CN111009414A

CN111009414A - High-voltage split capacitor

Info

Publication number: CN111009414A
Application number: CN201911376388.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁静; 陈伟; 江菊香
Original assignee: Anhui Hero Electronic Science And Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Hero Electronic Science And Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-27
Filing date: 2019-12-27
Publication date: 2020-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-27
Also published as: CN111009414B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of capacitors, and particularly relates to a high-voltage split capacitor which comprises a shell, wherein two polar plates are arranged in an inner cavity of the shell, a cover plate is fixedly arranged at the top end of the shell through bolts, sealing rubber is arranged between the cover plate and the polar plates, a lead is fixed at the top end of the polar plates, the top end of the lead penetrates through the sealing rubber and the cover plate and extends to the upper part of the cover plate, an insulating plate is fixed at one side of the polar plates close to each other, a gap is arranged between the insulating plates, and two downward semicircular grooves are formed; the invention isolates the polar plates by the cooperation of the insulating plate and the gap tending to vacuum, so that the isolation between the polar plates is more thorough, the working voltage extreme value of the capacitor is improved, and the breakdown probability of the capacitor is reduced.

Description

High-voltage split capacitor

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of capacitors, and particularly relates to a high-voltage split type capacitor.

Background

The capacitor is formed by sandwiching an insulating dielectric between two metal electrodes. When a voltage is applied between the two metal electrodes, charge is stored in the electrodes, so that the capacitor is an energy storage element. Any two conductors, insulated from each other and in close proximity, form a capacitor. A parallel plate capacitor consists of the plates of the capacitor and a dielectric. When energized, the plates become charged, creating a voltage (potential difference), but the entire capacitor is non-conductive due to the intervening insulating material. However, such a case is under the precondition that the critical voltage (breakdown voltage) of the capacitor is not exceeded.

It is known that any substance is relatively insulating, and when the voltage across the substance is increased to a certain extent, the substance is conductive, which is called the breakdown voltage; the parallel plate capacitor mostly adopts a single insulating material to isolate the electrode plates, and the problem of insulation breakdown is easy to occur when the voltage is overhigh, so that the capacitor is damaged.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the high-voltage split capacitor provided by the invention isolates the polar plates by the cooperation of the insulating plate and the gap tending to vacuum, so that the isolation between the polar plates is more thorough, the working voltage extreme value of the capacitor is improved, and the breakdown probability of the capacitor is reduced.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a high-voltage split capacitor, which comprises a shell, wherein two polar plates are arranged in an inner cavity of the shell, a cover plate is fixedly arranged at the top end of the shell through bolts, sealing rubber is arranged between the cover plate and the polar plates, a lead is fixed at the top end of the polar plates, the top end of the lead penetrates through the sealing rubber and the cover plate and extends to the upper part of the cover plate, an insulating plate is fixed at one side of the polar plates close to each other, a gap is arranged between the insulating plates, two downward semicircular grooves are formed in the top end of the shell, a first clamping block is fixed at the top end of each semicircular groove, a second clamping block is movably arranged in the inner cavity of each semicircular groove, a reset spring is fixed between the second clamping block and the bottom end of each semicircular groove, two telescopic cylinders are fixed between the first clamping block and the second clamping block, the telescopic cylinders are, two guide rods are fixed at the bottom end of the cover plate, a through hole is formed in the top end of the first clamping block, the guide rods penetrate through the through hole and are movably connected with the first clamping block, and when the parallel plate capacitor works, the parallel plate capacitor is isolated between the electrode plates by adopting a single insulating material, so that the problem of insulation breakdown is easily caused when the voltage is too high, and the capacitor is damaged; when the capacitor is installed, the polar plate and the insulating plate are placed in the shell, and then the sealing rubber is placed in the shell, so that the polar plate and the insulating plate are isolated from the outside by the sealing rubber; finally, covering the cover plate and screwing the bolt to enable the guide rod fixed on the cover plate to enter the semicircular groove, so that the second clamping block is extruded; the second clamping block is driven by the guide rod to move towards the direction far away from the cover plate, so that the length of the telescopic cylinder is extended, and the volume of an inner ring of the telescopic cylinder is increased; the telescopic cylinder extends to suck out the gas in the inner cavity of the shell, so that the gas in the inner cavity of the shell is reduced, and the inner cavity of the shell tends to be vacuum; then, two leads of the capacitor are respectively connected to the circuit, and the anode and the cathode of the power supply are respectively connected with the two pole plates through the leads, so that the two pole plates are divided into an anode and a cathode; when the capacitor is switched on, the insulating plate blocks the current generated between the two polar plates; when the voltage between the polar plates is overlarge, breakdown voltage can be generated, so that the insulating plate is broken down; when the insulating plates are broken down, gaps between the insulating plates which tend to be vacuum play an isolation role, so that the difficulty of current passing is improved, and the safety of the capacitor is ensured; after the capacitor is used for a long time and damaged, the cover plate is opened to take out the pole plate, the damaged pole plate is replaced, and the undamaged pole plate is continuously used, so that the use cost of the capacitor is reduced; the use of the one-way valve on the telescopic cylinder enables the telescopic cylinder to only suck out the gas in the inner cavity of the shell and discharge the sucked gas, so that the telescopic cylinder can be repeatedly used; after the cover plate is opened, the return spring extends upwards, so that the second clamping block returns to the initial position, and the second clamping block can be used for next vacuum pumping.

