CN110992299B - Method and device for detecting browser compatibility - Google Patents

Method and device for detecting browser compatibility Download PDF

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CN110992299B
CN110992299B CN201811142994.5A CN201811142994A CN110992299B CN 110992299 B CN110992299 B CN 110992299B CN 201811142994 A CN201811142994 A CN 201811142994A CN 110992299 B CN110992299 B CN 110992299B
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image
entropy value
sub
test
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CN110992299A (en
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印杰
郭亚峰
杜闯
杨振兴
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Petal Cloud Technology Co Ltd
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Petal Cloud Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/36Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
    • G06F11/3668Software testing
    • G06F11/3672Test management
    • G06F11/3692Test management for test results analysis
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/0002Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/0703Error or fault processing not based on redundancy, i.e. by taking additional measures to deal with the error or fault not making use of redundancy in operation, in hardware, or in data representation
    • G06F11/0751Error or fault detection not based on redundancy
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/36Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
    • G06F11/3668Software testing
    • G06F11/3672Test management
    • G06F11/3688Test management for test execution, e.g. scheduling of test suites
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/20Image enhancement or restoration using local operators
    • G06T5/30Erosion or dilatation, e.g. thinning
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/73Deblurring; Sharpening
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/10Segmentation; Edge detection
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06VIMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V30/00Character recognition; Recognising digital ink; Document-oriented image-based pattern recognition
    • G06V30/40Document-oriented image-based pattern recognition
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2201/00Indexing scheme relating to error detection, to error correction, and to monitoring
    • G06F2201/81Threshold
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06VIMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V30/00Character recognition; Recognising digital ink; Document-oriented image-based pattern recognition
    • G06V30/10Character recognition

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  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
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  • Image Analysis (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to a method for detecting browser compatibility, which comprises the following steps: collecting page images of test pages, wherein the test pages are pages loaded by a tested browser; preprocessing the collected page image; and determining the page entropy value of the preprocessed page image, and determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to the page entropy value. In the browser compatibility test, the problems that the existing image comparison test technology cannot detect that the webpage is not opened and is displayed as blank are solved by adopting an image entropy algorithm, automatically dividing the webpage image into subgraphs and a dynamic threshold technology. And the test accuracy of the small picture which is not normally loaded in the page display is greatly improved. The invention does not need manual intervention, greatly reduces labor cost, is maintenance-free in the later period, and greatly improves the performance of browser compatibility automatic test.

Description

Method and device for detecting browser compatibility
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of browsers, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for detecting browser compatibility.
Background
Along with the progress of technology, the updating speed of products is increased, and the testing period of the products is shortened. In order to increase the efficiency of the test, the demand for automation is increasing. Today, there are many more automated tests that are well-suited in terms of user experience, such as interface automation. In most cases, the automation of the interface is performed automatically by adopting information of foreground elements, but if the interface is not loaded, the execution failure of the automation script can be caused. Logic exists in most scripts currently to determine whether the next element exists, and if so, execution continues. But it is impossible to determine whether an element exists during the browser compatibility test. For example, a certain web page is opened, but what element the web page should have after opening is not known, at this time, whether there is a compatibility problem in the browser cannot be determined by confirming whether the web page is loaded completely or whether the opened web page has content.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for detecting browser compatibility, which solve the problems that a browser cannot detect a scene which is unopened and displayed as blank by using an image entropy algorithm, and improve the accuracy of a test result.
In a first aspect, a method for detecting browser compatibility is provided, the method comprising: collecting page images of test pages, wherein the test pages are pages loaded by a tested browser; preprocessing the collected page image; and determining the page entropy value of the preprocessed page image, and determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to the page entropy value.
The method solves the problems that a browser cannot detect a scene which is unopened and displayed as blank by using an image entropy algorithm, and improves the accuracy of a test result.
In one possible embodiment, collecting a page image of a test page includes: and after the test page is loaded, collecting page images of the test page.
In one possible embodiment, preprocessing the acquired page image includes: gray processing is carried out on the acquired image; carrying out corrosion expansion and sharpening on the image subjected to gray scale treatment; and carrying out binarization treatment on the image after corrosion expansion and sharpening.
In one possible implementation manner, determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to the page entropy value includes: determining whether the page entropy value is greater than a first entropy value threshold; and if the page entropy value is smaller than or equal to the first entropy value threshold value, determining that the tested browser has the compatibility problem.
In one possible implementation, if the test page entropy value is greater than the first entropy value threshold, dividing the page image into at least two sub-images; respectively determining sub-graph page entropy values of at least two sub-graphs; and determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to the entropy value of the sub-graph page.
The method solves the problems that a browser cannot detect a scene that a webpage is not opened and is displayed as a blank by using an image entropy algorithm, and can also identify a small picture which is not normally loaded in the page display of the browser to be tested, so that the accuracy of a test result is improved.
In one possible implementation manner, determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to the entropy value of the sub-graph page comprises the following steps: respectively determining whether the entropy value of the sub-graph page is larger than a second entropy value threshold value; if the entropy value of the sub-graph page is smaller than or equal to the second entropy value threshold value, judging that the sub-graph is a null sub-graph; and determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to at least one of the number of the blank graphs or the sum of the areas of the blank graphs.
The problem that a small picture which is not normally loaded in a webpage and a scene which is displayed as a blank cannot be detected by a browser is solved by applying an image entropy algorithm to the sub-picture, and the accuracy of a test result is improved.
