CN110996215A - Method, device and computer readable medium for determining noise reduction parameters of earphone - Google Patents
Method, device and computer readable medium for determining noise reduction parameters of earphone Download PDFInfo
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- CN110996215A CN110996215A CN202010118025.7A CN202010118025A CN110996215A CN 110996215 A CN110996215 A CN 110996215A CN 202010118025 A CN202010118025 A CN 202010118025A CN 110996215 A CN110996215 A CN 110996215A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
- H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/10—Details of earpieces, attachments therefor, earphones or monophonic headphones covered by H04R1/10 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
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Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a method, apparatus, and computer readable medium for determining noise reduction parameters for a headset including a speaker, an in-ear microphone, and a filter assembly. The method comprises the following steps: playing a low-frequency audio signal with the frequency outside the hearing range of human ears by a loudspeaker; determining a current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone or a parameter of a current audio signal acquired by the in-ear microphone; determining a current noise reduction parameter by referring to the N-group corresponding relation between the parameter of the preset transfer function or the preset audio signal and the preset noise reduction parameter based on the parameter of the current transfer function or the current audio signal, wherein the noise reduction parameter comprises a filter coefficient of a filter started in a filter component; and configuring the filter component with the current noise reduction parameters for noise reduction. Through playing the low-frequency audio signal outside the auditory range of the human ear for many times, the dynamic adjustment of the noise reduction parameters of the earphone can be realized, the noise reduction effect under different use scenes is ensured, and the listening experience of a user is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of headphones, and more particularly, to a method, an apparatus, and a computer-readable medium for determining a noise reduction parameter of a headphone.
Background
With the social progress and the improvement of the living standard of people, the earphone becomes an indispensable living article for people. The earphone with the noise suppression function can enable a user to enjoy comfortable noise reduction experience in various noisy environments such as airports, subways, airplanes, restaurants and the like, and is increasingly widely accepted by markets and customers. However, different noise conditions, different wearing manners of the earphones and different ear canal structures all affect the noise suppression function of the existing earphones, and bring less than ideal use experience to users.
Firstly, the noise reduction effect of the earphone is greatly influenced by different wearing modes and different ear canal structures. Different users have different ear canal structures, and different wearing modes lead to different relative positions between the earphone and the human ear, and the influence of the generated gap on noise and the influence on echo in the ear are different. Even if the same user uses the same type of earphone, the positions of the earphones in the ears of the user are not completely consistent each time the user wears the earphones, and therefore the filtering coefficients adopted when the noise of the earphones is reduced need to be actively adjusted in an adaptive mode.
Secondly, when the user wears the earphone, a section of audio can be played by the earphone loudspeaker as a prompt tone, the prompt tone enables the earphone to obtain a set of more appropriate noise reduction parameters in the initial state, and after the prompt tone is played, the earphone can be configured by adopting the noise reduction parameters to reduce noise when the user starts to play audio signals. However, the speaker plays the alert sound to affect the listening experience of the user, and when the user wears the earphone and the relative position of the earphone and the ear canal changes, the earphone cannot acquire the noise reduction parameter after the change.
Obviously, the existing earphones cannot solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure is provided to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art.
The scheme for determining the noise reduction parameters of the earphones is required, and the noise reduction parameters of the earphones can be dynamically adjusted by playing low-frequency audio signals outside the auditory range of human ears for multiple times or continuously, so that the influence of the earphones on a noise reduction system in different use scenes is reduced, and the listening experience of a user is improved.
According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of determining noise reduction parameters for a headset, wherein the headset comprises a speaker, an in-ear microphone and a filter assembly, the method comprising: playing a low-frequency audio signal by a loudspeaker, wherein the frequency of the low-frequency audio signal is out of the hearing range of human ears; determining a current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone and/or parameters of a current audio signal acquired by the in-ear microphone; determining a current noise reduction parameter by referring to a corresponding relation of N groups of the parameters of the preset transfer function and/or the preset audio signal and the preset noise reduction parameter based on the parameters of the current transfer function and/or the current audio signal, wherein N is a positive integer, and the noise reduction parameter comprises a filter coefficient of a filter enabled in a filter component; and configuring the filter component with the current noise reduction parameters for noise reduction.
According to the method for determining the noise reduction parameters of the earphones, the low-frequency audio signals outside the auditory range of human ears are played for multiple times, so that the noise reduction parameters of the earphones can be dynamically adjusted, the influence of the earphones on a noise reduction system under different use scenes is reduced, and the listening experience of a user is improved.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an apparatus for determining a noise reduction parameter of a headphone, the apparatus comprising: a speaker, an in-ear microphone, a filter assembly, and a processor, wherein the speaker is configured to play low-frequency audio signals having frequencies outside of the audible range of the human ear; the processor is configured to: determining a current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone and/or parameters of a current audio signal acquired by the in-ear microphone; determining a current noise reduction parameter by referring to a corresponding relation of N groups of the parameters of the preset transfer function and/or the preset audio signal and the preset noise reduction parameter based on the parameters of the current transfer function and/or the current audio signal, wherein N is a positive integer, and the noise reduction parameter comprises a filter coefficient of a filter enabled in a filter component; and a filter component configured to denoise using the current denoising parameters.
