CN110988383A - Method and system for realizing detection of working state of ball mill through non-contact velocity measurement - Google Patents
Method and system for realizing detection of working state of ball mill through non-contact velocity measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN110988383A CN110988383A CN201911328037.6A CN201911328037A CN110988383A CN 110988383 A CN110988383 A CN 110988383A CN 201911328037 A CN201911328037 A CN 201911328037A CN 110988383 A CN110988383 A CN 110988383A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
- G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
- G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
- G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
- G01P3/487—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by rotating magnets
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for realizing the detection of the working state of a ball mill by non-contact speed measurement, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the outer surface of a rotary drum of the ball mill is provided with a magnet, a magnetic sensor is arranged outside the rotary drum, and the rotating speed of the rotary drum of the ball mill is converted into the output voltage of the magnetic sensor through electromagnetic induction with the magnet; detecting to obtain the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time, and calculating the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the ball mill rotating drum by utilizing the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time; determining the current working state of the detected ball mill according to the magnitude relation between the actual value and the normal value of any one parameter of the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the ball mill rotating cylinder during working, and performing corresponding processing when the current working state is an abnormal working state. The ball mill is tested the speed by utilizing non-contact magnetic induction, and the current working state of the ball mill is accurately detected by testing the speed under the condition of not influencing production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of detection of working states of ball mill equipment, in particular to a method and a system for realizing detection of the working states of a ball mill through non-contact speed measurement.
Background
In the existing ball mill working environment, in order to improve the production efficiency and reduce the cost of replacing the lining plate on the inner wall of the ball mill, the production process needs to be controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the ball mill according to the working state of the ball mill. The working state of the ball mill can be divided into low rotating speed (angular speed omega < omega)1) State, Normal rotational speed (angular velocity ω)1≤ω≤ω2) State and high rotational speed (angular speed ω > ω2) Status. Fig. 1 to 3 are schematic diagrams of three operating states (i.e., a low rotation speed state, a normal rotation speed state and a high rotation speed state) of the ball mill (wherein the direction indicated by the arrow is the rotation direction of the ball mill), including a throwing point and a dropping point of grinding media balls (hereinafter referred to as media balls 1) and a material line 3 formed by sliding down materials 2. According to physical knowledge, under the premise of a certain material volume in the ball mill, the positions of the falling point of the medium ball and the material line are both functions of the rotation angular speed omega of the ball mill. In actual production, enterprises expect that the ball mill is always in a normal rotating speed state, in the normal state, the media ball has a high initial throwing point, the impact is generated below the vicinity of a material line, namely the impact is mainly performed on the material, the kinetic energy is high, and the grinding effect is best. When the ball mill is in a low-rotating-speed state, the impact is generated at a far position below the material line, and at the moment, the media ball is very low in the throwing point or mainly rolls in the material, so that the material cannot be fully ground, and the production efficiency is low. When the ball mill is in a high-rotating-speed state, the media balls are higher in throwing point, and impact occurs above the material line, namely the grinding media balls mainly impact on the lining plate, so that the grinding efficiency is low, and more importantly, the lining plate can be damaged.
