CN111009992B - High-low voltage compatible built-in brushless direct current starting power generation system - Google Patents
High-low voltage compatible built-in brushless direct current starting power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111009992B CN111009992B CN201911235621.7A CN201911235621A CN111009992B CN 111009992 B CN111009992 B CN 111009992B CN 201911235621 A CN201911235621 A CN 201911235621A CN 111009992 B CN111009992 B CN 111009992B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/20—Structural association with auxiliary dynamo-electric machines, e.g. with electric starter motors or exciters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
- H02K3/38—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation around winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/14—Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
- H02P21/18—Estimation of position or speed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/34—Arrangements for starting
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-low voltage compatible built-in brushless direct current starting power generation system, and belongs to the technical field of aerospace electrical design and manufacturing. The starting power generation system comprises a brushless starting generator, a starting controller and a power generation controller, wherein the brushless starting generator is arranged in the engine and is directly connected with the engine rotating mechanism; the brushless starter generator is used as a starter in an engine starting state and works in an electric state, drags the starter to an ignition rotating speed and assists power after ignition, and is used as a generator after the engine is ignited and works in a power generation state; the starting controller is used for driving and controlling the electric operation of the starting generator, and in the starting stage of the engine, the starting controller drives and controls the motor to drag the engine from a rest state to a rotating speed meeting the requirement of engine ignition and automatically stops the electric driving control of the motor after the engine is assisted to operate to reach the required rotating speed; the power generation controller rectifies the three-phase alternating current output by the generator into 28.5V direct current to supply power for the load on the unmanned aerial vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aerospace electrical design and manufacturing, and particularly relates to a starting power generation system of a turbofan engine for an unmanned aerial vehicle.
Background
The power device for the small and medium-sized high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle is mainly a turbojet engine and a turbofan engine. The starting modes of the turbofan engine are divided into air starting and ground starting. The air starting is a starting mode conventionally used by missiles, generally a powder starter, a pyrotechnic igniter and the like are used, the impact on an engine caused by the working of initiating explosive devices is large, and the starting mode has an influence on the service life of the engine. The common starting mode of the unmanned aerial vehicle is ground starting, the common ground starting mode is that a high-pressure air source blows and rotates an engine to an ignition rotating speed, and the engine is ignited and started. The starting mode needs to be matched with a ground air source vehicle and provide a high-pressure air source and air source vehicle supercharging equipment, the equipment is ensured to be complex and large in size, and the air source vehicle needs to be manually separated after the engine is started.
Disclosure of Invention
In the starting stage of the engine, the system adopts high-voltage power supply to drive the engine to an ignition rotating speed, after the engine is ignited, the system continuously boosts the engine to a certain rotating speed, and after the engine works, the engine is converted into a generator working state, so that low-voltage electric energy required by the engine and the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided.
A high, low voltage compatible built-in brushless direct current starts the generating system, the system includes the brushless generator, starting controller and generating controller, the said brushless generator is built-in the engine and connected with engine rotating mechanism directly;
the brushless starter generator is used as a starter in an engine starting state and works in an electric state, and the brushless starter generator drags the starter to an ignition rotating speed and assists power after ignition; after the engine is ignited, the engine is used as a generator and works in a power generation state;
the starting controller is used for driving and controlling the electric operation of the starting generator, and in the starting stage of the engine, the starting controller drives and controls the motor to drag the engine from a rest state to a rotating speed meeting the requirement of engine ignition and automatically stops the electric driving control of the motor after the engine is assisted to operate to reach the required rotating speed;
the power generation controller rectifies the three-phase alternating current output by the generator into 28.5V direct current to supply power for the load on the unmanned aerial vehicle.
Furthermore, the motor rotating speed range of the brushless starting generator is 0-30000 r/min, and the generating rotating speed range is 28000-51000 r/min.
Further, the starting controller adopts 270V high-voltage direct current for power supply, three-phase alternating current is inverted to be supplied to the motor, and the motor is driven to rotate to drive the transmitter; the power supply voltage is 270VDC and 0-15000 r/min; the output torque is more than or equal to 7Nm, 15000 r/min-30000 r/min, and the output power is more than or equal to 11 kW.