According to the device for determining the noise reduction parameters of the earphones, the dynamic adjustment of the noise reduction parameters of the earphones can be realized by playing the low-frequency audio signals outside the auditory range of human ears for many times, the influence of the earphones on a noise reduction system under different use scenes is reduced, and the listening experience of a user is improved.
According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon instructions that, when executed by a processor, perform a method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
The non-transitory computer readable medium executes the method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, and by playing the low-frequency audio signal outside the hearing range of human ears for multiple times, the noise reduction parameters of the earphone can be dynamically adjusted, so that a better noise reduction effect can be ensured in different usage scenarios, and the listening experience of the user can be improved.
Drawings
In the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, like reference numerals may describe similar components in different views. Like reference numerals having letter suffixes or different letter suffixes may represent different instances of similar components. The drawings illustrate various embodiments generally by way of example and not by way of limitation, and together with the description and claims serve to explain the disclosed embodiments. The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts, where appropriate. Such embodiments are illustrative, and are not intended to be exhaustive or exclusive embodiments of the present apparatus or method.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a headphone noise reduction process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of a method of determining headphone noise reduction parameters according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of determining a current transfer function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of determining a preset transfer function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of removing an acoustic signal corresponding to a low-frequency audio signal from a signal to be processed for feedback noise reduction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus for determining a noise reduction parameter of a headphone according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the technical aspects of the present disclosure, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The order in which the various steps described herein are described as examples should not be construed as a limitation if there is no requirement for a context relationship between each other, and one skilled in the art would know that sequential adjustments may be made without destroying the logical relationship between each other, rendering the overall process impractical.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a headphone active noise reduction process 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the headphone may implement an active noise reduction process 100 through a feed-forward path and a feedback path. In some embodiments, on the feed-forward path, the ear microphone 101a collects the ambient noise outside the earphone, and the ambient noise collected by the ear microphone 101a may include an audio component leaked to the surrounding environment outside the ear when the speaker 107 of the earphone plays the audio signal, in addition to the noise generated by the surrounding environment, and the audio component is a part of the ambient noise. The collected ambient noise is subjected to gain processing by an analog gain 102a and analog-to-digital conversion by a first analog-to-digital converter 103a, and then is transmitted to a first low-pass and down-sampling filter 104 a. The first low pass and down sample filter 104a can reduce the filter sampling rate, thereby reducing power consumption and filter order, and further reducing the area of the noise reduction chip and reducing cost. Then, the ambient noise signal passing through the first low-pass and down-sampling filter 104a is filtered by the feedforward filter 111, and the ambient noise signal processed by the feedforward filter 111 is transmitted to the adder 109, and then played by the speaker 107 after being processed by digital-to-analog conversion by the digital-to-analog converter 106. The feedforward filtered ambient noise played out by the speaker 107 and arriving in the ear creates air cancellation to achieve noise reduction.
In some embodiments, in the feedback path, the in-ear microphone 101b collects in-ear noise including an audio echo signal generated when the audio signal is played and an in-ear residual signal after air cancellation at a position inside the earphone near the ear canal. The collected in-ear noise is subjected to gain processing by an analog gain 102b and analog-to-digital conversion by a second analog-to-digital converter 103b, and then transmitted to a second low-pass and down-sampling filter 104 b. The second low pass and downsample filter 104b can reduce the filter sampling rate, thereby reducing power consumption and filter order, and further reducing the area of the noise reduction chip and reducing cost. Subsequently, the in-ear noise signal passing through the second low-pass and down-sampling filter 104b is transmitted to the adder 110.
The audio signal to be played 105 is an audio signal to be transmitted to the speaker 107 for playing, and on one hand, it is transmitted to the adder 109, and after being processed by the digital-to-analog conversion of the digital-to-analog converter 106, it is played by the speaker 107; on the other hand, it is transmitted to an echo filter 112, and the echo filter 112 is used to generate an audio echo signal generated by the audio signal 105 to be broadcast reflected by the ear canal after being played by the speaker 107, and then the audio echo signal is fed to an adder 110 to be cancelled. The adder 110 integrates the in-ear noise processed by the second low-pass and down-sampling filter 104b with the audio signal processed by the echo filter 112, so that the noise signal in the feedback path is no longer affected by the audio echo signal. The summer 110 then transmits the integrated noise signal to the feedback filter 112 for filtering. The noise signal after the feedback filter is transmitted to the adder 109 after passing through the limiter 108, and is played by the speaker 107 after being processed by digital-to-analog conversion of the digital-to-analog converter 106, thereby realizing feedback noise reduction.
In some cases, the digital-to-analog converter 106 may first perform upsampling filtering, and then perform digital-to-analog conversion, so that the digital-to-analog converter operates at a higher sampling rate, thereby improving the performance of the digital-to-analog converter.
