CN111008456A - Method for predicting service life of metal screen pipe under action of sand-containing fluid - Google Patents
Method for predicting service life of metal screen pipe under action of sand-containing fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN111008456A CN111008456A CN201911098648.6A CN201911098648A CN111008456A CN 111008456 A CN111008456 A CN 111008456A CN 201911098648 A CN201911098648 A CN 201911098648A CN 111008456 A CN111008456 A CN 111008456A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for predicting the service life of a metal screen pipe under the action of a sand-containing fluid, wherein the prediction method mainly comprises the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional model of the screen according to the structure of the metal screen to be predicted and the weaving mode of the metal screen; determining the property and the flow characteristics of the erosion fluid according to the actual environment of the stratum where the sieve tube to be predicted is located, and establishing the boundary condition and the calculation method of the erosion model according to the property and the flow characteristics of the erosion fluid; and analyzing the solved result so as to achieve the purpose of predicting the service life of the sieve tube. Compared with the condition that only short-term erosion experiments can be carried out in the mode of predicting the service life of the sieve tube by adopting an indoor experiment, the method can well predict the service life of the sieve tube which is eroded for a long time under the condition of comprehensively considering the erosion environment condition, and can ensure that the error between a simulation result and the service life of the sieve tube in actual production is less than 5 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of well completion engineering in petroleum engineering, in particular to a method for predicting the service life of a metal screen pipe under the action of a sand-containing fluid.
Background
Bottom hole sand production has been one of the important reasons that plague oil recovery operations. At present, foreign oil companies mostly adopt a mechanical sand control method to reduce the sand production at the bottom of a well. The mechanical sand control means that a sand control screen pipe is put into the well bottom, and sand grains at the well bottom are filtered through the surface of the screen pipe and a built-in metal mesh cloth. However, the screen work environment is harsh during the metal screen sand control process. Under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure at the bottom of the well, the sand-carrying oil flow impacts the metal sieve tube at high speed, and sand in the high-speed oil flow generates a cutting phenomenon on the surface of the metal sieve tube (namely small erosion pits appear on the surface of the sieve tube to generate certain mass loss). Under the long-time erosion effect, the quality loss of the surface of the sieve tube reaches a certain value, and then the sand prevention of the sieve tube fails.
The service life of the sand control screen pipe is an important subject to be solved in the current petroleum industry. At present, the research on the service life of the sand control screen pipe mainly comprises indoor tests, and according to the erosion characteristic and the filling principle of the metal screen pipe, the indoor tests need to be carried out for a long time in the experimental process, so that the time and the labor are extremely consumed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to restore the underground working condition of the metal sieve tube in a computer simulation mode, bring the underground working condition into a Fluent solver for solving, and further predict the service life of the sieve tube according to the solving result.
The invention provides a method for predicting the service life of a metal sieve tube under the action of a sand-containing fluid, which comprises the following steps:
1) establishing a physical model of the metal sieve tube according to the structure of the metal sieve tube;
2) establishing a reasonable mathematical model by combining the formation parameters of the metal sieve tube and the physical model;
3) and predicting the service life of the metal screen pipe according to the mathematical model.
Further, in the step 1), the structure of the metal sieve tube is sequentially provided with a treasure base tube (1), a double-layer metal net (2) and a shell (3) from inside to outside; the physical model includes: a protective sleeve flow passage established according to the structure of the shell (3), a mesh flow passage established according to the structure of the double-layer metal net (2) and a base pipe flow passage established according to the base pipe (1) mechanism.
Further, the mesh flow channels are meshes which are arranged in a staggered mode, and the diameter of each mesh is 500 micrometers.
Further, in the step 3), a calculation structure brought into a solver by a mathematical model is used for analysis, the erosion rate of the metal sieve tube is determined, and the service life of the metal sieve tube is calculated according to the erosion rate of the metal sieve tube.
Further, the mathematical model is a Finnie-like model.
