CN111001740B - Forging method of cold-rolled roller blank - Google Patents
Forging method of cold-rolled roller blank Download PDFInfo
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- CN111001740B CN111001740B CN201911192559.8A CN201911192559A CN111001740B CN 111001740 B CN111001740 B CN 111001740B CN 201911192559 A CN201911192559 A CN 201911192559A CN 111001740 B CN111001740 B CN 111001740B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J3/00—Lubricating during forging or pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/02—Special design or construction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
- B21J9/18—Drives for forging presses operated by making use of gearing mechanisms, e.g. levers, spindles, crankshafts, eccentrics, toggle-levers, rack bars
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K29/00—Arrangements for heating or cooling during processing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of forging, in particular to a forging method of a cold-rolled roller blank, wherein a forging press used in the forging method comprises a lower beam; the periphery of the top of the lower beam is fixedly connected with an upright post, and the top of the upright post is fixedly connected with an upper beam; a group of oil cylinders is fixedly connected in the upper beam; the bottom of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with a sliding block, and the sliding block is connected with the upright column in a sliding manner; a guide rail is fixedly connected to the position, corresponding to the sliding block, of the upright column, and a rack is arranged on one side of the guide rail; a gear is rotatably connected to the position, corresponding to the rack, of the sliding block, an oil supply cavity is formed in the position, corresponding to a rotating shaft of the gear, of the sliding block, a roller wheel is rotatably connected to the oil supply cavity, and the roller wheel is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; a group of hemispherical grooves are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the roller; the top of the oil supply cavity is communicated with an oil tank filled with lubricating oil, and the bottom of the oil supply cavity supplies oil to the guide rail through an oil outlet pipe; according to the invention, the lubricating oil is controlled to flow out when the groove is matched with the gear to rotate, so that the abrasion of the guide rail is reduced, the labor intensity of manually coating the lubricating oil is reduced, and the normal operation of the forging press is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forging, and particularly relates to a forging method of a cold-rolled roller blank.
Background
Rolling mills are important equipment in the metallurgical industry, and rolls are important working parts in rolling mills. Rolls are generally classified into hot rolls and cold rolls. The cold roll bears a large force in the working process, so that the cold roll is required to have good wear resistance, roughness retention performance, accident resistance, uniformity and high hardness, and the requirements on a roll blank are high so as to meet the strict ultrasonic flaw detection requirements of the roll blank. The forgings produced by the existing cold roll manufacturing process flow are easy to have dirt inclusion, insufficient filling and the like, the defect rejection rate is high, the raw material utilization rate is low, and the service life of the die is short due to the reason that the flash is too large and the like. The forging press is a device for metal and mechanical cold working, and only changes the external shape of the metal. The forging press includes plate bending machine, plate shearing machine, punch press, hydraulic press, bender etc. and the slider body of current forging press generally all adopts a plurality of balance cylinders to play the effect of balanced slider body weight, according to the model and the size of forging press, then two less, then four more, even more. Therefore, in the operation process of the forging press, as long as one of the balance cylinders breaks down, the stress of the sliding block body is unbalanced, and the processing precision is seriously influenced. Moreover, this is common in the actual production of forging presses, since sometimes a failure of one of the balancing cylinders does not cause the machine to fail, but only changes that are imperceptible to the naked eye. At the same time, many operators are not aware of this problem and continue to operate even if the balancing cylinders are out of order, which may cause some irreparable damage to the forging press.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art and solve the problems that in the operation process of a forging press, as long as one balance cylinder fails, the stress on a sliding block body is unbalanced, the machining precision is seriously influenced, and a plurality of operators are not aware of the problem, even if the balance cylinder fails, the operation is continued, and the operation may cause irreparable damage to the forging press, the invention provides a forging method of a cold-rolled roll blank.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the forging method of the cold-rolled roller blank comprises the following steps:
s1, upsetting and drawing the steel ingot for the first time through a forging press, wherein the upsetting starting temperature is more than or equal to 1050 ℃, the upsetting final forging temperature is more than or equal to 870 ℃, the steel ingot is heated in a furnace after the first upsetting, the furnace charging temperature is controlled according to 1195 +/-10 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-5 hours;
s2, upsetting and drawing the ingot in the S1 for the second time, charging the obtained blank after upsetting and drawing for the second time, and annealing and hydrogen diffusion treatment, wherein the annealing and hydrogen diffusion treatment process conditions are as follows: controlling the temperature of the charging furnace according to 500 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8-12 hours, then heating to 860 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 13-18 hours, finally cooling to 750 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 16-20 hours, and cooling to 350 +/-50 ℃ along with the furnace;
s3, carrying out third upsetting and drawing on the steel ingot in the S2, then returning to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the furnace for charging according to 1195 +/-10 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2-5 hours to obtain a cold-rolled roller blank;
s4, heating the cold-rolled roll blank in the S3 to 1080 ℃ and preserving heat for 1-2 hours, reheating to the temperature range of 690-750 ℃ after oil cooling to be not higher than 100 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, and then water cooling; after tempering treatment, heating the head of the cold-rolled roller blank to 340-370 ℃, preserving heat for 4-5 hours, then carrying out spray cooling treatment, keeping the tail of the cold-rolled roller at 1020 ℃, preserving heat for 6-8 hours, then carrying out air cooling, finally heating the middle of the cold-rolled roller blank to 160-180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, and placing the cold-rolled roller blank into an iron box for cooling;
s5, performing rough machining on the cold-rolled roll blank in the S4; then carrying out phosphating treatment: the treatment is carried out at the temperature of 90-95 ℃, the ratio of the free acidity to the total acidity of the phosphate solution is 1:7-9, and the treatment time is 25-30 minutes;
the forging press comprises a lower beam; the periphery of the top of the lower beam is fixedly connected with an upright post, and the top of the upright post is fixedly connected with an upper beam; a group of oil cylinders is fixedly connected in the upper beam, penetrates through the upper beam and extends to the bottom of the upper beam; the bottom of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with a sliding block, and the sliding block is connected with the upright column in a sliding manner; a quenching guide rail is fixedly connected to the position, corresponding to the sliding block, of the upright column, and a rack is arranged on one side of the guide rail; a gear is rotatably connected to the position, corresponding to the rack, of the sliding block, the gear is meshed with the rack, an oil supply cavity is formed in the position, corresponding to a rotating shaft of the gear, of the sliding block, a roller wheel is rotatably connected to the oil supply cavity, and the roller wheel is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; a group of hemispherical grooves are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the roller wheel; the top of the oil supply cavity is communicated with an oil tank filled with lubricating oil, and the bottom of the oil supply cavity supplies oil to the guide rail through an oil outlet pipe; the lubricating oil is controlled to flow out when the groove is matched with the gear to rotate, so that the abrasion of the guide rail is reduced, the labor intensity of manually coating the lubricating oil is reduced, and the normal operation of the forging press is ensured; during the use, pour lubricating oil into the oil tank, later start the forging press, make the slider slide from top to bottom under the drive of hydro-cylinder, the slider rotates at slip in-process cooperation rack drive gear, the gear drives pivot and running roller and rotates, and then make lubricating oil along with the recess flow direction play oil pipe on the running roller, and then paint lubricating oil on the guide rail, guarantee the long-time normal lubrication of guide rail and slider, and then reduce the wearing and tearing of slider and guide rail, guarantee the slip precision of slider, improve the production precision and the production efficiency of forging press, reduce the scaffold of putting up that needs when the manual work smeared lubricating oil, and the labor intensity is reduced, guarantee the forging press normal operating.
Preferably, a group of toothless parts are intermittently arranged on the rack, and the toothless parts are matched with the gears, so that lubricating oil intermittently flows out of the oil outlet pipe, the pollution caused by excessive lubricating oil is reduced, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured; when the gear moved to no tooth portion along with the slider slip, the gear stopped rotating, and oil outlet pipe stopped outflow lubricating oil this moment, and then made the lubricating oil that flows out before the oil outlet pipe scribble evenly along with the slider motion, avoid scribbling excessive lubricating oil on the guide rail, cause the waste and the pollution forging press of lubricating oil, further guarantee forging press normal operating.