At present, the working state of the domestic ball mill is mainly monitored by monitoring by workers, and the working state is distinguished by different sound colors of the medium balls which are impacted under different working states. The method not only consumes manpower, but also can not achieve all-weather real-time automatic monitoring.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for detecting the working state of a ball mill through non-contact speed measurement, which can solve the problems that the working state of the ball mill is monitored in a manual monitoring mode, the labor is consumed, and all-weather real-time automatic monitoring cannot be achieved.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides a method for realizing the detection of the working state of a ball mill by non-contact speed measurement, which comprises the following steps:
a magnet is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of a rotary drum of the detected ball mill, and the magnet can synchronously move around the axis of the rotary drum along with the rotary drum; arranging a magnetic sensor at a position outside the ball mill close to the motion track of the magnet, wherein the magnetic sensor can convert the rotation speed information of the ball mill revolving drum into the output voltage of the magnetic sensor through electromagnetic induction with the magnet;
detecting and obtaining the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time, and calculating and obtaining the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of a rotating drum of the ball mill during working by utilizing the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time;
and determining the current working state of the detected ball mill according to the calculated magnitude relation between the actual value and the normal value of any parameter of the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the rotating cylinder of the ball mill during working, and performing corresponding processing when the current working state is an abnormal working state.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a system for realizing the detection of the working state of the ball mill through non-contact speed measurement, which is used for realizing the method of the invention and comprises the following steps:
the device comprises a magnet, a magnetic sensor, a sampling processing device, a detection processing device and an abnormal state processing device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the magnet is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the rotary drum of the detected ball mill and can synchronously move around the axis of the rotary drum along with the rotary drum;
the magnetic sensor is arranged outside the ball mill and close to the motion track of the magnet, and can convert the rotation speed information of the ball mill revolving drum into the output voltage of the magnetic sensor through electromagnetic induction with the magnet;
the sampling processing device is respectively electrically connected with the voltage output end of the magnetic sensor and the detection processing device, can sample the output voltage of the magnetic sensor, detects the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time, and calculates the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the rotary drum of the ball mill by using the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor;
the detection processing device is electrically connected with the abnormal state processing device and can determine the current working state of the detected ball mill according to the magnitude relation between the actual value and the normal value of any parameter in the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the rotating cylinder of the ball mill during working;
and the abnormal state processing device can perform corresponding processing when the current working state is the abnormal working state according to the current working state of the detected ball mill determined by the detection processing device.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the method and the system for realizing the detection of the working state of the ball mill through non-contact speed measurement have the beneficial effects that:
through setting up the magnet on the rotary drum at the ball mill to set up magnetic sensor's mode in magnet motion orbit external position, utilize non-contact nature magnetic induction to test the speed to the ball mill, through the current operating condition who detects the ball mill that tests the speed accurately to ball mill in the time of the actual work under the condition that does not influence production. Compared with a manual monitoring mode, the automatic detection can be realized, and the detection is more timely and accurate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low-speed operation state of a ball mill according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a ball mill operating at a normal rotation speed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a high-speed operation state of a ball mill according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for detecting the operating state of a ball mill by non-contact velocity measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a system configuration for implementing the method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another system configuration for implementing the method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of waveforms of output voltages of the magnetic sensors in a critical operating state of a normal rotation speed and a low rotation speed of the ball mill according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of waveforms of output voltages of the magnetic sensors in a critical operating state of normal rotation speed and high rotation speed of the ball mill according to the embodiment of the present invention;
the parts corresponding to each mark in the figure are: 1-a magnet; 2-a magnetic sensor; 3-a sampling processing device; 4-detection processing means; 5-abnormal state processing means; 6-the outer surface of the rotary drum of the ball mill; 7-support of magnetic sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific contents of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Details which are not described in detail in the embodiments of the invention belong to the prior art which is known to the person skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting an operating state of a ball mill through non-contact velocity measurement, including:
a magnet is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of a rotary drum of the detected ball mill, and the magnet can synchronously move around the axis of the rotary drum along with the rotary drum; arranging a magnetic sensor at a position outside the ball mill close to the motion track of the magnet, wherein the magnetic sensor can convert the rotation speed information of the ball mill revolving drum into the output voltage of the magnetic sensor through electromagnetic induction with the magnet;
detecting and obtaining the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time, and calculating and obtaining the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of a rotating drum of the ball mill during working by utilizing the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time;
and determining the current working state of the detected ball mill according to the calculated magnitude relation between the actual value and the normal value of any parameter of the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the rotating cylinder of the ball mill during working, and performing corresponding processing when the current working state is an abnormal working state.
In the above method, the step of fixedly arranging a magnet on the outer surface of the drum of the ball mill to be tested, wherein the magnet can synchronously move around the axis of the drum along with the rotating drum comprises the following steps:
fixedly arranging a magnet (see figure 5) at any position of the arc-shaped outer surface of the rotary drum of the ball mill, wherein the magnet can synchronously move around the axis of the rotary drum along with the rotating arc-shaped outer surface of the rotary drum;
alternatively, a magnet (see fig. 6) is fixedly provided at any position of either side surface of the bowl of the ball mill, which is deviated from the axial center, and the magnet is movable synchronously around the axial center of the bowl with the side outer surface of the rotating bowl.