The above is the working principle of noise reduction of the earphone according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. A first aspect of the present disclosure proposes a method of determining headphone noise reduction parameters, which is compatible and applicable to the active noise reduction process shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 2 shows a flow diagram of a method 200 of determining headphone noise reduction parameters according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the process 200 begins with step 201, where a low-frequency audio signal is played by a speaker, the frequency of the low-frequency audio signal being outside the audible range of the human ear at step 201. After the earpiece is placed in the ear canal of a human ear, the speaker may play a low-frequency audio signal for obtaining noise reduction parameters of the individual filters in the earpiece filter assembly in the usage scenario, such as, but not limited to, which filters are enabled and the filter coefficients of the enabled filters. The frequency of the low-frequency audio signal is outside the hearing range of human ears, the playing cannot be heard by a user, so that the interference to the user is avoided, the listening experience of the user is improved, the low-frequency audio signal can be played for many times or the playing time length can be increased according to actual needs, the corresponding noise reduction parameters can be determined more accurately, the corresponding noise reduction parameters can be provided dynamically particularly in response to the real-time changes (such as the movement of the user and the change of the wearing mode) of various use scenes of the user, and the good noise reduction effect under various changed use scenes is ensured. The auditory range of the human ear is typically within 20Hz-20 kHz. The frequency of the low-frequency audio signal may be selected to be less than 20Hz, for example, 10Hz or 15 Hz.
In step 202, a current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone or a parameter of a current audio signal captured by the in-ear microphone is determined. Based on the step 201, a low-frequency audio signal is played by a speaker, and after being played, the signal is reflected by the ear canal of the human ear and collected by an in-ear microphone as a current audio signal. From the current audio signal, a current transfer function of the transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone or parameters of the current audio signal may be determined for further determining noise reduction parameters of the filter component in step 203.
In step 203, a current noise reduction parameter is determined based on a current transfer function or a parameter of a current audio signal with reference to N-group correspondence of a parameter of a preset transfer function or a preset audio signal and a preset noise reduction parameter, where N is a positive integer, and the noise reduction parameter may include a filter coefficient of a filter enabled in a filter component. N groups of preset transfer functions, N groups of parameters of preset audio signals, and N groups of preset noise reduction parameters corresponding to the N groups of preset transfer functions or the N groups of parameters of preset audio signals may be obtained in advance through N groups of measurements, that is, in a usage scenario of a certain headset, the current transfer function of a transmission path from the speaker to the in-ear microphone or the parameters of the current audio signal collected by the in-ear microphone is determined by using the above method, and a corresponding suitable noise reduction parameter is determined as one group of the N groups of corresponding relationships. In some embodiments, suitable noise reduction parameters may be determined by, but are not limited to, a listening operator manually listening to the sound.
By comparing the current transfer function or the current audio signal parameter determined in step 202 with the pre-measured pre-set transfer function or pre-measured audio signal parameter, the noise reduction parameter corresponding to the pre-set transfer function or pre-set audio signal parameter with the highest similarity can be selected as the current noise reduction parameter of the filter assembly in the current state. The noise reduction parameters include filter coefficients used by the filter component to enable the respective filter, and in some embodiments, may also include the enablement status of the respective filter.
In step 204, the filter components are configured with the current noise reduction parameters determined in step 203 for noise reduction.
In steps 202 and 203, the transfer function of the transmission path and the parameters of the audio signal are considered separately as an example, but this is merely an example, and the transfer function and the parameters of the audio signal may also be considered in combination. Specifically, N-group correspondence of the preset transfer function and the parameter of the preset audio signal with the preset noise reduction parameter may be established, and the current noise reduction parameter may be determined with reference to the N-group correspondence based on both the current transfer function and the parameter of the current audio signal.
According to the method for determining the noise reduction parameters of the earphones, the low-frequency audio signals outside the auditory range of human ears are played, the suitable noise reduction parameters can be determined in time and pertinently in different earphone use scenes, the influence of different use scenes on the noise reduction effect is reduced, the good noise reduction effect in various changed use scenes is ensured, and the listening experience of a user is improved.
In some embodiments, the N-set correspondence is obtained by pre-measuring under N usage scenarios of the headset. The usage scenario is defined by any one of or a combination of the ear canal structure of the user or the artificial ear, the wearing condition, and the properties of the device on the transmission path. Different ear canal structures, different wearing manners of the earphones and different properties (functions, parameters, aging degrees and the like) of devices on transmission paths of the earphones all have certain influence on the noise reduction effect of the earphones, so different use scenes can be defined by the factors. In some embodiments, the usage scenario may also include whether the earphone is in the ear, and the preset noise reduction parameter may indicate that any filter in the filter component is not enabled corresponding to the usage scenario in which the earphone is not in the ear, which is not described herein. Therefore, the filter is started only in the use scene that the earphone is positioned in the ear, the power consumption of the earphone is reduced, and the endurance time of the earphone is prolonged.
In some embodiments, the current noise reduction parameters (filter enable conditions and/or filter coefficients) are determined with reference to N-set correspondences of preset transfer functions and preset noise reduction parameters based on the current transfer function, which may be implemented based on the following examples. The product of the filter coefficients of the headphone noise reduction system under different conditions and the transfer function of the transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone is relatively fixed, e.g. it does not vary by more than 1db over 2k frequencies. Whereby the above correspondence can be expressed as: current filter coefficient = current transfer function = preset filter coefficient · preset transfer function; where "-" denotes a filter cascade configured with the above-described filter coefficients and transfer function. That is, when the usage scenario of the headphone changes, only the current transfer function of the transmission path from the speaker to the in-ear microphone under the current condition where the change occurs needs to be determined, in view of the fact that the preset filter coefficient (the preset noise reduction parameter) and the preset transfer function are known, so that the current filter coefficient of the feedforward filter under the current condition can be determined. In some embodiments, a set of preset transfer functions and preset filter coefficients may be sufficient, and the current filter coefficient may be determined based on the current transfer function and the product of the set of preset transfer functions and the preset filter coefficients. In some embodiments, the N sets of preset noise reduction parameters may include both feedforward and feedback filter coefficients, and their enabling conditions. By adjusting the feedforward and feedback filtering systems of the earphone at the same time, the noise reduction performance of the earphone can be optimized or meet the requirements.