Preferably, a group of fixing holes are formed in the root of each tooth of the rack, travel switches are fixedly connected in the fixing holes, and the gear is not in contact with the travel switches before the guide rails are not abraded; the travel switch is connected with the alarm through the controller; after the guide rail is worn, the gear triggers the travel switch to trigger an alarm, so that the offset wear of the sliding block is reduced, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured; after slider intercommunication hydro-cylinder is long-time work, because the inhomogeneity of slider load, lead to the hydro-cylinder to break down easily, will arouse slider body atress unbalanced, seriously influence the machining precision, accelerate the wearing and tearing of guide rail and slider simultaneously, it is inhomogeneous that the skew leads to the slight wearing and tearing of guide rail to take place when the slider this moment, perhaps when guide rail wearing and tearing seriously reach life, gear tooth top extrusion travel switch, make travel switch pass through controller and alarm and send alarm signal, remind the trouble of technical staff in time discovery and maintenance hydro-cylinder, avoid the trouble aggravation and then increase the damage degree of forging press, and then further guarantee the machining precision and the machining efficiency of forging press.
Preferably, an oil collecting disc is arranged on the upright column at the bottom of the guide rail, a piston cylinder is fixedly connected in the oil collecting disc, a piston rod is connected in the piston cylinder in a sliding manner, and the piston rod is extruded when the sliding block slides downwards; a spring is arranged between the piston rod and the bottom of the piston rod; the middle part of the piston cylinder is provided with an oil inlet hole which is communicated with the oil collecting disc, and the bottom of the piston cylinder is provided with an oil outlet hole; the top of the guide rail is provided with a lubricating pipe which is communicated with the oil outlet through an oil distribution pipe; the lubricating oil in the oil collecting disc is extruded out by the piston rod extruded by the sliding block, so that the utilization efficiency of the lubricating oil is increased, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured; the lubricating oil that flows down on the guide rail is collected through the oil collecting disc, the waste of lubricating oil is reduced, when the slider glides to the lower part extreme position, the slider extrudes the piston rod, and then extrudees the lubricating oil that flows into the piston cylinder with the inlet port, and lubricating oil discharges through the oil outlet, later through join in marriage oil pipe and lubricated pipe blowout, lubricates the guide rail to realize the cyclic utilization of lubricating oil, improve the utilization efficiency of lubricating oil, further guarantee forging press normal operating.
Preferably, the height of the oil inlet is higher than the bottom of the oil collecting tray, so that metal chips in the oil collecting tray are prevented from blocking an oil distribution pipe, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured; because the oil inlet is higher than the bottom of the oil collecting disc, metal chips falling on the guide rail are deposited at the bottom of the oil collecting disc, so that the metal chips are prevented from entering the piston cylinder and the oil distribution pipe, the blockage is reduced, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured.
Preferably, the top of the guide rail is fixedly connected with a support, an elastic energy accumulator is fixedly connected on the support, the energy accumulator is connected in series between the oil distribution pipe and the lubricating pipe, the lubricating pipe is controlled by the energy accumulator to slowly flow out lubricating oil, the splashing pollution of the lubricating oil is avoided, the using amount of the lubricating oil is saved, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured; because the piston cylinder produces the lubricating oil of compression when the slider gliding, consequently lubricating oil intermittent type from the high-speed blowout of lubricated pipe, and then make lubricating oil splash and waste, through elastic energy storage ware, can store and be interrupted the high-pressure lubricating oil of spun for lubricating oil lasts slowly and flows out from lubricated pipe, increases lubricating oil volume reuse efficiency, reduces the pollution of splashing, saves the lubricating oil quantity, and then further guarantees forging press normal operating.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the forging method of the cold-rolled roller blank, the sliding block is matched with the rack driving gear to rotate in the sliding process, the gear drives the rotating shaft and the roller wheel to rotate, so that lubricating oil flows to the oil outlet pipe along with the groove in the roller wheel, the lubricating oil is coated on the guide rail, long-time normal lubrication of the guide rail and the sliding block is guaranteed, abrasion of the sliding block and the guide rail is reduced, the sliding precision of the sliding block is guaranteed, the production precision and the production efficiency of a forging press are improved, built scaffolds required when the lubricating oil is coated manually are reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, and the normal operation of the forging press is guaranteed.
