CN110987881A - Enzymatic reaction dual-emission fluorescent probe-based mercury ion detection method - Google Patents

Enzymatic reaction dual-emission fluorescent probe-based mercury ion detection method Download PDF

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CN110987881A
CN110987881A CN201911058100.9A CN201911058100A CN110987881A CN 110987881 A CN110987881 A CN 110987881A CN 201911058100 A CN201911058100 A CN 201911058100A CN 110987881 A CN110987881 A CN 110987881A
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laccase
opd
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由天艳
李文佳
刘�东
李玉叶
申秀丽
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Jiangsu University
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    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
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    • G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
    • G01N21/643—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" non-biological material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N2021/6417—Spectrofluorimetric devices
    • G01N2021/6419—Excitation at two or more wavelengths

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fluorescence biological detection, and discloses a mercury ion detection method based on an enzymatic reaction dual-emission fluorescent probe. In the invention, laccase can catalyze 2, 3-Diaminophenazine (DAP) generated by oxidizing o-phenylenediamine (OPD), and an inner filtering effect exists between the DAP and gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) to obtain the dual-emission fluorescent probe. And then, by using the characteristic that mercury ions have an inhibiting effect on laccase activity, the mercury ions are added to reduce the laccase activity, so that the DAP amount catalytically generated by the laccase is reduced, and the sensitive detection of the mercury ions in the actual sample is realized. The response range of the enzymatic reaction-based ratiometric fluorescence sensing method provided by the invention to mercury ions is 8.0 x 10‑7‑35×10‑6mol·L‑1Detection limit of 2.7 × 10‑ 7mol·L‑1Provides a novel enzyme-based ratio fluorescence sensing method for measuring mercury ions in actual samples.

Description

Enzymatic reaction dual-emission fluorescent probe-based mercury ion detection method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fluorescence biological detection, and particularly relates to a mercury ion detection method based on an enzymatic reaction dual-emission fluorescent probe.
Background
Mercury (Hg)2+) Hg accumulated in human body, which is classified as the most harmful heavy metal due to its toxicity2+The central nervous system can be severely damaged. For Hg2+Is sensitive toThe precipitation has become an avoidance of Hg2+The key to poisoning and ensuring human health. Therefore, Hg2+Such as atomic absorption spectroscopy, electrochemistry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and fluorescence detection. Among these methods, the fluorescence method has the advantages of high sensitivity, fast reaction, convenient use, etc., and can be used for on-site detection. In recent years, ratiometric fluorescence photometry has attracted particular attention because of its inherent advantages of high reliability and adaptability over single-emission fluorescence methods. By measuring the emission intensity of two different wavelengths and calculating the ratio, the defect of potential interference factors is effectively avoided, and the sensitivity and the accuracy of the detection method are greatly improved.
Ratiometric fluorescence sensing systems are generally based on two common mechanisms, Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) and the Internal Filtering Effect (IFE). Compared with a Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) system, the system based on the Internal Filtering Effect (IFE) has the advantages of simple synthesis and modification of fluorescent materials, no covalent connection between an energy acceptor and a donor, high sensitivity of fluorescence analysis and the like. Various fluorescent nano materials have been applied to Hg2+Such as Quantum Dots (QDs), Carbon Dots (CDs) and noble metal clusters. In recent years, fluorescent gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) attract attention due to the characteristics of molecular-like properties, high stability, easiness in synthesis and the like. Currently, Laccase (LACC) is used for catalyzing and oxidizing OPD to generate DAP and AuNCs as a dual-emission fluorescent probe, and Hg is used for passing through2+The purpose of detecting the inhibition of LACC activity is not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to develop a novel mercury ion detection method based on an enzymatic reaction dual-emission fluorescent probe. The method is realized by the following technical scheme: laccase can be used for catalyzing and oxidizing 2, 3-Diaminophenazine (DAP) generated by o-phenylenediamine (OPD), and an internal filtering effect exists between the DAP and gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) to obtain the dual-emission fluorescent probe. And then, by using the characteristic that mercury ions have an inhibiting effect on laccase activity, the mercury ions are added to reduce the laccase activity, so that the DAP amount catalytically generated by the laccase is reduced, and the sensitive detection of the mercury ions in the actual sample is realized.