In some embodiments, a preset transfer function with the highest similarity (amplitude, phase, energy, gain, etc.) to the current transfer function may also be selected from the N groups of preset transfer functions; and taking the preset noise reduction parameter corresponding to the preset transfer function with the highest similarity as the current noise reduction parameter, and configuring each filter in the filter assembly according to the current noise reduction parameter. The method does not need to calculate the preset noise reduction parameters and the transfer function every time, and only needs to determine the preset transfer function with the highest similarity to the current transfer function, so that the current noise reduction parameters can be determined to realize the active noise reduction of the earphone.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of determining a current transfer function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 3, in 300, an earphone is placed in the ear canal of a human ear and a low-frequency audio signal 301 is played by a speaker 303 via a digital-to-analog converter 302 a. On the one hand the low frequency audio signal 301 is transmitted to an echo filter 306; on the other hand, the audio signal played by the speaker 303 is reflected by the ear canal and collected by the in-ear microphone 304, and then is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by the analog-to-digital converter 302b to obtain the current audio signal 305. The echo filter 306 is able to determine the current transfer function of the transmission path of the earpiece speaker to the in-ear microphone in the current earpiece use scenario based on the low frequency audio signal 301 and the current audio signal 305.
Similarly, fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of determining a preset transfer function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 4, in 400, under different usage scenarios, a user puts an earphone into an ear canal or an artificial ear, respectively, and a low-frequency audio signal 401 is played by a speaker 403 via a digital-to-analog converter 402 a. On the one hand the low frequency audio signal 401 is transmitted to an echo filter 406; on the other hand, the audio signal played by the speaker 403 is reflected by the ear canal and collected by the in-ear microphone 404, and then is analog-to-digital converted by the analog-to-digital converter 402b to obtain a collected low-frequency audio signal 405. The echo filter 406 can determine a preset transfer function of a transmission path from the earpiece speaker to the in-ear microphone when the user puts the earpiece into the ear canal under different usage scenarios based on the low-frequency audio signal 401 and the collected low-frequency audio signal 405.
Based on the preset transfer function, the residual noise signal in the ear approaches to zero by continuously debugging each filter in the filter assembly, so that the preset noise reduction parameter corresponding to the preset transfer function is obtained. When the earphone detects the latest current transfer function, the noise reduction parameters of the earphone in the current state can be determined through a comparison and table look-up mode.
In some embodiments, the current noise reduction parameters (filter enable conditions and filter coefficients) are determined with reference to N-group correspondences of parameters of the preset audio signal and preset noise reduction parameters based on the parameters of the current audio signal, which may be implemented based on the following examples. Selecting the parameters of the preset audio signals with the highest similarity (time domain distribution parameters, frequency domain distribution parameters, energy in time domain and/or frequency domain and the like) with the parameters of the current audio signals from the N groups of parameters of the preset audio signals; and taking the preset noise reduction parameter corresponding to the parameter of the preset audio signal with the highest similarity as the current noise reduction parameter, and configuring each filter in the filter assembly according to the current noise reduction parameter. The method does not need to calculate the preset noise reduction parameters and the parameters of the audio signals every time, and only needs to determine the parameters of the preset audio signals with the highest similarity to the parameters of the current audio signals, so that the current noise reduction parameters can be determined to realize the active noise reduction of the earphone.
In some embodiments, the parameter of the audio signal includes any one or a combination of a time-domain distribution parameter, a frequency-domain distribution parameter, and energy in a time domain and/or a frequency domain of the audio signal, and the parameter of the preset audio signal having the highest similarity may be selected based on similarity of the time-domain distribution parameter, the frequency-domain distribution parameter, and the energy in the time domain and/or the frequency domain. The energy in the time domain and/or the frequency domain refers to energy normalized with respect to a reference energy. The reference energy is obtained by detecting a low-frequency audio signal played through a speaker. The energy is detected from the audio signal collected by the in-ear microphone by filtering the audio signal with a filter having a passband that includes low frequency audio signals. Thus, the energy normalized relative to the reference energy can measure and compare the energy distribution of the audio signals on different time domain/frequency domain points on a uniform scale, thereby avoiding the interference caused by different amplitudes of the played low-frequency audio signals. And obtaining N groups of corresponding energy according to N groups of preset audio signal parameters obtained by pre-measurement, and selecting a group of preset noise reduction parameters corresponding to the energy closest to the current energy from the N groups of energy as the current noise reduction parameters for configuring the earphone filter assembly.
In the embodiment, the corresponding noise reduction parameters are selected based on the parameters of the audio signal, and the current noise reduction parameters can be determined to realize active noise reduction of the earphone without calculating the transfer function on the noise reduction path of the earphone, and meanwhile, the calculation load is reduced.
