CN110986061A - Tar distillation tail gas incineration process and device - Google Patents
Tar distillation tail gas incineration process and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110986061A CN110986061A CN201911333399.4A CN201911333399A CN110986061A CN 110986061 A CN110986061 A CN 110986061A CN 201911333399 A CN201911333399 A CN 201911333399A CN 110986061 A CN110986061 A CN 110986061A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
- F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tar distillation tail gas incineration process and a device, which comprises a class-C product storage tank, a class-C product absorption system, a class-A and class-B product absorption system, a temperature recording and adjusting instrument, a proportion adjusting flow recording and adjusting instrument, a pressure recording and adjusting instrument A, a breather valve, a pressure adjusting valve, a class-A and class-B product storage tank, an oxygen-containing analysis instrument, an air fan, a tail gas incinerator, a flow adjusting valve, an electromagnetic valve and a nitrogen self-supporting adjusting valve. The beneficial effects are as follows: different treatment methods are adopted according to the properties of the tail gas, so that combustible gas in the tail gas is utilized, the number of tail gas treatment is reduced, the risk potential is reduced, and the operation cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tail gas treatment in the coal coking industry, in particular to a tar distillation tail gas incineration process and a tar distillation tail gas incineration device.
Background
In the coal coking industry, tail gas of a tar distillation device is divided into four types: the first type is the tail gas of the C-type products, such as the tail gas generated by a raw material tar tank, a phenol oil tank, an oil washing tank, an anthracene oil tank, an asphalt tank and the like; the second kind is the tail gas of the B-type products, such as the tail gas generated by an industrial naphthalene tank, a high-temperature modified asphalt tank, a kerosene tank and the like; the third type is the tail gas of the class A products, such as the tail gas generated by a light oil groove and the like; the fourth type is thermal polycondensation reaction tail gas, such as tail gas after cooling the modified asphalt reaction kettle, which is non-condensable combustible gas, and the heat value of the tail gas is higher than that of coal gas through field tests.
The absorption and incineration method is the latest tail gas treatment solution advocated by the state. At present, the only domestic process for treating the tail gas of the tar distillation device by adopting an absorption method and an incineration method combines all the four types of tail gas together, washes oil and absorbs the combined tail gas, and then sends the combined tail gas to an incinerator for incineration, and all storage tanks are not sealed by nitrogen; the tail gas contains a large amount of air, the incineration process can reduce a large amount of combustion air and save fuel, but has certain risk, combustible substances in the tail gas cannot be completely removed by an absorption method before incineration, particularly, the fourth type is non-condensable combustible gas, the air and the combustible gas are mixed, the risk of backfire exists, and practices prove that the backfire accident does indeed happen in fact.
The existing tail gas treatment process of the absorption method and the incineration method basically adopts a method of adding nitrogen into a storage tank for sealing, and the tail gas is washed and then is completely sent to an incinerator for incineration, and the tail gas is not treated respectively according to the attribute of the tail gas. The tail gas amount is very large, which not only wastes a large amount of nitrogen resources, but also consumes a large amount of fuel gas. Since the reservoirs are provided with breather valves, the breather valves are indispensable for the reservoirs to function as safety valves. In practice, in many extreme cases, the risk of flashback remains, due to the untimely nitrogen replenishment, which often occurs with large air replenishment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a tar distillation tail gas incineration process and a tar distillation tail gas incineration device, which adopt different treatment methods aiming at tail gas attributes, not only utilize combustible gas in the tail gas, but also reduce the number of tail gas treatment, reduce the risk potential and reduce the operation cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a tar distillation tail gas incineration device comprises a class-C product storage tank, a class-C product absorption system, a class-A and class-B product absorption system, a temperature recording and adjusting instrument, a proportion adjusting flow recording and adjusting instrument, a pressure recording and adjusting instrument A, a breather valve, a pressure adjusting valve, a class-A and class-B product storage tank, an oxygen-containing analysis instrument, an air blower, a tail gas incinerator, a flow adjusting valve, an electromagnetic valve, a pressure adjusting valve A, a nitrogen self-supporting adjusting valve and a nitrogen self-supporting adjusting valve A, the system is characterized in that the C product storage tank is connected with a C product adsorption system through a pressure regulating valve, the C product adsorption system is connected to an air pipeline which is provided with an air fan and a proportional control flow recording and regulating instrument and is connected with a tail gas incinerator, and the position of the C product adsorption system is positioned between the air fan and the proportional control flow recording and regulating instrument; the pressure recording and adjusting instrument is arranged on the front pipeline of the pressure adjusting valve and is in linkage control with the pressure adjusting valve;
