CN111004883B

CN111004883B - Solar energy molten reduced iron device and process

Info

Publication number: CN111004883B
Application number: CN201911374532.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周斌
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-12-27
Filing date: 2019-12-27
Publication date: 2021-09-17
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-27
Also published as: CN111004883A

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar device, in particular to a solar molten reduced iron device and a process, belonging to the technical field of molten reduced iron process equipment and processes; the device comprises a molten reduced iron reaction mechanism and a Fresnel lens mechanism, wherein solar energy is converted into heat energy through the Fresnel lens mechanism to be used for the molten reduced iron reaction; the invention can directly convert solar radiation energy into heat energy required by iron-containing materials and reducing agents to complete smelting reduction, utilizes green energy sources, has the advantages of little waste gas emission, no dust emission, no industrial wastewater emission, no waste slag emission, little environmental influence, low production cost of reduced iron, strong operability of the process, realization of large-scale production by modular design, strong adaptability of raw materials, low and flexible investment cost, good product quality, high automation degree and the like.

Description

Solar energy molten reduced iron device and process

Technical Field

The invention relates to a solar device, in particular to a solar molten reduced iron device and process, and belongs to the technical field of molten reduced iron process equipment and processes.

Background

Fresnel lenses (Fresnel lenses), also known as screw lenses, are mostly sheets of polyolefin material that are injection-molded, and are also made of glass, one surface of the lens is smooth, and the other surface is inscribed with concentric circles from small to large, and the texture of the lens is designed according to the requirements of light interference and interference, relative sensitivity and receiving angle.

At present, a plurality of smelting reduction methods are available in the world, such as a Corex process, a HIsmelt process, a Finex process and the like, wherein the Corex process technology is mature and forms an industrial production scale, and the Corex developed in 70 s by the austempered alliance (VAI) is the most mature smelting reduction technology at present and is the only industrialized smelting reduction process at present. In the existing smelting reduction technology, whether a one-step method or a two-step method, an oxygen coal method or an electric coal method, a large amount of energy is consumed in the processes of production preparation, reducing gas preparation, oxygen injection operation, reducing and melting of iron-containing materials and slagging, and the refractory material is also greatly lost. Compared with the blast furnace process, the Corex process has the advantages of low SO2/NOX and dust emission amount, low emission amount of phenols, sulfides and ammonia in wastewater, large total amount and environmental friendliness. In addition, the investment is large, the operation cost is high, and the method is only inferior to a blast furnace.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: aiming at the existing problems, the solar energy molten reduced iron device and the process can greatly reduce the energy consumption of the molten reduced iron and improve the quality of the reduced iron, and the solar energy molten reduced iron device has the advantages of reasonable structure, high automation degree, simple process, no dust emission, no industrial wastewater emission, no waste residue emission, no carbon dioxide emission which is lower than that of the various molten reduction technologies 1/3, environmental protection, less investment and flexibility, and can meet the requirement of mass production of high-quality reduced iron.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a solar energy melting reduced iron device, includes melting reduced iron reaction mechanism and fresnel lens mechanism, converts solar energy into heat energy through fresnel lens mechanism and is used for the melting reduced iron reaction, and this melting reduced iron reaction mechanism includes airtight reduction case, is provided with reduction vessel and collection container in this airtight reduction case.

Further, still include the base, this airtight reduction case is rotatable to be set up on the base, and the below of this reduction container sets up the collection container who is used for collecting the material, and the outside of airtight reduction case is provided with the hopper, and this hopper passes through conveyer and reduction container intercommunication, and this airtight reduction case still is provided with the gas vent, and the top of this airtight reduction case sets up fresnel lens mechanism and solar tracker, focuses on solar energy to reduction container through fresnel lens mechanism in order to realize the reduction technology.

Further, the fresnel lens structure comprises a support arranged on the closed reduction box and a fresnel lens arranged on the support.

Furthermore, Fresnel lens is monoblock structure, or the polylith is assembled and is an overall structure, or is assembled for the independent Fresnel lens structure of polylith and forms.

Furthermore, the Fresnel lens is formed by assembling a plurality of independent Fresnel lens structures, and each independent Fresnel lens structure is coupled and then conveyed to a reduction container through an optical fiber for melting reduced iron.

Furthermore, the top of the closed reduction box is made of transparent plane glass, or the top of the closed reduction box is opened and sealed through a Fresnel lens, so that the Fresnel lens can focus sunlight to the reduction container.

