the leakage removal filter, wherein the audio playing signal comprises an audio signal generated by superposing an environment sound signal collected by the feedforward microphone and passing through the transmission filter and an audio signal to be played; and overlapping the audio playing signal processed by the leakage removing filter with the environment sound signal collected by the feedforward microphone, and transmitting the audio playing signal to the transparent transmission filter to eliminate the leaked audio playing signal collected by the feedforward microphone and played by the loudspeaker.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of audio processing, in particular to a method and a system for transparent transmission of earphones and earphones.
Background
At present, earphones with an active noise suppression function enable users to enjoy comfortable noise reduction experience in various noisy environments such as airports, subways, airplanes, restaurants and the like, and are increasingly widely accepted by markets and customers. However, in some scenes where signals such as external voice or external environmental noise need to be received, the earphone needs to have a transparent transmission function while actively reducing noise, so that a user wearing the earphone can better receive the external voice, the external environmental noise or the external alarm sound.
However, in the transparent transmission mode of the active noise reduction earphone, the audio emitted by the speaker leaks out of the ear and is collected by the feedforward microphone of the earphone. For a half-in-ear headphone, this audio leakage can be more severe. And the feedforward microphone collects the leaked audio signal, and the audio signal enters the loudspeaker through the transmission filter. Thus, when there is audio leakage, the audio leaked from the speaker is superimposed on the ambient sound outside the ear passing through the pass filter, so that the ambient sound heard in the ear changes, that is, the ambient sound becomes loud. The leaked audio, which is emitted from the speaker and received by the feed-forward microphone, is equivalent to passing through a leakage filter, and the amplitude and the phase of the filter are different at different frequency points. Therefore, when there is audio leakage, the spectral response of the ambient sound also changes. When the leakage is serious, a sound such as howling may even be generated.
In addition, when music or voice is played, the played music or voice that is finally played on the speaker is also changed due to audio leakage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a method and a system for transparent transmission of an earphone and the earphone, aiming at solving the problem that the environmental sound is increased due to audio leakage of a loudspeaker when the traditional active noise reduction earphone is in a transparent transmission mode.
According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of unvarnished transmission to an earphone, the earphone including a feedforward microphone, an unvarnished transmission filter, a speaker, and a de-leakage filter, the method comprising: collecting an audio playing signal transmitted to the loudspeaker for playing, and transmitting the audio playing signal to the leakage removal filter, wherein the audio playing signal comprises an audio signal generated by superposing an environment sound signal collected by the feedforward microphone and passing through the transmission filter and an audio signal to be played; and overlapping the audio playing signal processed by the leakage removing filter with the environment sound signal collected by the feedforward microphone, and transmitting the audio playing signal to the transparent transmission filter to eliminate the leaked audio playing signal collected by the feedforward microphone and played by the loudspeaker.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a system for unvarnished transmission to an earphone, the earphone including a feedforward microphone, an unvarnished transmission filter, and a speaker, the system including a leakage-removing filter, an adder, and an acquisition module; the acquisition module is used for acquiring an audio playing signal transmitted to the loudspeaker for playing and transmitting the audio playing signal to the leakage removal filter, wherein the audio playing signal comprises an audio signal generated by overlapping an environment sound signal acquired by the feedforward microphone and passing through the transparent transmission filter with an audio signal to be played; the adder is used for overlapping the audio playing signal processed by the leakage removing filter with the environment sound signal collected by the feedforward microphone, and transmitting the overlapped audio signal to the transparent transmission filter so as to eliminate the leaked audio playing signal collected by the feedforward microphone and played by the loudspeaker.
According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a headset comprising at least a feed-forward microphone, a pass-through filter, a feedback microphone, a speaker, a de-leakage filter, a memory, and a processor, the memory having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the method according to the various embodiments of the present disclosure.