Furthermore, the rated output power of the power generation controller is 2kW within the rotating speed range of 28000 r/min-32000 r/min, and the rated output power of the power generation controller is 4kW within the rotating speed range of 32000 r/min-51000 r/min.
Furthermore, in the starting and generating processes of the brushless starter generator, the starter generator carries out energy transmission through output torque and the engine, and the exchange of the starter generator and external electric energy is realized through a winding outgoing line in the armature.
Further, the brushless generator comprises a bearing, an armature, a casing, a rotor, a front end cover and a gear; the rotor is installed in the position corresponding to the armature in the shell through a bearing, the number of the rotor poles is designed to be four poles, the right end of the rotor is connected with a gear, the brushless generator exchanges energy with the engine through the gear, and the front end cover seals the opening end of the shell.
Furthermore, the magnetic steel on the rotor is fixed on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft through the left baffle, the right baffle and the sheath, the magnetic steel is divided into parallel magnetizing magnetic steel and tangential magnetizing magnetic steel, and the two kinds of magnetic steel are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.
Furthermore, the brushless starting generator is cooled by adopting lubricating oil, one end of the shell is provided with an oil passing hole which is connected with an oil circuit of the engine through an oil pipe part, and the lubricating oil respectively lubricates and cools two bearings of the brushless starting generator through two jet flows of the front oil spraying rod and the rear oil spraying rod.
Further, the starting controller comprises a control board, a driving board and a power device; the control board comprises a voltage and current conditioning circuit, finishes the sampling of bus voltage and motor phase current and is used for inputting a motor driving control algorithm, the main control chip is a digital signal processor, finishes the realization of the motor driving algorithm according to sampled current and voltage signals, outputs a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal to the driving board, and the communication interface is used for receiving an instruction of an upper computer;
the driving board drives and controls the IGBT power device according to the PWM signal output by the control board to complete the on-off control of the IGBT;
the power device comprises a three-phase full-bridge circuit and a bus capacitor, wherein the three-phase full-bridge circuit is composed of six IGBTs, is a full-power conversion circuit, carries out DC-AC conversion on 270V high-voltage direct current, outputs the DC-AC conversion to a three-phase winding of the motor, and drives the motor to rotate.
Further, the power generation controller comprises a main power circuit, a self-checking circuit and a working instruction control circuit;
the main power circuit comprises a three-phase uncontrollable rectifying circuit, an LC filter, a fuse and a power pack; the three-phase uncontrollable rectifying circuit completes AC-DC conversion, converts three-phase AC input of the brushless generator into high-voltage DC output, and the voltage changes along with the change of the input AC voltage;
the LC filter completes filtering of high-voltage direct-current voltage output by the three-phase uncontrollable rectifying circuit;
the power supply pack is formed by connecting twelve module power supplies in parallel, the conversion from high-voltage direct current to low-voltage direct current is realized, and the power is not less than 7200W;
the fuse cooperates with the module power supply to work, so that overload protection of the module power supply is realized;
the self-checking circuit performs self-checking on the hardware circuit after the power generation controller is powered on, and feeds back a self-checking result to the upper computer through an IO (input output) interface;
the working instruction control circuit receives an enabling or prohibiting power generation instruction of the upper computer and controls whether the main power circuit generates power or not.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention adopts the built-in brushless starting/power generator to replace the original power generator, and because the starting power is high (20kW), the high voltage direct current 270V is adopted for power supply in the starting, and the starting controller drives and controls the starting power generator to drag and forward the engine. After the engine is ignited successfully, the three-phase alternating current sent by the motor is converted into 28V low-voltage direct current according to the power demand on the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that power of the electric equipment on the unmanned aerial vehicle is supplied. The volume of the starting controller added on the launching vehicle is greatly reduced compared with that of the air source vehicle, and the ground guarantee equipment is simplified. After the engine is started, the cable on the starting controller can be disconnected with the falling plug on the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the operation is simple.