2. According to the forging method of the cold-rolled roller blank, when the gear slides to the toothless part along with the sliding block, the gear stops rotating, the lubricating oil stops flowing out of the oil outlet pipe at the moment, the lubricating oil flowing out of the oil outlet pipe before moves along with the sliding block and is uniformly coated, the phenomenon that the lubricating oil is coated on the guide rail excessively to cause waste and pollution to a forging press is avoided, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the forging press of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the forging press of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the slider of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at B;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at C;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at D;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion E of FIG. 4;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the rack and travel switch of the present invention;
in the figure: the oil collecting device comprises a lower beam 1, a vertical column 11, an upper beam 12, an oil cylinder 13, a sliding block 14, a guide rail 15, a rack 16, a gear 17, an oil supply cavity 18, a roller 19, a groove 20, an oil tank 21, an oil outlet pipe 22, a toothless part 23, a fixing hole 24, a travel switch 25, an oil collecting disc 3, a piston cylinder 31, a piston rod 32, an oil inlet hole 33, an oil outlet hole 34, a lubricating pipe 35, an oil distribution pipe 36, a bracket 37 and an energy accumulator 38.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the forging method of a cold-rolled roll blank according to the present invention includes the steps of:
s1, upsetting and drawing the steel ingot for the first time through a forging press, wherein the upsetting starting temperature is more than or equal to 1050 ℃, the upsetting final forging temperature is more than or equal to 870 ℃, the steel ingot is heated in a furnace after the first upsetting, the furnace charging temperature is controlled according to 1195 +/-10 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-5 hours;
s2, upsetting and drawing the ingot in the S1 for the second time, charging the obtained blank after upsetting and drawing for the second time, and annealing and hydrogen diffusion treatment, wherein the annealing and hydrogen diffusion treatment process conditions are as follows: controlling the temperature of the charging furnace according to 500 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8-12 hours, then heating to 860 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 13-18 hours, finally cooling to 750 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 16-20 hours, and cooling to 350 +/-50 ℃ along with the furnace;
s3, carrying out third upsetting and drawing on the steel ingot in the S2, then returning to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the furnace for charging according to 1195 +/-10 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2-5 hours to obtain a cold-rolled roller blank;
s4, heating the cold-rolled roll blank in the S3 to 1080 ℃ and preserving heat for 1-2 hours, reheating to the temperature range of 690-750 ℃ after oil cooling to be not higher than 100 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, and then water cooling; after tempering treatment, heating the head of the cold-rolled roller blank to 340-370 ℃, preserving heat for 4-5 hours, then carrying out spray cooling treatment, keeping the tail of the cold-rolled roller at 1020 ℃, preserving heat for 6-8 hours, then carrying out air cooling, finally heating the middle of the cold-rolled roller blank to 160-180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, and placing the cold-rolled roller blank into an iron box for cooling;
s5, performing rough machining on the cold-rolled roll blank in the S4; then carrying out phosphating treatment: the treatment is carried out at the temperature of 90-95 ℃, the ratio of the free acidity to the total acidity of the phosphate solution is 1:7-9, and the treatment time is 25-30 minutes;
the forging press comprises a lower beam 1; the periphery of the top of the lower beam 1 is fixedly connected with an upright post 11, and the top of the upright post 11 is fixedly connected with an upper beam 12; a group of oil cylinders 13 is fixedly connected in the upper beam 12, and the oil cylinders 13 penetrate through the upper beam 12 and extend to the bottom of the upper beam 12; the bottom of the oil cylinder 13 is fixedly connected with a sliding block 14, and the sliding block 14 is in sliding connection with the upright post 11; a quenched guide rail 15 is fixedly connected to the upright post 11 at a position corresponding to the slide block 14, and a rack 16 is arranged on one side of the guide rail 15; a gear 17 is rotatably connected to the position, corresponding to the rack 16, of the sliding block 14, the gear 17 is meshed with the rack 16, an oil supply cavity 18 is formed in the position, corresponding to a rotating shaft of the gear 17, of the sliding block 14, a roller 19 is rotatably connected to the oil supply cavity 18, and the roller 19 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; a group of hemispherical grooves 20 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the roller 19; the top of the oil supply cavity 18 is communicated with an oil tank 21 filled with lubricating oil, and the bottom of the oil supply cavity 18 supplies oil to the guide rail 15 through an oil outlet pipe 22; the lubricating oil is controlled to flow out when the groove 20 is matched with the gear 17 to rotate, so that the abrasion of the guide rail 15 is reduced, the labor intensity of manually coating the lubricating oil is reduced, and the normal operation of the forging press is ensured; during the use, pour lubricating oil into oil tank 21 in, later start the forging press, make slider 14 slide from top to bottom under the drive of hydro-cylinder 13, slider 14 cooperates rack 16 drive gear 17 to rotate at the slip in-process, gear 17 drives pivot and running roller 19 and rotates, and then make lubricating oil flow to play oil pipe 22 along with recess 20 on the running roller 19, and then paint lubricating oil on guide rail 15, guarantee the long-time normal lubrication of guide rail 15 and slider 14, and then reduce the wearing and tearing of slider 14 and guide rail 15, guarantee the slip precision of slider 14, improve the production precision and the production efficiency of forging press, reduce the scaffold of putting up that needs when the manual work smears lubricating oil, and reduce labor intensity, guarantee the forging press normal operating.