In the above method, the method in which the magnetic sensor is capable of converting the information on the rotation speed of the bowl mill bowl into the output voltage of the magnetic sensor by electromagnetic induction with the magnet includes:
during the process that the magnet firstly approaches and then moves away from the magnetic sensorThe output voltage of the magnetic sensor output by the magnetic sensor forms a periodic voltage waveform with a maximum voltage value, which is gradually decreased from small to large (see fig. 7 and 8, fig. 7 shows the normal rotation speed and the low rotation speed of the revolving drum of the ball mill (n ═ n) in the working state (see fig. 7 and 8)1,ω＝ω1,Tω＝T1) The waveform of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in the critical operating state of (1); FIG. 8 shows the operation of the bowl of the ball mill at normal and high rotational speeds (n ═ n)2,ω＝ω2,Tω＝T2) The waveform of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in the critical operating state).
In the method, the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time is detected as follows: with a predetermined sampling period TsSampling the output voltage of the magnetic sensor, and recording the total number N of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time T;
calculating the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the rotating drum of the ball mill during working by utilizing the total maximum value of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time as follows:
rotational speed of the bowl mill bowl
Wherein T represents a unit time, and N represents a total number of maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor per unit time;
angular speed of rotation of the bowl mill bowl
Wherein N represents the rotation speed of the rotating drum, T represents unit time, and N represents the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time;
rotation period of the bowl mill bowl
Where N represents a rotation speed, T represents a unit time, and N represents a total number of maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor per unit time.
In the above method, the magnetic sensor output voltage maximum value is determined by: and if the output voltage of the magnetic sensor at the ith sampling point is respectively greater than the output voltage of the magnetic sensor at the (i-1) th sampling point and the output voltage of the magnetic sensor at the (i + 1) th sampling point, determining that the output voltage of the magnetic sensor at the sampling point is the maximum value of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor.
In the method, determining the current working state of the detected ball mill according to the calculated magnitude relation between the actual value and the normal value of any parameter of the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the rotating cylinder of the ball mill during working, and performing corresponding processing when the current working state is an abnormal working state comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the current working state of the detected ball mill according to the size relation between the actual value and the normal value of the rotating speed of the rotating drum of the ball mill, and performing corresponding processing when the current working state is an abnormal working state, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the rotating speed range of the rotary drum in the normal rotating speed working state of the ball mill to be detected is set as n in advance1≤n≤n2Dividing the rotating speed of the revolving drum of the ball mill into three sets according to different working states:
Xhigh speed＝{n|n＞n2}
XIs normal＝{n|n1≤n≤n2}
XLow speed＝{n|n＜n1}；
Calculating the actually measured rotating speed n of the rotating cylinder of the ball mill in the production process, and if the rotating speed n belongs to XIs normalDetermining that the ball mill is in a normal rotating speed working state, and maintaining the current rotating speed; if the rotation speed n belongs to XHigh speedDetermining that the ball mill is in a high-rotation-speed working state, and performing processing of giving an alarm and/or reducing the rotation speed; if the rotation speed n belongs to XLow speedDetermining that the ball mill is in a low-rotation-speed working state, and performing processing of giving an alarm and/or increasing the rotation speed;
(2) determining the current working state of the detected ball mill according to the size relation between the actual value and the normal value of the rotating angular speed of the revolving drum of the ball mill, and performing corresponding processing when the current working state is an abnormal working state, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the rotation angular speed range of the rotary drum in the normal rotation speed working state of the ball mill to be detected is set to omega in advance1≤ω≤ω2Dividing the rotation angular speed of the revolving drum of the ball mill into three sets according to different working states:
Yhigh speed＝{ω|ω＞ω2}
YIs normal＝{ω|ω1≤ω≤ω2}
YLow speed＝{ω|ω＜ω1}；
Calculating the actually measured rotation angular speed omega of the revolving drum of the ball mill in the production process, and if the rotation angular speed omega belongs to YIs normalDetermining that the ball mill is in a normal rotating speed working state, and maintaining the current rotating speed; if the angular velocity ω ∈ YHigh speedDetermining that the ball mill is in a high-rotation-speed working state, and performing processing of giving an alarm and/or reducing the rotation speed; if the angular velocity ω ∈ YLow speedDetermining that the ball mill is in a low-rotation-speed working state, and performing processing of giving an alarm and/or increasing the rotation speed;
(3) determining the current working state of the detected ball mill according to the size relation between the actual value and the normal value of the rotation period of the rotary drum of the ball mill, and performing corresponding processing when the current working state is an abnormal working state, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the rotation period of the rotary drum in the normal rotation speed working state of the ball mill to be detected is preset within T1≤Tω≤T2Dividing the rotation period of the revolving drum of the ball mill into three sets according to different working states:
Zhigh speed＝{Tω|Tω＜T1}
ZIs normal＝{Tω|T1≤Tω≤T2}
ZLow speed＝{Tω|Tω＞T2}；
Calculating the rotation period T of the revolving drum of the ball mill actually measured in the production processωIf the period of rotation Tω∈ZIs normalDetermining that the ball mill is in a normal rotating speed working state, and maintaining the current rotating speed; if the period of rotation Tω∈ZHigh speedDetermining that the ball mill is in a high-rotation-speed working state, and performing processing of giving an alarm and/or reducing the rotation speed; if the period of rotation Tω∈ZLow speedAnd determining that the ball mill is in a low-rotation-speed working state, and performing processing of giving an alarm and/or increasing the rotation speed.