2. The brushless starter generator is arranged on a high-pressure rotor shaft of an engine, a gas turbine starter and an accessory casing of the engine can be omitted, the weight and the windward area of the engine are reduced, the generated electric power is shared by two engine shafts, surge control is facilitated, the performance of the engine is improved, the unmanned aerial vehicle is facilitated to be designed in a small size, ground guarantee equipment can be simplified, the brushless starter generator is an important development trend of engine accessories, and a key technology for developing a long-life turbine/turbofan engine for the unmanned aerial vehicle is developed.
3. The brushless starter generator is directly connected with the engine rotating mechanism, and a traditional mechanical speed change device is omitted, so that noise can be reduced, and the efficiency of a transmission system is improved.
4. The brushless starter generator is provided with the armature winding and the rotating speed winding which are independent and mutually isolated, waveform processing is carried out through the power generation controller, two paths of sine wave signals with the same frequency as the high-voltage rotor of the engine are output, and the brushless starter generator can be used for detecting the rotating speed of the high-voltage rotor of the engine.
5. The number of poles of the rotor in the brushless starting generator is designed into four poles, the magnetic steel is designed in a segmented mode to reduce stress of a single piece of magnetic steel on the sheath, and the small number of poles can reduce iron loss of the starting generator and reduce heating; the dynamic balance is accurately calibrated, and the dynamic stability and the balance precision of the rotor are improved.
6. The magnetic steel on the rotor adopts the parallel magnetizing magnetic steel and the tangential magnetizing magnetic steel which are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and compared with the traditional magnet structure, the radial and tangential combined composite magnet structure can increase the magnetic potential of the magnetic steel, reduce the magnetic leakage between poles, obtain larger air gap flux density and further improve the power density of the motor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the high and low voltage compatible built-in brushless DC starter power generation system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a brushless starter generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a brushless starter generator rotor according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the fixing manner of the radial cylindrical pin of the gear of the brushless starter generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a control schematic of the start controller of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a control schematic of the power generation controller of the present invention;
the magnetic field generator comprises a gear 1, a front end cover 2, a machine shell 3, an armature 4, a bearing 5, a wiring board 6, an oil passing hole 7, a right baffle 8, a right baffle 9, a rotating shaft 10, magnetic steel 11, a sheath 12, a left baffle 12, tangential magnetizing magnetic steel 13 and parallel magnetizing magnetic steel 14.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a high-low voltage compatible built-in brushless direct current starting power generation system, which comprises a brushless starting power generator, a starting controller, a power generation controller and a connecting cable, as shown in figure 1.
The high-low voltage compatible built-in brushless starting power generation system has the functions that in the starting stage of an engine, 270VDC high voltage power supply is adopted, a starting controller drags the engine to an ignition rotating speed in the working state of the motor, after the starting motor is ignited, the brushless starting generator continues to assist the engine to a certain rotating speed, after the engine works, the brushless starting generator is converted into the working state of the generator, and a power generation controller converts mechanical energy of a high-voltage rotor of the engine into electric energy to provide 28.5VDC low voltage required by the engine and the unmanned aerial vehicle. The brushless generator is connected with a high-pressure rotor shaft of the engine through a gear and is a built-in mounting structure.
The brushless starter generator functions as a starter in an engine starting state, operates in an electric state, drags the engine to an ignition rotational speed and assists power after ignition. After the engine is ignited, the engine is used as a generator and works in a power generation state. The electric rotating speed range is 0-30000 r/min, and the power generation rotating speed range is 28000 r/min-51000 r/min. The starting controller is used for driving and controlling the electric operation of the starting generator. In the starting stage of the engine, the starting controller drives and controls the motor to drag the engine from a rest state to a rotating speed meeting the requirement of engine ignition, and automatically stops the electric drive control of the motor after the engine is assisted to run to reach the required rotating speed. The starting controller adopts 270V high-voltage direct current for power supply, and three-phase alternating current is inverted to be supplied to the motor to drive the conveyer to rotate. The power supply voltage is 270VDC, the required output torque of 0-15000 r/min is more than or equal to 7Nm, and the required output power of 15000 r/min-30000 r/min is more than or equal to 11 kW.
