CN111003797B - Two-phase flow biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria - Google Patents
Two-phase flow biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria Download PDFInfo
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- CN111003797B CN111003797B CN201911382378.1A CN201911382378A CN111003797B CN 111003797 B CN111003797 B CN 111003797B CN 201911382378 A CN201911382378 A CN 201911382378A CN 111003797 B CN111003797 B CN 111003797B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention discloses a two-phase flow biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria, wherein a fixed plate parallel to the bottom of an aerobic tank is arranged in the aerobic tank, a plurality of air holes for gas to pass through are arranged on the fixed plate, aerobic filler blocks are filled in the adjacent fixed plates, an aeration device is arranged below the fixed plate, and a mixture of an active carrier, the composite oil removing bacteria and a nutrient thereof is arranged in the aerobic filler blocks. The active carrier is 20-40 parts of modified active carbon fiber. The composite oil removing bacteria are several of bacillus, saccharomyces or micrococcus. The nutritional agent comprises 2-6 parts of uric acid, 1-6 parts of phosphate, 8-16 parts of glucose, 0.4-1.2 parts of arachidonic acid, 0.3-0.9 part of sucrose polyester and 1-4 parts of magnesium sulfate. Has the advantages that: the bacterial strain changes the hydrophobicity of the surface of the bacterial strain through releasing surface active substances on the surface of the bacterial strain, so that the bacterial strain is easier to attach to the surface of the hydrocarbon substance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil removing bacteria for treating oily sewage, and particularly relates to a two-phase flow biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria.
Background
With the development of human society and the acceleration of industrialization, local marine environment is polluted and damaged, and even the human health is harmed. The ocean shipping has the advantages of low cost and large transportation tonnage, so 60 percent of the total world oil production is transported by ships in ocean. While the marine transportation is rapidly developed, part of oil enters the marine environment along with ballast water of a cruise ship, oil tank washing water and cabin bilge water of other ships in the navigation process, 50-100 ten thousand tons per year are achieved, and 35% of marine environmental pollution events are caused by ship pollution. Oil substances leaked into the ocean have serious influence on the ocean environment.
The oil components in the oily sewage at the bottom of a ship cabin mainly exist in three forms, namely floating oil, dispersed oil and emulsified oil. The emulsified oil is oil drops with extremely tiny particle sizes or oil in an emulsified state formed by dispersed oil drops under the action of a surface active substance, and the tiny oil drops can be stably suspended in water and are difficult to separate. At present, the traditional separation method for oily sewage at the bilge of a ship mainly depends on a physical separation principle, namely, methods such as gravity separation, filtration separation and the like are used for removing the floating oil in the oily sewage, so that the separation method has a good effect of removing the floating oil and the dispersed oil, but can not effectively remove the emulsified oil in the floating oil and the dispersed oil.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a two-phase flowing biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria.
The invention is provided in view of the above.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a two-phase flow biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria, so as to solve at least one technical problem.
The two-phase flow biological bed based on the composite oil removing bacteria is characterized in that a fixing plate parallel to the bottom of an aerobic tank is arranged in the aerobic tank, a plurality of air holes for gas to pass through are formed in the fixing plate, aerobic filler blocks are filled in the adjacent fixing plates, an aeration device is arranged below the fixing plate, and a mixture of an active carrier, the composite oil removing bacteria and a nutrient thereof is arranged in the aerobic filler blocks.
The active carrier is modified active carbon fiber, and the modified active carbon fiber accounts for 20-40 parts by weight.
By adopting the scheme, the modified activated carbon fiber has a large number of hydrogen ion active groups, phospholipid molecules on the surface of the composite oil removing bacteria can form hydrogen bonds with the active groups on the surface of the modified activated carbon fiber, and the composite oil removing bacteria has good adhesive force on the pore surface of the modified activated carbon fiber. In addition, the modified activated carbon fiber has rich pore structures, and provides a relatively stable growth place for the growth and proliferation of the composite oil removing bacteria.
The composite oil removing bacteria are several of bacillus, saccharomyces or micrococcus, and the composite oil removing bacteria account for 10-25 parts by weight.