In one possible implementation, determining whether the tested browser has a compatibility problem according to at least one of the number of blank graphs or the sum of the areas of the blank graphs includes: when the number of the space sub-graphs is larger than or equal to a space sub-graph number threshold value or the sum of the space sub-graph areas is larger than or equal to a space sub-graph area threshold value, determining that the tested browser has a compatibility problem; or when the number of the space sub-images is larger than or equal to the space sub-image number threshold value and the sum of the space sub-image areas is larger than or equal to the space sub-image area threshold value, determining that the tested browser has the compatibility problem.
The problem that a small picture which is not normally loaded in a webpage and a scene which is displayed as a blank cannot be detected by a browser is solved by applying an image entropy algorithm to the sub-picture, and the accuracy of a test result is improved.
In one possible embodiment, at least two sub-graphs are sub-graphs containing valid information.
In one possible implementation manner, whether the tested browser has compatibility problems or not is determined according to the page entropy value, and the method further comprises: and if the entropy value of the test page is larger than the first entropy value threshold, adopting an optical character recognition algorithm to confirm whether the tested browser has the compatibility problem.
By adopting the optical character recognition algorithm to confirm the test page, the misjudged webpage can be effectively recognized, the accuracy of the test result is improved, the blank page is prevented from being subjected to subsequent testing, and the test efficiency is improved.
In one possible implementation, using an optical character recognition algorithm to confirm whether the test page has compatibility issues includes: and (3) adopting an optical character recognition algorithm to recognize whether the webpage contains specific characters, and if so, judging that the tested browser has compatibility problems.
By adopting the optical character recognition algorithm to confirm the test page, the misjudged webpage can be effectively recognized, the accuracy of the test result is improved, the blank page is prevented from being subjected to subsequent testing, and the test efficiency is improved.
In one possible embodiment, the method further comprises: and outputting prompt information, wherein the prompt information is used for prompting that the tested browser has a compatibility problem or the tested browser does not have the compatibility problem.
In a second aspect, an apparatus for detecting browser compatibility is provided, including: a display; one or more processors; a memory; and one or more computer programs, wherein the one or more computer programs are stored in the memory, the one or more computer programs comprising instructions, which when executed by the apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the steps of: collecting page images of test pages, wherein the test pages are pages loaded by a tested browser; preprocessing the collected page image; and determining the page entropy value of the preprocessed page image, and determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to the page entropy value.
The method solves the problems that a browser cannot detect a scene which is unopened and displayed as blank by using an image entropy algorithm, and improves the accuracy of a test result.
In one possible embodiment, the apparatus further performs the steps of: determining whether the test page is loaded; and after the test page is loaded, collecting page images of the test page.
In one possible embodiment, the apparatus further performs the steps of: gray processing is carried out on the acquired image; carrying out corrosion expansion and sharpening on the image subjected to gray scale treatment; and carrying out binarization treatment on the image after corrosion expansion and sharpening.
In one possible embodiment, the apparatus further performs the steps of: determining whether the page entropy value is greater than a first entropy value threshold; and if the entropy value of the test page is smaller than or equal to the first entropy value threshold value, determining that the tested browser has the compatibility problem.
In one possible embodiment, the apparatus further performs the steps of: if the test page entropy value is larger than the first entropy value threshold, dividing the page image into at least two subgraphs; respectively determining sub-graph page entropy values of at least two sub-graphs; and determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to the entropy value of the sub-graph page.
The method solves the problems that a browser cannot detect a scene that a webpage is not opened and is displayed as a blank by using an image entropy algorithm, and can also identify a small picture which is not normally loaded in the page display of the browser to be tested, so that the accuracy of a test result is improved.
In one possible implementation manner, determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to the entropy value of the sub-graph page comprises the following steps: respectively determining whether the entropy value of the sub-graph page is larger than a second entropy value threshold value; if the entropy value of the sub-graph page is smaller than or equal to the second entropy value threshold value, judging that the sub-graph is a null sub-graph; and determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to at least one of the number of the blank graphs or the sum of the areas of the blank graphs.
The problem that a small picture which is not normally loaded in a webpage and a scene which is displayed as a blank cannot be detected by a browser is solved by applying an image entropy algorithm to the sub-picture, and the accuracy of a test result is improved.
In one possible implementation, determining whether the tested browser has a compatibility problem according to at least one of the number of blank graphs or the sum of the areas of the blank graphs includes: when the number of the space sub-graphs is larger than or equal to a space sub-graph number threshold value or the sum of the space sub-graph areas is larger than or equal to a space sub-graph area threshold value, determining that the tested browser has a compatibility problem; or when the number of the space sub-images is larger than or equal to the space sub-image number threshold value and the sum of the space sub-image areas is larger than or equal to the space sub-image area threshold value, determining that the tested browser has the compatibility problem.
The problem that a small picture which is not normally loaded in a webpage and a scene which is displayed as a blank cannot be detected by a browser is solved by applying an image entropy algorithm to the sub-picture, and the accuracy of a test result is improved.
In one possible embodiment, at least two sub-graphs are sub-graphs containing valid information.
In one possible embodiment, the apparatus further performs the steps of: and if the entropy value of the test page is larger than the first entropy value threshold, the confirming module is used for confirming whether the compatibility problem exists in the tested browser by adopting an optical character recognition algorithm.
By adopting the optical character recognition algorithm to confirm the test page, the misjudged webpage can be effectively recognized, the accuracy of the test result is improved, the blank page is prevented from being subjected to subsequent testing, and the test efficiency is improved.
In one possible implementation, using an optical character recognition algorithm to confirm whether the test page has compatibility issues includes: and (3) adopting an optical character recognition algorithm to recognize whether the webpage contains specific characters, and if so, judging that the tested browser has compatibility problems.