The power generation controller has the main function of rectifying the three-phase alternating current output by the generator into 28.5V direct current to supply power to loads on the generator, and requires 2kW of rated output power within the rotating speed range of 28000 r/min-32000 r/min and 4kW of rated output power within the rotating speed range of 32000 r/min-51000 r/min.
As shown in fig. 2, the brushless generator comprises a bearing 5, an armature 4, a housing 3, a rotor, a front end cover 2 and a gear 1; the rotor is installed in the position corresponding to the armature 4 in the machine shell 3 through the bearing 5, the number of the rotor poles is designed to be four poles, the right end of the rotor is connected with the gear 1, the brushless generator carries out energy exchange with the engine through the gear 1, and the front end cover 2 seals the opening end of the machine shell 3.
As shown in fig. 3, a magnetic steel 10 on the rotor is fixed on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 9 through a left baffle 12, a right baffle 8 and a sheath 11, the magnetic steel 10 is divided into a parallel magnetizing magnetic steel 14 and a tangential magnetizing magnetic steel 13, and the two magnetic steels are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 9.
As shown in FIG. 4, the stress directions of the starting generator are opposite under different working conditions of starting and generating, so that the gear nut adopts a radial cylindrical pin fixing mode to prevent looseness.
The generator stator core is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets through glue spraying, polyimide enameled wires are selected from winding materials, special impregnating varnish is soaked in an armature, AF250 is used as an outgoing line, welding points are welded by silver and copper, and a polytetrafluoroethylene tube is sleeved on the outgoing line. Starting a generator motor stator, wherein insulation resistance, three-phase winding interphase resistance and winding voltage resistance need to be controlled in a key mode, and an iron core notch needs to be cleaned before a coil is wound; when the slot is distributed and insulated, the part of the slot, which is insulated and put into the iron core slot, is not allowed to have creases and damage; in the process of winding the coil, the enameled wire is not allowed to have crease marks, and the enamel coating is not damaged; when the installation wires are bound, each installation wire needs to be insulated and protected, and the two ends of the winding are firmly bound by alkali-free glass fiber bands.
The material of the magnetic steel 10 is a high-temperature resistant material XG28/35, a Halbach structure is applied, the magnetic potential of the magnetic steel is increased, and meanwhile, the thermal expansion coefficients of the rotors are the same; the rotating shaft is a hollow shaft, so that the weight of the rotor and the centrifugal force can be reduced. The excircle of the magnetic steel is protected by a sheath 11, the left baffle 12 and the right baffle 8 are made of high-temperature alloy GH4169, and the magnetic steel and the sheath 11 are in interference fit to avoid the tensile stress borne by the permanent magnet during high-speed rotation. The contact surface of each part of the rotor is coated with high-temperature high-strength adhesive glue, and the sheath 11 is fixed in a welding mode.
The function of the start controller is as follows: in the starting stage of the engine, the starting controller receives a belt rotation command of an upper computer (ground control equipment or an operating console), controls the motor to drag the engine from a rest state to a rotating speed meeting the requirement of ignition of the engine, and automatically stops the electric drive control of the motor after the engine is assisted to run to reach the required rotating speed. The starting controller adopts 270V high-voltage direct current for power supply, and three-phase alternating current is inverted to be supplied to the motor to drive the conveyer to rotate. The schematic diagram is shown in fig. 5.