By adopting the scheme, the composite oil removing bacteria carry out aerobic degradation on the petroleum pollutants, and the petroleum pollutants are dehydrogenized and oxidized by oxidase in the composite oil removing bacteria. The specific process is that oxygen enters into cells through an active transportation mode to provide electron acceptors for microorganisms, and the oxygen is combined into a substrate to form an oxygen-containing intermediate and then is converted into nutrient substances for self growth and proliferation. In the growth process of the composite oil removing bacteria, the bacterial strain releases surface active substances on the surfaces of the bacterial strains to change the hydrophobicity of the surfaces of the bacterial strains, so that the bacterial strains are easier to attach to the surfaces of hydrocarbon substances. The hydrocarbon substances contacted with the thalli are actively conveyed into the thalli through macromolecular proteins on cell membranes to be degraded. Therefore, if the composite oil removing bacteria are needed to achieve a good oil removing effect, enough oxygen needs to be provided for the composite oil removing bacteria.
The nutrient is uric acid, phosphate, glucose, arachidonic acid, sucrose polyester and magnesium sulfate, and the content of the uric acid is 2-6 parts, the content of the phosphate is 1-6 parts, the content of the glucose is 8-16 parts, the content of the arachidonic acid is 0.4-1.2 parts, the content of the sucrose polyester is 0.3-0.9 part and the content of the magnesium sulfate is 1-4 parts by weight.
By adopting the scheme, uric acid, phosphate, glucose, arachidonic acid, sucrose polyester and magnesium sulfate can provide sufficient nutrient substances for the growth and proliferation of the composite oil-removing bacteria. Wherein, the arachidonic acid and the sucrose polyester have obvious synergistic effect on improving the activity of superoxide dismutase in the bacterial strain cell. The increase of the activity of superoxide dismutase in the composite oil removing bacterium cell can improve the metabolism in the bacterium body, thereby improving the absorption speed of the composite oil removing bacterium on hydrocarbon substances. Meanwhile, the moving speed of the composite oil removing bacteria to hydrocarbon substances is also obviously increased.
Preferably, good oxygen filler piece is in including storing up the oxygen chamber, encircleing the setting storage chamber outside storing up the oxygen chamber and encircleing the setting and being in fixed shell outside the storage chamber, be equipped with venturi way in the fixed shell, the entry on venturi way sets up towards good oxygen pond bottom of the pool, the diffuser section and the oxygen chamber intercommunication on venturi way, be equipped with the through-hole that is used for oxygen and rivers to pass through between storage chamber and the oxygen chamber.
By adopting the scheme, the oxygen generated by the aeration device moves upwards under the action of buoyancy. The gas-liquid mixed liquid formed by the smaller oxygen bubbles and the water flow enters the Venturi tube from the inlet section, when the gas-liquid mixed liquid passes through the contraction section and the throat with the reduced inner diameter, the flowing speed of the gas-liquid mixed liquid is changed, the water flow extrudes the bubbles, and the smaller oxygen bubbles are mutually fused to form the larger oxygen bubbles. And in the process that the larger oxygen bubbles reach the material storage chamber from the through hole and are discharged from the material storage chamber from the drainage pipeline, the resistance is larger, and the stay time of the oxygen bubbles in the oxygen storage chamber and the material storage chamber is longer. The oxygen bubbles and the composite oil removing bacteria attached to the modified activated carbon fibers have sufficient contact time, the composite oil removing bacteria can obtain enough electron acceptors, and the speed of releasing surface active substances is accelerated.
Preferably, still be equipped with in the fixed shell and be used for the water drainage pipeline with the interior rivers exhaust of storage chamber, water drainage pipeline and storage chamber intercommunication department locate the storage chamber below. Because of the buoyancy, the oxygen bubbles upwards move, the communicated part of the drainage pipeline and the storage chamber is arranged below the storage chamber, so that the moving path of the oxygen bubbles in the storage chamber can be increased, and the composite oil removing bacteria below the storage chamber can be fully contacted with oxygen.