A mercury ion detection method based on an enzymatic reaction dual-emission fluorescent probe comprises the following steps:
(1)Hg2+incubation with laccase in a mixed manner to inhibit laccase activity:
adding Hg of known concentration to the laccase in PBS2+A solution incubated at a specific temperature for a certain period of time;
(2) adding a PBS (phosphate buffer solution) solution of OPD (oriented protein) into the mixed solution prepared in the step (1), and after incubating the mixed solution at a specific temperature for a certain time, carrying out laccase catalytic oxidation on the OPD to generate luminous DAP;
(3) synthesizing AuNCs solution;
(4) adding the AuNCs solution prepared in the step (3) into the mixed solution prepared in the step (2) for mixing, acting for a period of time, and then detecting the fluorescence intensity of the solution at 419nm and 576nm respectively by using a fluorescence spectrophotometer at room temperature to obtain the fluorescence intensity I576/I419A standard curve of the ratio to the logarithm of the concentration of mercury ions;
the excitation wavelength of the fluorescence spectrophotometer is set to be 340nm, the width of the excitation slit is 3.3nm, and the width of the emission slit is 3.3 nm.
(5) The known Hg concentration is adjusted according to the procedures of the steps (1) to (4)2+Hg to be measured for solution2+Replacing the solution, respectively detecting the fluorescence intensity of the solution at 419nm and 576nm by a fluorescence spectrophotometer at room temperature, and calculating I576/I419And (5) substituting the ratio into the standard curve in the step (4) to obtain the concentration of the mercury ions in the solution to be detected.
Wherein, in the step (1), the concentration of the laccase in the PBS solution of the laccase is 90 mU.mL-1，Hg2+The concentration range of the solution is 8.0X 10-7-35×10-6mol·L-1；Hg2+The volume ratio of the solution to the laccase PBS solution is 5: 9; incubate at 37 ℃ for 60 min.
In the step (2), the volume ratio of the laccase PBS solution to the OPD PBS solution is 6: 5; the concentration of OPD in the PBS solution of OPD was 80. mu.M; incubate at 37 ℃ for 70 min.
In the step (3), the specific method for synthesizing the AuNCs solution comprises the following steps: adding HAuCl4(32.0mL，3.0mM) aqueous solution was heated to boiling at 140 deg.C, and 8mL (10M) of L-proline solution was quickly added dropwise to the boiling HAuCl4After stirring with heating for 10 minutes, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, centrifuged at 10000rpm for 15 minutes, and the supernatant was collected and stored at 4 ℃.
In the step (4), the volume ratio of the AuNCs solution to the OPD PBS solution is 10: 3; the action time is 3 min.
The PBS concentration was 10mM and pH 7.0.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention designs the application of enzyme-triggered internal filtration to ratiometric fluorescence;
(2) the invention provides a novel ratio fluorescence detection method based on double-signal response logic;
(3) proposed AuNCs/OPD/LACC sensing system for Hg2+The sample showed satisfactory analytical performance, with a detection limit of 0.27. mu.M (S/N-3) and a linear range of 8.0X 10-7-35×10-6mol·L-1。
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the fluorescence method of the present invention for detecting mercury ions.
FIG. 2 is a graph of fluorescence spectra of different solutions in a feasibility analysis of the fluorescence method of the present invention.
FIG. 3A is a TEM image of AuNCs; b is the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of AuNCs.
FIG. 4A is a graph of the fluorescence spectra of solutions in the presence of different concentrations of LACC; b is a fluorescence spectrum of the solution at different reaction temperatures of OPD and LACC; c is a fluorescence spectrum of the solution at different reaction pH values of the system; d is the fluorescence spectrum of the solution with different reaction times of OPD and LACC.
