CN111008944B - Method and system for searching unstable pixels of infrared focal plane detector - Google Patents

Method and system for searching unstable pixels of infrared focal plane detector Download PDF

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CN111008944B
CN111008944B CN201911352927.0A CN201911352927A CN111008944B CN 111008944 B CN111008944 B CN 111008944B CN 201911352927 A CN201911352927 A CN 201911352927A CN 111008944 B CN111008944 B CN 111008944B
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CN111008944A (en
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黄立
凡陈玲
吴正虎
刘斌
周文洪
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Wuhan Gaode Micro Electromechanical And Sensing Industrial Technology Research Institute Co ltd
Wuhan Guide Infrared Co Ltd
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Abstract

A method and a system for searching unstable pixels of an infrared focal plane detector, wherein the method comprises the following steps: performing image correction and national standard blind pixel replacement in the full temperature interval of the infrared focal plane detector; determining the background temperature of the infrared focal plane detector, and collecting the original image data imaged by the infrared focal plane detector which is started up for n times under each background temperature to obtain a plurality of groups of original image data; selecting M surrounding pixel points by taking pixel points I (I, j) of a certain frame of image in original image data as the center; calculating pixel value differences of each pixel point I in the M pixel points around the pixel point I respectively to obtain M pixel value differences, and judging the number N of the pixel value differences larger than a preset threshold AD_thd; if N is greater than
Figure DDA0002335113530000011
Judging the pixel point I as an unstable pixel; traversing all pixel points of each frame of image area array in each group of original image data in a sliding window mode to obtain an unstable pixel list in each group of original image data.