Preferably, the modified activated carbon fiber is carbonized from coconut shell.
By adopting the scheme, the activated carbon fiber formed by carbonizing the coconut shell has rich pores and better structural strength.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified activated carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
carbonizing the dried coconut shell at 500-700 ℃ for 1-2 h, carbonizing at 1000-1500 ℃ for 2.0-2.5 h, then carbonizing at 500-700 ℃ for 1-2 h in a pure nitrogen filled environment, recovering to normal temperature to obtain activated carbon fiber, soaking the activated carbon fiber in a 60-80% nitric acid solution for 2-5 h, finally washing with distilled water to neutrality and drying to obtain the modified activated carbon fiber.
By adopting the scheme, the active carbon fiber formed by carbonization has a very abundant pore structure and has better structural strength. And (3) activating the activated carbon fibers at high temperature in the pure nitrogen filling environment, so that the number of active groups on the surfaces of the activated carbon fibers is increased by 3-6 times. And then, further activating and modifying the activated carbon fiber by using a concentrated nitric acid solution, so that the number of active groups on the surface of the activated carbon fiber is increased by 10-15 times.
Preferably, the length of the modified activated carbon fiber is 2-3 mm.
Preferably, the modified activated carbon fiber accounts for 30-35 parts by weight; 15-20 parts of composite oil removing bacteria; 4-6 parts of uric acid, 3-5 parts of phosphate, 10-12 parts of glucose, 0.5-1.0 part of arachidonic acid, 0.5-0.9 part of sucrose polyester and 2-3 parts of magnesium sulfate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the active carbon fiber formed by carbonization has a very rich pore structure and has better structural strength. And (3) activating the activated carbon fibers at high temperature in the pure nitrogen filling environment, so that the number of active groups on the surfaces of the activated carbon fibers is increased by 3-6 times. Then, further activating and modifying the activated carbon fiber by using a concentrated nitric acid solution, so that the number of active groups on the surface of the activated carbon fiber is increased by 10-15 times again;
2. the modified activated carbon fiber has a large number of hydrogen ion active groups, phospholipid molecules on the surface of the composite oil removing bacteria can form hydrogen bonds with the active groups on the surface of the modified activated carbon fiber, and the composite oil removing bacteria has good adhesion on the surface of pores of the modified activated carbon fiber. Moreover, the modified activated carbon fiber has rich pore structures, and provides a relatively stable growth place for the growth and proliferation of the composite oil-removing bacteria;
3. and in the process that the larger oxygen bubbles reach the material storage chamber from the through hole and are discharged from the material storage chamber from the drainage pipeline, the resistance is larger, and the stay time of the oxygen bubbles in the oxygen storage chamber and the material storage chamber is longer. The oxygen bubbles and the composite oil removing bacteria attached to the modified activated carbon fibers have sufficient contact time, the composite oil removing bacteria can obtain enough electron acceptors, and the speed of releasing surface active substances is accelerated;
4. uric acid, phosphate, glucose, arachidonic acid, sucrose polyester and magnesium sulfate can provide enough nutrients for the growth and proliferation of the composite oil-removing bacteria. Wherein, the arachidonic acid and the sucrose polyester have obvious synergistic effect on improving the activity of superoxide dismutase in the bacterial strain cell. The increase of the activity of superoxide dismutase in the composite oil removing bacterium cell can improve the metabolism in the bacterium body, thereby improving the absorption speed of the composite oil removing bacterium on hydrocarbon substances. Meanwhile, the moving speed of the composite oil removing bacteria to hydrocarbon substances is also obviously increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an aerobic filler block.
Description of reference numerals: 1. an aerobic tank; 2. an aerobic filler block; 21. a venturi conduit; 22. an oxygen storage chamber; 221. a through hole; 23. a storage chamber; 24. a water discharge pipeline; 25. the housing is fixed.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples.
