CN111010361B - OFDMA-based ad hoc network multi-user expansion method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to an OFDMA-based ad hoc network multi-user expansion method, belonging to the technical field of mobile terminal communication. The method has the advantages that the method realizes the multi-address transmission by seven steps, greatly improves the transmission efficiency, effectively shortens the transmission time delay, and has the advantages of inhibiting narrow-band interference, resisting the multipath effect and coping with frequency selective fading; dividing the whole bandwidth into a plurality of sub-channels with mutually overlapped sub-bands, wherein each sub-channel comprises a plurality of sub-carriers which are orthogonally modulated, each sub-channel is allocated to one user, one user can also occupy a plurality of sub-channels, and if the users in two user groups can not directly communicate with each other, the same physical resources can be independently used to form a token ring; the high-speed and smooth operation of the multi-user mobile terminal communication is ensured. The problem of prior art only one user can send data at every moment, transmission efficiency reduces along with the increase of the number of users, user transmission delay is big, hardly satisfies the high-speed, smooth and easy requirement of user to mobile terminal communication is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an OFDMA-based ad hoc network multi-user expansion method, belonging to the technical field of mobile terminal communication.
Background
In the existing Mesh ad hoc network scheme based on COFDM, each user uses all bandwidths to send information, and asynchronous communication is realized through a token ring. However, only one user in the network can send data at any time, the efficiency of the network is reduced along with the increase of the number of users, the transmission delay of the users is long, and the requirement of the current users on high speed and smoothness of mobile terminal communication is difficult to meet. In order to improve transmission efficiency and shorten time delay, it is necessary to develop an ad hoc network multi-user extension method based on OFDMA.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide an ad hoc network multi-user extension method based on OFDMA, which realizes multi-access transmission, greatly improves transmission efficiency, effectively shortens transmission delay, ensures high-speed, smooth and stable multi-user mobile terminal communication, and has the characteristics of narrow-band interference suppression, multipath effect resistance and frequency selective fading response, to overcome the defects of the prior art.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
an OFDMA-based ad-hoc network multi-user expansion method is characterized in that: the method is realized by the following steps:
1) defining a bandwidth W, and dividing the bandwidth W into N subcarriers to form an OFDM symbol; the system defines M orthogonal ZC sequences, M is greater than 128, the length of the ZC sequence is l, the M orthogonal ZC sequences are used for distinguishing each user in a cell and become a user label; the size of M determines the number of users in a cell;
2) defining a combination mode of K user tags, wherein K is more than 16, namely each user ZC sequence can be continuously transmitted for at most 5 times and at least once, and selecting 16 ZC sequences corresponding to subcarrier allocation modes according to different combination modes of transmission positions of the user ZC sequences, and calling the selected ZC sequences as resource tags; the resource label long sequence repeated for 5 times is called a synchronous sequence, each user periodically broadcasts the own synchronous sequence on a defined public broadcast channel and monitors the synchronous sequences of other users;
3) the method comprises the steps that a broadcast channel defines the length of a ZC sequence of a user and the possible duration length of each synchronous sequence according to the maximum time delay between the maximum users supported by a network, in order to ensure the monitoring performance of the ZC sequence of the user, the length of the ZC sequence is defined as 512, the subcarrier interval of the synchronous channel is 1/2^ n of the subcarrier interval of a service channel, and the value of n is related to the maximum time length allowed by the synchronous sequence; the maximum time length allowed by the synchronization sequence is set according to the maximum time delay of two users in the network;
4) when a user accesses a network for the first time, monitoring a synchronization sequence channel T time, and acquiring the current configuration of the ad hoc network according to a synchronization sequence channel broadcast message comprises the following steps: maximum time delay, channel occupation bitmap, user group number in network and communication sequence distribution bitmap:
5) the broadcast message is transmitted by polling of users in the network in a token ring mode, a new user is selected to be added into a user group according to self needs after being obtained from the current configuration of the network, or a new group is initiated, and after the broadcast message of each user group is confirmed, the new user is considered to obtain the network access permission, and corresponding resources are also obtained; but all users need to approve that the broadcast channel resources can be obtained;
6) users in the same user group use the same frequency resource and send by polling in a token ring mode, and if the users in the two G2 groups can not directly communicate with each other, the users can independently form the token ring by using the same physical resource;
7) the method comprises the steps that signals sent by users of different user groups have no mutual relation, the users acquire the frequency use condition of the signals received by the users through detecting the number of synchronous sequences in a synchronous channel, estimate timing is carried out according to the synchronous sequences, time domain timing of different frequency points is adjusted, accurate OFDM symbol frequency domain data is acquired, and the sending contents of a plurality of users are acquired through demodulating different subcarrier data, so that transmission delay among the users is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the self-organizing network multi-user expanding method based on the OFDMA combines the FDMA to form the OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiplexing multiple access technology, divides the whole bandwidth into a plurality of sub-channels which are mutually overlapped among the sub-bands, each sub-channel comprises a plurality of orthogonal modulated sub-carriers, each sub-channel is allocated to one user, and one user can also occupy a plurality of sub-channels. The method has the advantages of realizing multi-address transmission, greatly improving transmission efficiency, effectively shortening transmission time delay, inhibiting narrow-band interference, resisting multipath effect and coping with frequency selective fading, and ensuring high-speed, smooth and stable implementation of multi-user mobile terminal communication. The problem of prior art only one user can send data at every moment, transmission efficiency reduces along with the increase of the number of users, user transmission delay is big, hardly satisfies current user to mobile terminal communication high speed, smooth and easy requirement is solved. The method is particularly suitable for ad hoc network application of large enterprises, schools, companies and mines.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a work flow of an OFDMA-based ad-hoc network multi-user extension method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of frequency resource division of an OFDMA-based ad-hoc network multi-user extension method;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a user group allocation structure of an OFDMA-based ad-hoc network multi-user extension method;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of OFDM symbol timing adjustment of an OFDMA-based ad-hoc network multiuser spreading method;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a data receiving flow of an ad hoc network multi-user extension method based on OFDMA.