FIG. 5A shows different Hg concentrations2+A fluorescence spectrum of the solution in the presence of a standard solution; b is Hg2+The linear relationship between the concentration logarithm and the ratio of the fluorescence intensity.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the change in the ratio of fluorescence of a solution in the presence of various interferents.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples of the specification:
a mercury ion detection method based on an enzymatic reaction dual-emission fluorescent probe. The method is realized by the following scheme: laccase can be used for catalyzing and oxidizing 2, 3-Diaminophenazine (DAP) generated by o-phenylenediamine (OPD), and an internal filtering effect exists between the DAP and gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) to obtain the dual-emission fluorescent probe. And then, by using the characteristic that mercury ions have an inhibiting effect on laccase activity, the mercury ions are added to reduce the laccase activity, so that the DAP amount catalytically generated by the laccase is reduced, and the sensitive detection of the mercury ions in the actual sample is realized.
The feasibility analysis of the detection method is as follows:
the detection process of the detection method is shown in fig. 1, and the basic principle is as follows:
the effect of the inner filtering effect between DAP generated by catalytic oxidation of OPD by LACC and AuNCs is realized when Hg does not exist2+When present, DAP can quench the fluorescence of AuNCs due to an internal rate effect; when Hg is added into the system2+Rear, Hg2+The catalytic activity of LACC can be inhibited, resulting in a decrease in the amount of DAP produced by OPD, a decrease in the fluorescence emission peak of DAP due to the decrease in DAP, and a recovery of the fluorescence emission peak of AuNCs. Thus, Hg can be achieved by monitoring the change in the ratio of the fluorescent signals of DAP to AuNCs2+Sensitive detection of (3).
To further verify the feasibility of the protocol, changes in fluorescence before and after addition of various substances to AuNCs were examined. As shown in FIG. 2, AuNCs have a strong fluorescence signal at 419nm (curve 1); when OPD (curve 2), LACC (curve 3), Hg were added to AuNCs, respectively2+(Curve 4), OPD and Hg2+(curve 5), LACC and Hg2+(Curve 6), the fluorescence signal of AuNCs at 419nm did not change substantially, indicating that these substances alone did not affect the fluorescence signal intensity of AuNCs; the generation of DAP by mixing OPD and LACC resulted in a strong fluorescence signal at 576nm (curve 7), and when AuNCs were mixed with the mixture of OPD and LACC, the intensity of AuNCs fluorescence signal was reduced by the effect of internal rate effect between DAP and AuNCs generated by OPD and LACC (curve 8); when Hg is contained in2+When present, inhibition of LACC catalytic activity results in a decrease in the amount of DAP produced, a decrease in DAP fluorescence signal intensity, AThe intensity of the fluorescence signal of uccs was recovered (curve 9). The experiment can effectively prove that the constructed biosensing system can be used for measuring the target object Hg2+The content of (a). In FIG. 2, (1) is a fluorescence spectrum of AuNCs, (2) is a fluorescence spectrum of a mixture of AuNCs and OPD, (3) is a fluorescence spectrum of AuNCs and LACC, and (4) is a fluorescence spectrum of AuNCs and Hg2+Fluorescence spectrum of the mixed solution, and (5) AuNCs, OPD and Hg2+The fluorescence spectrum of the mixed solution is shown in (6) AuNCs, LACC and Hg2+The fluorescence spectrum of the mixed solution, (7) is the fluorescence spectrum of the mixed solution of OPD and LACC, (8) is the fluorescence spectrum of the mixed solution of AuNCs and OPD + LACC, and (9) is the fluorescence spectrum of AuNCs + OPD + LACC + Hg2+Fluorescence spectrogram of the mixed solution.
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following embodiments:
(1) determination of optimal concentration of LACC:
in steps 1 to 4, the concentration of LACC is respectively set to 20, 30, 50, 70, 90, 100, 120 mU.mL-1The change in LACC concentration and fluorescence intensity I were investigated576/I419Ratio to obtain the optimal LACC concentration. As can be seen from FIG. 4A, when the LACC concentration is 90mU/mL-1Intensity of fluorescence I576/I419The ratio tends to be smooth, so 90 mU. mL is selected-1The subsequent experiments were performed with the LACC concentration of (a). The excitation wavelength of the fluorescence spectrophotometer is set to be 340nm, the width of an excitation slit is 3.3nm, and the width of an emission slit is 3.3 nm.