In some embodiments, additionally or alternatively, it may be determined whether the user is wearing headphones, i.e. whether the headphones are placed in the user's ears, prior to determining the current noise reduction parameters of the filter assembly. In particular, it may be determined whether the earpiece is in the ear based on the current transfer function or a parameter of the current audio signal; and in the event that the earpiece is determined to be in the ear, determining current noise reduction parameters and configuring the filter component with the current noise reduction parameters for noise reduction. Similarly, the above determination process may be determined based on whether the amplitude of the current transfer function at a certain frequency point is smaller than a certain threshold; or whether a parameter (energy) of the current audio signal is less than a certain threshold.
In some embodiments, when the feedback noise reduction in the headphone noise reduction system is enabled, the feedback filter in the feedback path attenuates the low-frequency audio signal played by the speaker, and the attenuated low-frequency audio signal cannot accurately complete the subsequent noise reduction parameter determination process due to the low signal strength. Therefore, in the case of enabling the feedback noise reduction, in order to make the intensity of the audio signal collected by the in-ear microphone consistent with the intensity of the audio signal when the feedback noise reduction is not enabled, the acoustic signal corresponding to the low-frequency audio signal can be removed from the acoustic signal collected by the in-ear microphone and fed to the feedback noise reduction path, so that the feedback filter generates a fitting signal to generate a cancellation effect only based on the noise signal except the acoustic signal corresponding to the low-frequency audio signal, and the low-frequency audio signal played by the loudspeaker is reserved in the signal remained in the ear after the cancellation, wherein the intensity of the low-frequency audio signal can ensure that the signal is accurately collected by the in-ear microphone.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a process of removing an acoustic signal corresponding to a low-frequency audio signal from a signal to be processed for feedback noise reduction according to an embodiment of the disclosure, in which process 500 the acoustic signal corresponding to the low-frequency audio signal is removed from the signal to be processed for feedback noise reduction to avoid that the low-frequency audio signal is attenuated by the feedback noise reduction when being regarded as a noise signal. As shown in fig. 5, in one aspect, the ambient noise 501a is collected by the ear microphone 502 and fed to the feedforward filter 507a for feedforward noise reduction through the analog-to-digital conversion of the first analog-to-digital converter 504. On the other hand, the in-ear noise 501b (including the ambient noise entering the ear, the leaked audio signal, and the like), and the low-frequency audio signal (the played low-frequency audio signal 501 c) played by the speaker 508 and the fitting noise 501d are collected by the in-ear microphone 503, and are fed to the feedback filter 507b through the analog-to-digital conversion action of the second analog-to-digital converter 505. The fitting noise 501d is a noise signal which is obtained by performing feedforward filtering on the environmental noise collected by the microphone outside the ear, performing feedback filtering on the environmental noise collected by the microphone in the ear, and finally playing the environmental noise and the environmental noise together through the loudspeaker. The feedforward filtered signal and the feedback filtered signal are added by an adder 510 and played through a digital-to-analog converter 506 and a speaker 508, that is, a played low-frequency audio signal 501c and a fitting noise 501d, and the fitting noise 501d is used for generating cancellation with the in-ear noise 501b to achieve noise reduction.
In the above process, the in-ear noise 501b needs to be removed by using the cancellation effect, the played low-frequency audio signal 501c needs to be retained, and the attenuation generated by the feedback noise reduction loop corresponding to the feedback filter 507b has little influence on the noise signal with large frequency, but has a larger influence on the low-frequency audio signal with small frequency. Based on this, in the present embodiment, the acoustic signal corresponding to the low-frequency audio signal is removed from the acoustic signal collected by the in-ear microphone 503 and fed to the feedback noise reduction path. As an example, as shown in fig. 5, a low frequency filter 509 (which may be implemented as a high pass or band stop filter) may be disposed downstream of the in-ear microphone 503, configured to: with feedback noise reduction enabled, the acoustic signal corresponding to the low frequency audio signal is removed from the acoustic signal collected by the in-ear microphone 503 and fed to the feedback noise reduction path. The arrangement position of the low frequency filter 509 is not limited to that shown in fig. 5 as long as it can remove the acoustic signal corresponding to the low frequency audio signal from the acoustic signal picked up by the in-ear microphone and fed to the feedback noise reduction path.
The feedback filter fits signals based on noise signals except acoustic signals corresponding to the low-frequency audio signals to generate a cancellation effect, and the low-frequency audio signals played by the loudspeaker are reserved in the ear after cancellation, so that the attenuation effect of the feedback filter is eliminated, and meanwhile the played low-frequency audio signals needing to be reserved are reserved. In some embodiments, the low frequency filter 509 may be implemented by any one of an echo filter, a high pass filter, a band stop filter, or a combination thereof. For example, the low frequency filter 509 may be implemented by using the echo filter 112 shown in fig. 1, and in the case that the frequency of the low frequency audio signal is about 10hz, the filter coefficient of the echo filter 112 may be adaptively configured to filter the low frequency audio signal of about 10 hz. As another example, it can be realized by using a high-pass filter, and specifically, the cut-off frequency point can be set to be greater than 10hz, and the attenuation of 15db-20db or even more than 20db is provided at the frequency point of 10 hz. For another example, the filtering can be implemented by a band-stop filter, and specifically, the center frequency point can be set at 10hz, so as to facilitate filtering of the low-frequency audio signals of 10 hz.