A group of toothless parts 23 are intermittently arranged on the rack 16 as an embodiment of the invention, and the toothless parts 23 are matched with the gear 17, so that lubricating oil intermittently flows out of the oil outlet pipe 22, the pollution caused by excessive lubricating oil is reduced, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured; when the gear 17 slides to the non-toothed part 23 along with the sliding block 14, the gear 17 stops rotating, the oil outlet pipe 22 stops flowing out of lubricating oil, the lubricating oil flowing out of the oil outlet pipe 22 before moves along with the sliding block 14 and is evenly coated, the phenomenon that the lubricating oil is excessively coated on the guide rail 15 to cause waste and pollution of the lubricating oil to the forging press is avoided, and the normal operation of the forging press is further guaranteed.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a set of fixing holes 24 is formed at the root of the teeth of the rack 16, a travel switch 25 is fixedly connected in the fixing holes 24, and the gear 17 does not contact the travel switch 25 before the guide rail 15 is worn; the travel switch 25 is connected with the alarm through the controller; after the guide rail 15 is worn, the gear 17 triggers the travel switch 25 to trigger an alarm, so that the offset wear of the sliding block 14 is reduced, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured; after slider 14 intercommunication hydro-cylinder 13 worked for a long time, because the inhomogeneity of slider 14 load, lead to hydro-cylinder 13 to break down easily, will arouse slider 14 body atress unbalanced, seriously influence the machining precision, accelerate the wearing and tearing of guide rail 15 and slider 14 simultaneously, it is inhomogeneous to lead to the slight wearing and tearing of guide rail 15 to take place the skew when slider 14 this moment, perhaps when guide rail 15 wearing and tearing seriously reach life, gear 17's addendum extrudees travel switch 25, make travel switch 25 send alarm signal through controller and alarm, remind the technical staff in time to discover and maintain the trouble of hydro-cylinder 13, avoid the trouble aggravation and then increase the damage degree of forging press, and then further guarantee the machining precision and the machining efficiency of forging press.
An oil collecting tray 3 is arranged on a vertical column 11 at the bottom of a guide rail 15, a piston cylinder 31 is fixedly connected in the oil collecting tray 3, a piston rod 32 is connected in the piston cylinder 31 in a sliding manner, and the piston rod 32 is extruded when a sliding block 14 slides downwards; a spring is arranged between the piston rod 32 and the bottom of the piston rod 32; an oil inlet hole 33 is formed in the middle of the piston cylinder 31, the oil inlet hole 33 is communicated with the oil collecting disc 3, and an oil outlet hole 34 is formed in the bottom of the piston cylinder 31; the top of the guide rail 15 is provided with a lubricating pipe 35, and the lubricating pipe 35 is communicated with the oil outlet 34 through an oil distribution pipe 36; the piston rod 32 is extruded by the sliding block 14 to extrude the lubricating oil in the oil collecting disc 3, so that the utilization efficiency of the lubricating oil is increased, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured; the lubricating oil flowing down from the guide rail 15 is collected through the oil collecting disc 3, the waste of the lubricating oil is reduced, when the sliding block 14 slides to the lower limit position, the sliding block 14 extrudes the piston rod 32, the oil inlet hole 33 flows into the piston cylinder 31 to extrude the lubricating oil, the lubricating oil is discharged through the oil outlet hole 34, and then the lubricating oil is sprayed out through the oil distribution pipe 36 and the lubricating pipe 35 to lubricate the guide rail 15, so that the recycling of the lubricating oil is realized, the utilization efficiency of the lubricating oil is improved, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured.