Preferably, two conductive nets are arranged between the two insulating plates, conductive blocks are arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the sealing rubber, a lead is arranged between the conductive blocks, a resistor is arranged at the bottom end of the cover plate, the resistor is M omega, and when the capacitor works, current is generated when the capacitor is subjected to insulation breakdown, so that the capacitor is damaged; the current generated between the polar plates is transmitted to the conductive net through the arrangement of the conductive net, and the current absorbed by the conductive net is transmitted to the resistor after passing through the conductive block; the resistor with larger resistance value is close to open circuit, so that no current is generated between the polar plates, and the probability of insulation breakdown of the capacitor is reduced.

Preferably, the top of the inner side wall of the shell is provided with an inclined plane, the inclined plane is used for promoting the adhesion between the sealing rubber and the lead, and when the sealing rubber is installed, a gap is easily formed between the sealing rubber and the lead during working, so that the sealing of the polar plate is not in place; through the arrangement of the inclined plane, the cover plate extrudes the sealing rubber when the cover plate is installed, the extruded sealing rubber is extruded towards the center when encountering the inclined plane, and a gap between the sealing rubber and the lead is filled by the sealing rubber, so that the sealing rubber is fully contacted with the lead, and the sealing property of the pole plate is ensured; meanwhile, the contact between the extruded sealing rubber and the conductive net is tighter, so that the contact between the conductive net and the resistor is good, and the normal work of the conductive net is ensured.

Preferably, two limiting balls are fixed on the inner side wall of the shell, two limiting grooves are formed in the bottom end of the sealing rubber, the limiting balls and the limiting grooves are in clearance fit, and when the capacitor works, a cover plate is likely to loosen after the capacitor is used for a long time, so that poor contact between the conductive block and the conductive net is caused; when the sealing rubber is extruded downwards, the limiting ball enters the limiting groove, so that the limiting ball limits the sealing rubber, and the sealing rubber is not easy to loosen; the relative position of the sealing rubber and the limiting ball is kept, so that the conductive block is not easy to separate from the conductive net, and continuous work of the conductive net is guaranteed.

Preferably, the outer side wall of the shell is provided with more than two rectangular grooves, resistance wires are fixed in the rectangular grooves, the resistors are electrically connected with the resistance wires through wires, and when the shell works, weak current is still generated even if the resistance value of the resistors is high under the condition of ultrahigh voltage; the arrangement of the resistance wire enables the current to generate heat when passing through the resistance wire, so that the shell is heated; the temperature of the heated shell rises, so that the temperature of the inner cavity of the capacitor rises, and the capacitor used in a lower temperature environment is heated and heated, thereby improving the sensitivity of the capacitor.

Preferably, the distance ratio between the conductive net and the two insulating plates is 1:3, and when the insulating plate works, if the two conductive nets are too close to each other, breakdown is easy to occur, so that discharge occurs between the two conductive nets to form a path; the distance between the two conductive nets is larger than the distance between the conductive net and the adjacent insulating plate, so that the current has a longer distance from the next conductive net after passing through the conductive net, and the probability of breakdown is reduced.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the high-voltage split capacitor, the polar plates are isolated by the cooperation of the insulating plate and the gap tending to vacuum, so that the isolation between the polar plates is more thorough, the working voltage extreme value of the capacitor is improved, and the breakdown probability of the capacitor is reduced.