The starting controller comprises a control board, a driving board and a power device; the control board comprises a voltage and current conditioning circuit, finishes the sampling of bus voltage and motor phase current and is used for inputting a motor driving control algorithm, the main control chip is a digital signal processor, finishes the realization of the motor driving algorithm according to sampled current and voltage signals, outputs a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal to the drive board, and the communication interface is used for receiving an instruction of an upper computer;
the driving board drives and controls the IGBT power device according to the PWM signal output by the control board to complete the on-off control of the IGBT;
the power device comprises a three-phase full-bridge circuit and a bus capacitor, wherein the three-phase full-bridge circuit is composed of six IGBTs, is a full-power conversion circuit, carries out DC-AC conversion on 270V high-voltage direct current, outputs the DC-AC conversion to a three-phase winding of the motor, and drives the motor to rotate.
The start controller software uses a position sensorless vector control algorithm with id 0.
Under the condition of low speed, because the back electromotive force of the motor is very small, the accuracy of the open loop estimation method based on the back electromotive force is greatly reduced due to the deviation of motor parameters and the influence of an inverter dead zone, the steady state and the dynamic performance of a system are seriously influenced, and even the motor is out of step. Therefore, open-loop variable frequency speed regulation based on current control is adopted in the low-speed stage, and a sensorless vector control method is adopted in the medium-speed stage and the high-speed stage. The specific working modes include the following three working modes:
and an open-loop control mode is adopted at 0-3000 r/min, and the motor is dragged to 3000r/min by a fixed current after positioning. The q-axis current is given as a fixed given value and the position is the position integrated from the given rotation speed.
And a double closed loop mode of rotating speed closed loop and current closed loop (torque closed loop) is adopted at 3000 r/min-15000 r/min, so that the rotating speed control of the motor traction and transmission motor is realized. The q-axis current is given as the output of the rotating speed PI controller, and the position is estimated by the rotor position estimation module.
And the engine power is assisted by adopting a single closed loop mode of a current closed loop (torque closed loop) at 15000 r/min-30000 r/min. The q-axis current is given as a value calculated from the power and the rotational speed, and the position is estimated by the rotor position estimation module.
The power supply voltage of the controller is 270V, the maximum output power is about 21kW, and in order to prevent the high-voltage end from interfering with the low-voltage control circuit, the controller shell is divided into a high-voltage area and a low-voltage area, and physical isolation is adopted. The DSP main control circuit, the signal conditioning circuit, the communication circuit and the power management circuit are used as weak points and are all installed in the control printed board, and the driving circuit, the main power circuit, the filter circuit and the sampling circuit are installed in the strong electricity part.
The starting controller is electrically connected with the upper computer, the power supply and the motor by adopting an electric connector, and the controller is provided with electric interfaces such as 270V power supply, 28V power supply, three-phase output of the motor, communication and the like. The connector types are respectively: JY27496E21F75SHN, JY27496E11F04SN, JY27496E25F08SHN and JY27496E11F35 SN.
The starting control cooling mode is that the surface of the machine shell and the surrounding environment exchange heat by natural convection, the switch tube mounting base is provided with a heat dissipation fin, and the heat dissipation fin passes through two heat dissipation fins with the flow of 3m3A/min fan forced convection cooling.
The starting controller has a volume of 400mm x 350mm x 220mm and a weight of not more than 15 kg.
The generator controller has the actual function of AC/DC power conversion and is used for converting alternating voltage with variable frequency and voltage amplitude output by the starting/generating machine into stable 28.5V direct current voltage to supply power to electric equipment of the engine.
As shown in fig. 6, the power generation controller includes a main power circuit, a self-test circuit, and a work instruction control circuit;
the main power circuit comprises a three-phase uncontrollable rectifying circuit, an LC filter, a fuse and a power supply set; the three-phase uncontrollable rectifying circuit completes AC-DC conversion, converts three-phase AC input of the brushless generator into high-voltage DC output, and the voltage changes along with the change of the input AC voltage;
the LC filter completes the filtering of the high-voltage direct-current voltage output by the three-phase uncontrollable rectifying circuit;
the power supply pack is formed by connecting twelve SynQor module power supplies in parallel, wherein 600W output power of a single module and 7200W output power of 12 modules in parallel are achieved, the conversion from high-voltage direct current to low-voltage direct current is achieved, and the requirements of 4kW of rated output power and 1.5 times of overload power are met. The SynQor module power supply supports multiple modules to be connected in parallel, the typical current sharing precision is +/-5%, and the SynQor module power supply has an I Share end for ensuring the steady state current sharing precision and a Start Sync end for ensuring the dynamic starting consistency.