Example 1:
a two-phase flow biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria is characterized in that a fixed plate parallel to the bottom of an aerobic tank 1 is arranged in the aerobic tank 1, a plurality of air holes for gas to pass through are formed in the fixed plate, aerobic filler blocks 2 are filled in adjacent fixed plates, an aeration device is arranged below the fixed plate, and a mixture of an active carrier, the composite oil removing bacteria agent and a nutrient thereof is arranged in the aerobic filler blocks 2;
the active carrier is modified active carbon fiber, and the weight portion of the modified active carbon fiber is 20;
the composite oil removing bacteria are bacillus, saccharomyces and micrococcus, and the composite oil removing bacteria account for 10 parts by weight;
the nutrient comprises 2 parts of uric acid, 1 part of phosphate, 8 parts of glucose, 0.4 part of arachidonic acid, 0.3 part of sucrose polyester and 1 part of magnesium sulfate by weight.
The good oxygen filler block 2 is including storing up oxygen chamber 22, encircle and set up storage compartment 23 outside storing up oxygen chamber 22 and encircle and set up the fixed shell 25 outside storage compartment 23, be equipped with venturi way in the fixed shell 25, the entry on venturi way sets up towards good oxygen pond 1 bottom of the pool, the diffuser segment on venturi way and storing up oxygen chamber 22 intercommunication, be equipped with the through-hole 221 that is used for oxygen and rivers to pass through between storage compartment 23 and the oxygen chamber 22.
A drainage pipeline for discharging water flow in the storage chamber 23 is further arranged in the fixed shell 25, and the drainage pipeline is arranged below the storage chamber 23 at the position where the drainage pipeline is communicated with the storage chamber 23.
The preparation method of the modified activated carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
carbonizing the dried coconut shell at 500 ℃ for 2h, carbonizing at 1000 ℃ for 2.5h, then carbonizing at 500 ℃ for 2h in a pure nitrogen-filled environment, recovering to normal temperature to obtain activated carbon fibers, soaking the activated carbon fibers with the length of 2-3 mm in a 60% nitric acid solution for 5h, finally washing with distilled water to be neutral, and drying to obtain the modified activated carbon fibers.
Example 2:
a two-phase flow biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria is characterized in that a fixed plate parallel to the bottom of an aerobic tank 1 is arranged in the aerobic tank 1, air holes for gas to pass through are formed in the fixed plate, 3 fixed plates are arranged, aerobic filler blocks 2 are filled in adjacent fixed plates, an aeration device is arranged below the fixed plate, and a mixture of an active carrier, the composite oil removing bacteria agent and a nutrient thereof is arranged in the aerobic filler blocks 2;
the active carrier is modified active carbon fiber, and the modified active carbon fiber accounts for 40 parts by weight;
the composite oil removing bacteria are bacillus, saccharomyces and micrococcus, and the composite oil removing bacteria account for 25 parts by weight;
the nutrient comprises 6 parts of uric acid, 6 parts of phosphate, 16 parts of glucose, 1.2 parts of arachidonic acid, 0.9 part of sucrose polyester and 4 parts of magnesium sulfate by weight.
The good oxygen filler block 2 is including storing up oxygen chamber 22, encircle and set up storage compartment 23 outside storing up oxygen chamber 22 and encircle and set up the fixed shell 25 outside storage compartment 23, be equipped with venturi way in the fixed shell 25, the entry on venturi way sets up towards good oxygen pond 1 bottom of the pool, the diffuser segment on venturi way and storing up oxygen chamber 22 intercommunication, be equipped with the through-hole 221 that is used for oxygen and rivers to pass through between storage compartment 23 and the oxygen chamber 22.
A drainage pipeline for discharging water flow in the storage chamber 23 is further arranged in the fixed shell 25, and the drainage pipeline is arranged below the storage chamber 23 at the position where the drainage pipeline is communicated with the storage chamber 23.
The preparation method of the modified activated carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
carbonizing the dried coconut shell at 700 ℃ for 1h, carbonizing the dried coconut shell at 1500 ℃ for 2.0h, then carbonizing the coconut shell at 700 ℃ for 1h in a pure nitrogen-filled environment, recovering to the normal temperature to obtain activated carbon fibers, soaking the activated carbon fibers with the length of 2-3 mm in 80% nitric acid solution for 2h, finally washing the activated carbon fibers with distilled water to be neutral, and drying to obtain the modified activated carbon fibers.