2. According to the high-voltage split capacitor, the current which is possibly generated is intercepted through the arrangement of the conductive net, so that the current is not generated inside the capacitor, and the probability of breakdown of the capacitor is reduced.

3. According to the high-voltage split type capacitor, due to the split type design, the capacitor is more convenient to replace, and meanwhile, the cost is saved;

drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a right side view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the position-limiting ball and the position-limiting groove;

in the figure: the device comprises a shell 1, a polar plate 2, a cover plate 3, sealing rubber 4, a lead 5, an insulating plate 6, a semicircular groove 7, a first clamping block 8, a second clamping block 9, a return spring 10, a telescopic cylinder 11, a guide rod 12, a conductive net 13, a resistor 14, a limiting ball 15, a limiting groove 16 and a resistance wire 17.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the high-voltage split capacitor of the invention comprises a shell 1, two pole plates 2 are arranged in an inner cavity of the shell 1, a cover plate 3 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the shell 1 through bolts, a sealing rubber 4 is arranged between the cover plate 3 and the pole plates 2, a lead 5 is fixed at the top end of the pole plates 2, the top end of the lead 5 passes through the sealing rubber 4 and the cover plate 3 and extends to the upper side of the cover plate 3, an insulating plate 6 is fixed at one side of the pole plates 2 close to each other, a gap is arranged between the insulating plates 6, two downward semicircular grooves 7 are arranged at the top end of the shell 1, a first clamping block 8 is fixed at the top end of each semicircular groove 7, a second clamping block 9 is movably arranged in the inner cavity of each semicircular groove 7, a return spring 10 is fixed between the second clamping block 9 and the bottom end of each semicircular groove 7, and two, the telescopic cylinder 11 is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell 1 through an air pipe, one-way valves are arranged on the side wall of the telescopic cylinder 11 and in the middle of the air pipe, two guide rods 12 are fixed at the bottom end of the cover plate 3, a through hole is formed in the top end of the first clamping block 8, the guide rods 12 penetrate through the through hole and are movably connected with the first clamping block 8, when the parallel plate capacitor works, the parallel plate capacitor is isolated among the pole plates 2 mostly by adopting a single insulating material, and the problem of insulation breakdown is easily caused when the voltage is too high, so that the capacitor is damaged; when the capacitor is installed, the polar plate 2 and the insulating plate 6 are placed in the shell 1, and then the sealing rubber 4 is placed in the shell 1, so that the polar plate 2 and the insulating plate 6 are isolated from the outside by the sealing rubber 4; finally, the cover plate 3 is covered and the bolt is screwed, so that the guide rod 12 fixed on the cover plate 3 enters the semicircular groove 7, and the second clamping block 9 is extruded; the second clamping block 9 is driven by the guide rod 12 to move towards the direction far away from the cover plate 3, so that the length of the telescopic cylinder 11 is extended, and the volume of the inner ring of the telescopic cylinder 11 is increased; the telescopic cylinder 11 is extended to suck out the gas in the inner cavity of the shell 1, so that the gas in the inner cavity of the shell 1 is reduced, and the inner cavity of the shell 1 tends to be vacuum; then, two leads 5 of the capacitor are respectively connected to the circuit, and the anode and the cathode of the power supply are respectively connected with the two polar plates 2 through the leads 5, so that the two polar plates 2 are divided into an anode and a cathode; when the capacitor is switched on, the insulating plate 6 blocks the current generated between the two polar plates 2; when the voltage between the polar plates 2 is too large, breakdown voltage is generated, so that the insulating plate 6 is broken down; when the insulating plates 6 are broken down, gaps between the insulating plates 6 tending to be vacuum play an isolation role, so that the difficulty of current passing is improved, and the safety of the capacitor is ensured; after the capacitor is used for a long time and damaged, the cover plate 3 is opened to take out the pole plate 2, the damaged pole plate 2 is replaced, and the undamaged pole plate 2 is continuously used, so that the use cost of the capacitor is reduced; the use of the one-way valve on the telescopic cylinder 11 enables the telescopic cylinder 11 to only suck out the gas in the inner cavity of the shell 1 and discharge the sucked gas, thereby enabling the telescopic cylinder 11 to be repeatedly used; after the cover plate 3 is opened, the return spring 10 extends upwards, so that the second latch 9 returns to the initial position, and the second latch 9 can be used for next vacuum pumping.