Further, the method for calculating the service life of the metal screen pipe according to the erosion rate of the metal screen pipe comprises the steps of simulating a protective sleeve flow passage, a metal mesh flow passage and a base pipe flow passage of the metal screen pipe by using a numerical simulation model, and determining the erosion life of the screen pipe by combining a self-defined erosion model.
Firstly, a physical model of the metal sieve tube is established, wherein the physical model is mainly divided into three layers, namely a protective sleeve flow passage, a metal mesh flow passage and a base tube flow passage. The protection flow channel is restored according to the protection shell of the metal sieve tube, and the specific structure of the protection flow channel is consistent with that of the sieve tube protection shell; the design of the metal mesh flow channel adopts dislocation type arrangement (the weaving mode of the metal mesh is more complex, and a completely consistent physical model is not easy to establish), the main mode of the dislocation arrangement is to inquire related specifications to obtain the mesh size of the metal mesh with the same specification as the sieve tube, simplify other parts of the metal mesh in the establishment of the physical model, and only reserve the meshes; the physical model establishment of the base pipe flow passage is basically the same as the structure of the original screen pipe.
The mathematical calculation model adopts a self-established Finne-like model, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein
K is a correction coefficient and is determined according to experiments; cpFluid sand concentration,%; vpM/s as the flow rate of the fluid, f (α) as the erosion angle between the fluid and the metal piece, degree, t as the time, s.
The Fenni model considers the speed, the erosion angle and the particle factors (including the size, the dimension and the concentration), and is selected for the erosion numerical simulation of the sieve tube; and (3) combining actual production and indoor experimental conditions, performing parameter m, n and K regression on the basis of the Fenni model, and specifically determining and revising the use conditions.
The prediction of the service life of the metal sieve tube is mainly based on the solving result of the Finne model in the solver and combined with the mass loss of the metal sieve tube when the metal sieve tube fails, so that the final service life of the metal sieve tube is obtained.
The invention provides a life prediction method capable of simulating a metal sieve tube under the action of long-term erosion, which can be used for restoring the underground working condition of the sieve tube through a computer and simulating the erosion working condition of the metal sieve tube for a long time, thereby reducing the experiment time and the manpower required by the experiment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal screen, wherein (a) is a front view and (b) is a top view of the metal screen;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a physical model of a metal screen, wherein (a) is a physical model of a dislocation arrangement of a metal screen; FIG. B is the overall structure diagram of the physical model of the metal sieve tube;
FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing of a grid drawing of a metal screen;
FIG. 4 shows the results of metal screen erosion simulation for different sand concentrations; wherein the sand concentration in the graph (a) is 0.3 per mill, the inlet speed is 0.4m/s, the sand concentration in the graph (b) is 0.5 per mill, and the inlet speed is 0.4 m/s; in the graph (c), the sand concentration is 1.0 per mill, and the inlet speed is 0.4 m/s;
FIG. 5 is a plot of Finnie model versus screen erosion rate and life prediction for different inlet velocities, where the sand concentration in plot (a) is 0.3% o and the sand concentration in plot (b) is 0.5% o;
FIG. 6 is a well erosion rate profile;
FIG. 7 is a J34H well deposition rate profile;
FIG. 8 is predicted values of life for each production well for different mass losses;
FIG. 9 illustrates the erosion rate under the effect of velocity;
FIG. 10 erosion rates under the effect of sand concentration.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but they are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and are merely illustrative, and the advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a method for predicting the service life of a metal screen pipe under the action of a sand-containing fluid, which comprises the following steps.
1. And establishing a physical model of the metal screen pipe according to the structure of the metal screen pipe.
The structure of the metal screen pipe is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a base pipe 1, a double-layer metal net 2 and a shell 3 from inside to outside, wherein the double-layer metal net has a woven structure shown in fig. 1.