Example 3:
a two-phase flow biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria is characterized in that a fixed plate parallel to the bottom of an aerobic tank 1 is arranged in the aerobic tank 1, air holes for gas to pass through are formed in the fixed plate, 3 fixed plates are arranged, aerobic filler blocks 2 are filled in adjacent fixed plates, an aeration device is arranged below the fixed plate, and a mixture of an active carrier, the composite oil removing bacteria agent and a nutrient thereof is arranged in the aerobic filler blocks 2;
the active carrier is modified active carbon fiber, and the modified active carbon fiber accounts for 30 parts by weight;
the composite oil removing bacteria are bacillus, saccharomyces and micrococcus, and the composite oil removing bacteria account for 18 parts by weight;
the nutrient comprises 4 parts of uric acid, 4 parts of phosphate, 12 parts of glucose, 0.8 part of arachidonic acid, 0.6 part of sucrose polyester and 2 parts of magnesium sulfate by weight.
The good oxygen filler block 2 is including storing up oxygen chamber 22, encircle and set up storage compartment 23 outside storing up oxygen chamber 22 and encircle and set up the fixed shell 25 outside storage compartment 23, be equipped with venturi way in the fixed shell 25, the entry on venturi way sets up towards good oxygen pond 1 bottom of the pool, the diffuser segment on venturi way and storing up oxygen chamber 22 intercommunication, be equipped with the through-hole 221 that is used for oxygen and rivers to pass through between storage compartment 23 and the oxygen chamber 22.
A drainage pipeline for discharging water flow in the storage chamber 23 is further arranged in the fixed shell 25, and the drainage pipeline is arranged below the storage chamber 23 at the position where the drainage pipeline is communicated with the storage chamber 23.
The preparation method of the modified activated carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
carbonizing the dried coconut shell at 600 ℃ for 1.2h and 1200 ℃ for 2.2h, then carbonizing at 600 ℃ for 1.5h in a pure nitrogen filled environment, recovering to normal temperature to obtain activated carbon fibers, soaking the activated carbon fibers with the length of 2-3 mm in 70% nitric acid solution for 3h, finally washing with distilled water to be neutral and drying to obtain the modified activated carbon fibers.
Example 4:
a two-phase flow biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria is characterized in that a fixed plate parallel to the bottom of an aerobic tank 1 is arranged in the aerobic tank 1, air holes for gas to pass through are formed in the fixed plate, 3 fixed plates are arranged, aerobic filler blocks 2 are filled in adjacent fixed plates, an aeration device is arranged below the fixed plate, and a mixture of an active carrier, the composite oil removing bacteria agent and a nutrient thereof is arranged in the aerobic filler blocks 2;
the active carrier is modified active carbon fiber, and the modified active carbon fiber accounts for 30 parts by weight;
the composite oil removing bacteria are bacillus, saccharomyces and micrococcus, and the composite oil removing bacteria account for 18 parts by weight;
the nutrient comprises 4 parts of uric acid, 4 parts of phosphate, 12 parts of glucose, 0.8 part of arachidonic acid, 0.6 part of sucrose polyester and 2 parts of magnesium sulfate by weight.
The aerobic filler block 2 is modified activated carbon fiber with the length of 2-3 mm, and the aerobic filler block 2, the composite oil removing bacteria and the nutrient are uniformly mixed and then are laid between the adjacent fixing plates.
The preparation method of the modified activated carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
carbonizing the dried coconut shell at 600 ℃ for 1.2h and 1200 ℃ for 2.2h, then carbonizing at 600 ℃ for 1.5h in a pure nitrogen filled environment, recovering to normal temperature to obtain activated carbon fibers, soaking the activated carbon fibers with the length of 2-3 mm in 70% nitric acid solution for 3h, finally washing with distilled water to be neutral and drying to obtain the modified activated carbon fibers.