By adopting the optical character recognition algorithm to confirm the test page, the misjudged webpage can be effectively recognized, the accuracy of the test result is improved, the blank page is prevented from being subjected to subsequent testing, and the test efficiency is improved.
In one possible implementation, the display is configured to display a prompt message, where the prompt message is configured to prompt that the tested browser has a compatibility problem or that the tested browser does not have a compatibility problem.
In a third aspect, an apparatus is provided that includes a processor, a memory, and a display; the memory is used for storing programs; the processor is configured to execute a program stored in the memory to control the apparatus to perform the method of the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect; the display is used for displaying the result executed by the processor.
In a fourth aspect, a computer readable storage medium storing a program is provided, characterized in that the program comprises instructions that, when executed by a terminal, cause the terminal to perform the method of the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, there is provided a computer program product containing instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the first aspect.
The invention discloses a method and a device for detecting browser compatibility, which solve the problem that the existing image comparison test technology cannot detect that a webpage is not opened and is displayed as blank by adopting an image entropy algorithm, automatically dividing a webpage image into subgraphs and a dynamic threshold technology in browser compatibility test. Meanwhile, the test accuracy of the small picture which is not normally loaded in the page display is greatly improved. In addition, the recognition rate of the web page can be improved by adopting an optical character recognition technology. The scheme does not need manual intervention, so that the labor cost is greatly reduced, and the later maintenance is free. And the performance of browser compatibility automatic test is greatly improved, compared with the image comparison technical performance, the performance is improved by 2 times, and the rapid test of hundred thousand-level massive websites can be supported.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a web page in a compatibility test;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another web page in a compatibility test;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of yet another web page in a compatibility test;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for detecting browser compatibility according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of another method for detecting browser compatibility according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of another method for detecting browser compatibility according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for detecting browser compatibility according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8a is a diagram illustrating a web page test effect according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8b is a diagram illustrating a web page test effect according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8c is a diagram illustrating a web page test effect according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8d is a diagram illustrating a web page test effect according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a test case according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1,2 and 3 are schematic diagrams of web pages in a compatibility test.
In the compatibility test of web pages, there are a number of different web page problems related to web pages. As shown in FIG. 1, the web page cannot be loaded, which is because the web page loading time is long, so that the web page cannot be opened in time due to slow loading. In fig. 1, the web page is shown being loaded all the time for network reasons. In another case, the web page is not opened or only a part of the test content is loaded after the loading is completed, as shown in fig. 2, the web page only displays a few lines of characters after the loading. In another case, the web page or the website is loaded asynchronously, and when the pictures are more, the frame of the whole web page or the website is often loaded first, and then the displayed picture information is slowly loaded later, as shown in fig. 3.
In some cases, the test is explicitly waited in the automatic test process, for example, when the webpage is opened, the test is directly paused for 10 seconds later, and the webpage loading is completed. For example, a web page may take 15 seconds to load completely, then the program will not be able to obtain the complete information of the web page. This technique is also inefficient for opening very fast web pages, e.g. only 3 seconds is required for a web page to be loaded, and then a latency of 7 seconds is present for this technique. In addition, the method has the problem that dynamic waiting cannot be performed, so that some webpages cannot be completely opened, and whether the browser has compatibility problem cannot be determined.
In other cases, whether the web page is loaded is determined by js script. For example, this is accomplished primarily by means of DocumentCompleted events, webbrowser.readystate, and webbrowser.isbusy. However, when judging through js script, events that need to depend on the browser are strongly related to the browser, and the implementation of different browser codes may be different. And at asynchronous loading, js script determination may be inaccurate. For example, the network speed is slow, so that the asynchronous data acquisition cannot be completed immediately, and although the event is completed at this time, the data of the server side is not returned yet, so that the page is displayed or blank. At this time, it is still impossible to determine whether the browser has compatibility problems.
The above problems significantly prevent the compatibility of the browser from being automatically judged. The embodiment of the invention provides a method for detecting browser compatibility.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for detecting browser compatibility, which is more efficient and can automatically test browser compatibility under a large number of websites, by combining an image segmentation technology and an image entropy algorithm after analyzing the interface structures of the large number of websites. Firstly, collecting page images of a test page, then carrying out a series of preprocessing on the collected page images, determining entropy values of the preprocessed page images, and comparing the page entropy values with a preset first entropy value threshold value so as to determine whether the test page has compatibility problems. The embodiment of the invention also provides another method for detecting browser compatibility, which can divide the test page into a plurality of sub-images, then perform a series of preprocessing on the plurality of sub-images, determine the entropy value of the sub-image page of the plurality of processed sub-images, and compare the entropy value of the sub-image page with a preset second entropy value threshold value so as to determine whether the test page has compatibility problem. In one possible scenario, the page may also be identified with specific characters by an optical character recognition algorithm (optical character recognition, OCR) to determine if compatibility issues exist with the test page.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for detecting browser compatibility according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting browser compatibility, including: in step 4100, a page image of a test page is acquired, where the test page is a page loaded by the tested browser.
In one embodiment, collecting a page image of a test page includes: it is determined whether the test page is loaded. And after the test page is loaded, collecting page images of the test page. In one example, an automated script is used to collect test pages, and before the automated script collects test pages, it is necessary to determine whether the web pages are completely loaded, so as to avoid collecting some test pages with incomplete images.
Step 4200, preprocessing the acquired page image.