Furthermore, the closed reduction box is assembled on the base through a rolling bearing and is driven by a driving device.

Furthermore, the conveying device comprises a spiral conveying device arranged on the outer side of the closed reduction box and a conveying pipe arranged in the closed reduction box, the feeding opening section of the spiral conveying device is communicated with the hopper, the discharging opening is communicated with the conveying pipe, and the other end of the conveying pipe is positioned above the reduction container.

Furthermore, the reduction container is of a disc type structure, a plurality of material containing cavities distributed in an array are arranged on the circumferential side wall of the disc, and the reduction container can rotate.

Furthermore, the system also comprises a temperature tester for detecting the reduction container and a control system for controlling so as to realize the intellectualization of the system;

the carbon monoxide detector is further included so as to detect the concentration of carbon monoxide in the surrounding environment;

still including setting up in the material level sensor of hopper to detect the condition of material level.

A solar energy molten reduced iron process, comprising the steps of:

a. placing the materials into a feed hopper, and starting a reduction device to convey the materials in the feed hopper into a reduction container;

b. the intensity of sunlight is identified through a sun tracker, the sealed reduction box is adjusted to the position with the best sunlight through adjustment, the sunlight is focused to the reduction container through a Fresnel lens, materials in the reduction container are heated, the gas in the sealed reduction box is emptied, the gas in the sealed reduction box is carbon monoxide, and then the melting reduction reaction is realized;

c. after the material melts, its metal liquid carries out the layering with the dregs, because the metal is heavier, its liquid can sink to the below, and the completion back, reduction container rotates, switches another material and holds the chamber, analogizes in proper order, when the material holds the chamber and is located the below, falls naturally and enters into the collection container under the effect of its gravity.

Furthermore, in the step b, a temperature detector is further arranged at the reduction container, and the focusing and reduction reaction time of the Fresnel lens can be controlled and the feeding amount can be controlled through the temperature detection.

Further, the material comprises metal ore and a reducing agent;

the metal ore is hematite, laterite, vanadium titano-magnetite, high-phosphorus iron ore, limonite, iron-containing sea sand, red mud, dust removal ash of iron and steel works, welding slag, cutting slag, iron scale or sulfuric acid slag;

the reducing agent is one or a mixture of more of anthracite, bituminous coal, lignite, petroleum coke, coke powder, semi-coke powder and charcoal.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the device and the process can directly convert solar radiation energy into heat energy required by completing the smelting reduction of the iron-containing material and the reducing agent without electric energy and chemical energy, and utilize green energy sources, have less waste gas emission, no dust emission, no industrial wastewater emission and no waste slag emission, have small environmental impact and have low production cost of reduced iron. The process for reducing iron by melting by solar energy is also very simple, only the iron-containing powder is fully mixed with the reducing agent, the slag agent and the sulfur fixing agent, and the reduced iron and slag are crushed, separated by magnetic separation and pressed into iron particles.

Drawings

The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the reducing vessel of the present invention.

The labels in the figure are: the device comprises a base 1, a closed reduction box 2, a reduction container 3, a collection container 4, a hopper 5, an exhaust port 6, a spiral conveying device 7, a conveying pipe 8, a support 9, a Fresnel lens 10, a material accommodating cavity 11, a sun tracker 12 and a temperature tester 13.

Detailed Description

All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.

Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.

Example 1

A solar energy molten reduced iron apparatus, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, comprises a molten reduced iron reaction mechanism and a Fresnel lens mechanism, wherein solar energy is converted into heat energy through the Fresnel lens mechanism for the molten reduced iron reaction, the molten reduced iron reaction mechanism comprises a closed reduction box 2, and a reduction container 3 and a collection container 4 are arranged in the closed reduction box.

In principle, based on the design of the above specific embodiment, as a specific design, the reduction box further comprises a base 1, the closed reduction box 2 is rotatably arranged on the base, a collection container 4 for collecting materials is arranged below the reduction container, a hopper 5 is arranged outside the closed reduction box 2, the hopper is communicated with the reduction container through a conveying device, the closed reduction box is further provided with an exhaust port 6, a fresnel lens mechanism and a solar tracker 12 are arranged at the top of the closed reduction box 2, and solar energy is focused to the reduction container through the fresnel lens mechanism to realize a reduction process.