Description

Method and system for searching unstable pixels of infrared focal plane detector
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of blind pixel detection, in particular to a method and a system for searching unstable pixels of an infrared focal plane detector.
Background
The unstable pixel is a key parameter for evaluating the quality of the infrared focal plane detection device, and is the basis for improving the imaging quality by adopting a substitution or compensation technology. The performance index of the standard GB/T17444-2013 of the infrared focal plane array detector about blind pixels only comprises two blind pixels, namely a dead pixel and a overheat pixel. Unstable pixels with low-frequency noise and response rate changing along with the working state cannot be identified. The blind pixel level in the actual use process of the device can not be fully reflected, so that the imaging quality is influenced by the unstable pixel. Even causing tracking, search disturbances or misleading to the detector when the whole machine is in use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method and a system for searching unstable pixels of an infrared focal plane detector, which make up for the shortages of national standards about blind pixel identification, judge the unstable pixels which can appear in the actual use state in advance, and further improve the stability of image quality in the use process of the detector, and the method comprises the following specific scheme:
as a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for searching for unstable pixels of an infrared focal plane detector, the method comprising:
step 1, performing image correction and national standard blind pixel replacement in an infrared focal plane detector full temperature interval;
step 2, determining the background temperature of the infrared focal plane detector, and collecting the original image data imaged by the infrared focal plane detector which is started up for n times under each background temperature to obtain a plurality of groups of original image data;
and 3, carrying out unstable pixel judgment on each group of acquired original image data frame by frame to obtain an unstable pixel list in each group of original image data, and merging the unstable pixel lists in each group of original image data to obtain the total unstable pixel of the infrared focal plane detector under the background of the temperature interval.
Further, in step 3, the unstable pixel determination is performed on each group of collected original image data frame by frame, and the unstable pixel list in each group of original image data is specifically obtained as follows:
step 3.1, selecting M surrounding pixel points by taking a pixel point I (I, j) of a certain frame image in original image data as a center, wherein I and j represent coordinate positions of the pixel point I in the frame image;
step 3.2, calculating pixel value differences of each pixel point of the pixel point I and the surrounding M pixel points respectively to obtain M pixel value differences, and judging the number N of the pixel value differences larger than a preset threshold AD_thd;
step 3.3, if N is greater than
Figure BDA0002335113510000021
Judging the pixel point I as an unstable pixel;
and 3.4, traversing all pixel points of each frame of image area array in each group of original image data in a sliding window mode to obtain an unstable pixel list in each group of original image data.
Further, in step 3.1, m=24, and around 24 pixels are selected to form a 5×5 pixel array with the pixel I as the center.
Further, the method further comprises: in step 3.3, after the pixel point I is determined to be an unstable pixel, the average value of the pixel values of M surrounding pixel points replaces the pixel value of the pixel point I, so that the pixel point I becomes a stable pixel.
Further, in step 2, raw image data imaged by the infrared focal plane detector for n times of startup is collected, and the obtaining of multiple groups of raw image data specifically includes:
after each start-up operation, the original image data are collected at the time points of 1h, 2h, and mh after the start-up operation, at each time point, K frames of original image data are acquired, thereby obtaining a plurality of sets of original image data.
Further, m=4, k=6000.
As a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an infrared focal plane detector unstable pixel searching system, the system including a national standard blind pixel replacement unit, an original image data acquisition unit, and an unstable pixel searching unit;
the national standard blind pixel replacement unit is used for carrying out image correction and national standard blind pixel replacement in the full temperature interval of the infrared focal plane detector;
the original image data acquisition unit is used for determining the background temperature of the infrared focal plane detector, and acquiring the original image data imaged by the infrared focal plane detector which is started up for n times under each background temperature to obtain a plurality of groups of original image data;
the unstable pixel searching unit is used for judging the unstable pixels of each group of acquired original image data frame by frame to obtain an unstable pixel list in each group of original image data, and merging the unstable pixel lists in each group of original image data to obtain the total unstable pixels of the infrared focal plane detector under the background of the temperature interval.
Further, the unstable pixel searching carries out unstable pixel judgment on each group of collected original image data frame by frame, and the unstable pixel list in each group of original image data is obtained specifically as follows:
selecting M surrounding pixel points by taking a pixel point I (I, j) of a certain frame image in original image data as a center, wherein I and j represent coordinate positions of the pixel point I in the frame image;
calculating pixel value differences of each pixel point I in the M pixel points around the pixel point I respectively to obtain M pixel value differences, and judging the number N of the pixel value differences larger than a preset threshold AD_thd;
if N is greater than
Figure BDA0002335113510000031
Judging the pixel point I as an unstable pixel;
traversing all pixel points of each frame of image area array in each group of original image data in a sliding window mode to obtain an unstable pixel list in each group of original image data.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention makes up the incomplete state of national standard about blind pixel identification, judges unstable pixels which can appear in the actual use state in advance, further improves the stability of image quality in the use process of the detector, and can search the unstable pixels in the full-temperature working interval to obtain a blind pixel list in the full-temperature interval.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for searching unstable pixels of an infrared focal plane detector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, as a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for searching unstable pixels of an infrared focal plane detector, the method comprising:
step 1, performing image correction and national standard blind pixel replacement in an infrared focal plane detector full temperature interval;
step 2, determining the background temperature of the infrared focal plane detector, and collecting the original image data imaged by the infrared focal plane detector which is started up for n times under each background temperature to obtain a plurality of groups of original image data;
and 3, carrying out unstable pixel judgment on each group of acquired original image data frame by frame to obtain an unstable pixel list in each group of original image data, and merging the unstable pixel lists in each group of original image data to obtain the total unstable pixel of the infrared focal plane detector under the background of the temperature interval.
The method comprises the steps of carrying out unstable pixel judgment on each group of collected original image data frame by frame, and obtaining an unstable pixel list in each group of original image data, wherein the unstable pixel list comprises the following specific steps:
step 3.1, selecting M surrounding pixel points by taking a pixel point I (I, j) of a certain frame image in original image data as a center, wherein I and j represent coordinate positions of the pixel point I in the frame image;
step 3.2, calculating pixel value differences of each pixel point of the pixel point I and the surrounding M pixel points respectively to obtain M pixel value differences, and judging the number N of the pixel value differences larger than a preset threshold AD_thd;
step 3.3, if N is greater than
Figure BDA0002335113510000051
Judging the pixel point I as an unstable pixel;
and 3.4, traversing all pixel points of each frame of image area array in each group of original image data in a sliding window mode to obtain an unstable pixel list in each group of original image data.