According to the method and the system for the transparent transmission of the earphone and the earphone, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the audio signal sent to the loudspeaker for playing is processed by a leakage-removing filter to remove the leaked audio signal played by the loudspeaker and collected by the feedforward microphone, so that the effect in the transparent transmission mode is better; and when the wearing posture of the earphone and the ear canal structure of the human ear influence the sound field in the ear, the filter coefficient of the leakage removing filter can be adjusted in time, so that the adaptive adjustment can be made in time aiming at the changed sound field environment, and the better transparent transmission effect can be achieved.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the invention may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the invention are not so limited in scope. The embodiments of the invention include many variations, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments, in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein, is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a transparent transmission mode of the earphone according to an embodiment.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a transparent transmission mode of the earphone according to another embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating leakage of audio played by the speaker to the feedforward microphone in the unvarnished transmission mode of the headset shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for transparent transmission to an earphone according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of transparent transmission to an earphone according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of transparent transmission to an earphone according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for adaptively adjusting filter coefficients of the de-leakage filter by playing an in-ear alert tone according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a method for adaptively adjusting filter coefficients of the leakage removal filter through an adaptive filter according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of a system for transparent transmission to an earphone of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be embodied as a system, apparatus, device, method, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may be embodied in the form of: entirely hardware, entirely software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software.
The principles and spirit of the present invention are explained in detail below with reference to several representative embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a transparent transmission mode of the earphone according to an embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the headset implements the pass-through process through a feed-forward path and a feedback path. In some embodiments, the headset's feedforward microphone 101a picks up ambient sound outside the headset on the feedforward path. The collected ambient sound is subjected to gain processing by an analog gain 102a and analog-to-digital conversion by a first analog-to-digital converter 103a, and then is transmitted to a first low-pass and down-sampling filter 104 a. The first low pass and downsample filter 104a can reduce the filter sampling rate, thereby reducing power consumption and filter order, and further reducing chip area to reduce cost. Subsequently, the ambient sound signal passing through the first low-pass and down-sampling filter 104a is filtered by the pass-through filter 111 to simulate the ambient sound collected by the ear microphone 101 a. The ambient signal after the transparent transmission processing is transmitted to the adder 109, and then is processed by the digital-to-analog converter 106, and then is played by the speaker 107. The pass-through filtered ambient sound played through speaker 107 approximates the ambient sound when the user is not wearing the headset.
In some embodiments, in the feedback path, the feedback microphone 101b of the earphone collects in-ear noise including an audio echo signal generated when the audio signal is played and a residual signal after air cancellation at a position inside the earphone near the ear canal. The collected in-ear noise is subjected to gain processing by an analog gain 102b and analog-to-digital conversion by a second analog-to-digital converter 103b, and then transmitted to a second low-pass and down-sampling filter 104 b. The second low pass and downsample filter 104b can reduce the filter sampling rate, thereby reducing power consumption and filter order, and further reducing chip area to reduce cost. Subsequently, the in-ear noise signal passing through the second low-pass and down-sampling filter 104b is transmitted to the adder 110. The audio signal to be played 105 is an audio signal to be transmitted to the speaker 107 for playing, and on one hand, it is transmitted to the adder 109, and after being processed by the digital-to-analog conversion of the digital-to-analog converter 106, it is played by the speaker 107; on the other hand, it is transmitted to an echo filter 112, the echo filter 112 is used to cancel the audio echo signal generated after the audio signal to be broadcast 105 is played by the loudspeaker 107, and then the audio signal to be broadcast 105 filtered by the echo filter 112 is fed to the adder 110. The adder 110 integrates the in-ear noise processed by the second low-pass and down-sampling filter 104b with the audio signal processed by the echo filter 112, so that the noise signal in the feedback path is no longer affected by the audio echo signal. The adder 110 then transmits the integrated noise signal to the feedback filter 113 for filtering to achieve feedback noise reduction. The feedback-filtered noise signal may be transmitted to the adder 109 through the limiter 108, and played back through the speaker 107 after being processed by the digital-to-analog converter 106. In some embodiments, the digital-to-analog converter 106 includes up-sampling and filtering circuitry to operate the digital-to-analog conversion process at higher frequencies; for example, when the adder 109 operates at 384kHz, the digital-to-analog conversion process of the digital-to-analog converter 106 operates at 384 × 64=24.576 MHz.
The above is a working principle of transparent transmission to the earphone based on an embodiment, and the transparent transmission function of the earphone can be realized by respectively simulating the environmental sound on the feedforward path and filtering the noise on the feedback path, so as to improve the listening effect of the earphone. Of course, for the transparent transmission mode of the earphone, as shown in fig. 2, the transparent transmission process can also be realized by only the feed-forward path.