The height of the oil inlet hole 33 is higher than the bottom of the oil collecting disc 3, so that metal chips in the oil collecting disc 3 are prevented from blocking the oil distribution pipe 36, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured; because the height of the oil inlet 33 is higher than the bottom of the oil collecting disc 3, metal chips falling from the guide rail 15 are deposited at the bottom of the oil collecting disc 3, so that the metal chips are prevented from entering the piston cylinder 31 and the oil distribution pipe 36, the blockage is reduced, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured.
As an embodiment of the invention, the top of the guide rail 15 is fixedly connected with a support 37, the support 37 is fixedly connected with an elastic energy accumulator 38, the energy accumulator 38 is connected in series between the oil distribution pipe 36 and the lubricating pipe 35, the lubricating pipe 35 is controlled by the energy accumulator 38 to slowly flow out lubricating oil, so that the splashing pollution of the lubricating oil is avoided, the using amount of the lubricating oil is saved, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured; because piston cylinder 31 produces the lubricating oil of compression when slider 14 glides, consequently lubricating oil intermittent type is from lubricated pipe 35 high-speed blowout, and then makes lubricating oil splash and extravagant, through elastic energy storage ware 38, can store the high-pressure lubricating oil of intermittent type spun for lubricating oil lasts slowly and flows out from lubricated pipe 35, increases lubricating oil volume reuse efficiency, reduces the pollution of splashing, saves the lubricating oil quantity, and then further guarantees forging press normal operating.
When the lubricating oil supplying device is used, lubricating oil is poured into the oil tank 21, then the forging press is started, the sliding block 14 slides up and down under the driving of the oil cylinder 13, the sliding block 14 drives the gear 17 to rotate in the sliding process in cooperation with the rack 16, the gear 17 drives the rotating shaft and the roller 19 to rotate, so that the lubricating oil flows to the oil outlet pipe 22 along with the groove 20 on the roller 19, the lubricating oil is coated on the guide rail 15, long-time normal lubrication of the guide rail 15 and the sliding block 14 is guaranteed, abrasion between the sliding block 14 and the guide rail 15 is reduced, the sliding precision of the sliding block 14 is guaranteed, the production precision and the production efficiency of the forging press are improved, built scaffolds required when the lubricating oil is manually coated are reduced, the labor; when the gear 17 slides to the non-toothed part 23 along with the sliding block 14, the gear 17 stops rotating, and the oil outlet pipe 22 stops flowing out of lubricating oil at the moment, so that the lubricating oil flowing out of the oil outlet pipe 22 before moves along with the sliding block 14 to be uniformly coated, the waste and pollution of the lubricating oil caused by the excessive lubricating oil coated on the guide rail 15 are avoided, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured; after the sliding block 14 is communicated with the oil cylinder 13 and works for a long time, the oil cylinder 13 is easy to break down due to the non-uniformity of the load of the sliding block 14, the stress imbalance of the sliding block 14 is caused, the machining precision is seriously influenced, meanwhile, the abrasion of the guide rail 15 and the sliding block 14 is accelerated, at the moment, when the sliding block 14 deviates to cause the slight abrasion of the guide rail 15, or the abrasion of the guide rail 15 seriously reaches the service life, the tooth top of the gear 17 extrudes the travel switch 25, so that the travel switch 25 sends out an alarm signal through a controller and an alarm to remind technicians to timely find and maintain the fault of the oil cylinder 13, the damage degree of the forging press is prevented from being aggravated by the fault, and the machining precision and; the lubricating oil flowing down from the guide rail 15 is collected through the oil collecting disc 3, the waste of the lubricating oil is reduced, when the sliding block 14 slides to the lower limit position, the sliding block 14 extrudes the piston rod 32, the lubricating oil flowing into the piston cylinder 31 from the oil inlet 33 is extruded, the lubricating oil is discharged through the oil outlet 34 and then is sprayed out through the oil distribution pipe 36 and the lubricating pipe 35 to lubricate the guide rail 15, so that the recycling of the lubricating oil is realized, the utilization efficiency of the lubricating oil is improved, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured; because the height of the oil inlet 33 is higher than the bottom of the oil collecting disc 3, metal chips