Wherein M is preferably 24, namely, taking the pixel point I as the center, selecting 24 surrounding pixel points to form a 5×5 pixel point array.
In step 2, the temperature difference between the adjacent background temperatures is preferably 5 °.
The method comprises the steps of firstly searching two blind pixels of dead pixels and overheat pixels of image data by the existing method, then judging unstable pixels which can appear in an actual use state, further improving the stability of image quality in the use process of the detector, and simultaneously searching the unstable pixels in a full-temperature working interval to obtain a blind pixel list of the full-temperature interval.
Preferably, the method further comprises: in step 3.3, after the pixel point I is determined to be an unstable pixel, the average value of the pixel values of M surrounding pixel points replaces the pixel value of the pixel point I, so that the pixel point I becomes a stable pixel.
Preferably, in step 2, raw image data imaged by the infrared focal plane detector for n times of startup is collected, and the obtaining of multiple sets of raw image data specifically includes:
after each start-up operation, the original image data are collected at the time points of 1h, 2h, and mh after the start-up operation, at each time point, K frames of original image data are acquired, thereby obtaining a plurality of sets of original image data.
Wherein m is preferably 4, k is preferably 6000, namely, the original image data are acquired at time points corresponding to 1h, 2h, 3h and 4h after each start-up, and 6000 frames of original image data are acquired at each time point.
As a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an infrared focal plane detector unstable pixel searching system, the system including a national standard blind pixel replacement unit, an original image data acquisition unit, and an unstable pixel searching unit;
the national standard blind pixel replacement unit is used for carrying out image correction and national standard blind pixel replacement in the full temperature interval of the infrared focal plane detector;
the original image data acquisition unit is used for determining the background temperature of the infrared focal plane detector, and acquiring the original image data imaged by the infrared focal plane detector which is started up for n times under each background temperature to obtain a plurality of groups of original image data;
the unstable pixel searching unit is used for judging the unstable pixels of each group of acquired original image data frame by frame to obtain an unstable pixel list in each group of original image data, and merging the unstable pixel lists in each group of original image data to obtain the total unstable pixels of the infrared focal plane detector under the background of the temperature interval.
Further, the unstable pixel searching carries out unstable pixel judgment on each group of collected original image data frame by frame, and the unstable pixel list in each group of original image data is obtained specifically as follows:
selecting M surrounding pixel points by taking a pixel point I (I, j) of a certain frame image in original image data as a center, wherein I and j represent coordinate positions of the pixel point I in the frame image;
calculating pixel value differences of each pixel point I in the M pixel points around the pixel point I respectively to obtain M pixel value differences, and judging the number N of the pixel value differences larger than a preset threshold AD_thd;
if N is greater than
Figure BDA0002335113510000061
Judging the pixel point I as an unstable pixel;
traversing all pixel points of each frame of image area array in each group of original image data in a sliding window mode to obtain an unstable pixel list in each group of original image data.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. An infrared focal plane detector unstable pixel searching method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, performing image correction and national standard blind pixel replacement in an infrared focal plane detector full temperature interval;
step 2, determining the background temperature of the infrared focal plane detector, and collecting the original image data imaged by the infrared focal plane detector which is started up for n times under each background temperature to obtain a plurality of groups of original image data;
step 3, carrying out unstable pixel judgment on each group of collected original image data frame by frame to obtain an unstable pixel list in each group of original image data, and merging the unstable pixel lists in each group of original image data to obtain the total unstable pixel of the infrared focal plane detector under the background of a temperature interval; in step 3, the unstable pixel determination is performed on each group of collected original image data frame by frame, and the unstable pixel list in each group of original image data is specifically obtained as follows:
step 3.1, selecting M surrounding pixel points by taking a pixel point I (I, j) of a certain frame image in original image data as a center, wherein I and j represent coordinate positions of the pixel point I in the frame image;
step 3.2, calculating pixel value differences of each pixel point of the pixel point I and the surrounding M pixel points respectively to obtain M pixel value differences, and judging the number N of the pixel value differences larger than a preset threshold AD_thd;
step 3.3, if N is greater than
Figure FDA0004224852470000011
Judging the pixel point I as an unstable pixel;
and 3.4, traversing all pixel points of each frame of image area array in each group of original image data in a sliding window mode to obtain an unstable pixel list in each group of original image data.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 3.1, m=24, and around 24 pixels are selected to form a 5×5 pixel array with pixel I as a center.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: in step 3.3, after the pixel point I is determined to be an unstable pixel, the average value of the pixel values of M surrounding pixel points replaces the pixel value of the pixel point I, so that the pixel point I becomes a stable pixel.
4. The method for searching unstable pixel of infrared focal plane detector according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, raw image data imaged by the infrared focal plane detector operated by n times of startup is collected, and the obtaining of multiple sets of raw image data is specifically:
after each start-up operation, the original image data are collected at the time points of 1h, 2h, and mh after the start-up operation, at each time point, k frames of raw image data are acquired, thereby obtaining a plurality of sets of raw image data.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein m=4 and k=6000.
6. The system is characterized by comprising a national standard blind pixel replacement unit, an original image data acquisition unit and an unstable pixel searching unit;
the national standard blind pixel replacement unit is used for carrying out image correction and national standard blind pixel replacement in the full temperature interval of the infrared focal plane detector;
the original image data acquisition unit is used for determining the background temperature of the infrared focal plane detector, and acquiring the original image data imaged by the infrared focal plane detector which is started up for n times under each background temperature to obtain a plurality of groups of original image data;
the unstable pixel searching unit is used for judging the unstable pixels of each group of acquired original image data frame by frame to obtain an unstable pixel list in each group of original image data, and merging the unstable pixel lists in each group of original image data to obtain the total unstable pixels of the infrared focal plane detector under the background of the temperature interval;
the unstable pixel searching is used for judging the unstable pixels of each group of acquired original image data frame by frame, and the unstable pixel list in each group of the original image data is obtained specifically as follows:
selecting M surrounding pixel points by taking a pixel point I (I, j) of a certain frame image in original image data as a center, wherein I and j represent coordinate positions of the pixel point I in the frame image; calculating pixel value differences of each pixel point I in the M pixel points around the pixel point I respectively to obtain M pixel value differences, and judging the number N of the pixel value differences larger than a preset threshold AD_thd; if N is greater than
Figure FDA0004224852470000031
Judging the pixel point I as an unstable pixel;
traversing all pixel points of each frame of image area array in each group of original image data in a sliding window mode to obtain an unstable pixel list in each group of original image data.
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