CN110988029A - Thermal-structural characteristic testing system of high-speed rotating shaft with built-in parallel-shaft rotating heat pipe - Google Patents
Thermal-structural characteristic testing system of high-speed rotating shaft with built-in parallel-shaft rotating heat pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN110988029A CN110988029A CN201911374201.7A CN201911374201A CN110988029A CN 110988029 A CN110988029 A CN 110988029A CN 201911374201 A CN201911374201 A CN 201911374201A CN 110988029 A CN110988029 A CN 110988029A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
Abstract
A thermal-structural characteristic test system of a high-speed rotating shaft with built-in parallel shaft rotating heat pipes comprises a driving motor arranged on a base, wherein the driving motor is connected with the front end of the rotating shaft; the middle part of the rotating shaft is a heat insulation section which is wrapped with heat insulation cotton for heat insulation; the rear end of the rotating shaft is provided with a cooling cavity, the cooling cavity is subjected to forced convection cooling by utilizing compressed air, the end head of the rear end of the rotating shaft is provided with an eddy current displacement sensor, the surface temperature of the rotating shaft is measured by adopting a thermocouple, and a temperature measurement signal of the thermocouple is transmitted through a wireless temperature measurement module and is stored and displayed on a computer; the invention can test the heat transfer performance and the mechanical performance of the rotating shaft with the built-in parallel shaft rotating heat pipe cooling structure under the influence of factors such as different rotating speeds, heating power, liquid filling rate of heat transfer fluid and the like, and has the advantages of low cost, strong universality and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed rotating shaft cooling, in particular to a thermal-structural characteristic test system of a high-speed rotating shaft with a built-in parallel-shaft rotating heat pipe.
Background
The existing high-speed rotating shaft cooling scheme generally focuses on a plurality of key components, firstly aims at the problem of heat generation of a bearing, and adopts an oil-gas (mist) lubrication technology to lubricate the bearing and simultaneously take away part of heat so as to improve the heat generation problem of the bearing to a certain extent.A commonly used scheme aims at the heat generated by a static component in an electric spindle, and is to process a spiral cooling flow channel on a shell outside a stator, and utilize the circulating flow of cooling water (oil) to take away about 2/3 of the heat generated inside the electric spindle through convection heat exchange, for the heat generation problem of a motor rotor, the current better solution is to lead high-pressure cooling fluid into a cooling channel inside the rotating shaft through a rotary sealing joint, and utilize the convection heat exchange between a cooling working medium and the wall surface of the channel to lead out the heat inside the electric spindle, but the scheme has the defects that the cost of a rotary seal for leading in the cooling fluid is higher under a high rotating speed of ①, the heat generation position between a stator and a rotor of the motor is higher, and the heat generation problem that the heat generation of a rotating shaft is caused by a relatively large temperature increase of the rotating shaft center is caused by a relatively environmental protection mode that the rotating shaft is caused by the fact that the rotating shaft is not easy to be processed by leading in the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft center of the rotating shaft when the rotating shaft.
The heat pipe (or called heat pipe) is a special heat conducting element with a rapid temperature equalization characteristic, the rotating heat pipe refers to a heat pipe working in a rotating state, and similar to the traditional heat pipe, the rotating heat pipe can be structurally divided into a heat absorption end (evaporation end), a heat insulation section and a heat release end (condensation end), and liquid phase heat transfer fluid in the rotating heat pipe mainly depends on centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation to serve as backflow driving force. According to the relative position relationship between the rotation axis and the geometric axis, the rotating heat pipe can be generally divided into: parallel axis rotating heat pipes, radial rotating heat pipes and coaxial rotating heat pipes. As one of the most common types of rotary heat pipes, the parallel shaft rotary heat pipe is often used in the cooling design of rotating parts such as a high-speed motor rotor, a high-speed bearing inner ring, and a steam turbine rotating shaft.