falling from the guide rail 15 are deposited at the bottom of the oil collecting disc 3, so that the metal chips are prevented from entering the piston cylinder 31 and the oil distribution pipe 36, the blockage is reduced, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured; because piston cylinder 31 produces the lubricating oil of compression when slider 14 glides, consequently lubricating oil intermittent type is from lubricated pipe 35 high-speed blowout, and then makes lubricating oil splash and extravagant, through elastic energy storage ware 38, can store the high-pressure lubricating oil of intermittent type spun for lubricating oil lasts slowly and flows out from lubricated pipe 35, increases lubricating oil volume reuse efficiency, reduces the pollution of splashing, saves the lubricating oil quantity, and then further guarantees forging press normal operating.
The front, the back, the left, the right, the upper and the lower are all based on the figure 2 in the attached drawings of the specification, according to the standard of the observation angle of a person, the side of the device facing an observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and the like.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. A forging method of a cold-rolled roller blank is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, upsetting and drawing the steel ingot for the first time through a forging press, wherein the upsetting starting temperature is more than or equal to 1050 ℃, the upsetting final forging temperature is more than or equal to 870 ℃, the steel ingot is heated in a furnace after the first upsetting, the furnace charging temperature is controlled according to 1195 +/-10 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-5 hours;
s2, upsetting and drawing the ingot in the S1 for the second time, charging the obtained blank after upsetting and drawing for the second time, and annealing and hydrogen diffusion treatment, wherein the annealing and hydrogen diffusion treatment process conditions are as follows: controlling the temperature of the charging furnace according to 500 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8-12 hours, then heating to 860 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 13-18 hours, finally cooling to 750 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 16-20 hours, and cooling to 350 +/-50 ℃ along with the furnace;
s3, carrying out third upsetting and drawing on the steel ingot in the S2, then returning to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the furnace for charging according to 1195 +/-10 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2-5 hours to obtain a cold-rolled roller blank;
s4, heating the cold-rolled roll blank in the S3 to 1080 ℃ and preserving heat for 1-2 hours, reheating to the temperature range of 690-750 ℃ after oil cooling to be not higher than 100 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, and then water cooling; after tempering treatment, heating the head of the cold-rolled roller blank to 340-370 ℃, preserving heat for 4-5 hours, then carrying out spray cooling treatment, keeping the tail of the cold-rolled roller at 1020 ℃, preserving heat for 6-8 hours, then carrying out air cooling, finally heating the middle of the cold-rolled roller blank to 160-180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, and placing the cold-rolled roller blank into an iron box for cooling;
s5, performing rough machining on the cold-rolled roll blank in the S4; then carrying out phosphating treatment: the treatment is carried out at the temperature of 90-95 ℃, the ratio of the free acidity to the total acidity of the phosphate solution is 1:7-9, and the treatment time is 25-30 minutes;
the forging press in S1 comprises a lower beam (1); the periphery of the top of the lower beam (1) is fixedly connected with an upright post (11), and the top of the upright post (11) is fixedly connected with an upper beam (12); a group of oil cylinders (13) are fixedly connected in the upper beam (12), and the oil cylinders (13) penetrate through the upper beam (12) and extend to the bottom of the upper beam (12); the bottom of the oil cylinder (13) is fixedly connected with a sliding block (14), and the sliding block (14) is connected with the upright post (11) in a sliding manner; a quenching guide rail (15) is fixedly connected to the upright post (11) at a position corresponding to the slide block (14), and a rack (16) is arranged on one side of the guide rail (15); a gear (17) is rotatably connected to the position, corresponding to the rack (16), of the sliding block (14), the gear (17) is meshed with the rack (16), an oil supply cavity (18) is formed in the position, corresponding to a rotating shaft of the gear (17), of the sliding block (14), a roller (19) is rotatably connected to the oil supply cavity (18), and the roller (19) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; a group of hemispherical grooves (20) are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the roller (19); the top of the oil supply cavity (18) is communicated with an oil tank (21) filled with lubricating oil, and the bottom of the oil supply cavity (18) supplies oil to the guide rail (15) through an oil outlet pipe (22); lubricating oil is controlled to flow out when the groove (20) is matched with the gear (17) to rotate, so that the abrasion of the guide rail (15) is reduced, the labor intensity of manually coating the lubricating oil is reduced, and the normal operation of the forging press is ensured;