As a specific embodiment of the present invention, two conductive nets 13 are disposed between two insulating plates 6, conductive blocks are disposed at the top end and the bottom end of the sealing rubber 4, a conducting wire is disposed between the conductive blocks, a resistor 14 is disposed at the bottom end of the cover plate 3, and the resistor 14 is 10M Ω, so that when the capacitor operates, current is generated when the capacitor is subjected to insulation breakdown, thereby causing damage to the capacitor; the arrangement of the conductive net 13 enables the current generated between the polar plates 2 to be transmitted to the conductive net 13, and the current absorbed by the conductive net 13 is transmitted to the resistor 14 after passing through the conductive block; the resistor 14 with a larger resistance is nearly open, so that no current flows between the plates 2, and the probability of dielectric breakdown of the capacitor is reduced.

As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the top of the inner side wall of the housing 1 is provided with an inclined plane, the inclined plane is used for promoting the adhesion between the sealing rubber 4 and the lead 5, and during operation, when the sealing rubber 4 is installed, a gap is easily formed between the sealing rubber 4 and the lead 5, so that the sealing of the pole plate 2 is not in place; through the arrangement of the inclined plane, the cover plate 3 extrudes the sealing rubber 4 when the cover plate 3 is installed, the extruded sealing rubber 4 is extruded towards the center when meeting the inclined plane, and a gap between the sealing rubber 4 and the lead 5 is filled by the sealing rubber 4, so that the sealing rubber 4 is fully contacted with the lead 5, and the sealing performance of the pole plate 2 is ensured; meanwhile, the contact between the extruded sealing rubber 4 and the conductive net 13 is tighter, so that the contact between the conductive net 13 and the resistor 14 is good, and the normal work of the conductive net 13 is ensured.

As a specific embodiment of the present invention, two limiting balls 15 are fixed on the inner side wall of the housing 1, two limiting grooves 16 are arranged at the bottom end of the sealing rubber 4, the limiting balls 15 and the limiting grooves 16 are in clearance fit, and when the capacitor works, the cover plate 3 may be loosened after long-time use, so that poor contact between the conductive block and the conductive mesh 13 is caused; when the sealing rubber 4 is extruded downwards, the limiting ball 15 enters the limiting groove 16, so that the limiting ball 15 limits the sealing rubber 4, and the sealing rubber 4 is not easy to loosen; the sealing rubber 4 keeps the relative position with the limiting ball 15, so that the conductive block is not easy to separate from the conductive net 13, and the continuous work of the conductive net 13 is ensured.

As a specific embodiment of the invention, the outer side wall of the shell 1 is provided with more than two rectangular grooves, the resistance wire 17 is fixed in the rectangular grooves, the resistor 14 is electrically connected with the resistance wire 17 through a wire, and when the device works and meets an ultrahigh voltage condition, even if the resistance value of the resistor 14 is high, weak current is still generated; the arrangement of the resistance wire 17 enables the current to generate heat when passing through the resistance wire 17, so that the shell 1 is heated; the temperature of the heated shell 1 rises, so that the temperature of the inner cavity of the capacitor rises, and the capacitor used in a lower temperature environment is heated, so that the sensitivity of the capacitor is improved.

As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the distance ratio between the conductive mesh 13 and the two insulating plates 6 is 1:3, and during operation, if the two conductive meshes 13 are too close to each other, a breakdown condition is likely to occur, so that a discharge occurs between the two conductive meshes 13 to form a path; the distance between two conductive nets 13 is larger than the distance between the conductive net 13 and the adjacent insulating plate 6, so that the current has a longer distance from the next conductive net 13 after passing through the conductive net 13, and the probability of breakdown is reduced.