No literature disclosure has been found about testing techniques and systems for the effects of built-in parallel axis rotating heat pipe cooling structures on axis heat transfer and structural performance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a thermal-structural characteristic test system of a high-speed rotating shaft with a built-in parallel shaft rotating heat pipe, which can simulate the thermal environment and constraint boundary conditions of an electric main shaft internal bearing-main shaft system in a real state, test and verify the heat transfer performance and mechanical performance of the rotating shaft with a built-in parallel shaft rotating heat pipe cooling structure under the influence of factors such as different rotating speeds, heating power, liquid filling rate of heat transfer fluid and the like, further obtain the equivalent thermal conductivity of the rotating shaft with the built-in parallel shaft rotating heat pipe structure, and provide a basis for selecting the optimal liquid filling rate under specific rotating speed and heating power; meanwhile, the test system has the advantages of low cost, strong universality, high reliability, convenience in implementation and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a thermal-structural characteristic test system of a high-speed rotating shaft with a built-in parallel shaft rotating heat pipe comprises a driving motor 2 arranged on a base 1, wherein an output shaft of the driving motor 2 is connected with the front end of a rotating shaft 4 through a coupler 3, a parallel shaft rotating heat pipe cooling structure 7 is arranged inside the rotating shaft 4, the rotating shaft 4 is supported on a bearing seat through a front bearing 5 and a rear bearing 14, and the bearing seat is arranged on the base 1;
a ceramic heating ring 6 is arranged outside the front end of the rotating shaft 4, the ceramic heating ring 6 is adopted to carry out non-contact heating on the front end of the rotating shaft 4, and the ceramic heating ring 6 is powered by an adjustable direct current power supply 18;
the middle part of the rotating shaft 4 is a heat insulation section, and heat insulation is carried out by wrapping heat insulation cotton;
the rear end of the rotating shaft 4 is provided with a cooling cavity 10, the cooling cavity 10 is subjected to forced convection cooling by utilizing compressed air through an air compressor 13, the rear end head of the rotating shaft 4 is provided with an eddy current displacement sensor 16, a thermocouple 9 is adopted to measure the surface temperature of the rotating shaft 4, and a temperature measurement signal of the thermocouple 9 is transmitted through a wireless temperature measurement module 8 and is stored and displayed on a computer 17.
The outer ring of the front bearing 5 is completely constrained, while the outer ring of the rear bearing 14 is fixed to the sliding sleeve 19, so that the rotating shaft 4 is allowed to have freedom in the axial direction after being heated.
In the heat transfer test process, firstly, communication connection with the wireless temperature measurement module 8 is established on the computer 17 in a Wi-Fi environment, after the signal reception is stable, the adjustable direct current power supply 18 is adjusted to the expected output power to heat the front end of the rotating shaft 4, meanwhile, the driving motor 2 is started to drive the rotating shaft 4 to enter a working state, and when the temperature indication on the computer 17 is stable, namely the fluctuation of the temperature indication within 5 minutes is less than 0.5 ℃ under the specific rotating speed and heating power, the rotating speed of the driving motor 2 or the heating power of the adjustable direct current power supply 18 is changed to carry out the heat transfer performance test of the next working condition; meanwhile, the thermal elongation of the shaft end of the rotating shaft 4 in the current thermal steady state is measured by the eddy current displacement sensor 16.
The flow channel of the parallel shaft rotating heat pipe cooling structure 7 consists of four channels milled on the surface of the rotating shaft 4, and the flow channel is sealed by interference fit of a layer of additional material above the channels; in the experimental process, the parallel-shaft rotating heat pipe cooling structure 7 finishes vacuumizing, liquid injection and final sealing through a miniature ball valve 15 arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft 4.
The wireless temperature measurement module 8 has communication and storage functions, has a wireless transmission function based on Wi-Fi, and can transmit temperature data acquired by the thermocouple 9 to the computer 17 in the same Wi-Fi environment for storage and display; in the test process, the wireless temperature measurement module 8 is fixed on the rotating shaft 4 through the circuit box and rotates together with the rotating shaft 4 during working.
The thermocouple 9 is responsible for monitoring the temperature of the surfaces of the heating section and the cooling section of the rotating shaft 4.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention realizes the thermal-structural performance test of the high-speed rotating shaft with the built-in parallel shaft rotating heat pipe cooling structure under different rotating speeds and heating powers, and the obtained experimental data can be used as the design basis of the parallel shaft rotating heat pipe in the cooling field of high-speed motors, steam turbine rotating shafts and the like. Therefore, the invention has very important significance for the application of the heat pipe cooling technology in the occasions; meanwhile, the system of the invention has the characteristics of relatively simple implementation, low cost, compact structure, stable operation, strong practicability and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the rotating shaft.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of thermocouple measurement point distribution on the surface of a rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a thermal-structural characteristic test system of a high-speed rotating shaft with a built-in parallel shaft rotating heat pipe comprises a driving motor 2 installed on a base 1, an output shaft of the driving motor 2 is connected with the front end of a rotating shaft 4 through a coupler 3, a parallel shaft rotating heat pipe cooling structure 7 is arranged inside the rotating shaft 4, the rotating shaft 4 is supported on a bearing block by a front bearing 5 and a rear bearing 14, and the bearing block is installed on the base 1;