In one embodiment, preprocessing the acquired page image includes: gray processing is carried out on the acquired image; carrying out corrosion expansion and sharpening on the image subjected to gray scale treatment; and carrying out binarization treatment on the image after corrosion expansion and sharpening. By preprocessing the page image, the detectability of the effective information of the image can be enhanced and the data can be simplified to the maximum extent.
In one embodiment, the acquired image is subjected to gray scale processing, reducing the amount of data for image processing. The three components of red R, green G, blue B of the grayed-out image can be set to be the same. In one example, three components of a pixel R, G, B of an image may be processed by the following formula.
R=0.3+ before treatment r×0.59+ before treatment b×0.11 after graying
G=0.3+ before treatment r×0.59+ before treatment b×0.11 after graying
B=0.3+ before treatment r×0.59+ before treatment b×0.11 after graying
And then carrying out corrosion expansion and sharpening on the image subjected to gray scale treatment, removing relatively bright noise points, simultaneously communicating areas with similar colors or intensities, and eliminating isolated points in the image. And performing binarization processing on the corroded, expanded and sharpened image, and setting the gray value of the pixel point on the image to 0 or 255, so that the whole image presents an obvious black-white effect, and the data volume of the image processed later is reduced.
Step 4300, determining a page entropy value of the preprocessed page image, and determining whether the tested browser has a compatibility problem according to the page entropy value.
In one embodiment, the page entropy value may be calculated by the following formula:
Where p i is the duty cycle at which a certain gray appears in the image. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the above scheme is illustrated by taking a calculation formula of a one-dimensional entropy algorithm as an example, which is merely exemplary, and an actual entropy algorithm may also have one-dimensional entropy, two-dimensional entropy, and the like, which are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.
In one embodiment, the page entropy value E is obtained by the calculation of the entropy algorithm, and it is determined whether the page entropy value E is greater than a preset first entropy value threshold E0. Wherein the first entropy threshold E0 is the entropy of a typical empty image. If the page entropy value E is smaller than or equal to the first entropy value threshold value E0, the page image is an empty image, namely the test page is empty, and the webpage is unopened or displayed as blank, so that the compatibility problem of the tested browser when the test page is opened is determined.
It should be noted that, the above-mentioned first entropy threshold may be a pre-selected value according to actual requirements, and the user may select a page as a standard blank page, then calculate the entropy of the page, and compare the entropy with other test pages using the entropy as the entropy of a typical blank image.
In one embodiment, the detection result can be carried in a webpage format, so that the detection result is convenient to review and verify.
Embodiments of the present invention describe the average information content of an image by using image entropy. The tested web page typically contains text, pictures, background, etc., and the page is displayed as blank when the web page is not opened. The entropy value of the page image calculated using the image entropy algorithm in such a scene will be relatively small, approaching 0, i.e. the average information amount of the page image is small. Therefore, the test web page is judged to be displayed as an empty web page, the abnormal opening of the web page of the tested browser is judged, and the compatibility bug exists and needs to be repaired.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of another method for detecting browser compatibility according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the method provided in fig. 4, if the page entropy E is greater than the first entropy threshold E0, it may be determined that the page image is not empty, and the rough task webpage may be successfully loaded, and meanwhile, the tested browser does not have a compatibility problem. However, there are some web pages that are mostly loaded successfully, but some are not loaded or shown as empty, so FIG. 5 provides another method of detecting browser compatibility.
Further included after step 4200 is: step 4301, determining a page entropy value of the preprocessed page image.
Step 4302, judging whether the page entropy is greater than a first entropy threshold, if not, entering step 4303; otherwise, step 4304 is entered. In step 4303, it is determined that the tested browser has compatibility problems.
Step 4304, the page image is partitioned into at least two subgraphs.
In one embodiment, the page image is divided, and a plurality of sub-images containing effective information and having different sizes are automatically divided. It should be noted by those skilled in the art that the sub-images may be the same or different in size, while the shapes may be the same or different. In one example, edge segmentation may be used to detect edges of the page image, identify points in the image where the brightness change is significant, and reject irrelevant information while preserving important structural attributes of the image. It should be noted that, in the implementation of the above page image segmentation, the image may be segmented by using an image segmentation algorithm such as threshold segmentation, region segmentation, edge segmentation, histogram, etc., which is not limited herein.
Step 4305, determining sub-graph page entropy values for the at least two sub-graphs, respectively.
Step 4306, judging whether the entropy of the sub-graph page is greater than a second entropy threshold, if the entropy of the sub-graph page is not greater than the second entropy threshold, entering step 4307; otherwise, step 4308 is entered directly.
In one embodiment, the entropy values e of the plurality of sub-pages are calculated by the entropy algorithm described in FIG. 4. Wherein the sub-graph page entropy values include e1, e2, e3, etc. It is then determined whether the page entropy value e is greater than a second entropy value threshold e0. Wherein the second entropy threshold e0 is the entropy of a typical empty image. It should be noted by those skilled in the art that the second entropy threshold is not fixed, since the partitioned sub-graphs may be different in size and shape, and that a different second entropy threshold is applied for different sub-graphs, i.e. the second entropy threshold is a dynamic threshold of the dynamic transformation. The second entropy threshold may be preset, or may be calculated in real time according to the shape and size of different subgraphs. For example, if the divided sub-graphs have the same size and shape, the second entropy threshold may be preset; if the sub-graph size and shape are different, if the sub-graph size and shape are preset, the second entropy threshold corresponding to different sub-graphs can be preset, and if the sub-graph size and shape are random, the second entropy threshold can be calculated in real time. If the entropy value e of the sub-image page is smaller than or equal to the second entropy value threshold e0, the page image of the sub-image is an empty image, which means that the sub-image page is empty. Otherwise, the sub-graph is considered to be non-empty.