The activity of intracellular enzyme (SOD) is improved by 12.3 percent, and the capability of resisting the external severe environment is enhanced; the permeability of the cells is moderate, the intracellular accounting is carried out, the protein extravasation amount is low, and the cells can be enabled to normally carry out metabolism and growth and reproduction. The magnetic field influences the growth of the strain by increasing the activity of the enzyme in the microorganism without destroying the structure of the cell membrane.
Example 5:
a two-phase flow biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria is characterized in that a fixed plate parallel to the bottom of an aerobic tank 1 is arranged in the aerobic tank 1, air holes for gas to pass through are formed in the fixed plate, 3 fixed plates are arranged, aerobic filler blocks 2 are filled in adjacent fixed plates, an aeration device is arranged below the fixed plate, and a mixture of an active carrier, the composite oil removing bacteria agent and a nutrient thereof is arranged in the aerobic filler blocks 2;
the active carrier is modified active carbon fiber, and the modified active carbon fiber accounts for 30 parts by weight;
the composite oil removing bacteria are bacillus, saccharomyces and micrococcus, and the composite oil removing bacteria account for 18 parts by weight;
the nutrient comprises 4 parts of uric acid, 4 parts of phosphate, 12 parts of glucose and 2 parts of magnesium sulfate by weight.
The good oxygen filler block 2 is including storing up oxygen chamber 22, encircle and set up storage compartment 23 outside storing up oxygen chamber 22 and encircle and set up the fixed shell 25 outside storage compartment 23, be equipped with venturi way in the fixed shell 25, the entry on venturi way sets up towards good oxygen pond 1 bottom of the pool, the diffuser segment on venturi way and storing up oxygen chamber 22 intercommunication, be equipped with the through-hole 221 that is used for oxygen and rivers to pass through between storage compartment 23 and the oxygen chamber 22.
A drainage pipeline for discharging water flow in the storage chamber 23 is further arranged in the fixed shell 25, and the drainage pipeline is arranged below the storage chamber 23 at the position where the drainage pipeline is communicated with the storage chamber 23.
The preparation method of the modified activated carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
carbonizing the dried coconut shell at 600 ℃ for 1.2h and 1200 ℃ for 2.2h, then carbonizing at 600 ℃ for 1.5h in a pure nitrogen filled environment, recovering to normal temperature to obtain activated carbon fibers, soaking the activated carbon fibers with the length of 2-3 mm in 70% nitric acid solution for 3h, finally washing with distilled water to be neutral and drying to obtain the modified activated carbon fibers.
Example 6:
preparing oily sewage: firstly, mixing crude oil and Tween-80 according to the proportion of 1:5, uniformly stirring, adding water heated to 35 ℃ into the mixed solution, and stirring by using a high-speed emulsifying machine until the solution becomes a yellow brown transparent state to obtain the oily sewage.
The sewage obtained after the treatment in examples 3, 4 and 5 was obtained, a blank set was set (the stock solution was left for the same time in the same environment such as the same temperature and the like as in examples 3 to 5), and the content of emulsified oil in the sewage was measured according to "infrared spectrophotometry for measuring water quality of oils and oils of animals and plants" (HJ637-2012), and the measurement results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 determination of emulsified oil content in water
Emulsified oil content (ppm)
Stock solution 1000
Blank group 946
Example 35.24
Example 431.9
Example 525.2
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has established the convention "MARPOL 73/78" in particular for preventing marine environmental damage caused by ships, wherein the attached rule I strictly regulates and requires the discharge of oily water from ships, and the content of emulsified oil in the discharged water of ships must be less than 15 ppm. As can be seen from the above table, the content of emulsified oil in the oily sewage treated by the two-phase flow biological bed in example 3 is 5.24ppm, which is much lower than the required 15ppm, and meets the relevant requirements. The content of emulsified oil in the oily sewage treated by the two-phase flow biological bed in example 4 is 31.9ppm, which does not meet the relevant regulations, and it is demonstrated that compared with the activated carbon spread in the prior art, in the structure of the aerobic filler block 2 of the present application, in the process that oxygen bubbles reach the storage chamber 23 from the through hole 221 and then are discharged from the storage chamber 23 through the drainage pipe 24, the resistance is large, and the residence time of the oxygen bubbles in the oxygen storage chamber 22 and the storage chamber 23 is long. The oxygen bubbles and the composite oil removing bacteria attached to the modified activated carbon fibers have sufficient contact time, the composite oil removing bacteria can obtain enough electron acceptors, and the speed of releasing surface active substances is accelerated.
