CN110999947A - Preservative and fresh-keeping coating film for aquatic products - Google Patents
Preservative and fresh-keeping coating film for aquatic products Download PDFInfo
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- CN110999947A CN110999947A CN201911140310.2A CN201911140310A CN110999947A CN 110999947 A CN110999947 A CN 110999947A CN 201911140310 A CN201911140310 A CN 201911140310A CN 110999947 A CN110999947 A CN 110999947A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/14—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12
- A23B4/18—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B4/20—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/14—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12
- A23B4/18—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B4/24—Inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/358—Inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an aquatic product preservative and fresh-keeping coating film which comprises a D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material and 0-4% of sodium chloride. The invention utilizes the proper hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material to regulate and control the timeliness and the long-acting property of the antibacterial, and simultaneously inhibits the growth of specific spoilage bacteria of fishes and shrimps and the formation of cell envelopes, thereby prolonging the shelf life of aquatic products and having wide application prospects in the aspects of seawater product storage and fresh-keeping, spoilage bacteria drug resistance reduction and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preservation and corrosion prevention, in particular to a biological preservative fresh-keeping coating for aquatic products.
Background
The traditional aquatic product preservative and fresh-keeping mode has two means of physical processing and chemical addition. Wherein, the physical processing technology mainly comprises ultrahigh pressure processing, microwave processing, irradiation processing and the like; the chemical addition is mainly to add bacteriostatic agent and preservative. The radiation treatment of the physical processing technology has a good sterilization effect, but the quality of aquatic products is easily affected and secondary pollution is possible; exogenous substances such as chemical compositions and antibiotics are added, so that potential safety hazards such as bacterial drug resistance are easily caused, and potential harm is caused to human health when too much exogenous substances are ingested. In recent years, biological preservatives have been paid attention to by scholars at home and abroad due to the characteristics of nature, high safety and the like, and are gradually used in the research of preservation and preservation of aquatic products.
However, most of the biological preservatives in the related technologies have poor antibacterial effect due to short antibacterial aging and short shelf life, so that the application of the biological preservatives in the preservation and the preservation of aquatic products is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a preservative fresh-keeping coating film for aquatic products. The preservative fresh-keeping coating has antibacterial long-acting property, can effectively inhibit the growth of putrefying bacteria and the formation of biofilm of aquatic products, and is harmless to the environment and human bodies.
To this end, in one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a preservative freshness-retaining coating film for aquatic products, comprising: d-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material and sodium chloride with the concentration of 0-4%.
According to the preservative fresh-keeping coating for aquatic products, the D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material is compounded with the sodium chloride, so that the preservative fresh-keeping coating has a synergistic effect, the polylactic acid can regulate and control the antibacterial timeliness of the D-tryptophan, the D-tryptophan can prevent bacteria from adhering to and proliferating on the polylactic acid, the sodium chloride can enhance the destructive capacity of the D-tryptophan on bacterial biofilms and the inhibition capacity of the D-tryptophan on the bacterial biofilms, and has a remarkable inhibition effect on the biofilms, and the action effect of the preservative fresh-keeping coating is enhanced along with the increase of the use concentration of the sodium chloride.
In addition, the preservative fresh-keeping coating film for aquatic products provided by the embodiment of the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
according to the embodiment of the invention, the D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating film material is prepared by a solution polymerization method: uniformly stirring and mixing 100 parts by weight of polylactic acid, 20-80 parts by weight of plasticizer and 10-20 parts by weight of D-tryptophan according to a proportion to obtain a mixed solution, then coating the mixed solution on a substrate layer in a film or sheet form by transfer coating, dip coating or blade coating, and drying the solvent to form a coating material.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the plasticizer is polyethylene glycol.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the weight part of the plasticizer is 40-50.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the preservative freshness-retaining coating film of aquatic products is suitable for inhibiting the growth of specific spoilage bacteria and the formation of biofilms of aquatic products.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the aquatic product specific spoilage bacteria comprise pseudomonas fluorescens and shewanella borrelia.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating materials in combination with different concentrations of sodium chloride on the growth inhibition of Pseudomonas fluorescens, a specific spoilage bacterium for fish and shrimp, according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating materials in combination with different concentrations of sodium chloride on the growth inhibition of Shewanella borreliana, a specific spoilage bacterium for fish and shrimp, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating materials in combination with different concentrations of sodium chloride on the inhibition of Pseudomonas fluorescens biofilm, a specific spoilage bacterium for fish and shrimp, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of the D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material according to the embodiment of the present invention on the inhibition of the biofilm of the specific spoilage bacteria of fish, shrimp, or Salmonella choleraesuis by combining different concentrations of sodium chloride.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is illustrated by specific examples below. It is to be understood that one or more method steps mentioned in the present invention do not exclude the presence of other method steps before or after the combination step or that other method steps may be inserted between the explicitly mentioned steps; it should also be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, unless otherwise indicated, the numbering of the various method steps is merely a convenient tool for identifying the various method steps, and is not intended to limit the order in which the method steps are arranged or the scope of the invention in which the invention may be practiced, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantially changing the technical content.