In the method, the rotating speed range of the rotary drum in the detected normal rotating speed working state of the ball mill is set as n in advance1≤n≤n2Setting the rotation speed range of the rotary drum in the normal rotation speed working state of the ball mill to be detected as n according to the prior knowledge accumulated in the actual production process1≤n≤n2；
The rotation angular speed range of the rotary drum in the normal rotation speed working state of the ball mill to be detected is set to omega in advance1≤ω≤ω2Setting the rotation angular speed range of the rotary drum in the normal rotation speed working state of the ball mill to be detected as omega according to the prior knowledge accumulated in the actual production process1≤ω≤ω2；
Setting the range of the rotation period of the rotary drum in the normal rotation speed working state of the ball mill to be detected as T in advance1≤Tω≤T2Setting the range of the rotation period of the rotary drum in the normal rotation speed working state of the ball mill to be detected as T according to the prior knowledge accumulated in the actual production process1≤Tω≤T2。
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for detecting an operating state of a ball mill through non-contact velocity measurement, so as to implement the method described above, including:
the device comprises a magnet, a magnetic sensor, a sampling processing device, a detection processing device and an abnormal state processing device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the magnet is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the rotary drum of the detected ball mill and can synchronously move around the axis of the rotary drum along with the rotary drum;
the magnetic sensor is arranged outside the ball mill and close to the motion track of the magnet, and can convert the rotation speed information of the ball mill revolving drum into the output voltage of the magnetic sensor through electromagnetic induction with the magnet;
the sampling processing device is respectively electrically connected with the voltage output end of the magnetic sensor and the detection processing device, can sample the output voltage of the magnetic sensor, detects the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time, and calculates the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the rotary drum of the ball mill by using the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor;
the detection processing device is electrically connected with the abnormal state processing device and can determine the current working state of the detected ball mill according to the magnitude relation between the actual value and the normal value of any parameter in the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the rotating cylinder of the ball mill during working;
and the abnormal state processing device can perform corresponding processing when the current working state is the abnormal working state according to the current working state of the detected ball mill determined by the detection processing device.
In the above system, the sampling processing apparatus includes: the device comprises a sampling device, a counting device and a signal processing device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the sampling device is respectively electrically connected with the counting device and the signal processing device and can perform sampling within a preset sampling period TsSampling the output voltage of the magnetic sensor, and outputting the amplitude of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor at each sampling point;
the counting device can calculate the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time T according to the amplitude of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor at each sampling point output by the sampling device after sampling;
the signal processing device can beAccording to the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in the unit time T, the first formula is used
Calculating the rotating speed N of the revolving drum of the ball mill, wherein in the first formula, T represents unit time, and N represents the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time; by a second formula
Calculating the rotation angular speed omega of the ball mill, wherein in the second formula, N represents the rotation speed of a rotary drum of the ball mill, T represents unit time, and N represents the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time; and by a third formula
Calculating to obtain the rotation period T of the ball millωIn the third formula, N represents the rotation speed of the bowl of the ball mill, T represents a unit time, and N represents the total number of maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor per unit time.
Preferably, in the system, an alarm circuit and/or an automatic control circuit is arranged in the abnormal state processing device, the component circuit can alarm the abnormal working state, and the automatic control circuit can adjust the rotating speed of the ball mill in the abnormal working state.
The method and the system for realizing the detection of the working state of the ball mill through non-contact speed measurement can accurately, quickly and automatically detect and determine the current working state of the ball mill, and further realize the rotation speed control of the ball mill so as to ensure that the ball mill is in the working state of normal rotation speed.
The embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for realizing the detection of the working state of a ball mill through non-contact speed measurement, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: the outer surface of a revolving drum of the ball mill is provided with a magnet, a magnetic sensor is arranged at a position outside the ball mill, which is close to the motion track of the magnet, and the rotation speed information of the ball mill is converted into the output voltage of the magnetic sensor by utilizing electromagnetic induction.
The method is characterized in that a magnet is arranged on the outer surface of a rotary drum of the ball mill, a magnetic sensor is arranged outside the ball mill at a position close to the motion track of the magnet, and alternative schemes comprise two schemes shown in figures 5 and 6 (but not limited to the two schemes shown in figures 5 and 6).
In the process that the magnet is close to the magnetic sensor and then is far away from the magnetic sensor, the output voltage of the output magnetic sensor of the magnetic sensor is reduced from a small value to a maximum value along with the approach and the distance between the magnetic sensor and the magnet, the output voltage waveform period of the output magnetic sensor is the same as the rotation period of the ball mill, and the waveform schematic is shown in fig. 7 and 8.
Step S2: detecting to obtain the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time, and calculating the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the ball mill revolving drum according to the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time;
with the sampling means, at a sufficiently small sampling period TsThe output voltage of the magnetic sensor is sampled. And calculating the total number N of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time. The method for calculating the maximum value of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor comprises the following steps: and for the ith sampling point, if the output voltage of the magnetic sensor of the sampling point is greater than the output voltage of the magnetic sensor at the sampling point i-1 and greater than the output voltage of the magnetic sensor at the sampling point i +1, determining that the output voltage of the magnetic sensor at the sampling point is the maximum value of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor.
In the unit time T of sampling, the rotating speed of the ball mill is considered to be constant,
the rotation speed of the ball mill drum is:
the rotating angular speed of the ball mill revolving drum is as follows:
the rotation period of the ball mill rotary drum is as follows:
step S3: and detecting the working state of the ball mill equipment according to the magnitude relation between the actual value and the normal value of any parameter of the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the rotary drum of the ball mill during working, which is obtained by electromagnetic induction non-contact measurement and calculation in the step S2, and correspondingly measuring the abnormal working state, such as alarming the abnormal working state and/or automatically regulating the speed of the ball mill.
Referring to the schematic diagram of the ball mill of fig. 1, three operating states are determined by the relative relationship between the medium ball drop point and the material line. When the medium ball falling point is slightly below the material line, the medium ball falling point is in a normal rotating speed working state; when the medium ball falling point is far below the material line, the medium ball falling point is in a low-rotation-speed working state; when the medium ball falling point is above the material line, the working state is in a high rotating speed working state. According to physical knowledge, the drop point of the medium ball and the position of the material line are functions of the rotating speed of the ball mill rotating drum, and under the condition of the rotating speed of each drum, a corresponding relation between the drop point of the medium ball and the material line exists. According to the relationship between the material lines and the medium balls in the ball mill under different working rotary drums, the understanding of the detection of the working state of the ball mill is simplified, and through the analysis, three methods are provided for detecting the working state of the ball mill, wherein,
the method comprises the following steps: according to prior knowledge accumulated in the actual production process, the rotating speed of the rotary drum in the normal rotating speed working state of the ball mill is determined within a certain range, and the rotating speed range of the rotary drum in the normal working state is set as n1≤n≤n2The rotating speeds of the ball mill revolving drum can be divided into three sets according to different working states:
Xhigh speed＝{n|n＞n2}
XIs normal＝{n|n1≤n≤n2}
XLow speed＝{n|n＜n1}
Calculating the rotation speed n of the ball mill revolving drum actually measured by non-contact electromagnetic induction in the production process, and if n belongs to XIs normalThe ball mill is in the normal stateThe normal rotating speed working state is realized, and the current rotating speed is maintained; if n is equal to XHigh speedIf the ball mill is in a high-rotation-speed working state, the rotation speed needs to be reduced; if n is equal to XLow speedIf the ball mill is in a low-rotation-speed working state, the rotation speed needs to be increased.