In the embodiment, solar energy is used as heat energy supply for melting the reduced iron, so that the energy consumption and the cost for producing the reduced iron are greatly reduced, the reduced iron is granular, the iron content is over 97 percent, the quality of the reduced iron is further improved due to the fact that the temperature of melting reduction can be controlled, and the reduced iron is a high-quality raw material for steelmaking.

As a more specific design, in another specific embodiment, the fresnel lens structure includes a support 9 disposed on the closed reduction box and a fresnel lens 10 disposed on the support. Here, the fresnel lens 10 is provided with an adjusting means for automatic focusing of the fresnel lens. In a specific design, the fresnel lens can be kept perpendicular to the sunlight, and the technology is also currently available. The technology disclosed in published patent documents cn201110008824.X and CN200920316466.7, and the associated 200920094164. X. Therefore, the focusing efficiency is effectively improved. As a specific description, the fresnel lens is driven by the motor to adjust the direction mainly according to the local sun motion trajectory in combination with related calculation, so as to achieve the effect of automatic focusing.

In the above-mentioned specific implementation, the fresnel lens is a monolithic structure, or a plurality of fresnel lens structures are assembled to form an integral structure. As a specific description of the three types, the fresnel lens is a one-piece structure based on certain manufacturing cost and manufacturing difficulty. Secondly, the integral structure that the multiple Fresnel lenses are assembled is that the multiple Fresnel lens units are assembled, the installation position and the lines of each unit are fixedly arranged, and the installation and the manufacture still cause higher cost.

And finally, assembling a plurality of independent Fresnel lens structures. I.e. each fresnel lens element is a fresnel lens. As a more specific design, the fresnel lens is formed by assembling a plurality of independent fresnel lens structures, and each independent fresnel lens structure is coupled and then conveyed to a reduction container by an optical fiber for melting reduced iron.

Based on the design principle of the above specific embodiment, in another specific embodiment, the top of the closed reduction box 2 is made of transparent plane glass, or the top is open and sealed by a fresnel lens, so that the fresnel lens can focus sunlight to the reduction container. As a specific design, in the design, the Fresnel lens can be effectively ensured to heat and raise the temperature of materials by adopting the mode, so that the melting reduction reaction is realized.

In principle, in one embodiment, the sealed reduction box is mounted on the base through a rolling bearing, and is driven by a driving device. As another specific design, a driving motor is arranged on the base, the closed reduction box is assembled on a rotor of the driving motor through a speed reducer, and the driving motor is a stepping motor generally due to the control requirement. In the embodiment, as a specific design, the driving motor is assembled outside the sealed reduction box, gear teeth are arranged on the circumference of the lower part of the sealed reduction box, and the driving motor drives the sealed reduction box to rotate through the matching of the gear and the gear teeth. In addition, at least 3 rollers are arranged between the bottom side surface of the closed reduction box and the top surface of the base, and the rollers are arranged at the bottom of the closed reduction box to improve the supporting force and the stability of rotation. Specifically, a driving mode of a worm and gear is adopted between the gear teeth at the bottom of the closed reduction box and the driving motor.

Based on the above embodiment, in another embodiment, the conveying device comprises a spiral conveying device 7 arranged outside the closed reduction box and a conveying pipe 8 arranged in the closed reduction box, wherein the feeding port section of the spiral conveying device 7 is communicated with the hopper, the discharging port is communicated with the conveying pipe 8, and the other end of the conveying pipe is positioned above the reduction container. In this case, the conveying pipe is placed in the closed reduction box and has a relatively high temperature, so that the conveying pipe 8 is made of a high temperature resistant material and the screw conveyer is made of a high temperature resistant stainless steel material in the actual material manufacturing.

In another embodiment, based on the principle of the above embodiment, the reduction container is a disc structure, and a plurality of material cavities 11 are arranged on the circumferential side wall of the disc, and the reduction container can rotate. The reduction container is driven to rotate by a driving motor as a controllable device. The rotation of the reduction vessel can be controlled according to actual conditions.