However, the inventors of the present disclosure have found that in the headphone pass-through mode shown in fig. 1 and 2, as shown in fig. 3, the audio played by the speaker 107 leaks out of the ear and is picked up by the feedforward microphone 101a of the headphone. For a half-in-ear headphone, this audio leakage can be more severe. The leaked audio signal is collected by the feedforward microphone 101a, and then passes through the pass-through filter 111 and enters the speaker 107. On the other hand, when there is audio leakage, the audio leaked from the speaker 107 is superimposed on the ambient sound outside the ear passing through the pass filter 111, so that the ambient sound heard in the ear changes, that is, the ambient sound becomes loud. The leaked audio, which is emitted from the speaker 107 and received by the feed-forward microphone 101a, is equivalent to passing through a leakage filter, which has different amplitudes and phases at different frequency points. Therefore, when there is audio leakage, the spectral response of the ambient sound also changes. When the leakage is serious, a sound such as howling may even be generated. Also, when music or voice is played, the played music or voice that is eventually played at the speaker 107 is also changed due to audio leakage. Fig. 3 shows the situation of passing through the feedforward path and the feedback path, and the same problem exists for the transparent transmission scheme passing through only the feedforward path.
Therefore, for the earphone having the pass-through mode, a pass-through scheme is required to eliminate the audio signal leaked from the speaker 107 collected by the feedforward microphone 101 a. In addition, when the wearing posture of the earphone and the ear canal structure of the human ear affect the sound field in the ear, the filter coefficient of the leakage removing filter needs to be adjusted in time, so as to adjust the adaptability of the changed sound field environment in time, and achieve a better leakage removing and transmission effect.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for transparent transmission to an earphone according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 4, includes: step S401, collecting an audio playing signal transmitted to the loudspeaker for playing, and transmitting the audio playing signal to the leakage removing filter, wherein the audio playing signal comprises an audio signal generated by superposing an environment sound signal collected by the feedforward microphone and passing through the transparent transmission filter and an audio signal to be played; and step S402, after the audio playing signal processed by the leakage removing filter is superposed with the environment sound signal collected by the feedforward microphone, transmitting the superposed audio playing signal to the transparent transmission filter so as to eliminate the leaked audio playing signal collected by the feedforward microphone and played by the loudspeaker.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a transparent transmission scheme according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The following describes the scheme of the present disclosure for transparent transmission of earphones in detail with reference to fig. 4 and 5.
Referring to fig. 5, in contrast to the headphone perspective scheme shown in fig. 2, the present disclosure adds the audio playing signal superimposed by the adder 109, through a leakage removing filter 114, and the ambient sound signal collected by the feedforward microphone 101a and passed through the first low-pass and down-sampling filter 104a, so as to eliminate the audio signal of the leaked speaker playing signal collected by the feedforward microphone 101 a.
In another transparent transmission scheme of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 6, a feedback path shown in fig. 1 is further included, and in this embodiment, the audio playing signal transmitted to the speaker for playing further includes an in-ear noise signal collected by a feedback microphone of the earphone. At this time, the audio playing signal collected and transmitted to the leakage removing filter 114 is an audio signal generated by superimposing the environmental sound signal collected by the feedforward microphone and passing through the transparent transmission filter, the audio signal to be played, and the in-ear noise signal collected by the feedback microphone.
In some embodiments, the de-leakage filter 114 may be configured as any one of a FIR filter and an IIR filter. In the embodiment of the disclosure, when the earphone wearing posture and the ear canal structure of the human ear affect the sound field in the ear, the filter coefficient of the leakage removing filter needs to be adjusted in time, so as to adjust the adaptability of the changed sound field environment in time, and achieve a better leakage removing effect.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the filter coefficients of the leakage removal filter may be adaptively adjusted by playing an in-ear alert tone. As shown in fig. 7, includes: step S701, playing the in-ear prompt tone; step S702, determining the current audio parameters of the feedforward microphone or the feedback microphone; step S703 of determining a current filter coefficient of the leakage elimination filter based on a plurality of groups of preset audio parameters, preset filter coefficients of the leakage elimination filter associated therewith, and the determined current audio parameter; step S704, configuring the leakage removing filter with the determined current filter coefficient.