Step 4307 accumulates the number of null sub-graphs and/or the area of the null sub-graphs. In one embodiment, the initial value of the number of null patterns and the area may be 0.
Step 4308, determining whether all sub-graphs are compared to completion, if so, proceeding to step 4309, otherwise proceeding to step 4306, continuing to compare the remaining sub-graphs.
In one embodiment, if all sub-graphs have not been detected, then the next sub-graph is detected.
Step 4309, if the number of blank drawings and/or the blank drawing accumulation sum is equal to or greater than the blank drawing number threshold and/or the blank drawing area threshold, step 4311 is entered if yes, otherwise step 4310 is entered. The blank map number threshold and the blank map area threshold may be preset.
In step 4310, the tested browser has no compatibility problem.
In step 4311, the tested browser has compatibility issues.
In one embodiment, whether the test page is complete or not and whether the tested browser has compatibility problems can be determined according to the number and/or the area of the blank subgraphs.
In one example, it may be determined whether the tested browser has compatibility issues based on at least one of the number of blank graphs or the sum of the areas of the blank graphs. It may be determined whether the tested browser has a compatibility problem according to one of the number or the area of the space-time diagram. For example, when the number of the space sub-images is greater than or equal to a preset space sub-image number threshold value, or when the sum of the space sub-image areas is greater than or equal to a preset space sub-image area threshold value, it is determined that the tested browser has a compatibility problem. And whether the tested browser has compatibility problem can be determined according to the number and the area of the space subgraphs. For example, when the number of the space sub-images is greater than or equal to the space sub-image number threshold and the sum of the space sub-image areas is greater than or equal to the space sub-image area threshold, it is determined that the tested browser has a compatibility problem. For example, the number of blank graphs can be set to be 8, and the area threshold of the blank graphs is 70%, so that when the number of the blank graphs reaches 8 or when the area of the blank graphs reaches 70% of the whole test page area, the compatibility problem of the tested browser can be determined; or when the number of the blank graphs reaches 8 and the area of the blank graphs reaches 70% of the whole test page area, the compatibility problem of the tested browser can be determined.
In one embodiment, the detection result can be carried in a webpage format, so that the detection result is convenient to review and verify.
A more specific example will be set forth below to aid in understanding aspects of embodiments of the invention. In one example, an automated script may be written in python language based on uiautomatic 2 library to obtain page images of the open web site of the browser under test based on the information of the TOP N web site. The obtained picture is subjected to grey level, then open-close operation, image sharpening and binarization. The open/close operation is understood to be the etching expansion of the image. And detecting whether the web page is blank or not by using an image entropy algorithm, judging whether the web page is normally opened or not, recording the web site information if the web page is not normally opened, and carrying out the test of the next web site. If the webpage is normally opened, image segmentation can be performed to extract each sub-image. And then extracting pixel information corresponding to a plurality of subgraphs in the tested browser, calculating entropy values of the subgraphs by using an image entropy algorithm, and comparing the entropy values with entropy values of typical air subgraphs. It should be noted by those skilled in the art that the entropy of a typical spatial sub-graph herein may be fixed or may be dynamically variable. If the entropy value of the subgraph is larger than that of a typical empty subgraph, judging that the subgraph is not empty, and testing the next subgraph; otherwise, the decision subpicture is a null picture, the number of the null subpictures is increased by one, and the areas of the null subpictures are accumulated. And judging whether all the subgraphs are compared and completed, if not, testing the next subgraph, and if so, judging whether the webpage is complete according to the number and/or the area of empty subgraphs. If the webpage is complete, recording a result, and testing the next website; if the webpage is incomplete, judging that the browser has compatibility problems, recording a test result, and testing the next website. And finally, summarizing the test results into a webpage, and outputting the test results.
The mass test results show that the identification accuracy rate can reach about 95% in the test process of the current Top N website, and the average test time of 1 website is about 30s.
It should be noted that the above test page is not limited to one, and the accuracy of the test result can be improved by testing a plurality of web pages. According to the test results of the webpages, whether the tested browser really has the compatibility problem can be obtained through comprehensive analysis.
In the browser compatibility test, the invention automatically segments the webpage image into subgraphs without manual intervention, thereby greatly reducing the labor cost and avoiding maintenance in the later period. Meanwhile, the problem that the existing image comparison test technology cannot detect that the webpage is not opened and is displayed as blank is solved. Moreover, the test accuracy of the small picture which is not normally loaded in the page display is greatly improved. In addition, the performance of browser compatibility automatic test is greatly improved, and compared with the prior art, the performance is improved by 2 times.
Compared with the existing browser compatibility testing technology, the invention can realize the automatic testing of browser compatibility. The text and picture information in the test page is the main content focused by the user and belongs to effective information. And dividing the image obtained by the tested browser by adopting an image dividing algorithm, dividing sub-images which contain effective information and have different sizes, respectively applying an entropy algorithm to the whole image and the sub-images to compare the entropy of the whole image and each sub-image with the entropy of different typical empty sub-images, and judging whether the browser has a compatibility bug. The test accuracy of the small picture which is not normally loaded in the page display is greatly improved, manual intervention is not needed in the whole test process, the labor cost is greatly reduced, and the later maintenance is free.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of another method for detecting browser compatibility according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Based on step 4302 of FIG. 5, a second determination may also be made of the overall test page by an OCR algorithm. And if the entropy value of the test page is larger than the first entropy value threshold, confirming whether the tested browser has the compatibility problem by adopting an OCR algorithm. As shown in fig. 6, in step 4400, an OCR algorithm is used to identify whether the web page contains a specific character, if so, step 4600 is entered, otherwise, step 4500 is entered.