When the parallel plate capacitor works, the polar plates 2 are isolated by adopting a single insulating material, and the problem of insulation breakdown is easily caused when the voltage is overhigh, so that the capacitor is damaged; when the capacitor is installed, the polar plate 2 and the insulating plate 6 are placed in the shell 1, and then the sealing rubber 4 is placed in the shell 1, so that the polar plate 2 and the insulating plate 6 are isolated from the outside by the sealing rubber 4; finally, the cover plate 3 is covered and the bolt is screwed, so that the guide rod 12 fixed on the cover plate 3 enters the semicircular groove 7, and the second clamping block 9 is extruded; the second clamping block 9 is driven by the guide rod 12 to move towards the direction far away from the cover plate 3, so that the length of the telescopic cylinder 11 is extended, and the volume of the inner ring of the telescopic cylinder 11 is increased; the telescopic cylinder 11 is extended to suck out the gas in the inner cavity of the shell 1, so that the gas in the inner cavity of the shell 1 is reduced, and the inner cavity of the shell 1 tends to be vacuum; then, two leads 5 of the capacitor are respectively connected to the circuit, and the anode and the cathode of the power supply are respectively connected with the two polar plates 2 through the leads 5, so that the two polar plates 2 are divided into an anode and a cathode; when the capacitor is switched on, the insulating plate 6 blocks the current generated between the two polar plates 2; when the voltage between the polar plates 2 is too large, breakdown voltage is generated, so that the insulating plate 6 is broken down; when the insulating plates 6 are broken down, gaps between the insulating plates 6 tending to be vacuum play an isolation role, so that the difficulty of current passing is improved, and the safety of the capacitor is ensured; after the capacitor is used for a long time and damaged, the cover plate 3 is opened to take out the pole plate 2, the damaged pole plate 2 is replaced, and the undamaged pole plate 2 is continuously used, so that the use cost of the capacitor is reduced; the use of the one-way valve on the telescopic cylinder 11 enables the telescopic cylinder 11 to only suck out the gas in the inner cavity of the shell 1 and discharge the sucked gas, thereby enabling the telescopic cylinder 11 to be repeatedly used; after the cover plate 3 is opened, the return spring 10 extends upwards, so that the second latch 9 returns to the initial position, and the second latch 9 can be used for next vacuum pumping.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a split type condenser of high pressure, includes casing (1), casing (1) inner chamber has arranged two polar plates (2), there is apron (3) casing (1) top through bolt fixed mounting, be equipped with between apron (3) and polar plate (2) sealing rubber (4), polar plate (2) top is fixed with lead wire (5), lead wire (5) top is passed sealing rubber (4) and apron (3) and is extended to apron (3) top, its characterized in that: insulating plates (6) are fixed on the sides of the polar plates (2) close to each other, gaps are arranged between the insulating plates (6), the top end of the shell (1) is provided with two downward semicircular grooves (7), the top end of each semicircular groove (7) is fixedly provided with a first clamping block (8), the inner cavity of each semicircular groove (7) is movably provided with a second clamping block (9), a return spring (10) is fixed between the second clamping block (9) and the bottom end of the semicircular groove (7), two telescopic cylinders (11) are fixed between the first clamping block (8) and the second clamping block (9), the telescopic cylinder (11) is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell (1) through an air pipe, the side wall of the telescopic cylinder (11) and the middle part of the air pipe are both provided with a one-way valve, two guide rods (12) are fixed at the bottom end of the cover plate (3), a through hole is arranged at the top end of the first clamping block (8), the guide rod (12) penetrates through the through hole to be movably connected with the first clamping block (8).

2. The high-voltage split capacitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: two conductive nets (13) are arranged between the two insulating plates (6), conductive blocks are arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the sealing rubber (4), wires are arranged between the conductive blocks, a resistor (14) is arranged at the bottom end of the cover plate (3), and the resistor (14) is 10M omega.

3. The high-voltage split capacitor as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the top of the inner side wall of the shell (1) is provided with an inclined plane, and the inclined plane is used for promoting the attachment between the sealing rubber (4) and the lead (5).

4. The high-voltage split capacitor as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the novel sealing rubber is characterized in that two limiting balls (15) are fixed on the inner side wall of the shell (1), two limiting grooves (16) are formed in the bottom end of the sealing rubber (4), and the limiting balls (15) are in clearance fit with the limiting grooves (16).

5. The high-voltage split capacitor as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the outer side wall of the shell (1) is provided with more than two rectangular grooves, resistance wires (17) are fixed in the rectangular grooves, and the resistors (14) are electrically connected with the resistance wires (17) through conducting wires.

6. The high-voltage split capacitor as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the distance ratio between the conductive net (13) and the two insulating plates (6) is 1: 3.