The fuse cooperates with the module power supply to work, so as to realize the overload protection of the module power supply;
the self-checking circuit performs self-checking on the hardware circuit after the power generation controller is powered on, and feeds back a self-checking result to the upper computer through an IO interface; the self-checking circuit of the power generation controller mainly comprises two relays K1 and K2, and mainly realizes the function of detecting whether the output is short-circuited.
The working instruction control circuit receives an enabling or prohibiting power generation instruction of an upper computer and controls whether the main power circuit generates power, the working instruction control circuit mainly realizes the function of controlling whether the power generation controller outputs power by receiving a working instruction sent by the engine integrated controller, and the working instruction control circuit consists of a voltage detection circuit and a logic judgment circuit.
When the power generation controller works in a full-load 4kW mode, the efficiency of the rear-stage SynQor module converter can reach 91% and the overall efficiency can reach 90% within the range of 28000-51000 r/min.
The power generation controller adopts an electric connector to realize electric connection with a 28V on-board power supply input, a brushless starter generator, an engine comprehensive controller and an on-board power supply input. The connector types are respectively: JY27496E25F08SN, JY27496E17F06SN, JY27496E15F15SN and JY27496E11F04 SN.
The volume of the power generation controller is 450mm multiplied by 300mm multiplied by 80mm, and the weight is not more than 10 kg.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-low voltage compatible built-in brushless direct current starting power generation system is characterized in that the system comprises a brushless starting power generator, a starting controller and a power generation controller, wherein the brushless starting power generator is built in an engine and is directly connected with an engine rotating mechanism;
the brushless starter generator is used as a starter in an engine starting state and works in an electric state, and the brushless starter generator drags the starter to an ignition rotating speed and assists power after ignition; after the engine is ignited, the engine is used as a generator and works in a power generation state;
the starting controller is used for driving and controlling the electric operation of the starting generator, and in the starting stage of the engine, the starting controller drives and controls the motor to drag the engine from a rest state to a rotating speed meeting the requirement of engine ignition and automatically stops the electric driving control of the motor after the engine is assisted to operate to reach the required rotating speed;
the power generation controller rectifies the three-phase alternating current output by the generator into 28.5V direct current to supply power to a load on the unmanned aerial vehicle;
starting controller software adopts a position-sensorless vector control algorithm with id equal to 0; open-loop variable frequency speed regulation based on current control is adopted in the low-speed section, and a sensorless vector control method is adopted in the medium-speed and high-speed sections;
the specific working modes include the following three working modes:
an open-loop control mode is adopted at 0-3000 r/min, the motor is dragged to 3000r/min by fixed current after positioning, the q-axis current is given as a fixed given value, and the position is obtained according to given rotation speed integration;
adopting a double closed loop mode of rotating speed closed loop and current closed loop at 3000 r/min-15000 r/min to realize the rotating speed control of the motor driving and forwarding motor, wherein the q-axis current is given as the output of a rotating speed PI controller, and the position is the estimated position of a rotor position estimation module;
and performing engine power assistance in a single closed loop mode of a current closed loop at 15000 r/min-30000 r/min, wherein the q-axis current is given as a value calculated according to power and rotating speed, and the position is estimated by the rotor position estimation module.
2. The high-low voltage compatible built-in brushless direct current generator system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the brushless generator has a motor speed range of 0-30000 r/min and a generator speed range of 28000 r/min-51000 r/min.
3. The high-low voltage compatible built-in brushless direct current starting power generation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the starting controller adopts 270V high-voltage direct current power supply to invert three-phase alternating current power to the motor, so as to drive the motor to rotate; the power supply voltage is 270VDC and 0-15000 r/min; the output torque is more than or equal to 7Nm, 15000 r/min-30000 r/min, and the output power is more than or equal to 11 kW.