In one embodiment, the particular character may be "404", "inaccessible", or the like.
Step 4500, determining that compatibility problem exists in the tested browser.
In step 4600, it is determined that the tested browser has no compatibility problem.
In one embodiment, the detection result can be carried in a webpage format, so that the detection result is convenient to review and verify.
It should be noted by those skilled in the art that after step 4600, step 4304 of FIG. 5 may also be continued to continue with the detailed sub-graph detection.
A more specific example will be set forth below to aid in understanding aspects of embodiments of the invention. In one example, an automated script may be written in python language based on uiautomatic 2 library to capture page images of the open web site of the browser under test based on the information of the TOP N web site. The obtained picture is subjected to grey level, then open-close operation, image sharpening and binarization. The open/close operation is understood to be the etching expansion of the image. Detecting whether a web page is blank or not by using an image entropy algorithm, judging whether the web page is normally opened or not, recording web site information if the web page is not normally opened, and carrying out a test of the next web site; if the webpage is opened normally, the OCR algorithm is adopted to conduct second judgment and confirmation. Identifying whether the webpage contains specific characters such as '404', 'inaccessible', and the like through an OCR algorithm, judging that the webpage is empty if the webpage contains the specific characters, and recording website information; and if not, confirming as a non-empty webpage. At this time, the binarized image can be subjected to image segmentation to extract each sub-image. And extracting pixel information corresponding to a plurality of subgraphs in the tested browser, calculating the entropy value e1 of the subgraphs by using an image entropy algorithm, and comparing the entropy value e1 with the entropy value e0 of a typical empty subgraph. In another example, e0 may be dynamically changed, for example, a corresponding dynamic threshold e0 is obtained according to the shape, area, etc. characteristics of different subgraphs, and e1 is compared with e 0. If the entropy value e1 of the subgraph is larger than the corresponding e0, judging that the subgraph is not empty, and testing the next subgraph; otherwise, the decision subpicture is a null picture, the number of the null subpictures is increased by one, and the areas of the null subpictures are accumulated. And judging whether all the subgraphs are compared and completed, if not, testing the next subgraph, and if so, judging whether the webpage is complete according to the number and/or the area of empty subgraphs. If the webpage is complete, the result is recorded, and the test of the next website is carried out. If the webpage is incomplete, judging that the browser has compatibility problems, recording a test result, and testing the next website. And finally, summarizing the test results into a webpage, and outputting the test results.
The mass test results show that the identification accuracy rate in the test process can reach about 98%, and the average test time for 1 website is about 35 seconds.
It should be noted that the above test page is not limited to one, and the accuracy of the test result can be improved by testing a plurality of web pages. According to the test results of the webpages, whether the tested browser really has the compatibility problem can be obtained through comprehensive analysis.
In the browser compatibility test, the invention also adopts OCR technology to carry out secondary confirmation on the suspected blank webpage, and identifies whether the webpage contains characters such as 404, inaccessible and the like. If the specific character is detected to be contained, the web page can be judged to be blank, which means that the tested browser has compatibility problem. The recognition rate of the empty webpage is improved.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for detecting browser compatibility according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 7, an apparatus for detecting browser compatibility includes: a display 710; one or more processors 700; a memory 720; and one or more computer programs, wherein the one or more computer programs are stored in the memory, the one or more computer programs comprising instructions that, when executed by the apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the steps shown in fig. 4,5, and 6.
Wherein the processor comprises: the image acquisition module 701 is configured to acquire a page image of a test page, where the test page is a page loaded by the tested browser. The image processing module 702 is configured to pre-process the acquired page image. The entropy algorithm module 703 is configured to determine a page entropy value of the preprocessed page image, and determine whether the tested browser has a compatibility problem according to the page entropy value.
In one possible embodiment, the image acquisition module 701 is configured to: it is determined whether the test page is loaded. And after the test page is loaded, collecting page images of the test page.
In one possible embodiment, the image processing module 702 is configured to: gray processing is carried out on the acquired image; carrying out corrosion expansion and sharpening on the image subjected to gray scale treatment; and carrying out binarization treatment on the image after corrosion expansion and sharpening.
In one possible embodiment, the entropy algorithm module 703 is configured to: it is determined whether the page entropy value is greater than a first entropy value threshold. And if the entropy value of the test page is smaller than or equal to the first entropy value threshold value, determining that the tested browser has the compatibility problem.
In one possible embodiment, the processor further comprises: the image segmentation module 704 segments the page image into at least two subgraphs if the test page entropy is greater than the first entropy threshold. The entropy algorithm module 703 is further configured to determine sub-graph page entropy values of at least two sub-graphs, respectively. And determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to the entropy value of the sub-graph page.
In one possible embodiment, determining whether the tested browser has a compatibility problem according to the entropy value of the sub-graph page includes: respectively determining whether the entropy value of the sub-graph page is larger than a second entropy value threshold value; if the entropy value of the sub-graph page is smaller than or equal to the second entropy value threshold value, judging that the sub-graph is a null sub-graph; and determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to at least one of the number of the blank graphs or the sum of the areas of the blank graphs.
In one possible embodiment, determining whether the tested browser has a compatibility problem according to at least one of the number of blank graphs or the sum of the areas of the blank graphs includes: when the number of the space sub-graphs is larger than or equal to a space sub-graph number threshold value or the sum of the space sub-graph areas is larger than or equal to a space sub-graph area threshold value, determining that the tested browser has a compatibility problem; or when the number of the space sub-images is larger than or equal to the space sub-image number threshold value and the sum of the space sub-image areas is larger than or equal to the space sub-image area threshold value, determining that the tested browser has the compatibility problem.