The method 2 comprises the following steps: according to prior knowledge accumulated in the actual production process, the rotating angular speed of the rotary drum in the normal rotating speed working state of the ball mill is determined within a certain range, and the rotating angular speed range of the rotary drum in the normal working state is set as omega1≤ω≤ω2Then, the rotation angular speed of the ball mill revolving drum can be divided into three sets according to different working states:
Yhigh speed＝{ω|ω＞ω2}
YIs normal＝{ω|ω1≤ω≤ω2}
YLow speed＝{ω|ω＜ω1}
Calculating the rotation angular speed omega of the ball mill revolving drum actually measured by non-contact electromagnetic induction in the production process, and if omega belongs to YIs normalThe ball mill is in a normal rotating speed working state, and the current rotating speed is maintained; if ω ∈ YHigh speedIf the ball mill is in a high-rotation-speed working state, the rotation speed needs to be reduced; if ω ∈ YLow speedIf the ball mill is in a low-rotation-speed working state, the rotation speed needs to be increased.
The method 3 comprises the following steps: according to prior knowledge accumulated in the actual production process, the rotation period of the ball mill in the normal rotation speed working state is determined within a certain range, and the rotation period range of the normal work is set as T1≤Tω≤T2Then, the rotation period can be divided into three sets according to different working states:
Zhigh speed＝{Tω|Tω＜T1}
ZIs normal＝{Tω|T1≤Tω≤T2}
ZLow speed＝{Tω|Tω＞T2}
Calculating the actual measured rotation of the ball mill by non-contact electromagnetic induction during productionPeriod TωIf T isω∈ZIs normalThe ball mill is in a normal rotating speed working state, and the current rotating speed is maintained; if Tω∈ZHigh speedIf the ball mill is in a high-rotation-speed working state, the rotation speed needs to be reduced; if Tω∈ZLow speedIf the ball mill is in a low-rotation-speed working state, the rotation speed needs to be increased.
In summary, the method of the present invention calculates the rotation speed, the rotation angular speed and the rotation period of the revolving drum of the ball mill during operation by non-contact electromagnetic induction measurement, and further determines the current working state of the ball mill by using any parameter of the rotation speed, the rotation angular speed and the rotation period of the revolving drum. According to different working states, different signals are output to the alarm circuit, the alarm is controlled to give an alarm to workers in light, sound and other forms, the workers are reminded to change the working speed of the ball mill to be a normal rotating speed, and further, the automatic control circuit can directly control and change the working speed of the ball mill to enable the ball mill to return to the normal rotating speed.
Through the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the above embodiments can be implemented by software, and can also be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform. With this understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, a usb disk, a removable hard disk, etc.), and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of the present invention.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for realizing the detection of the working state of a ball mill by non-contact speed measurement is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a magnet is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of a rotary drum of the detected ball mill, and the magnet can synchronously move around the axis of the rotary drum along with the rotary drum; arranging a magnetic sensor at a position outside the ball mill close to the motion track of the magnet, wherein the magnetic sensor can convert the rotation speed information of the ball mill revolving drum into the output voltage of the magnetic sensor through electromagnetic induction with the magnet;
detecting and obtaining the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time, and calculating and obtaining the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of a rotating drum of the ball mill during working by utilizing the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time;
and determining the current working state of the detected ball mill according to the calculated magnitude relation between the actual value and the normal value of any parameter of the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the rotating cylinder of the ball mill during working, and performing corresponding processing when the current working state is an abnormal working state.
2. A method for detecting the working condition of a ball mill by non-contact velocimetry according to claim 1, wherein in the method, a magnet is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of a drum of the ball mill to be detected, and the magnet can synchronously move around the axis of the drum along with the rotating drum, and the method comprises the following steps:
a magnet is fixedly arranged at any position of the arc-shaped outer surface of the rotary drum of the ball mill, and the magnet can synchronously move around the axis of the rotary drum along with the rotating arc-shaped outer surface of the rotary drum;
or, a magnet is fixedly arranged at any position of any side surface of the revolving drum of the ball mill deviating from the axle center, and the magnet can synchronously move around the axle center of the revolving drum along with the side outer surface of the revolving drum.
3. A method for detecting the working condition of a ball mill by non-contact velocimetry according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the method, the magnetic sensor can convert the rotation speed information of the ball mill revolving drum into the output voltage of the magnetic sensor by electromagnetic induction with the magnet comprises:
in the process that the magnet firstly approaches to and then leaves away from the magnetic sensor, the output voltage of the magnetic sensor output by the magnetic sensor forms a periodic voltage waveform with a voltage maximum value, wherein the periodic voltage waveform is changed from small to large and then is changed to small.