Constructing a physical model of the metal screen pipe according to the structure of the metal screen pipe: the double layer metal net 2 is shown with staggered mesh holes in fig. 2, and the physical model is shown in fig. 3 and comprises three layers, namely a protective sleeve flow passage, a metal mesh flow passage and a base pipe flow passage. The protection flow channel is restored according to the shell 3 of the metal sieve tube, and the specific structure of the protection flow channel is consistent with that of the sieve tube protection shell; the design of the metal mesh flow channel adopts dislocation type arrangement (the double-layer metal net 2 is represented by staggered metal meshes), the main mode of the dislocation arrangement is to inquire related specifications to obtain the mesh size of the metal mesh with the same specification as the sieve tube, other parts of the metal mesh are simplified in the establishment of a physical model, and only the meshes are reserved; the physical modelling of the substrate tube flow path is essentially the same as the structure of the substrate tube 1.
2. Calculation using a Finne-like model:
the mathematical calculation model adopts a self-established Finne-like model, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein E represents the burst rate; k is a correction coefficient and is determined according to experiments; cpFluid sand concentration,%; vpIs the fluid flow rate, m/s; t is time, s; m and n are regression coefficients.
And finally selecting a Finne-like model to solve according to the underground working condition of the screen pipe. The simulated cloud pattern of erosion of the metal screen at different grit concentrations is shown in fig. 4.
Carrying out metal mesh erosion simulation under the conditions of different speeds and sand-containing concentrations, firstly fixing the sand-containing concentration to be unchanged, carrying out erosion simulation with the erosion speed of 0.5-3m/s, increasing the erosion time at the rate of 20 hours to obtain the erosion quality loss under the action of different erosion speeds, calculating the erosion rate by using the quality loss/time, drawing a relation graph of the erosion speed and the loss rate as shown in figure 9, fitting a curve to obtain the average value of n as the n value, and obtaining the average value of K as the K value.
Then, the erosion speed is fixed to be unchanged, erosion simulation with the sand content concentration of 0.3-8% s is carried out, the erosion time is increased at the rate of 20 hours, erosion mass loss under the action of different sand content concentrations is obtained, the erosion rate is calculated by using the mass loss/time, the n value and the K value are fixed, a relation graph (figure 10) of the sand content concentration and the loss rate is drawn, data fitting is carried out by using a formula (1) to obtain the m value, and the average value of m is obtained to be used as the m value. Thus, the parameters m, n and K are determined.
The Finne formula is an existing erosion rate evaluation formula, after a physical model is established according to the actual structure of the sieve tube, the data of fluid sand concentration, fluid flow rate, erosion angle and the like set in the process of entering an experiment in fluent are solved by combining the Finne formula with the established sieve tube physical model, and finally the influence of factors such as the erosion rate of the sieve tube, the flow rate, the sand concentration and the like on the erosion rate of the sieve tube under the experiment condition is obtained.
After determining the erosion rate, the numerical model was used to calculate the erosion rate of the metal screen simulating different inlet velocities at the same sand concentration (see tables 1 and 2 for simulation results).
TABLE 1 Screen erosion characteristics and Life prediction (mass loss 0.3 ‰) at different entry velocities and different erosion models
TABLE 2 Screen erosion characteristics and Life prediction (mass loss 0.5 ‰) at different entry velocities and different erosion models
The liquid velocity in Table 1 is Vp，CpAnd (3) setting the erosion mass loss to reach 3% or 5% of the original sieve tube for the sand content of the fluid, and considering that the sieve tube is invalid, wherein the erosion mass reaches the condition that the time t corresponds to the service life.
Based on the above conditions, an actual life prediction (sand concentration 3 ‰) of the metal screen was obtained, as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 prediction of the life of a metal screen
Example 1
Taking four sand outlet wells J19H, J34H, I02H and H19H in a certain place as examples, the service life of the metal screen pipe is predicted.