(2) Determination of optimal reaction temperature of LACC with OPD:
on the basis of the optimum concentration of LACC obtained in the condition 1, the mixture of LACC and OPD was incubated at 25 ℃, 30 ℃,35 ℃, 37 ℃, 40 ℃, 45 ℃ and 50 ℃ respectively, and the fluorescence intensities of the solutions at 419nm and 576nm were measured. As can be seen from FIG. 4B, LACC showed the strongest reactivity at 37 ℃ and the largest amount of DAP produced, fluorescence intensity I576/I419The ratio reaches the highest value, and therefore 37 ℃ is selected as the optimum reaction temperature.
(3) Determination of the optimum reaction pH value of the system:
the system pH values were changed to 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 6.8, 7 based on the optimal reaction temperature of LACC and OPD obtained in condition 2.2. 7.5, 8, 8.5, 9, and measuring the fluorescence intensity of the solution at 419nm and 576 nm. As is clear from FIG. 4C, the fluorescence intensity I was observed at pH 7576/I419The ratio reached the highest value, so pH 7 was chosen as the optimum reaction pH.
(4) Determination of optimal reaction time of LACC with OPD:
on the basis of the optimal reaction pH value of the system obtained in the condition 3, the mixed solution of LACC and OPD is respectively incubated for 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min, 70min, 80min, 90min and 100min, and the fluorescence intensity of the solution at 419nm and 576nm is measured. As can be seen from FIG. 4D, LACC and OPD reacted completely within 70min, and fluorescence intensity I after 70min576/I419The ratio is no longer changed, so 70min is selected as the optimum reaction time.
Example 1
(1) To several 90. mu.L LACC solutions in PBS (laccase concentration 90mU/mL) were added 50. mu.L Hg at concentrations of 0,0.8,1,1.5,2,3.5,5,6.5,8,10,15,20, 35. mu.M, respectively2+Standard solution, incubated at 37 ℃ for 60 min.
(2) Adding 75 mu L of OPD in PBS (OPD concentration is 80 mu M) into the mixed solution prepared in the step (1), and after incubating the mixed solution at the same temperature for 70min, laccase-catalyzed oxidation of OPD to generate luminous DAP;
(3) synthesizing AuNCs solution;
adding HAuCl4(32.0mL, 3.0mM) of aqueous solution was heated to boiling at 140 deg.C, and 8mL (10M) of L-proline solution was quickly added dropwise to the boiling HAuCl4After stirring and heating for 10 minutes, the mixture was cooled to room temperature. Centrifugation was carried out at 10000rpm for 15min, and the supernatant was collected and stored at 4 ℃.
The TEM characterization result of AuNCs is shown in FIG. 3A, and the AuNCs has good monodispersity and the average particle size of 1.3 nm; the characterization result of the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of AuNCs is shown in FIG. 3B, and an obvious ultraviolet absorption peak is shown in the range of 247-415 nm, so that the successful synthesis of AuNCs is proved.
(4) Adding 250 mu L of AuNCs solution prepared in the step (3) into the mixed solution prepared in the step (2), and acting for 3 min; the fluorescence of the solution at 419nm and 576nm was detected with a fluorescence spectrophotometer at room temperatureLight intensity, the resulting spectrum is shown in FIG. 5A; obtaining the fluorescence intensity I simultaneously576/I419Ratio to Hg2+The standard curve of the concentration logarithm is shown in FIG. 5B; the linear equation is: i is576/I419＝-2.9671-0.6981 Log CHg2+Coefficient of correlation R20.9973, detection limit of 0.27 μ M (S/N: 3), linear range of 8.0 × 10-7-35×10-6mol·L-1。
(5) Replacing the mercury ion solution with known concentration with the solution to be detected according to the operations of the steps (1) - (4), detecting the fluorescence intensity of the solution at 419nm and 576nm respectively at room temperature by using a fluorescence spectrophotometer, and calculating I576/I419The ratio is 0.50601, and the standard curve in the step (4) is substituted to obtain the concentration of the mercury ions in the solution to be measured which is 10.59 multiplied by 10-6M。
Hg2+Examination of detection selectivity:
to examine the invention for detecting Hg2+Specific to Hg2+And other metal ions. The method comprises the following specific steps: in a 1.5mL centrifuge tube, 90. mu.L of 90 mU. mL-1Respectively with 50. mu.L of 5. mu.M K+、Ca2+、Fe2+、Fe3+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Ni2+、Mn2+、Cd2+、Hg2+Incubating at 37 ℃ for 60 min; then 75. mu.L of 80. mu.M OPD solution was added and incubated for 70min, and finally 250. mu.L AuNCs was added and after incubation for 3min, the fluorescence intensities of the solutions at 419nm and 576nm were measured at room temperature. As shown in FIG. 6, K of 5. mu.M+、Ca2+、Fe2+、Fe3+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Ni2+、Mn2+、Cd2+For fluorescence intensity I576/I419The ratio is substantially unaffected, only Hg is added2+Will give a fluorescence intensity I576/I419The ratio is significantly reduced. The above results show that the fluorescence sensing method can realize Hg2+Specific detection of (3).