4. The method for detecting the working state of the ball mill by non-contact velocimetry as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the method, the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time is detected as follows: with a predetermined sampling period TsSampling the output voltage of the magnetic sensor, and recording the total number N of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time T;
calculating the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the rotating drum of the ball mill during working by using the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time as follows:
rotational speed of the bowl mill bowl
Wherein T represents a unit time, and N represents a total number of maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor per unit time;
angular speed of rotation of the bowl mill bowl
Wherein N represents the rotation speed of the rotating drum, T represents unit time, and N represents the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time;
rotation period of the bowl mill bowl
Where N represents a rotation speed, T represents a unit time, and N represents a total number of maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor per unit time.
5. The method for detecting the working state of the ball mill by non-contact velocimetry as claimed in claim 4, wherein the maximum value of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor is determined by the following means: and if the output voltage of the magnetic sensor at the ith sampling point is respectively greater than the output voltage of the magnetic sensor at the (i-1) th sampling point and the output voltage of the magnetic sensor at the (i + 1) th sampling point, determining that the output voltage of the magnetic sensor at the sampling point is the maximum value of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor.
6. A method for detecting the working condition of a ball mill through non-contact velocimetry according to claim 1, 4 or 5, wherein in the method, the determining the current working condition of the ball mill to be detected according to the calculated magnitude relation between the actual value and the normal value of any parameter of the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the rotating cylinder of the ball mill during working, and performing corresponding processing when the current working condition is the abnormal working condition comprises:
(1) determining the current working state of the detected ball mill according to the size relation between the actual value and the normal value of the rotating speed of the rotating drum of the ball mill, and performing corresponding processing when the current working state is an abnormal working state, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the rotating speed range of the rotary drum in the normal rotating speed working state of the ball mill to be detected is set as n in advance1≤n≤n2Dividing the rotating speed of the revolving drum of the ball mill into three sets according to different working states:
Xhigh speed＝{n|n＞n2}
XIs normal＝{n|n1≤n≤n2}
XLow speed＝{n|n＜n1}；
Calculating the actually measured rotating speed n of the rotating cylinder of the ball mill in the production process, and if the rotating speed n belongs to XIs normalDetermining that the ball mill is in a normal rotating speed working state, and maintaining the current rotating speed; if the rotation speed n belongs to XHigh speedDetermining that the ball mill is in a high-rotation-speed working state, and sending out a reportAlarm and/or speed reduction processing; if the rotation speed n belongs to XLow speedDetermining that the ball mill is in a low-rotation-speed working state, and performing processing of giving an alarm and/or increasing the rotation speed;
(2) determining the current working state of the detected ball mill according to the size relation between the actual value and the normal value of the rotating angular speed of the revolving drum of the ball mill, and performing corresponding processing when the current working state is an abnormal working state, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the rotation angular speed range of the rotary drum in the normal rotation speed working state of the ball mill to be detected is set to omega in advance1≤ω≤ω2Dividing the rotation angular speed of the revolving drum of the ball mill into three sets according to different working states:
Yhigh speed＝{ω|ω＞ω2}
YIs normal＝{ω|ω1≤ω≤ω2}
YLow speed＝{ω|ω＜ω1}；
Calculating the actually measured rotation angular speed omega of the revolving drum of the ball mill in the production process, and if the rotation angular speed omega belongs to YIs normalDetermining that the ball mill is in a normal rotating speed working state, and maintaining the current rotating speed; if the angular velocity ω ∈ YHigh speedDetermining that the ball mill is in a high-rotation-speed working state, and performing processing of giving an alarm and/or reducing the rotation speed; if the angular velocity ω ∈ YLow speedDetermining that the ball mill is in a low-rotation-speed working state, and performing processing of giving an alarm and/or increasing the rotation speed;
(3) determining the current working state of the detected ball mill according to the size relation between the actual value and the normal value of the rotation period of the rotary drum of the ball mill, and performing corresponding processing when the current working state is an abnormal working state, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the rotation period of the rotary drum in the normal rotation speed working state of the ball mill to be detected is preset within T1≤Tω≤T2Dividing the rotation period of the revolving drum of the ball mill into three sets according to different working states:
Zhigh speed＝{Tω|Tω＜T1}
ZIs normal＝{Tω|T1≤Tω≤T2}
ZLow speed＝{Tω|Tω＞T2}；
Calculating the rotation period T of the revolving drum of the ball mill actually measured in the production processωIf the period of rotation Tω∈ZIs normalDetermining that the ball mill is in a normal rotating speed working state, and maintaining the current rotating speed; if the period of rotation Tω∈ZHigh speedDetermining that the ball mill is in a high-rotation-speed working state, and performing processing of giving an alarm and/or reducing the rotation speed; if the period of rotation Tω∈ZLow speedAnd determining that the ball mill is in a low-rotation-speed working state, and performing processing of giving an alarm and/or increasing the rotation speed.