As a more specific design, the device further comprises a temperature tester 13 for detecting the reduction container and a control system for controlling so as to realize the intellectualization of the system;

More specifically, the control system is electrically connected to the driving device of the sealed reduction box, the adjusting device of the fresnel lens, the driving device of the reduction container, the driving device of the spiral conveying device, the temperature tester and the sun tracker in the above description, and adjusts the driving device of the sealed reduction box, the adjusting device of the fresnel lens through the feedback of sunlight, and adjusts the driving device of the reduction container and the driving device of the spiral conveying device through the feedback of temperature. In this design, because the special environment of the detection of temperature, in this design, temperature detector is infrared temperature detector.

As a more specific design, the upper part of the Fresnel lens is provided with an automatic dust removal and protection device, the dust removal is timed to ensure that the light transmission is not influenced, and the protection device is used for closing and protecting the Fresnel lens when in wind blowing, raining, snowing, hail, cloudy day and night. The automatic ash cleaning device and the protection device are electrically connected with a control system. More specifically, the control system is communicated with the computer PC, and the control system is controlled by the PC side. Therefore, the installation of the monitoring system can be increased, the manual field operation is avoided, and higher safety performance is realized.

As a specific design, based on the above embodiments in all/any combination, as a specific process, a solar molten reduced iron process, comprising the steps of:

In the step b, a temperature detector is further arranged at the reduction container, and the focusing and reduction reaction time of the Fresnel lens can be controlled and the feeding amount can be controlled through temperature detection.

In a further design, the material comprises metal ore and a reducing agent;

In the above-described embodiment, the material of the reduction vessel is designed, and the material used for the reduction vessel is one of carbon, graphite, silicon carbide, cermet, corundum, and the like. The materials are relatively static in the reaction process of melting and reducing the iron, so that the refractory material is not scoured and corroded, the temperature is lower than 1700 ℃, and the service life of the refractory material is greatly prolonged.

As a more specific design, the fresnel lens is integrally formed, or a plurality of fresnel lenses may be assembled. More specifically, for the design of the area of the Fresnel lens, the size of the Fresnel lens is more than 0.8 square meter, the square meter is 0.8-100 square meters, and the capacity of the corresponding reduced iron is 3-400 Kg/h.

As a further design, under the condition that a plurality of Fresnel lenses are assembled by selecting the Fresnel lenses, all the Fresnel lenses are focused and coupled and then are converged and conveyed to a molten reduced iron workshop by optical fibers, and the molten reduced iron is produced in a centralized manner, so that the investment, production and transportation costs can be saved, and the management is convenient.

In the process, during material preparation, the mixture of the iron-containing powder, the reducing agent, the slag agent and the sulfur fixing agent is black (the blackness value is very high), the efficiency of converting solar radiation energy into heat energy is high, the temperature rise is fast, and the time for heating, reducing and melting the material is short.

The process steps are further illustrated in FIG. 2:

1. preparing materials, mixing metal ores (iron, manganese, chromium, nickel, copper, lead, zinc and magnesium) to be reduced with a reducing agent, and adding a slag agent and a sulfur-fixing agent for charging and mixing;

2. putting the mixed materials into a hopper;

3. the opening device is driven by a driving device of the spiral conveying device firstly, so that the materials are conveyed to the reduction container through the spiral conveying device and the conveying pipe;

4. after the materials are conveyed in place, according to the condition of the sun, the feedback of the sun tracker enables the driving device of the closed reduction box and the adjusting device of the Fresnel lens to adjust, so that the optimal angle is promoted, and a better focusing effect is realized;

5. after the materials are heated, the air in the closed reduction box is emptied when the first part of the materials are heated, the driving device of the reduction container is controlled to drive the reduction device to rotate according to the detection of the temperature of the material part, the spiral conveying device is started to convey the materials after the materials rotate by a certain angle, the reduction container rotates to enable liquid iron and slag to be separated from the sunlight focus position to be cooled, and when the reduction container rotates to a certain angle, the iron and slag which are cooled into solid are lost weight and fall into a collecting container;

6. and (4) continuously circulating the steps 1-5 in the daytime with sunlight, and only needing the step 5 emptying link.

The subsequent process of the collected materials comprises crushing and magnetic separation, iron is screened out through the effect of magnetic attraction after crushing, and the waste residues can be used for cement factories.

In this case, the exhaust gas is carbon monoxide due to the presence of the vent, which may be connected to a collection device for safety and energy use. And the carbon monoxide can be used for gas power generation for secondary combustion. The carbon monoxide gas is concentrated and then is conveyed into a gas tank through dust removal, cooling and pressurization, and is supplied to a dryer and a gas generator, and the electricity generated by the generator is supplied to the operation of a system, and comprises the electricity consumption of raw material preparation, the driving of a molten reduced iron device, crushing, magnetic separation, iron particle briquetting, office work, life and the like.