In one possible embodiment, at least two sub-graphs are sub-graphs containing valid information.
In one possible embodiment, the processor further comprises: the validation module 705. If the entropy value of the test page is greater than the first entropy value threshold, the confirming module 705 is configured to confirm whether the tested browser has a compatibility problem by using an optical character recognition algorithm.
In one possible embodiment, using an optical character recognition algorithm to confirm whether the test page has compatibility issues includes: and (3) adopting an optical character recognition algorithm to recognize whether the webpage contains specific characters, and if so, judging that the tested browser has compatibility problems.
In one possible embodiment, the processor further comprises: the result output module 706 is configured to output a prompt message, where the prompt message is used to prompt that the tested browser has a compatibility problem or that the tested browser does not have a compatibility problem.
In one possible embodiment, a display is used to display the reminder information.
It should also be noted by those skilled in the art that the present invention can be applied not only to the field of test tools, but also to products for judging whether a picture is empty or defective: for example, by calculating the entropy value of the picture, comparing the entropy value with a preset entropy value threshold value, and judging whether the picture is empty or not. The entropy values of different subgraphs can be calculated by dividing the picture, and the entropy values of different subgraphs are compared with the corresponding entropy value threshold values of the subgraphs, so that whether the picture is incomplete or not can be judged.
FIG. 8a is a diagram illustrating a web page test effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 8a, the test page is successfully loaded on the left side, and all contents in the page are successfully loaded, and the test personnel is prompted that the current webpage is successfully loaded by the form of the webpage on the right side. For example, the right side of fig. 8a shows the word "match successful" for prompting the tester about the current web page test result. It should be noted that the prompting information can be various conceivable changing or alternative prompting modes such as text, sound, image, vibration and the like, and the prompting information is covered in the protection scope of the invention.
FIG. 8b is a diagram illustrating a web page test effect according to another embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 8b, the left side is the test page that was not loaded successfully, and the right side prompts the tester that the current web page was not loaded successfully, in the form of a web page. For example, the right side of fig. 8b displays the text "web page is empty" for prompting the tester of the current web page test result. It should be noted that the prompting information can be various conceivable changing or alternative prompting modes such as text, sound, image, vibration and the like, and the prompting information is covered in the protection scope of the invention.
FIG. 8c is a diagram illustrating a web page test effect according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 8c, the test page is not completely loaded on the left side, and the middle of FIG. 8c also prompts the tester that the area of the current test page is not successfully loaded, as shown by the blank box in the middle web page of FIG. 8 c. The unsuccessfully loaded area in the webpage is circled by a black frame, so that the identification is convenient. The right side of fig. 8c also prompts the testers that the current webpage is not completely loaded successfully through the form of the webpage. For example, the right side of fig. 8c shows the text "render exception" for prompting the tester about the current web page test result. It should be noted that the prompting information can be various conceivable changing or alternative prompting modes such as text, sound, image, vibration and the like, and the prompting information is covered in the protection scope of the invention.
Fig. 8d is a diagram illustrating a web page test effect according to another embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 8d, the left side is the test page that was successfully loaded, but the loaded web page contains specific characters. Meanwhile, the right side can prompt the testers that the current webpage is not loaded successfully through the webpage form. For example, the left web page of FIG. 8d contains the specific character "404", and although the web page is loaded successfully, it is still detected as a blank web page. The right side of fig. 8d displays the text "web page is empty" for prompting the tester of the current web page test result. It should be noted that the prompting information can be various conceivable changing or alternative prompting modes such as text, sound, image, vibration and the like, and the prompting information is covered in the protection scope of the invention.
Meanwhile, the embodiment of the invention also provides an infringement evidence obtaining method. Decompilation method evidence collection: infringement may be determined if the following similar code is present in the decompilation competitor's algorithm.
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The embodiment of the application also provides another infringement evidence obtaining method. Test object evidence obtaining method: the existing browser compatibility testing technology in the current market relates to image comparison of a browser to be tested and a reference browser, two browsers need to be opened respectively, and the embodiment of the application only needs to use the browser to be tested and does not relate to other browsers; if the competing products only use the browser to be tested for compatibility test, the technology of the embodiment of the application is adopted with high probability.
The embodiment of the application also provides a method for infringing evidence collection. Test case evidence obtaining method: the following picture is tested to judge, if the following picture competition product is judged to be an empty picture, the technology of the embodiment of the application is adopted with high probability, and the image information is shown in fig. 9.