Detailed Description
The following describes an embodiment of the OFDMA-based ad hoc network multi-user extension method in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings (see fig. 1 to 5):
the design concept of the applicant of the invention is as follows: in the existing Mesh ad hoc network scheme based on COFDM, each user uses all bandwidths to send information, and asynchronous communication is realized through a token ring. The method has the advantages that routing is not needed, intra-network user interference is avoided, each user can obtain full-bandwidth resource transmission data, and the reliability is good. However, only one user in the network can send data at each moment, the efficiency of the network is reduced along with the increase of the number of users, and the transmission delay of the users is large. In order to improve the transmission efficiency and shorten the time delay, the applicant of the invention specially provides an ad hoc network multi-user extension method based on OFDMA.
An OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiplexing multiple access technology is formed by combining OFDM with FDMA, the bandwidth W is defined and is divided into N subcarriers to form an OFDM symbol; the system defines M orthogonal ZC sequences, M is greater than 128, the length of the ZC sequence is l, the M ZC sequences are used for distinguishing each user in a cell and are called user tags, and the size of M determines the number of users in the cell. Defining the combination mode of K user tags, wherein K is more than 16, that is, each user ZC sequence can be continuously transmitted for at most 5 times and at least once, and determining the subcarrier allocation mode corresponding to 16 user tags according to the difference of the combination modes of the transmission positions of the user ZC sequences, and the mode is called as a resource tag. The resource label long sequence repeated 5 times represents 16 user labels, and is called a synchronization sequence, each user periodically broadcasts its own synchronization sequence on a defined common broadcast channel, and listens for the synchronization sequences of other users. The broadcast channel defines the length of the user identification and the length of time each synchronization sequence may last, in accordance with the maximum time delay between the maximum users supported by the network. In order to ensure the monitoring performance of the user sequence, the length of the ZC sequence is defined as 512, the subcarrier interval of the synchronization channel is 1/2^ n of the subcarrier interval of the traffic channel, and the value of n is related to the maximum time length allowed by the synchronization sequence. The maximum time length allowed by the synchronization sequence is set according to the maximum time delay of two users in the network. (see FIG. 1).
When a user accesses a network for the first time, monitoring a synchronous channel T time, and acquiring the current configuration of an ad hoc network according to a synchronous channel broadcast message, wherein the method comprises the following steps: maximum time delay, channel occupation bitmap, user group number in network and communication sequence allocation bitmap. The broadcast message is in the form of a token ring and is transmitted by the users in the network in a polling mode. After obtaining the current configuration of the networking, the new user selects to join a user group according to own needs, or initiates a new group, and after obtaining the broadcast message confirmation of each user group, the new user is considered to obtain the network access permission, and simultaneously obtains corresponding resources; but the broadcast channel resources are available after all users have approved it.
And users in the same user group use the same frequency resource to poll and transmit in a token ring mode. (see fig. 2 and 3), if the users in the two G2 groups cannot directly communicate with each other, the same physical resource can be used to independently form a token ring. G0/G1/G2 is a user group, Sync is a synchronization channel, and B is a broadcast channel. (the token ring is used in the same way as the current mesh ad hoc network, and is not described here again).
The users of different user groups send signals without mutual relation, the users acquire the use condition of the frequency of the signals received by the users by detecting the number of the synchronous sequences in the synchronous channel Sync, estimate the timing according to the synchronous sequences, adjust the time domain timing of different frequency points, acquire accurate OFDM symbol frequency domain data, and acquire the sending contents of a plurality of users by demodulating different subcarrier data, thereby reducing the transmission delay among the users. (see fig. 4, 5).