In step S701, the played in-ear alert sound includes "jingle", "sting" sound, or a low frequency signal (e.g. 10Hz, 15Hz, etc.) lower than 50Hz, and the low frequency is outside the user hearing range, so that the user experience is not affected by the interference. And, the alert tone may be played in response to detecting that the headset is in the ear, and for a duration less than 5 seconds.
In some embodiments, the signal amplitude is gradually increased when the in-ear alert tone is started to play as a low frequency signal, and gradually decreased when the play is stopped, in order to avoid "crackling" of the signal played by the speaker. When a speaker plays a low-frequency signal, the low-frequency signal is not perceived by the human ear, but the audio playing increases power consumption. To reduce power consumption, the low frequency signal may be played occasionally, such as every 2S (T1), and the audio may be played for 100ms (T2). In some embodiments, the current signal energy or transfer function is detected using T2, and if this value is different from the signal energy or transfer function corresponding to the current ANC noise reduction parameters, a longer low frequency signal may be played, enabling more accurate detection of the current signal energy or transfer function. This is because the played low-frequency signal is easily interfered by the low-frequency signal such as vibration of the earphone, and the increase of time is advantageous for reducing the interference.
In some embodiments, the playback of the in-ear alert tone and its acquisition by either the feedback microphone or the feedforward microphone may be triggered by a hardware clock, ensuring that both start or remain at a fixed time delay. Therefore, the played prompt tone and the prompt tone acquired by the microphone in the ear are ensured not to generate uncertain time delay due to circuit implementation, and further the deviation of the selection reference parameter and the finally determined current filtering parameter caused by the way is avoided as much as possible.
In step S702 of this embodiment, the current audio parameters of the feedforward microphone or the feedback microphone include: signal energy, phase and time delay of the feedforward microphone or the feedback microphone. Wherein, the signal energy is the signal energy in the time domain and/or the frequency domain of the in-ear prompting sound acquired by the feedforward microphone or the feedback microphone.
In some embodiments, the alert tone obtained by the feedforward microphone or the feedback microphone may be selected from one or more segments of the alert tone with a larger amplitude, or one or more segments of the alert tone with a better signal-to-noise ratio, which is beneficial to reduce the influence and interference of noise. In some embodiments, the signal energy of the segment before, after, or even in the middle of the playing of the alert tone, in which the component of the alert tone is extremely small or even zero, may be selected as the reference energy. The reference energy may then be subtracted from or otherwise normalized with respect to the signal energy of the alert tone to achieve calibration. The current filtering parameters of the filter are selected by using the calibrated signal energy, so that the influence of noise can be further reduced. Furthermore, in view of the fact that noise has large variation on a time domain waveform and uncertainty exists in distribution of frequency domain components, noise energy is obtained and calibration is performed according to the noise energy, operation robustness is better, and calibration effect is better. In some embodiments, the reference energy may include noise energy, but is not limited to this, and may also include a shifted baseline energy.
In some embodiments, when active feedback noise reduction is also on, the played audio is attenuated by the feedback noise reduction. For example, the feedback noise reduction is 15db at low frequency, and the feedback microphone collects the low frequency audio signal and is also attenuated by about 15 db. In order to make the low-frequency audio signal collected by the feedback microphone when the feedback noise reduction of the ANC is turned on consistent with that when the active noise reduction is turned off, the energy of the audio signal collected by the feedforward microphone needs to be normalized by using the audio signal which is output by the feedback noise reduction filter and is superposed with the audio signal to be broadcasted. That is, the signal energy is obtained by dividing the signal energy in the time domain and/or the frequency domain of at least part of the alert tone acquired by the feedback microphone by the signal energy of the alert tone played by the speaker.
In some embodiments, when switching from one set of parameters to another, such as switching from the ith set to the jth set, in order to make the switching smooth and not generate interference like "snap", the gain gj of the jth set of parameters may be made from 0 to 1; while the ith group uses gains 1-gj. gj can be obtained by passing a step response through a low-pass filter, so that gj and 1-gj can be sufficiently smooth, and the generation of similar 'snap' sound can be effectively avoided.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, in step S703, a plurality of sets of preset audio parameters and their associated preset filter coefficients of the leakage removing filter can be obtained by a pre-simulation test of an artificial ear. For example, in the case where the earphone is not placed in the artificial ear, the ambient noise signal is acquired by a feedback microphone of the artificial ear; under the condition that the earphone is placed in the artificial ear, a feed-forward microphone of the artificial ear is used for acquiring a feedback noise signal of the artificial ear, various configurations of the leakage-removing filter are adjusted to obtain an optimized transparent transmission effect, and audio parameters and optimized filter coefficients are recorded in a correlated mode to serve as a group of preset audio parameters and correlated preset filter parameters. By adjusting the wearing conditions (e.g. different wearing manners and different ear canal structures), multiple sets of audio parameters and their associated preset filter coefficients can be obtained. It should be noted that, a laboratory can provide various environmental noises, and the experiment process can be repeated by playing various environmental noises to determine the preset parameters with better transparent transmission effect.