1. Simulating operating conditions and parameter settings, using set VpFlow rate, CpThe sand concentration and the t erosion time are substituted into a fluent solver to calculate and then the erosion rate E is obtained, and E, V is combinedp、CpAnd fitting the values of t to the values of m, n and K to determine the values of m, n and K, further obtaining a complete erosion rate formula, and predicting the service life of the sieve tube by combining with a quality loss judgment condition. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) R-R distribution of particle sizes for each well number based on measurement data for a given well site
Table 4 shows the characteristic value of Rosin-Rammler particle size distribution according to the field data of the sand producing well, and the sand particle size distribution of the sand producing well can be simulated by introducing the characteristic value in the simulation.
TABLE 4 Sand well site data particle size analysis
(2) Simulated yield
Since the raw data does not give production well structural parameters. The simulation also did not estimate the yield, so the average oil recovery index was temporarily 60m3When the flow rate was measured in m.MPa, the flow rate was 0.4m/s in terms of inlet flow rate. The aim is to analyze which well sand production particle size distribution is the most unfavorable to the screen under the same production, and provide a reference for how to prevent sand.
(3) Oil-water mixture density and viscosity
The density is calculated using a weighted average of the water cut. Calculation of viscosity: and calculating the viscosity of the oil-water mixture according to a Mcadam formula, wherein the formula has higher precision. The reference values are shown in table 5, and the oil-water mixture density and viscosity for each production well are shown in table 6.
TABLE 5 Density and viscosity of pure oil or pure water
| Density of oil | 850 | Viscosity of crude oil | 0.005 |
| Density of water | 1000 | Viscosity of water | 0.001003 |
TABLE 6 oil-water mixture Density and viscosity for each production well
And analyzing results, and calculating the service life according to the sand blocking effect of 5% mass loss, wherein the comparison result of the service life predicted values of the four sand outlet wells J19H, J34H, I02H and H19H and the actual sand blocking aging (actual service life) of the screen pipe on site is shown in FIG. 8, and the specific numerical records are shown in Table 7.
Table 7 simulation results error contrast
As can be seen from the table 7 and the figure 8, the error between the predicted service life and the actual service life of the invention is less than 5%, the calculation error is small, the calculation method is simple, the working condition of the sieve tube under the well can be reduced by the computer under the condition of not needing complex laboratory tests, the erosion working condition of the metal sieve tube can be simulated for a long time, and the experiment time and the consumption of manpower required by the experiment are reduced.
Claims (6)
1. A method for predicting the service life of a metal screen pipe under the action of a sand-containing fluid is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) establishing a physical model of the metal sieve tube according to the structure of the metal sieve tube;
2) establishing a mathematical model by combining the formation parameters of the metal sieve tube and the physical model;
3) and predicting the service life of the metal screen pipe according to the mathematical model.
2. The prediction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the structure of the metal screen pipe comprises a treasure base pipe (1), a double-layer metal net (2) and a shell (3) from inside to outside in sequence; the physical model includes: a protective sleeve flow passage established according to the structure of the shell (3), a mesh flow passage established according to the structure of the double-layer metal net (2) and a base pipe flow passage established according to the base pipe (1) mechanism.
3. The prediction method of claim 2, wherein the mesh flow channels are staggered meshes, and the mesh diameter is 500 μm.
4. The prediction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the erosion rate of the metal screen pipe is determined by analyzing a calculation structure introduced into a solver by a mathematical model, and the service life of the metal screen pipe is calculated according to the erosion rate of the metal screen pipe.
5. The prediction method according to claim 4, characterized in that the mathematical model is a Finnie-like model.
6. The prediction method of claim 5, wherein the method for calculating the service life of the metal screen pipe according to the erosion rate of the metal screen pipe comprises simulating a protective sleeve flow passage, a metal mesh flow passage and a base pipe flow passage of the metal screen pipe by using a numerical simulation model, and determining the erosion life of the screen pipe by combining a self-defined erosion model.
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| WO2016090334A1 (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-09 | National Oilwell Varco, L.P. | Method of closing a blowout preventer seal based on seal erosion |
| CN105928813A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-09-07 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Method for predicting washout service life of oil well sand control screen |
| CN109543290A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-03-29 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of deep water gas well sand control screen erosion method for numerical simulation |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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