Claims (7)

1. A mercury ion detection method based on an enzymatic reaction dual-emission fluorescent probe is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding Hg of known concentration to the laccase in PBS2+A solution incubated at a specific temperature for a certain period of time;
(2) adding a PBS (phosphate buffer solution) solution of OPD (oriented protein) into the mixed solution prepared in the step (1), and after incubating the mixed solution at a specific temperature for a certain time, carrying out laccase catalytic oxidation on the OPD to generate luminous DAP;
(3) synthesizing AuNCs solution;
(4) adding the AuNCs solution prepared in the step (3) into the mixed solution prepared in the step (2) for mixing, acting for a period of time, and then detecting the fluorescence intensity of the solution at 419nm and 576nm respectively by using a fluorescence spectrophotometer at room temperature to obtain the fluorescence intensity I576/I419A standard curve of the ratio to the logarithm of the concentration of mercury ions;
(5) the known Hg concentration is adjusted according to the procedures of the steps (1) to (4)2+Hg to be measured for solution2+Replacing the solution, respectively detecting the fluorescence intensity of the solution at 419nm and 576nm by a fluorescence spectrophotometer at room temperature, and calculating I576/I419And (5) substituting the ratio into the standard curve in the step (4) to obtain the concentration of the mercury ions in the solution to be detected.
2. The enzymatic reaction dual-emission fluorescent probe-based mercury ion detection method of claim 1, wherein the concentration of laccase in the laccase PBS solution in the step (1) is 90 mU-mL-1，Hg2+The concentration range of the solution is 8.0X 10-7-35×10-6mol·L-1；Hg2+The volume ratio of the solution to the laccase PBS solution is 5: 9; the incubation conditions were: incubate at 37 ℃ for 60 min.
3. The enzymatic reaction dual-emission fluorescent probe-based mercury ion detection method of claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the volume ratio of the laccase PBS solution to the OPD PBS solution is 6: 5; the concentration of OPD in the PBS solution of OPD was 80. mu.M; the incubation conditions were: incubate at 37 ℃ for 70 min.
4. The method for detecting mercury ions based on the enzymatic reaction dual-emission fluorescent probe as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the specific method for synthesizing AuNCs solution is as follows: 32.0mL of 3.0mM HAuCl4The aqueous solution was heated to boiling at 140 ℃ and 8mL of 10M L-proline solution was quickly added dropwise to the boiling HAuCl4After stirring with heating for 10 minutes, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, centrifuged at 10000rpm for 15 minutes, and the supernatant was collected and stored at 4 ℃.
5. The enzymatic reaction dual-emission fluorescent probe-based mercury ion detection method of claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the volume ratio of the AuNCs solution to the OPD PBS solution is 10: 3; the action time is 3 min.
6. The method for detecting mercury ions based on an enzymatically reacted dual emission fluorescent probe as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the excitation wavelength of the fluorescence spectrophotometer is set to 340nm, the excitation slit width is 3.3nm, and the emission slit width is 3.3 nm.
7. The method for detecting mercury ions based on an enzymatically-reacted dual-emission fluorescent probe as defined in claim 1, wherein the concentration of PBS is 10mM and the pH is 7.0.
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Application publication date: 20200410