7. A method for detecting the operation state of a ball mill by non-contact velocimetry as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method sets the rotation speed range of the rotating cylinder in the detected normal rotation speed operation state of the ball mill to n in advance1≤n≤n2Setting the rotation speed range of the rotary drum in the normal rotation speed working state of the ball mill to be detected as n according to the prior knowledge accumulated in the actual production process1≤n≤n2；
The rotation angular speed range of the rotary drum in the normal rotation speed working state of the ball mill to be detected is set to omega in advance1≤ω≤ω2Setting the rotation angular speed range of the rotary drum in the normal rotation speed working state of the ball mill to be detected as omega according to the prior knowledge accumulated in the actual production process1≤ω≤ω2；
Setting the range of the rotation period of the rotary drum in the normal rotation speed working state of the ball mill to be detected as T in advance1≤Tω≤T2Setting the range of the rotation period of the rotary drum in the normal rotation speed working state of the ball mill to be detected as T according to the prior knowledge accumulated in the actual production process1≤Tω≤T2。
8. A system for realizing the detection of the working state of a ball mill by non-contact speed measurement, which is characterized in that the system is used for realizing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 and comprises the following steps:
the device comprises a magnet, a magnetic sensor, a sampling processing device, a detection processing device and an abnormal state processing device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the magnet is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the rotary drum of the detected ball mill and can synchronously move around the axis of the rotary drum along with the rotary drum;
the magnetic sensor is arranged outside the ball mill and close to the motion track of the magnet, and can convert the rotation speed information of the ball mill revolving drum into the output voltage of the magnetic sensor through electromagnetic induction with the magnet;
the sampling processing device is respectively electrically connected with the voltage output end of the magnetic sensor and the detection processing device, can sample the output voltage of the magnetic sensor, detects the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time, and calculates the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the rotary drum of the ball mill by using the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor;
the detection processing device is electrically connected with the abnormal state processing device and can determine the current working state of the detected ball mill according to the magnitude relation between the actual value and the normal value of any parameter in the rotating speed, the rotating angular speed and the rotating period of the rotating cylinder of the ball mill during working;
and the abnormal state processing device can perform corresponding processing when the current working state is the abnormal working state according to the current working state of the detected ball mill determined by the detection processing device.
9. The system for realizing the detection of the working state of the ball mill by non-contact velocimetry according to claim 8, wherein the sampling processing device comprises:
the device comprises a sampling device, a counting device and a signal processing device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the sampling device is respectively electrically connected with the counting device and the signal processing device and can perform sampling within a preset sampling period TsSampling the output voltage of the magnetic sensor, and outputting the amplitude of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor at each sampling point;
the counting device can calculate the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time T according to the amplitude of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor at each sampling point output by the sampling device after sampling;
the signal processing device can use a first formula to calculate the total maximum value of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in the unit time T
Calculating the rotating speed N of the revolving drum of the ball mill, wherein in the first formula, T represents unit time, and N represents the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time; by a second formula
Calculating the rotation angular speed omega of the ball mill, wherein in the second formula, N represents the rotation speed of a rotary drum of the ball mill, T represents unit time, and N represents the total number of the maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor in unit time; and by a third formula
Calculating to obtain the rotation period T of the ball millωIn the third formula, N represents the rotation speed of the bowl of the ball mill, T represents a unit time, and N represents the total number of maximum values of the output voltage of the magnetic sensor per unit time.
10. A system for realizing detection of an operating state of a ball mill through non-contact velocity measurement according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that an alarm circuit and/or an automatic control circuit are arranged in the abnormal state processing device, the component circuit can alarm the abnormal operating state, and the automatic control circuit can adjust the rotating speed of the ball mill in the abnormal operating state.
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