a group of toothless parts (23) are intermittently arranged on the rack (16), and the toothless parts (23) are matched with the gear (17), so that lubricating oil intermittently flows out of the oil outlet pipe (22), the pollution caused by excessive lubricating oil is reduced, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured;
a group of fixing holes (24) are formed in the root of each tooth of the rack (16), a travel switch (25) is fixedly connected in each fixing hole (24), and the gear (17) is not contacted with the travel switch (25) before the guide rail (15) is abraded; the travel switch (25) is connected with the alarm through the controller; after the guide rail (15) is worn, the gear (17) triggers the travel switch (25) to trigger an alarm, so that the offset wear of the sliding block (14) is reduced, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured.
2. The forging method of a cold rolled roll blank as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an oil collecting disc (3) is arranged on the upright post (11) at the bottom of the guide rail (15), a piston cylinder (31) is fixedly connected in the oil collecting disc (3), a piston rod (32) is connected in the piston cylinder (31) in a sliding manner, and the piston rod (32) is extruded when the sliding block (14) slides downwards; a spring is arranged between the piston rod (32) and the bottom of the piston rod (32); an oil inlet hole (33) is formed in the middle of the piston cylinder (31), the oil inlet hole (33) is communicated with the oil collecting disc (3), and an oil outlet hole (34) is formed in the bottom of the piston cylinder (31); the top of the guide rail (15) is provided with a lubricating pipe (35), and the lubricating pipe (35) is communicated with the oil outlet (34) through an oil distribution pipe (36); the piston rod (32) is extruded by the sliding block (14) to extrude the lubricating oil in the oil collecting disc (3), so that the utilization efficiency of the lubricating oil is increased, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured.
3. The forging method of a cold-rolled roll blank as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the height of the oil inlet hole (33) is higher than the bottom of the oil collecting disc (3), so that metal chips in the oil collecting disc (3) are prevented from blocking an oil distribution pipe (36), and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured.
4. The forging method of a cold-rolled roll blank as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the top of the guide rail (15) is fixedly connected with a support (37), the support (37) is fixedly connected with an elastic energy accumulator (38), the energy accumulator (38) is connected in series between the oil distribution pipe (36) and the lubricating pipe (35), the lubricating pipe (35) is controlled to slowly flow out lubricating oil through the energy accumulator (38), the lubricating oil splashing pollution is avoided, the lubricating oil consumption is saved, and the normal operation of the forging press is further ensured.
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| CN113894242B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2024-02-20 | 济源市天合特钢锻压有限公司 | Roller and forging forming process thereof |
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| JP2004346998A (en) * | 2003-05-21 | 2004-12-09 | Amada Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for supplying lubricating oil |
| CN202812728U (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2013-03-20 | 三明市金达机电设备有限公司 | Oil injection driving device for automatic oiling machine of elevator |
| CN203743792U (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-07-30 | 湖南天晟建筑机械有限公司 | Automatic oiling machine for construction lifter |
| CN103867876B (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2018-04-27 | 李燕强 | A kind of building hoist lubricating oil spray equipment |
| CN204934450U (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2016-01-06 | 海宁市中达紧固件有限公司 | A kind of forcing press |
| CN107598048A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-01-19 | 徐州华瑞机械锻造有限公司 | A kind of forging method of cold roll blank |
| CN109047600B (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-04-07 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Forging method of cold-rolled roller blank |
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