The content of emulsified oil in the oily sewage treated by the two-phase flow biological bed in example 5 is 25.2ppm, which does not meet the relevant regulations, and the arachidonic acid and sucrose polyester of the application have obvious synergistic effect on improving the activity of superoxide dismutase in the bacterial cells. The increase of the activity of superoxide dismutase in the composite oil removing bacterium cell can improve the metabolism in the bacterium body, thereby improving the absorption speed of the composite oil removing bacterium on hydrocarbon substances. Meanwhile, the moving speed of the composite oil removing bacteria to hydrocarbon substances is also obviously increased.
It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A two-phase flow biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria is characterized in that a fixing plate parallel to the bottom of an aerobic tank (1) is arranged in the aerobic tank (1), air holes for gas to pass through are formed in the fixing plate, a plurality of fixing plates are arranged, aerobic filler blocks (2) are filled in the adjacent fixing plates, an aeration device is arranged below the fixing plate, and a mixture of an active carrier, a composite oil removing microbial inoculum and a nutrient thereof is arranged in the aerobic filler blocks (2);
the active carrier is modified active carbon fiber, and the weight portion of the modified active carbon fiber is 20-40;
the composite oil removing bacteria are selected from bacillus, saccharomyces or micrococcus, and the composite oil removing bacteria account for 10-25 parts by weight;
the nutrient is uric acid, phosphate, glucose, arachidonic acid, sucrose polyester and magnesium sulfate, and the weight parts of the uric acid are 2-6 parts, the phosphate is 1-6 parts, the glucose is 8-16 parts, the arachidonic acid is 0.4-1.2 parts, the sucrose polyester is 0.3-0.9 part and the magnesium sulfate is 1-4 parts;
aerobic filler block (2) is in including storing up oxygen chamber (22), encircleing the setting store up outer storage chamber (23) of oxygen chamber (22) and encircleing the setting and being in the outer fixed shell (25) of storage chamber (23), be equipped with venturi way in fixed shell (25), the entry on venturi way sets up towards aerobic tank (1) bottom of the pool, the diffuser section and the oxygen chamber (22) intercommunication on venturi way, be equipped with through-hole (221) that are used for oxygen and rivers to pass through between storage chamber (23) and oxygen chamber (22).
2. The two-phase flow biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein a drainage pipeline for discharging water flow in the storage chamber (23) is further arranged in the fixed shell (25), and the drainage pipeline is arranged below the storage chamber (23) at the position where the drainage pipeline is communicated with the storage chamber (23).
3. The two-phase flow biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria of claim 1, wherein the modified activated carbon fiber is carbonized from coconut shell.
4. The two-phase flow biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria of claim 3, wherein the preparation method of the modified activated carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
carbonizing the dried coconut shell at 500-700 ℃ for 1-2 h, carbonizing at 1000-1500 ℃ for 2.0-2.5 h, then carbonizing at 500-700 ℃ for 1-2 h in a pure nitrogen filled environment, recovering to normal temperature to obtain activated carbon fiber, soaking the activated carbon fiber in a 60-80% nitric acid solution for 2-5 h, finally washing with distilled water to neutrality and drying to obtain the modified activated carbon fiber.
5. The two-phase flow biological bed based on composite oil removing bacteria of claim 1, 3 or 4, wherein the length of the modified activated carbon fiber is 2-3 mm.
6. The two-phase flow biological bed based on the composite oil removing bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified activated carbon fiber accounts for 30-35 parts by weight; 15-20 parts of composite oil removing bacteria; 4-6 parts of uric acid, 3-5 parts of phosphate, 10-12 parts of glucose, 0.5-1.0 part of arachidonic acid, 0.5-0.9 part of sucrose polyester and 2-3 parts of magnesium sulfate.
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