In the above-mentioned specific embodiment, especially the application environment, the heating temperature of the material can reach above 1350 ℃ when the device is melted and reduced, and the device is not affected by the environmental temperature, and is especially suitable for areas with long sunshine duration and strong solar radiation, such as Xinjiang, inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, Shaanbei, Yunnan, Panzhihua, and West Chang.

In conclusion, the device and the process for smelting and reducing iron by solar energy can directly convert solar radiation energy into heat energy required by the iron-containing materials and the reducing agent to complete smelting and reducing, do not need electric energy and chemical energy, utilize green energy, have less waste gas emission, no dust emission, no industrial wastewater emission and no waste slag emission, have little environmental impact and have low production cost of reduced iron. The process for reducing iron by melting by solar energy is also very simple, only the iron-containing powder is fully mixed with the reducing agent, the slag agent and the sulfur fixing agent, and the reduced iron and slag are crushed, separated by magnetic separation and pressed into iron particles.

The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.

Claims

1. A solar energy melting reduced iron device is characterized in that: the system comprises a molten reduced iron reaction mechanism and a Fresnel lens mechanism, wherein solar energy is converted into heat energy through the Fresnel lens mechanism to be used for molten reduced iron reaction, the molten reduced iron reaction mechanism comprises a closed reduction box (2), and a reduction container (3) and a collection container (4) are arranged in the closed reduction box;

the reduction container is provided with a plurality of material containing cavities (11) distributed in an array and can rotate; after the materials are melted, the metal liquid and the slag are layered, the liquid sinks to the lower part due to the heavier metal, after the completion, the reduction container rotates, another material containing cavity is switched, and the like, and when the material containing cavity is positioned at the lowest part, the liquid naturally falls under the action of the gravity and enters the collection container;

the material comprises metal ore and a reducing agent;

2. A solar molten reduced iron apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include base (1), this airtight reduction case (2) is rotatable to be set up on the base, the below of this reduction case sets up collection container (4) that are used for collecting the material, the outside of airtight reduction case (2) is provided with hopper (5), this hopper passes through conveyer and reduction container intercommunication, this airtight reduction case still is provided with gas vent (6), the top of this airtight reduction case (2) sets up fresnel lens mechanism and solar tracker (12), focus solar energy to the reduction container through fresnel lens mechanism in order to realize reduction technology.

3. A solar molten reduced iron apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the Fresnel lens mechanism comprises a support (9) arranged on the closed reduction box and a Fresnel lens (10) arranged on the support.

4. A solar molten reduced iron apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: fresnel lens is monoblock structure, or the polylith is assembled and is overall structure, perhaps assembles for the independent Fresnel lens structure of polylith and forms.

5. The solar molten reduced iron apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the Fresnel lens is formed by assembling a plurality of independent Fresnel lens structures, and each independent Fresnel lens structure is coupled and then conveyed to a reduction container through an optical fiber to be used for melting reduced iron.

6. The solar molten reduced iron apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the closed reduction box is assembled on the base through a rolling bearing and is driven by the driving device.

7. The solar molten reduced iron apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the conveying device comprises a spiral conveying device (7) arranged on the outer side of the closed reduction box and a conveying pipe (8) arranged in the closed reduction box, the feeding opening section of the spiral conveying device (7) is communicated with the hopper, the discharging opening is communicated with the conveying pipe (8), and the other end of the conveying pipe is positioned above the reduction container.

8. A solar molten reduced iron apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the reduction container is of a disc type structure, a plurality of material containing cavities (11) distributed in an array are formed in the circumferential side wall of the disc, and the reduction container can rotate.

9. The solar molten reduced iron apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the system also comprises a temperature tester (13) for detecting the reduction container and a control system for controlling so as to realize the intellectualization of the system;

10. A solar molten reduced iron process using the solar molten reduced iron apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

a. placing the materials into a feed hopper, and starting a reduction device to convey the materials in the feed hopper into a reduction container; the material comprises metal ore and a reducing agent;

the reducing agent is one or a mixture of more of anthracite, bituminous coal, lignite, petroleum coke, coke powder, semi-coke powder and charcoal;