In some embodiments, low-frequency audio signals may be played multiple times by the speaker; the current noise reduction parameters are updated based on the determined current transfer function or the parameters of the current audio signal for each playback. When the state that the user wears the earphone changes, the current noise reduction parameters of the earphone can be updated and adjusted in time by playing the low-frequency audio signals for multiple times. In the active noise reduction process of a user, the wearing mode of the earphone is likely to change, and the low-frequency audio signal can be played for many times because the low-frequency audio signal cannot be heard by the user, so that the current noise reduction parameters of the earphone can be updated and adjusted in time aiming at the real-time change of the wearing mode and even the use scene of the user every time, and the noise reduction effect is further improved. Specifically, the low frequency audio signal may be played periodically, for example, every 2S, the low frequency audio signal may be played for 100 ms. The intermittent multiple playing of the low-frequency signals greatly reduces the power consumption generated when the low-frequency audio signals are played all the time, and meanwhile, the current noise reduction parameters of the earphone can be updated and adjusted in time according to the wearing mode of a user and even the real-time change of a use scene all the time.
In some embodiments, after determining the current noise reduction parameters: the low frequency audio signals may be played back by the speaker; determining an updated current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone or parameters of an updated current audio signal acquired by the in-ear microphone; and when the difference between the updated current transfer function or the updated current audio signal parameter and the current transfer function or the current audio signal parameter corresponding to the current noise reduction parameter exceeds a threshold value, adjusting the low-frequency audio signal to improve the anti-interference performance of the low-frequency audio signal. In order to improve the anti-interference performance of the low-frequency audio signal, the amplitude or duration of the low-frequency audio signal needs to be increased, which results in a larger consumption of computing resources and power consumption for playing the low-frequency audio signal. When the difference between the updated current transfer function or the updated current audio signal parameter and the current transfer function or the current audio signal parameter corresponding to the current noise reduction parameter is determined to be large enough, the amplitude or the duration of the low-frequency audio signal can be increased, the anti-interference performance of the low-frequency audio signal can be improved, and the current transfer function or the current audio signal parameter can be obtained again, so that the current audio signal parameter or the current transfer function can be detected more accurately, and the noise reduction parameter can be selected accordingly. When the difference between the updated current transfer function or the updated current audio signal parameter and the current transfer function or the current audio signal parameter corresponding to the current noise reduction parameter is less than a certain threshold value, the current earphone state can be considered to be stable, and the noise reduction parameter does not need to be changed. Based on the method, the good balance between the anti-interference performance, the computing resource consumption and the low-frequency audio playing power consumption is realized.
In some embodiments, the amplitude of the low frequency audio signal is gradually increased when the low frequency audio signal starts to be played; when the playing of the low-frequency audio signal is stopped, the amplitude of the low-frequency audio signal is gradually decreased. Thereby avoiding signal interference, e.g., a "snap" sound, that is generated when the low frequency audio signal starts to be played and when the low frequency audio signal stops being played.
In some embodiments, the step of configuring the filter components with the updated noise reduction parameters comprises: the filter components are dynamically configured with the updated noise reduction parameters and the weighted noise reduction parameters of the first gain and the current noise reduction parameters and the second gain to achieve smooth switching of the noise reduction parameters. Wherein, in the switching, the first gain is gradually increased from 0 to 1, the sum of the second gain and the first gain at each moment is 1, and the first gain is realized by a step response through a low-pass filter. When the noise reduction parameters of the earphone need to be switched, the switching process is a smoothing process which is implemented step by step so as to avoid signal interference caused by sudden parameter switching, such as interference like "snap". Setting a first gain for the updated noise reduction parameters and a second gain for the current noise reduction parameters, wherein the first gain is gradually increased from 0 to 1, the second gain at the corresponding moment is gradually decreased, and the sum of the first gain and the second gain is 1 at any moment.
In some embodiments, the audio signal to be played by the speaker and the audio signal reflected by the ear canal are acquired simultaneously on the hardware. Therefore, the time delay and the phase between the two can not be changed due to different acquisition moments. The improvement on the hardware angle of the earphone can further ensure the accuracy of the noise reduction parameters of the earphone.
A second aspect of the present disclosure proposes an apparatus for determining a noise reduction parameter of a headphone. Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus for determining a noise reduction parameter of a headphone according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 6, a system 600 includes: a speaker 601, a processor 602, a filter component 603, an in-ear microphone 604, and an out-of-ear microphone 605. Wherein the speaker 601 is configured to play low frequency audio signals having frequencies outside the audible range of the human ear; the processor 602 is configured to: determining a current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker 601 to the in-ear microphone 604 and/or parameters of a current audio signal acquired by the in-ear microphone 604; determining a current noise reduction parameter based on the current transfer function and/or the current audio signal with reference to N-group correspondence of a preset transfer function and/or a preset audio signal parameter to a preset noise reduction parameter, N being a positive integer, the noise reduction parameter comprising a filter coefficient of a filter enabled in the filter component 603; and a filter component 603 that utilizes the current noise reduction parameter configuration for noise reduction.