Those of ordinary skill would further appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in electronic hardware, in computer software, or in a combination of the two, and that the elements and steps of the examples have been generally described in terms of function in the foregoing description to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in implementing the methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by a program to instruct a processor, where the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, where the storage medium is a non-transitory (english) medium, such as a random access memory, a read-only memory, a flash memory, a hard disk, a solid state disk, a magnetic tape (english: MAGNETIC TAPE), a floppy disk (english: floppy disk), an optical disk (english: optical disk), and any combination thereof.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (19)

1. A method of detecting browser compatibility, the method comprising:
Collecting page images of test pages, wherein the test pages are pages loaded by a tested browser; the collecting the page image of the test page comprises the following steps: after the test page is loaded, acquiring a page image of the test page;
Preprocessing the collected page image;
Determining a page entropy value of the preprocessed page image, and determining whether the tested browser has a compatibility problem according to the page entropy value, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining whether the page entropy value is larger than a first entropy value threshold, wherein the first entropy value threshold is the entropy value when the page image is an empty image; and if the page entropy value is smaller than or equal to a first entropy value threshold, determining that the tested browser has a compatibility problem.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein preprocessing the acquired page image comprises:
gray processing is carried out on the acquired image;
carrying out corrosion expansion and sharpening on the image subjected to gray scale treatment;
and carrying out binarization treatment on the image after corrosion expansion and sharpening.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein if the test page entropy value is greater than a first entropy value threshold, dividing the page image into at least two subgraphs;
respectively determining sub-graph page entropy values of the at least two sub-graphs;
and determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to the entropy value of the sub-image page.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein said determining whether the tested browser has a compatibility problem based on the sub-picture page entropy value comprises:
Respectively determining whether the entropy value of the sub-image page is larger than a second entropy value threshold, wherein the second entropy value threshold is the entropy value when the sub-image page is an empty image;
If the entropy value of the sub-graph page is smaller than or equal to a second entropy value threshold, judging that the sub-graph is a blank graph;
And determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to at least one of the number of the blank graphs or the sum of the areas of the blank graphs.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein determining whether the tested browser has a compatibility problem based on at least one of a number of space sub-graphs or a sum of areas of the space sub-graphs comprises:
when the number of the space sub-graphs is greater than or equal to a space sub-graph number threshold or the sum of the space sub-graph areas is greater than or equal to a space sub-graph area threshold, determining that the tested browser has a compatibility problem; or (b)
And when the number of the space subgraphs is greater than or equal to a space subgraph number threshold value and the sum of the space subgraph areas is greater than or equal to a space subgraph area threshold value, determining that the tested browser has a compatibility problem.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the at least two subgraphs are subgraphs that contain valid information.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining whether the tested browser has a compatibility problem based on the page entropy value, the method further comprising:
And if the entropy value of the test page is larger than a first entropy value threshold, adopting an optical character recognition algorithm to confirm whether the tested browser has the compatibility problem.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein said employing an optical character recognition algorithm to confirm whether compatibility issues exist with the test page comprises:
and adopting an optical character recognition algorithm to recognize whether the webpage contains specific characters, and if so, judging that the tested browser has compatibility problems.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: and outputting prompt information, wherein the prompt information is used for prompting that the tested browser has a compatibility problem or the tested browser does not have the compatibility problem.
10. An apparatus for detecting browser compatibility, comprising:
A display;
one or more processors;
A memory;
And one or more computer programs, wherein the one or more computer programs are stored in the memory, the one or more computer programs comprising instructions, which when executed by the apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the steps of:
Collecting page images of test pages, wherein the test pages are pages loaded by a tested browser; the collecting the page image of the test page comprises the following steps: determining whether the test page is loaded; after the test page is loaded, acquiring a page image of the test page;
Preprocessing the collected page image;
Determining a page entropy value of the preprocessed page image, and determining whether the tested browser has a compatibility problem according to the page entropy value, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining whether the page entropy value is larger than a first entropy value threshold, wherein the first entropy value threshold is the entropy value of the empty image; and if the entropy value of the test page is smaller than or equal to a first entropy value threshold, determining that the tested browser has a compatibility problem.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the apparatus further performs the steps of:
gray processing is carried out on the acquired image;
carrying out corrosion expansion and sharpening on the image subjected to gray scale treatment;
and carrying out binarization treatment on the image after corrosion expansion and sharpening.
12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the apparatus further performs the steps of:
If the entropy value of the test page is larger than a first entropy value threshold, dividing the page image into at least two subgraphs;
respectively determining sub-graph page entropy values of the at least two sub-graphs;
and determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to the entropy value of the sub-image page.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the determining whether the tested browser has a compatibility problem based on the sub-picture page entropy value comprises:
Respectively determining whether the entropy value of the sub-image page is larger than a second entropy value threshold, wherein the second entropy value threshold is the entropy value when the sub-image page is an empty image;
If the entropy value of the sub-graph page is smaller than or equal to a second entropy value threshold, judging that the sub-graph is a blank graph;
And determining whether the tested browser has compatibility problems according to at least one of the number of the blank graphs or the sum of the areas of the blank graphs.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the determining whether the tested browser has a compatibility problem based on at least one of a number of space sub-graphs or a sum of areas of space sub-graphs comprises:
when the number of the space sub-graphs is greater than or equal to a space sub-graph number threshold or the sum of the space sub-graph areas is greater than or equal to a space sub-graph area threshold, determining that the tested browser has a compatibility problem; or (b)
And when the number of the space subgraphs is greater than or equal to a space subgraph number threshold value and the sum of the space subgraph areas is greater than or equal to a space subgraph area threshold value, determining that the tested browser has a compatibility problem.
15. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the at least two subgraphs are subgraphs that contain valid information.
16. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the apparatus further performs the steps of:
And if the entropy value of the test page is larger than a first entropy value threshold, a confirmation module is used for confirming whether the tested browser has the compatibility problem by adopting an optical character recognition algorithm.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said employing an optical character recognition algorithm to confirm whether compatibility issues exist with the test page comprises:
and adopting an optical character recognition algorithm to recognize whether the webpage contains specific characters, and if so, judging that the tested browser has compatibility problems.
18. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the display is to display a hint information that is to hint that the tested browser has compatibility issues or that the tested browser does not have compatibility issues.
19. A computer readable storage medium storing a program, characterized in that the program comprises instructions which, when executed by a terminal, cause the terminal to perform the method according to any of claims 1-9.
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