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail below. While exemplary embodiments of the invention have been shown, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The test materials adopted by the invention are all common commercial products and can be purchased in the market, wherein D-tryptophan and polylactic acid are selected from commercial sigma reagents.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the invention provides an aquatic product preservative and fresh-keeping coating, which comprises a D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material and 0-4% of sodium chloride.
The D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material is a fresh-keeping coating with D-tryptophan embedded in a polylactic acid matrix to form natural, biodegradable and edible polylactic acid, and has antibacterial property and antibacterial film property.
The inhibition capacity of D-tryptophan on the growth of both a biological capsule and bacteria is obviously improved along with the increase of the concentration of sodium chloride, and when the NaCl reaches 4%, the formation of the biological capsule can be completely inhibited, and the growth of the bacteria can be obviously inhibited, especially for Shewanella and pseudomonas which are common specific putrefying bacteria in the food industry.
Therefore, the preservative fresh-keeping coating film of the aquatic product is compounded with sodium chloride through a D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating film material, the high-concentration sodium chloride can form higher osmotic pressure to cause cell dehydration, the polylactic acid can regulate the antibacterial timeliness of the D-tryptophan, the D-tryptophan can prevent bacteria from adhering to and proliferating on the polylactic acid, the sodium chloride can enhance the destructive capacity of the D-tryptophan on a bacterial biofilm and the inhibition capacity of the D-tryptophan on the bacterial biofilm, and has a remarkable inhibition effect on the bacterial biofilm, and the three have a synergistic effect; the preservative fresh-keeping coating film not only can be used for breaking bacterial biofilm, but also has broad-spectrum bacteriostatic effect, and can be applied to low-temperature refrigeration and fresh keeping particularly at low temperature. The anticorrosive fresh-keeping coating film disclosed by the invention is simple in composition and free of chemical compounds and antibiotics, so that the generation of bacterial drug resistance is avoided, and the harm to the environment and human bodies is greatly reduced.
The invention will now be described with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to be limiting in any way.
Example 1
Uniformly stirring 100 parts by weight of polylactic acid, 45 parts by weight of plasticizer and 15 parts by weight of D-tryptophan according to a proportion to obtain a mixed solution, then coating the mixed solution on a substance layer in a film form by transfer coating, and drying the solvent to form the D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material.
The D-tryptophan/polylactic acid and 1% of sodium chloride are directly mixed to prepare the preservative fresh-keeping coating film of the aquatic product by taking the sodium chloride as a film forming additive.
Example 2
Uniformly stirring 100 parts by weight of polylactic acid, 50 parts by weight of plasticizer and 10 parts by weight of D-tryptophan according to a proportion to obtain a mixed solution, then coating the mixed solution on a layer in a sheet form by dip coating, and drying the solvent to form the D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material.
The D-tryptophan/polylactic acid and 2% of sodium chloride are directly mixed to prepare the preservative fresh-keeping coating film of the aquatic product by taking the sodium chloride as a film-forming additive.
Example 3
Uniformly stirring 100 parts by weight of polylactic acid, 40 parts by weight of plasticizer and 20 parts by weight of D-tryptophan according to a proportion to obtain a mixed solution, coating the mixed solution on a layer in a film form by using a blade coating method, and drying the solvent to form the D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material.
The D-tryptophan/polylactic acid and 3% of sodium chloride are directly mixed to prepare the preservative fresh-keeping coating film of the aquatic product by taking the sodium chloride as a film forming additive.