4. The high and low voltage compatible built-in brushless DC starter power generation system according to claim 3, wherein the power generation controller has a rated output power of 2kW in a rotation speed range of 28000r/min to 32000r/min and a rated output power of 4kW in a rotation speed range of 32000r/min to 51000 r/min.
5. The high and low voltage compatible built-in brushless DC starter generator system according to claim 4, wherein during starting and generating, the brushless starter generator performs energy transmission through output torque and engine, and realizes the exchange of the starter generator with external electric energy through the winding lead-out wire in the armature.
6. The high and low voltage compatible built-in brushless dc starter generator system according to claim 5, wherein the brushless starter generator comprises bearings, armature, housing, rotor, front cover and gears; the rotor is installed in the position corresponding to the armature in the shell through a bearing, the number of the rotor poles is designed to be four poles, the right end of the rotor is connected with a gear, the brushless generator exchanges energy with the engine through the gear, and the front end cover seals the opening end of the shell.
7. The high-low voltage compatible built-in brushless DC starting power generation system according to claim 6, wherein the magnetic steel on the rotor is fixed on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft through a left baffle, a right baffle and a sheath, the magnetic steel is divided into parallel magnetizing magnetic steel and tangential magnetizing magnetic steel, and the two kinds of magnetic steel are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.
8. The high and low voltage compatible built-in brushless DC starter generator system according to claim 7, wherein the brushless starter generator is cooled by lubricant oil, one end of the housing is provided with an oil through hole connected with an engine oil circuit through an oil pipe part, and the lubricant oil respectively lubricates and cools two bearings of the brushless starter generator through two jets of front and rear oil injection rods.
9. The high and low voltage compatible built-in brushless dc starter generator system of claim 8 wherein the starter controller includes a control board, a drive board and a power device; the control board comprises a voltage and current conditioning circuit, finishes the sampling of bus voltage and motor phase current and is used for inputting a motor driving control algorithm, the main control chip is a digital signal processor, finishes the realization of the motor driving algorithm according to sampled current and voltage signals, outputs a pulse width modulation signal to the drive board, and the communication interface is used for receiving an instruction of an upper computer;
the driving board drives and controls the IGBT power device according to the PWM signal output by the control board to complete the on-off control of the IGBT;
the power device comprises a three-phase full-bridge circuit and a bus capacitor, wherein the three-phase full-bridge circuit is composed of six IGBTs, is a full-power conversion circuit, carries out DC-AC conversion on 270V high-voltage direct current, outputs the DC-AC conversion to a three-phase winding of the motor, and drives the motor to rotate.
10. The high and low voltage compatible built-in brushless dc starter power generation system of claim 9 wherein the power generation controller comprises a main power circuit, a self-test circuit and a work order control circuit;
the main power circuit comprises a three-phase uncontrollable rectifying circuit, an LC filter, a fuse and a power pack; the three-phase uncontrollable rectifying circuit completes AC-DC conversion, converts three-phase AC input of the brushless generator into high-voltage DC output, and the voltage changes along with the change of the input AC voltage;
the LC filter completes filtering of high-voltage direct-current voltage output by the three-phase uncontrollable rectifying circuit;
the power supply pack is formed by connecting twelve module power supplies in parallel, the conversion from high-voltage direct current to low-voltage direct current is realized, and the power is not less than 7200W;
the fuse cooperates with the module power supply to work, so that overload protection of the module power supply is realized;
the self-checking circuit performs self-checking on the hardware circuit after the power generation controller is powered on, and feeds back a self-checking result to the upper computer through an IO (input output) interface;
and the working instruction control circuit receives an enabling or prohibiting power generation instruction of the upper computer and controls whether the main power circuit generates power or not.
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| CN112234875B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2023-01-13 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Multiphase high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor drive control system |
| CN112713826B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2023-05-23 | 中国航空工业集团公司成都飞机设计研究所 | Start/power generation system for aircraft |
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