In some embodiments, the N-set correspondence is obtained by pre-measuring under N usage scenarios of the headset, the usage scenarios being defined by any one or a combination of an ear canal structure of a user or an artificial ear, a wearing condition, and a property of a device on the transmission path; the parameters of the audio signal comprise any one or a combination of time domain distribution parameters, frequency domain distribution parameters, energy in the time and/or frequency domain of the audio signal.
In some embodiments, the processor 602 is further configured to: detecting an audio signal acquired by an in-ear microphone by using an audio signal filtered by a filter with a passband range including a low-frequency audio signal to obtain energy, and detecting the low-frequency audio signal played by a loudspeaker to obtain reference energy; the energy of the current audio signal collected from the in-ear microphone in the time domain and/or the frequency domain normalized with respect to the reference energy is determined as a parameter of the current audio signal. In some embodiments, the processor 602 is further configured to: determining whether the earpiece is in the ear based on the current transfer function and/or parameters of the current audio signal; and in the event that the earpiece is determined to be in the ear, determining the current noise reduction parameters and configuring the filter component 603 with the current noise reduction parameters for noise reduction.
In some embodiments, the apparatus 600 further comprises a low frequency filter, the low frequency filter further configured to: with feedback noise reduction enabled, the acoustic signal corresponding to the low frequency audio signal is removed from the acoustic signal collected by the in-ear microphone 604 and fed to the feedback noise reduction path.
In some embodiments, the low frequency filter comprises any one or combination of an echo filter, a high pass filter, and a band stop filter.
In some embodiments, the speaker 601 is further configured to: gradually raising the amplitude of the low-frequency audio signal when the low-frequency audio signal starts to be played; and when the low-frequency audio signal stops playing, gradually reducing the amplitude of the low-frequency audio signal.
In some embodiments, the apparatus 600 further comprises a hardware sampling circuit arranged upstream of said loudspeaker 601 to sample the audio signal to be played, wherein said hardware sampling circuit operates synchronously with said in-ear microphone 604 collecting the signal.
According to the device for determining the noise reduction parameters of the earphones, the dynamic adjustment of the noise reduction parameters of the earphones can be realized by playing the low-frequency audio signals outside the auditory range of human ears for many times, the influence of the earphones on a noise reduction system under different use scenes is reduced, and the listening experience of a user is improved.
A third aspect of the present disclosure proposes a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, perform a method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure. Through the low-frequency audio signal of multiple play people's ear hearing scope outside, can realize falling the dynamic adjustment of noise parameter to the earphone, reduce the earphone and to noise reduction system's influence under the different use scenes, promote user's listening simultaneously and experience.
Moreover, although exemplary embodiments have been described herein, the scope thereof includes any and all embodiments based on the disclosure with equivalent elements, modifications, omissions, combinations (e.g., of various embodiments across), adaptations or alterations. The elements of the claims are to be interpreted broadly based on the language employed in the claims and not limited to examples described in the present specification or during the prosecution of the application, which examples are to be construed as non-exclusive. It is intended, therefore, that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims and their full scope of equivalents.
The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive. For example, the above-described examples (or one or more versions thereof) may be used in combination with each other. For example, other embodiments may be used by those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the above description. In addition, in the foregoing detailed description, various features may be grouped together to streamline the disclosure. This should not be interpreted as an intention that a disclosed feature not claimed is essential to any claim. Rather, inventive subject matter may lie in less than all features of a particular disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description as examples or embodiments, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment, and it is contemplated that these embodiments may be combined with each other in various combinations or permutations. The scope of the invention should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
Claims (20)
1. A method of determining a noise reduction parameter for an earphone, the earphone comprising a speaker, an in-ear microphone, and a filter component, the method comprising:
playing, by the speaker, a low-frequency audio signal having a frequency outside the audible range of the human ear;
determining a current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone and/or parameters of a current audio signal acquired by the in-ear microphone;
determining a current noise reduction parameter based on the current transfer function and/or the current audio signal, with reference to N-group correspondence of a preset transfer function and/or a preset audio signal parameter to a preset noise reduction parameter, N being a positive integer, the noise reduction parameter comprising a filter coefficient of a filter enabled in the filter component; and
configuring the filter component with the current noise reduction parameters for noise reduction.
2. The method for determining the noise reduction parameters of the earphone according to claim 1, wherein the N-group corresponding relationship is obtained by pre-measuring under N usage scenarios of the earphone, the usage scenarios being defined by any one or combination of ear canal structure, wearing condition of a user or artificial ear, and properties of devices on the transmission path;
the parameters of the audio signal comprise any one or a combination of time domain distribution parameters, frequency domain distribution parameters, energy in the time and/or frequency domain of the audio signal.
3. The method of determining the headphone noise reduction parameter according to claim 2, wherein the energy is an energy normalized with respect to a reference energy, the energy being detected from an audio signal acquired by the in-ear microphone by filtering the audio signal with a filter having a pass band range including the low-frequency audio signal; the reference energy is obtained by detecting the low-frequency audio signal played by the loudspeaker.
4. The method of determining headphone noise reduction parameters according to claim 1, further comprising:
determining whether the earpiece is in the ear based on the current transfer function and/or parameters of the current audio signal; and
in the event that the earpiece is determined to be in the ear, current noise reduction parameters are determined, and the filter component is configured with the current noise reduction parameters for noise reduction.