Example 4
Uniformly stirring 100 parts by weight of polylactic acid, 60 parts by weight of plasticizer and 16 parts by weight of D-tryptophan according to a proportion to obtain a mixed solution, then coating the mixed solution on a substance layer in a film form by transfer coating, and drying the solvent to form the D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material.
The D-tryptophan/polylactic acid and 4% of sodium chloride are directly mixed to prepare the preservative fresh-keeping coating film of the aquatic product by taking the sodium chloride as a film-forming additive.
Comparative example 1
The preservative fresh-keeping coating film for aquatic products in this embodiment includes 1% sodium chloride.
Comparative example 2
The preservative fresh-keeping coating film for aquatic products in this embodiment includes 2% sodium chloride.
Comparative example 3
The preservative fresh-keeping coating film for the aquatic products in the embodiment comprises 3% of sodium chloride.
Comparative example 4
The preservative freshness-retaining coating film for aquatic products in this embodiment includes 4% sodium chloride.
Test examples
The growth and biofilm tests were carried out on specific spoilage bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens and Wasabia borrelia, which can be isolated directly from aquatic products or commercially available) of fish and shrimp by adding the above examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 to LB medium, respectively. The growth assay steps include: culturing bacterial liquid, inoculating, culturing, determining by a CTC-flow cytometer (centrifuging, resuspending, adding CTF, incubating in a dark place, detecting by flow cytometry), and drawing a growth curve; the biofilm testing steps include: culturing bacterial liquid, inoculating the bacterial liquid to a 96-well plate, culturing, determining crystal violet (rinsing with pure water, airing, dyeing, rinsing, airing, decoloring and reading an OD value), and drawing a growth curve.
Pseudomonas fluorescens and Shewanella borrelia are both specific spoilage bacteria common in fish and shrimp. In the low-temperature storage process, cold-resistant and salt-resistant pseudomonas fluorescens and Shewanella borreliana can continuously grow to decompose fat and protein in tissues of fishes and shrimps, so that aquatic products are putrefy and the quality of the aquatic products is reduced, and the formed biofilm can continuously pollute the products, corrode equipment, pollute the production environment and shorten the shelf life of the products.
The growth test adopts a detection method adopting a live bacterium CTC-flow cytometer: taking the bacterial liquid cultured for the corresponding time, centrifuging at 12000r/min for 10min, removing supernatant, and resuspending the bacterial liquid with 1mL sterile PBS or normal saline. The total colony number measuring method of the CTC-flow cytometer comprises the following steps: mu.L of the sample was added to a 96-well plate, 4. mu.L of 50mM CTC was added, and the plate was incubated at 37 ℃ in the dark for 3 hours, followed by counting using a flow cytometer. A200. mu.L sample was added to a 96-well plate without CTC as negative. Flow cytometer parameters were set to: FL1 was 4.11, FL2 was 6.29, FL3 was 5.47, and the volume was 50 μ L per measurement. The optimal reaction conditions for CTC staining were: the final concentration of CTC is 2mM, the incubation is carried out for 3h at 37 ℃ in the dark, and the minimum detection limit of the method is 103CFU/mL。
The biofilm test adopts a crystal violet detection method: the activated strain was diluted 1:100 and inoculated into a 96-well cell plate at a volume of 100. mu.L/well (the inoculum size was adjusted appropriately according to the incubation time, and if the incubation time exceeded two days, the inoculum size was increased appropriately to prevent air drying of the inoculum). Then putting the sample into the culture temperature for constant temperature culture at 4 ℃. Considering that different strains have different periods of pellicle formation and exfoliation at different culture temperatures, it is suggested that measurement can be selected every 12h or every 24h to find the peak of pellicle formation by the strain when cultured at the appropriate temperature. After the culture time is up, the excess medium is aspirated by a pipette gun, and the cells are washed 2 times with 150. mu.L of ultrapure water, the last wash being as complete as possible, in order to shorten the subsequent drying time, and dried or baked. Adding 150 mu L of crystal violet dye solution, standing for 20min, and sucking away the dye solution. Washing with 200 μ L water twice, air drying, adding 200ul 95% ethanol, decolorizing for 5min, placing 100 μ L per well in a new 96-well plate, and reading OD value at 595nm with an enzyme labeling instrument.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of growth inhibition of Pseudomonas fluorescens, a specific putrefying bacterium for fish and shrimp in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4; FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of growth inhibition of Shewanella borrelia, a specific spoilage bacterium for fish and shrimp in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4; FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the inhibition of Pseudomonas fluorescens biofilm, a specific putrefying bacterium, on fish and shrimp in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4; FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of inhibiting Shewanella borrelia biofilm, a specific spoilage bacterium for fish and shrimp, in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4. Compared with a control group which is not added with any treatment, the preservative fresh-keeping coating film of the aquatic product can respectively delay the growth of pseudomonas fluorescens and Shewanella borreliana for 6 days and 4 days, the number of viable bacteria is reduced by 3.2CFU/ml and 3CFU/ml in a 4-DEG C low-temperature storage period of 8 days, and the biofilm is inhibited by 64 percent and 71 percent in a 4-DEG C low-temperature storage period of 3 days.