a ceramic heating ring 6 is arranged outside the front end of the rotating shaft 4, the ceramic heating ring 6 is used for heating one end of the rotating shaft 4 in a non-contact mode, the ceramic heating ring 6 is powered by an adjustable direct current power supply 18, and input voltage and current are adjusted through the adjustable direct current power supply 18, so that input of different heating powers of the ceramic heating ring 6 is achieved;
the middle part of the rotating shaft 4 is a heat insulation section which is wrapped with heat insulation cotton for heat insulation;
a cooling chamber 10 is arranged at the rear end of the rotating shaft 4, the cooling chamber 10 is subjected to forced convection cooling by using compressed air through an air compressor 13, and an eddy current displacement sensor 16 is arranged at the rear end of the rotating shaft 4; during the test, the thermocouple 9 is adopted to measure the surface temperature of the rotating shaft 4, and the arrangement scheme of the thermocouple 9 is shown in FIG. 3; the temperature measurement signal of the thermocouple 9 is transmitted through the wireless temperature measurement module 8 and is stored and displayed on the computer 17; in the heat transfer test process, firstly, communication connection with the wireless temperature measurement module 8 is established on the computer 17 in a Wi-Fi environment, after the signal reception is stable, the adjustable direct current power supply 18 is adjusted to the expected output power to heat the front end of the rotating shaft 4, meanwhile, the driving motor 2 is started to drive the rotating shaft 4 to enter a working state, and when the temperature indication on the computer 17 is stable, namely the fluctuation of the temperature indication within 5 minutes is less than 0.5 ℃ under the specific rotating speed and heating power, the rotating speed of the driving motor 2 or the heating power of the adjustable direct current power supply 18 is changed to carry out the heat transfer performance test of the next working condition; meanwhile, the thermal elongation of the shaft end of the rotating shaft 4 in the current thermal steady state is measured by the eddy current displacement sensor 16.
The outer ring of the front bearing 5 is completely constrained, while the outer ring of the rear bearing 14 is fixed to the sliding sleeve 19, so that the rotating shaft 4 is allowed to have freedom in the axial direction after being heated.
The flow channel of the parallel shaft rotating heat pipe cooling structure 7 consists of four channels milled on the surface of the rotating shaft 4, and the flow channel is sealed by interference fit of a layer of additional material above the channels; in the experimental process, the parallel-shaft rotating heat pipe cooling structure 7 finishes vacuumizing, liquid injection and final sealing through a miniature ball valve 15 arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft 4.
The wireless temperature measurement module 8 has communication and storage functions, has a wireless transmission function based on Wi-Fi, and can transmit temperature data acquired by the thermocouple 9 to the computer 17 in the same Wi-Fi environment for storage and display; in the test process, the wireless temperature measurement module 8 is fixed on the rotating shaft 4 through the circuit box and rotates together with the rotating shaft 4 during working.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention can test the temperature rise data of the rotating shaft 4 under the specific rotating speed and heating power when the rotating shaft 4 is filled with heat transfer fluids of different types and liquid filling rates at lower cost, and the influence of the built-in parallel shaft rotating heat pipe cooling structure 7 on the heat transfer characteristic of the rotating shaft 4 can be evaluated according to the result, and meanwhile, the measurement of the displacement of the shaft end after the rotating shaft 4 is heated can be realized to be used as the evaluation of the influence of the built-in parallel shaft rotating heat pipe cooling structure 7 on the structural performance of the rotating shaft 4. In the experimental process, the ceramic heating ring 6 is adopted to heat the front end of the rotating shaft 4, the output voltage and the current are adjusted through the adjustable direct current power supply 18 to realize different heating powers, the middle part of the rotating shaft 4 is used as a heat insulation section, heat insulation treatment is carried out on the wrapped heat insulation cotton, the rear end of the rotating shaft 4 is provided with the cooling chamber 10, and the surface of the rotating shaft 4 is subjected to impact cooling by means of compressed air. The temperature measurement of the moving part of the rotating shaft 4 is realized by a wireless temperature acquisition module 8 of a thermocouple 9 based on Wi-Fi, and the temperature measurement of the static part is completed by an NI data acquisition system and the thermocouple; meanwhile, an electric eddy current displacement sensor 16 is adopted to measure the thermal elongation of the shaft end of the rotating shaft 4; the whole system is driven by the driving motor 2, and the testing requirements of different rotating speeds can be met through the control module.