In step S704, after the current audio parameters are obtained in step S702, the current filter coefficients of the leakage removing filter may be obtained according to multiple groups of preset audio parameters and the preset filter coefficients of the leakage removing filter associated therewith, and the leakage removing filter may be configured with the determined current filter coefficients.
In the above embodiment, the user experience can be improved by playing a short segment of the alert tone to determine the selection reference parameter, and accordingly, the computational resources and time consumed by the determination step can be reduced. And moreover, unified warning tones can be adopted during testing and practical application, so that deviation and interference caused by the difference of the warning tones in each step can be eliminated.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the filter coefficients of the de-leakage filter may be adjusted according to the adaptive echo filter. As shown in fig. 8, includes: step S801, determining, by the adaptive echo filter, a current transfer function of a transmission path from the speaker to the feedforward microphone or the feedback microphone in response to the speaker playing an audio signal; step S802, determining the current filter coefficient of the leakage removing filter of the earphone based on the preset filter coefficients of the N groups of leakage removing filters, the preset transfer function corresponding to each group of the preset filter coefficients and the current transfer function; step S803, configure the leakage removal filter with the current filter coefficient.
In this embodiment, N groups of preset filter coefficients of the leakage removing filter and N groups of preset transfer functions corresponding to the preset filter coefficients of each group are N groups of preset values obtained by placing the earphone in the ear canal of the human ear and performing measurement under different conditions (for example, different wearing manners and different ear canal structures). In some embodiments, the N sets of preset filter coefficients of the leakage removal filter and the preset transfer function corresponding to each set of preset filter coefficients are determined based on at least N different wearing manners of the earphones and the corresponding ear canal structures in each wearing manner of the earphones. Based on the fact that the product of the filter coefficient of the leakage removing filter and the transfer function of the transmission path from the loudspeaker to the feedback microphone of the earphone transparent transmission system under different conditions is relatively fixed, for example, the variation of the product within 2k frequency is not more than 1 db; whereby the above correspondence can be expressed as: current filter coefficient = current transfer function = preset filter coefficient · preset transfer function; where "-" denotes a filter cascade configured with the above-described filter coefficients and transfer function. That is, when the noise environment changes due to different wearing manners of the earphone and different ear canal structures of the human ear, the current filter coefficient of the leakage removing filter under the current condition can be determined only by determining the current transfer function of the transmission path from the speaker to the feedback microphone under the current condition with the change, in view of the fact that the preset filter coefficient and the preset transfer function are known. The leakage-removing filter coefficient in each group of preset filter coefficients is obtained by measurement based on the same earphone wearing mode and the corresponding ear canal structure under the earphone wearing mode. The filter coefficient of the leakage removing filter is adjusted, so that the transparent transmission performance of the earphone can reach the best or meet the requirement.
In some embodiments, the predetermined filter coefficients of the de-leakage filter may be determined by:
under the condition that the earphone is not placed in the artificial ear, acquiring an environmental noise signal through an in-ear microphone of the artificial ear; in the case of placing the earphone in the artificial ear, an in-ear noise signal of the artificial ear is acquired by an in-ear microphone of the artificial ear. By continuously adjusting the coefficients of the leakage-removing filter, the in-ear noise signal acquired by the in-ear microphone of the artificial ear is made to approach the ambient noise signal as close as possible. After obtaining the preset coefficients, the de-leakage filter may be configured with the preset coefficients to de-leak the leaked speaker audio signal such that the noise being played out through the pass-through filter is as close as possible to the ambient noise heard by the user when the user is not wearing the headset. It should be noted that, a laboratory may provide various environmental noises, and the predetermined filter coefficient with better leakage-removing effect (meeting the predetermined condition) may be determined by playing the various environmental noises through a trial and error experiment during the experiment.