Example 6
The application of the preservative fresh-keeping coating film of the aquatic product in the cold fresh preservation of fish and shrimp. 15 commercially available fresh large yellow croakers with the average mass of 300 +/-50 g are purchased, the large yellow croaker bodies of the above examples 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 4 are respectively coated with films, and after drying for 5 minutes at room temperature, the coated large yellow croakers are stored in a refrigerator at 4 ℃. During the period, volatile basic nitrogen measurement was performed on the stored large yellow croaker, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained, and the data are the average values after 3 measurements. Method for measuring volatile basic nitrogen: mashing the fish sample by using a tissue triturator, weighing 5g of the mashed fish sample into a conical flask, adding 45mL of perchloric acid solution, homogenizing for 2min, filtering by using filter paper, and storing the liquid to be detected at 4 ℃. The detection method refers to national standard TVB-N for determination.
As can be seen from table 1, compared with comparative examples 1 to 4, the fish meat of examples 1 to 4 has significantly lower content of volatile basic nitrogen, and the second-level freshness standard is that volatile basic nitrogen is less than 30, and the preservation period of the examples is longer than the comparative examples, which indicates that the method of the present invention has a better preservation effect, and the sodium chloride in the method of the present invention also has a concentration of 4% as a preference.
TABLE 1 volatile basic nitrogen content (mg/100g) in fish meat
In conclusion, the D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material is compounded with the sodium chloride, so that the D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material has a synergistic interaction effect, the sodium chloride can form higher osmotic pressure to cause cell dehydration, the polylactic acid can regulate the antibacterial timeliness of the D-tryptophan as a film forming agent of a coating material, the D-tryptophan can prevent bacteria from adhering to and proliferating on the polylactic acid, the sodium chloride can enhance the destructive capacity of the D-tryptophan on a bacterial biofilm and the inhibition capacity on bacterial growth, the D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material also has a remarkable inhibition effect on the bacterial biofilm, the action effect is enhanced along with the increase of the use concentration of the sodium chloride, and the D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material has a better fresh-keeping effect in the actual large yellow croaker.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above should not be understood to necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An aquatic product preservative and freshness-retaining coating film, characterized by comprising: d-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating material and sodium chloride with the concentration of 0-4%.
2. The aquatic product preservative freshness-retaining coating film according to claim 1, wherein the D-tryptophan/polylactic acid coating film material is prepared by a solution polymerization method: uniformly stirring and mixing 100 parts by weight of polylactic acid, 20-80 parts by weight of plasticizer and 10-20 parts by weight of D-tryptophan according to a proportion to obtain a mixed solution, then coating the mixed solution on a layer in a film or sheet form by transfer coating, dip coating or blade coating, and drying the solvent to form a coating material.
3. A preservative freshness-retaining coating film for aquatic products according to claim 2, wherein said plasticizer is polyethylene glycol.
4. The aquatic product preservative and freshness-retaining coating film according to claim 2, wherein the plasticizer is 40 to 50 parts by weight.
5. A preservative freshness coating for aquatic products according to any one of claims 1 to 4 adapted to inhibit the growth of specific spoilage bacteria and biofilm formation in aquatic products.
6. The preservative freshness-retaining film for aquatic products according to claim 5, wherein the aquatic product specific spoilage bacteria include Pseudomonas fluorescens and Shewanella borrelia.
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