5. Method for determining headphone noise reduction parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that in case of enabling feedback noise reduction, acoustic signals corresponding to the low frequency audio signals are removed from the acoustic signals picked up by the in-ear microphone and fed to the feedback noise reduction path.
6. The method of determining the headphone noise reduction parameters according to claim 5, wherein the acoustic signals corresponding to the low frequency audio signals are filtered out by any one of an echo filter, a high pass filter, a band stop filter, or a combination thereof.
7. The method of determining headphone noise reduction parameters according to claim 1, further comprising: the low-frequency audio signal is played by the loudspeaker for multiple times; updating the current noise reduction parameters based on the current transfer function determined for each playback and/or the parameters of the current audio signal.
8. The method of determining headphone noise reduction parameters according to claim 7, further comprising, after determining the current noise reduction parameters:
playing the low frequency audio signal again by the speaker;
determining an updated current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone and/or parameters of an updated current audio signal acquired by the in-ear microphone;
adjusting the low frequency audio signal to improve its immunity to interference when a difference between the updated current transfer function and/or the updated current audio signal parameter and the current transfer function and/or the current audio signal parameter corresponding to the current noise reduction parameter exceeds a threshold.
9. The method of determining the headphone noise reduction parameters according to claim 1, wherein the amplitude of the low-frequency audio signal is gradually increased when the low-frequency audio signal starts to be played; and when the low-frequency audio signal stops playing, gradually reducing the amplitude of the low-frequency audio signal.
10. The method of determining headphone noise reduction parameters according to claim 7, wherein the step of configuring the filter component with the current noise reduction parameters comprises:
dynamically configuring the filter component with weighted noise reduction parameters of the updated noise reduction parameters and first gain and the current noise reduction parameters and second gain to achieve smooth switching of noise reduction parameters,
wherein, in the switching, the first gain is gradually increased from 0 to 1, the sum of the second gain and the first gain at each time is 1, and the first gain is realized by a step response through a low-pass filter.
11. The method for determining the noise reduction parameters of the earphone according to claim 1, wherein the audio signal to be played by the speaker and the audio signal reflected by the ear canal are simultaneously obtained on hardware.
12. An apparatus for determining noise reduction parameters for a headphone, the apparatus comprising: loudspeaker, in-ear microphone, filter assembly and processor, wherein
The speaker is configured to: playing a low-frequency audio signal, wherein the frequency of the low-frequency audio signal is out of the hearing range of human ears;
the processor is configured to:
determining a current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone and/or parameters of a current audio signal acquired by the in-ear microphone;
determining a current noise reduction parameter based on the current transfer function and/or the current audio signal, with reference to N-group correspondence of a preset transfer function and/or a preset audio signal parameter to a preset noise reduction parameter, N being a positive integer, the noise reduction parameter comprising a filter coefficient of a filter enabled in the filter component; and
the filter component utilizes the current noise reduction parameter configuration to reduce noise.
13. The apparatus for determining noise reduction parameters of an earphone according to claim 12, wherein the N-sets of correspondences are obtained by pre-measurement under N usage scenarios of the earphone, the usage scenarios being defined by any one or combination of ear canal structure, wearing condition of user or artificial ear, and properties of devices on the transmission path;
the parameters of the audio signal comprise any one or a combination of time domain distribution parameters, frequency domain distribution parameters, energy in the time and/or frequency domain of the audio signal.
14. The apparatus for determining headphone noise reduction parameters according to claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to: detecting an audio signal acquired by the in-ear microphone by using an audio signal filtered by a filter with a passband range including the low-frequency audio signal to obtain the energy, and detecting the low-frequency audio signal played by the loudspeaker to obtain reference energy;
determining, as a parameter of the current audio signal, an energy of the current audio signal acquired from the in-ear microphone in a time domain and/or a frequency domain normalized with respect to the reference energy.
15. The apparatus for determining headphone noise reduction parameters according to claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to:
determining whether the earpiece is in the ear based on the current transfer function and/or parameters of the current audio signal; and
in the event that the earpiece is determined to be in the ear, the current noise reduction parameters are determined and the filter component is configured with the current noise reduction parameters for noise reduction.
16. The apparatus for determining headphone noise reduction parameters according to claim 12, wherein the apparatus further comprises a low frequency filter further configured to: and removing the acoustic signal corresponding to the low-frequency audio signal from the acoustic signal collected by the in-ear microphone and fed to the feedback noise reduction path under the condition that the feedback noise reduction is enabled.
17. The apparatus for determining headphone noise reduction parameters according to claim 16, wherein the low frequency filter comprises any one or combination of an echo filter, a high pass filter and a band stop filter.
18. The apparatus for determining headphone noise reduction parameters according to claim 12, wherein the speaker is further configured to: gradually raising the amplitude of the low-frequency audio signal when the low-frequency audio signal starts to be played; and when the low-frequency audio signal stops playing, gradually reducing the amplitude of the low-frequency audio signal.
19. The apparatus for determining headphone noise reduction parameters according to claim 12, further comprising a hardware sampling circuit disposed upstream of the speaker to sample an audio signal to be played, wherein the hardware sampling circuit operates synchronously with the in-ear microphone acquisition signal.
20. A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon instructions that, when executed by a processor, perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 11.
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