Claims (6)
1. A thermal-structural characteristic test system of a high-speed rotating shaft with a built-in parallel shaft rotating heat pipe is characterized in that: the heat pipe cooling device comprises a driving motor (2) arranged on a base (1), wherein an output shaft of the driving motor (2) is connected with the front end of a rotating shaft (4) through a coupler (3), a parallel shaft rotating heat pipe cooling structure (7) is arranged inside the rotating shaft (4), the rotating shaft (4) is supported on a bearing seat through a front bearing (5) and a rear bearing (14), and the bearing seat is arranged on the base (1);
a ceramic heating ring (6) is arranged outside the front end of the rotating shaft (4), the ceramic heating ring (6) is used for carrying out non-contact heating on the front end of the rotating shaft (4), and the ceramic heating ring (6) is powered by an adjustable direct current power supply (18);
the middle part of the rotating shaft (4) is a heat insulation section, and heat insulation is carried out by wrapping heat insulation cotton;
the rear end of pivot (4) set up cooling chamber (10), utilize compressed air to carry out forced convection cooling to cooling chamber (10) through air compressor (13), the rear end of pivot (4) is provided with eddy current displacement sensor (16), adopts thermocouple (9) to measure the surface temperature of pivot (4), the temperature measurement signal of thermocouple (9) transmits through wireless temperature measurement module (8), saves and shows on computer (17).
2. The system for testing the thermal-structural characteristics of a high-speed rotating shaft of a built-in parallel-shaft rotating heat pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the outer ring of the front bearing (5) is completely restrained, and the outer ring of the rear bearing (14) is fixed on the sliding sleeve (19), so that the rotating shaft (4) is allowed to have freedom degree along the axial direction after being heated.
3. The system for testing the thermal-structural characteristics of a high-speed rotating shaft of a built-in parallel-shaft rotating heat pipe according to claim 2, wherein: in the heat transfer test process, firstly, communication connection with a wireless temperature measuring module (8) is established on a computer (17) in a Wi-Fi environment, after signals are received stably, the front end of a rotating shaft (4) is heated through an adjustable direct current power supply (18) to expected output power, meanwhile, a driving motor (2) is started to pull the rotating shaft (4) to enter a working state, and when the temperature indication on the computer (17) is stable, namely the fluctuation of the temperature indication within 5 minutes is less than 0.5 ℃ under specific rotating speed and heating power, the rotating speed of the driving motor (2) or the heating power of the adjustable direct current power supply (18) is changed to test the heat transfer performance of the next working condition; meanwhile, the thermal elongation of the shaft end of the rotating shaft (4) in the current thermal stable state is measured by the eddy current displacement sensor (16).
4. The system for testing the thermal-structural characteristics of a high-speed rotating shaft of a built-in parallel-shaft rotating heat pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the flow channel of the parallel shaft rotating heat pipe cooling structure (7) consists of four channels milled on the surface of the rotating shaft (4), and the flow channel is sealed by interference fit of a layer of additional material above the channels; in the experimental process, the parallel shaft rotating heat pipe cooling structure (7) finishes vacuumizing, liquid injection and final sealing through a micro ball valve (15) arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft (4).
5. The system for testing the thermal-structural characteristics of a high-speed rotating shaft of a built-in parallel-shaft rotating heat pipe according to claim 1, wherein: the wireless temperature measurement module (8) has communication and storage functions, has a wireless transmission function based on Wi-Fi, and can transmit temperature data acquired by the thermocouple (9) to a computer (17) in the same Wi-Fi environment for storage and display; in the test process, the wireless temperature measurement module (8) is fixed on the rotating shaft (4) through the circuit box and rotates together with the rotating shaft (4) during working.
6. The system for testing the thermal-structural characteristics of a high-speed rotating shaft of a built-in parallel-shaft rotating heat pipe according to claim 1, wherein: and the thermocouple (9) monitors the temperature of the surfaces of the heating section and the cooling section of the rotating shaft (4).
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| CN201911374201.7A CN110988029B (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Thermal-structural characteristic testing system of high-speed rotating shaft with built-in parallel-shaft rotating heat pipe |
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| CN113358386A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-07 | 扬州大学 | Variable temperature field loading and detecting system for rotary machine |
| CN113504260A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-10-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | Experimental device for be used for rotor oil spout heat convection test |
| CN113720873A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-30 | 安徽万瑞冷电科技有限公司 | Testing system for refrigerant transmission coupling device |
| CN113865876A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-31 | 东南大学 | Turbine detection system in high-temperature environment |
| CN115406931A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-11-29 | 成都理工大学 | High-temperature heat pipe heat transfer limit experimental device and method with convenient temperature measurement box |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113865876B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2023-11-24 | 东南大学 | Detection system of turbine in high temperature environment |
| CN113720873A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-30 | 安徽万瑞冷电科技有限公司 | Testing system for refrigerant transmission coupling device |
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| CN115406931A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-11-29 | 成都理工大学 | High-temperature heat pipe heat transfer limit experimental device and method with convenient temperature measurement box |
| US11892380B1 (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2024-02-06 | Chengdu University Of Technology | Heat transfer limit experimental device of high-temperature heat pipe equipped with convenient temperature measurement box and method |
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