In some embodiments, the predetermined transfer function may be determined in the same state as the predetermined filter coefficient of the leakage removal filter is obtained by:
the same state is consistent with the experimental conditions for obtaining the preset filter coefficient, and comprises the same structure of the ear canal of the artificial ear and the same position of the earphone placed in the artificial ear. The speaker plays the first audio signal in case the earpiece is placed in the artificial ear. On one hand, the first audio signal is transmitted to the adaptive echo filter, and on the other hand, the first audio signal played by the loudspeaker is reflected by the ear canal and then collected by a feedback microphone of the earphone, and then the first audio signal is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion to obtain a first audio echo signal. The adaptive echo filter is capable of determining a preset transfer function of a transmission path from a speaker of the headset to a feedback microphone of the headset under laboratory preset conditions based on the first audio signal and the first audio echo signal.
In some embodiments, the determining, by the adaptive echo filter of the headset, a current transfer function of a transmission path from the speaker to a feedback microphone of the headset may be determined by:
the user places the earpiece in the ear canal and the speaker plays the second audio signal. On one hand, the second audio signal is transmitted to the adaptive echo filter, and on the other hand, the second audio signal played by the loudspeaker is reflected by the ear canal and then collected by a feedback microphone of the earphone, and then the second audio signal is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion to obtain a second audio echo signal. The adaptive echo filter is capable of determining, based on the second audio signal and the second audio echo signal, a current transfer function of a transmission path of a speaker of the headset to a feedback microphone of the headset when the user places the headset in the ear canal and plays audio.
Thus, the preset filter coefficient of the leakage-removing filter, the preset transfer function of the transmission path from the loudspeaker to the feedback microphone, and the current transfer function of the transmission path from the loudspeaker to the feedback microphone, obtained when the user wears the headset, may be obtained by laboratory measurements based on the following correspondence: current filter coefficient current transfer function = preset filter coefficient preset transfer function, to determine the current filter coefficient of the leakage filter in the current state. In some embodiments, a preset transfer function with the highest similarity to the current transfer function may be selected from the N preset transfer functions, and the preset filter coefficient corresponding to the preset transfer function with the highest similarity may be used as the current filter coefficient. The method does not need to calculate the preset filter coefficient and the preset transfer function every time, and only needs to determine the preset transfer function with the highest similarity with the current transfer function, so that the current filter coefficient can be determined to realize the self-adaptive adjustment of the leakage-removing filter. In some embodiments, selecting the preset transfer function with the highest similarity to the current transfer function from the N preset transfer functions includes: calculating the absolute value of the difference value of the energy values of each preset transfer function and the current transfer function on each frequency point; averaging the absolute values of the difference values of the energy values on all the frequency points of each preset transfer function to obtain N average energy difference values; and determining the preset transfer function corresponding to the minimum average energy difference value in the N average energy difference values as the preset transfer function with the highest similarity. The selection of the preset transfer function with the highest similarity can be realized by calculating the energy value of the transfer function.
In the above embodiment, when noise changes due to different wearing postures and different ear canal structures, adaptive adjustment of the filter coefficient of the leakage-removing filter is performed through the adaptive filter and the transfer function, so as to achieve a better earphone transparent transmission effect.
According to the method and the system for the transparent transmission of the earphone and the earphone, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the audio signal sent to the loudspeaker for playing is processed by a leakage-removing filter to remove the leaked audio signal played by the loudspeaker and collected by the feedforward microphone, so that the effect of the earphone in the transparent transmission mode is better; and when the wearing posture of the earphone and the ear canal structure of the human ear influence the sound field in the ear, the filter coefficient of the leakage removing filter can be adjusted in time, so that the adaptive adjustment can be made in time aiming at the changed sound field environment, and the better transparent transmission effect can be achieved.
Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of a system for transparent transmission to an earphone of an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 9, the system includes an acquisition module 901, a de-leakage filter 902, and a summer 903. The acquisition module 901 is configured to acquire an audio playing signal transmitted to the speaker for playing, and transmit the audio playing signal to the leakage removing filter 902, where the audio playing signal includes an audio signal generated by superimposing an environmental sound signal acquired by the feedforward microphone and passing through the transparent transmission filter and an audio signal to be played; the adder 903 is configured to superimpose the audio playing signal processed by the leakage removing filter 902 and the ambient sound signal collected by the feedforward microphone, and transmit the superimposed audio signal to the pass-through filter to eliminate the leaked audio playing signal collected by the feedforward microphone and played by the speaker.