The specific embodiment is as follows: an OFDMA-based ad-hoc network multi-user expansion method is characterized in that: the method is realized by the following steps:
step one, defining a bandwidth W, and dividing the bandwidth W into N subcarriers to form an OFDM symbol; the system defines M orthogonal ZC sequences, M is greater than 128, the length of the ZC sequence is l, the M orthogonal ZC sequences are used for distinguishing each user in a cell and become a user label; the size of M determines the number of users in a cell;
step two, defining a combination mode of K user tags, wherein K is more than 16, namely each user ZC sequence can be continuously transmitted for at most 5 times and at least once, and selecting 16 ZC sequences corresponding to subcarrier allocation modes according to different combination modes of transmission positions of the user ZC sequences, and calling the 16 ZC sequences as resource tags; the resource label long sequence repeated for 5 times is called a synchronous sequence, each user periodically broadcasts the synchronous sequence of the user on a defined public broadcast channel and monitors the synchronous sequences of other users;
step three, the broadcast channel defines the length of the ZC sequence of the user and the possible duration length of each synchronous sequence according to the maximum time delay between the maximum users supported by the network, in order to ensure the monitoring performance of the ZC sequence of the user, the length of the ZC sequence is defined as 512, the subcarrier interval of the synchronous channel is 1/2^ n of the subcarrier interval of the service channel, and the value of n is related to the maximum time length allowed by the synchronous sequence; the maximum time length allowed by the synchronization sequence is set according to the maximum time delay of two users in the network;
step four, when a user accesses the network for the first time, monitoring the time of a synchronous sequence channel T, and acquiring the current configuration of the ad hoc network according to the broadcast message of the synchronous sequence channel comprises the following steps: maximum time delay, channel occupation bitmap, user group number in network and communication sequence distribution bitmap:
step five, the broadcast message adopts the form of token ring, and is transmitted by polling of users in the network, after the new user obtains the current configuration from the network, the new user selects to join a user group according to the self requirement, or initiates a new group, after the broadcast message of each user group is confirmed, the new user is considered to obtain the network access permission, and simultaneously, the corresponding resource is also obtained; but all users need to approve that the broadcast channel resources can be obtained;
step six, users of the same user group use the same frequency resource and send in a polling mode in a token ring mode, and if the users in the two G2 groups can not directly communicate with each other, the same physical resource can be used for independently forming the token ring;
and seventhly, the users of different user groups send signals without mutual relation, the users acquire the frequency use condition of the signals received by the frequency by detecting the number of the synchronous sequences in the synchronous channel, estimate and time according to the synchronous sequences, adjust the time domain timing of different frequency points, acquire accurate OFDM symbol frequency domain data, and acquire the sending contents of a plurality of users by demodulating different subcarrier data, thereby reducing the transmission delay among the users.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (1)
1. An OFDMA-based ad-hoc network multi-user expansion method is characterized in that: the method is realized by the following steps:
1) defining a bandwidth W, and dividing the bandwidth W into N subcarriers to form an OFDM symbol; the system defines M orthogonal ZC sequences, M is greater than 128, the length of the ZC sequence is l, the M orthogonal ZC sequences are used for distinguishing each user in a cell and become a user label; the size of M determines the number of users in a cell;
2) defining a combination mode of K user tags, wherein K is more than 16, namely each user ZC sequence can be continuously transmitted for at most 5 times and at least once, and selecting 16 ZC sequences corresponding to subcarrier allocation modes according to different combination modes of transmission positions of the user ZC sequences, and calling the selected ZC sequences as resource tags; the resource label long sequence repeated for 5 times is called a synchronous sequence, each user periodically broadcasts the own synchronous sequence on a defined public broadcast channel and monitors the synchronous sequences of other users;
3) the method comprises the steps that a broadcast channel defines the length of a ZC sequence of a user and the possible duration length of each synchronous sequence according to the maximum time delay between the maximum users supported by a network, in order to ensure the monitoring performance of the ZC sequence of the user, the length of the ZC sequence is defined as 512, the subcarrier interval of the synchronous channel is 1/2^ n of the subcarrier interval of a service channel, and the value of n is related to the maximum time length allowed by the synchronous sequence; the maximum time length allowed by the synchronization sequence is set according to the maximum time delay of two users in the network;
4) when a user accesses a network for the first time, monitoring a synchronization sequence channel T time, and acquiring the current configuration of the ad hoc network according to a synchronization sequence channel broadcast message comprises the following steps: maximum time delay, channel occupation bitmap, user group number in network and communication sequence distribution bitmap:
5) the broadcast message is transmitted by polling of users in the network in a token ring mode, a new user is selected to be added into a user group according to self needs after being obtained from the current configuration of the network, or a new group is initiated, and after the broadcast message of each user group is confirmed, the new user is considered to obtain the network access permission, and corresponding resources are also obtained; but all users need to approve that the broadcast channel resources can be obtained;
6) users in the same user group use the same frequency resource and send by polling in a token ring mode, and if the users in the two G2 groups can not directly communicate with each other, the users can independently form the token ring by using the same physical resource;
7) the method comprises the steps that signals sent by users of different user groups have no mutual relation, the users acquire the frequency use condition of the signals received by the users through detecting the number of synchronous sequences in a synchronous channel, estimate timing is carried out according to the synchronous sequences, time domain timing of different frequency points is adjusted, accurate OFDM symbol frequency domain data is acquired, and the sending contents of a plurality of users are acquired through demodulating different subcarrier data, so that transmission delay among the users is reduced.
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