In some embodiments, the audio playing signal collected by the collecting module 901 further includes an in-ear noise signal collected by a feedback microphone of the earphone.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, there is also provided an earphone comprising at least a speaker, an in-ear microphone, a filter, a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the method of pass-through to an earphone according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
In some embodiments, the filter may also be implemented as executable instructions on a memory that are executable by a processor; or as hardware that is programmable (e.g., at least filter coefficients are writable), such as any of an FPGA (field programmable gate array), an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit), an SOC (system on chip), a DSP (digital signal processor) chip.
In some embodiments, the multiple sets of preset transfer functions or preset audio parameters and the preset filter coefficients of the corresponding leakage-removing filters may be obtained by testing in a laboratory in advance, and are pre-stored in the memory of the headset, for example, the memory of the headset is stored when the headset leaves a factory; the in-ear alert tone may also be preset and pre-stored on the memory. Therefore, the earphone can play uniform prompt tones, accordingly, the current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the feedback microphone is determined, or the current audio parameters of the time domain and/or the frequency domain of the prompt tones acquired by the feedforward or feedback microphone are determined to be used as selection reference parameters, and the determined selection reference parameters are compared and matched with multiple groups of pre-stored preset selection reference parameters and associated preset filter coefficients, so that the adaptive configuration of the leakage removal filter is conveniently and rapidly determined, and the transparent transmission effect under different wearing modes and different ear canal structures can be ensured. By playing a small segment of the alert tone instead of deliberately playing a longer duration audio to determine the selection reference parameter, the user experience can be improved and the computational resources and time consumed by this determination step can be correspondingly reduced. By using uniform alert tones during testing and actual application, it is helpful to eliminate the deviation and interference caused by the difference of alert tones in various steps (such as but not limited to determination of the current transfer function, determination of characteristic parameters of the alert tone acquired by the in-ear microphone in time domain and/or frequency domain, determination of current filter parameters of the filter, etc.).
In summary, in the method, the system, and the earphone for transparent transmission to an earphone disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention, an audio signal sent to a speaker for playing is passed through a leakage-removing filter to remove a leaked audio signal collected by a feedforward microphone for playing by the speaker, so that the effect in the transparent transmission mode is better; and when the wearing posture of the earphone and the ear canal structure of the human ear influence the sound field in the ear, the filter coefficient of the leakage removing filter can be adjusted in time, so that the adaptive adjustment can be made in time aiming at the changed sound field environment, and the better transparent transmission effect can be achieved.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific embodiments in the invention, and the description of the embodiments is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A method of pass-through to an earphone, the earphone including a feed-forward microphone, a pass-through filter, a speaker, and a de-leakage filter, the method comprising:
collecting an audio playing signal transmitted to the loudspeaker for playing, and transmitting the audio playing signal to the leakage removal filter, wherein the audio playing signal comprises an audio signal generated by superposing an environment sound signal collected by the feedforward microphone and passing through the transmission filter and an audio signal to be played;
and overlapping the audio playing signal processed by the leakage removing filter with the environment sound signal collected by the feedforward microphone, and transmitting the audio playing signal to the transparent transmission filter to eliminate the leaked audio playing signal collected by the feedforward microphone and played by the loudspeaker.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the audio playback signal transmitted to the speaker for playback further comprises an in-ear noise signal collected by a feedback microphone of the headset;
and transmitting an audio signal generated after the environmental sound signal collected by the feedforward microphone and passed through the transparent transmission filter, the audio signal to be broadcasted and the in-ear noise signal collected by the feedback microphone are superposed to the leakage removal filter.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising: and adaptively adjusting the filter coefficient of the leakage removing filter by playing the in-ear prompt tone.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the adaptively adjusting the filter coefficients of the de-leakage filter by playing the in-ear alert tone comprises:
playing the in-ear prompt tone;
determining a current audio parameter of the feedforward microphone or the feedback microphone;
determining a current filter coefficient of the leakage-removing filter based on a plurality of groups of preset audio parameters and associated preset filter coefficients of the leakage-removing filter and the determined current audio parameter;
configuring the de-leakage filter with the determined current filter coefficients.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the current audio parameters of the feedforward microphone or the feedback microphone comprise:
signal energy, phase and/or time delay of the feed-forward microphone or the feedback microphone.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the in-ear alert tone comprises a low frequency signal below 50 Hz.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the signal energy of the feedforward microphone or the feedback microphone is calibrated with respect to a reference energy.
8. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the headset further comprises an adaptive echo filter for canceling an audio echo signal collected by a feedback microphone of the headset;
the method for transmitting the earphone through further comprises the following steps: and adjusting the filter coefficient of the leakage removing filter according to the self-adaptive echo filter.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein said adjusting filter coefficients of said de-leakage filter according to said adaptive echo filter comprises:
determining, by the adaptive echo filter, a current transfer function of a transmission path from the speaker to the feedback microphone in response to the speaker playing an audio signal;
determining a current filter coefficient of a leakage removing filter of the earphone based on preset filter coefficients of N groups of leakage removing filters, a preset transfer function corresponding to each group of the preset filter coefficients and the current transfer function;
configuring the de-leakage filter with the current filter coefficients.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the pre-set filter coefficients of the de-leakage filter are determined by:
under the condition that the earphone is not placed in the artificial ear, acquiring an environmental noise signal through an in-ear microphone of the artificial ear;
under the condition that the earphone is placed in the artificial ear, acquiring an in-ear noise signal of the artificial ear through an in-ear microphone of the artificial ear;
determining a preset filter coefficient of the leakage removal filter satisfying a preset condition based on the ambient noise signal and the in-ear noise signal.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the predetermined transfer function corresponding to each set of the predetermined filter coefficients is determined by:
in the same state as the preset filter coefficient of the leakage-removing filter is obtained:
under the condition that the earphone is placed in the artificial ear, the loudspeaker plays a first audio signal, the first audio signal is obtained through the self-adaptive echo filter, and a first audio echo signal collected through a feedback microphone of the earphone is obtained;
determining the preset transfer function of the transmission path of the loudspeaker to the feedback microphone based on the first audio signal and the first audio echo signal.
12. The method of claim 9, wherein determining, by an adaptive echo filter of the headset, a current transfer function of a transmission path from the speaker to a feedback microphone of the headset comprises:
when the user puts the earphone into the ear canal, the loudspeaker plays a second audio signal, the second audio signal is obtained through the adaptive echo filter, and a second audio echo signal collected through a feedback microphone of the earphone is obtained;
determining the current transfer function of the transmission path of the loudspeaker to the feedback microphone based on the second audio signal and the second audio echo signal.
13. A system for transparent transmission to an earphone, the earphone comprising a feedforward microphone, a transparent transmission filter and a loudspeaker, the system comprising a leakage-removing filter, a summer and an acquisition module;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring an audio playing signal transmitted to the loudspeaker for playing and transmitting the audio playing signal to the leakage removal filter, wherein the audio playing signal comprises an audio signal generated by overlapping an environment sound signal acquired by the feedforward microphone and passing through the transparent transmission filter with an audio signal to be played;
the adder is used for overlapping the audio playing signal processed by the leakage removing filter with the environment sound signal collected by the feedforward microphone, and transmitting the overlapped audio signal to the transparent transmission filter so as to eliminate the leaked audio playing signal collected by the feedforward microphone and played by the loudspeaker.
14. A headset comprising at least a feed-forward microphone, a pass-through filter, a feedback microphone, a speaker, a de-leakage filter, a memory, and a processor, the memory having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the method according to any of claims 1-12.
Priority Applications (7)
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| CN202010164338.6A CN111010646B (en) | 2020-03-11 | 2020-03-11 | Method and system for transparent transmission of earphone and earphone |
| PCT/CN2020/082478 WO2021114514A1 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-31 | Active noise control headphones |
| US16/836,919 US10834494B1 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-01 | Active noise control headphones |
| US17/068,765 US11317192B2 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2020-10-12 | Active noise control headphones |
| US17/151,545 US11330359B2 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2021-01-18 | Active noise control headphones |
| US17/718,667 US11595748B2 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2022-04-12 | Active noise control headphones |
| US17/975,921 US11653141B2 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2022-10-28 | Active noise control headphones |
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