the class AB product storage tank is connected with the pressure regulating valve A and the electromagnetic valve and then is connected with the class AB product adsorption system, and the class AB product adsorption system is connected with the tail gas incinerator; the pressure recording and adjusting instrument A is arranged on a front pipeline of the pressure adjusting valve A and is in linkage control with the pressure adjusting valve A; the oxygen-containing analysis meter is arranged on a pipeline between the pressure regulating valve A and the electromagnetic valve and is in linkage control with the electromagnetic valve; the nitrogen self-supporting regulating valve and the nitrogen self-supporting regulating valve A are connected in parallel and then are connected with the storage tank of the class AB product;
the tail gas of the thermal polycondensation reaction is connected to a gas pipeline which is provided with a flow regulating valve and a flow recording regulating instrument and is connected with the tail gas incinerator, and the position of the tail gas is positioned between the flow regulating valve and the flow recording regulating instrument; the temperature recording and adjusting instrument is arranged on the tail gas incinerator;
the temperature recording and adjusting instrument and the flow adjusting valve and the flow recording and adjusting instrument are in linkage control; the proportional control flow recording and adjusting instrument is in linkage control with the air fan; the flow recording and adjusting instrument is connected with the proportional control flow recording and adjusting instrument through a data line;
and the C product storage tank and the A product storage tank are both provided with breather valves.
A tar distillation tail gas incineration process comprises the following steps:
1) c, treating tail gas of a C-type product: the liquid operation temperature of the C product does not reach the flash point, the released tail gas does not belong to explosive gas, the storage tank adopts natural breathing without adopting nitrogen sealing, the operation pressure control range of the C product storage tank is-0.2-0.4 kPa, when the pressure recording and adjusting instrument displays that the pressure is less than-0.2 kPa, air is sucked in through a breather valve, when the pressure is more than 0.4kPa, the excess C product tail gas is opened and discharged through a pressure adjusting valve and is sent to a C product adsorption system for treatment, the cleaned C product tail gas basically comprises air and a small amount of C gas, and is sent to a tail gas incinerator for incineration in the air identity, and the total amount of the tail gas entering the incinerator and needing incineration treatment is greatly reduced because the part of the tail gas accounts for more than 80 percent of the tar distillation tail gas;
2) treating tail gas of class II products: the operating pressure control range of the storage tank for the class AB products is-0.2-0.4 kPa, when the pressure recording and adjusting instrument A shows that the pressure is less than 0kPa, the nitrogen self-supporting adjusting valve A is opened to supplement nitrogen, when the pressure is less than-0.1 kPa, the nitrogen self-supporting adjusting valve A is opened to supplement nitrogen, and when the pressure is less than-0.2 kPa, air is sucked through the breather valve;
when the pressure recording and adjusting instrument A displays that the pressure is greater than 0.4kPa, the electromagnetic valve is opened, the discharged A-B product tail gas is sent to the A-B product adsorption system for treatment, and the cleaned A-B product tail gas is sent to the tail gas incinerator for incineration as the tail gas needing to be purified, so that the tempering phenomenon can not occur;
3) and (3) treating tail gas of the thermal polycondensation reaction: non-condensable combustible gas, namely the tail gas after cooling the modified asphalt, is merged into fuel gas, namely a gas pipeline, and is directly sent into an incinerator for incineration in the identity of the fuel gas, so that a large amount of gas can be saved;
4) the tail gas incinerator burns or decomposes the harmful ingredient in the middle of the tail gas through the high temperature that the burning produced at furnace, and the tail gas incinerator relates to three material gas at the operation in-process: the method comprises the following steps of firstly burning introduced thermal polycondensation reaction tail gas, namely non-condensable combustible gas, of coal gas, combustion-supporting air and tail gas to be purified, controlling the temperature of a hearth to be 900-1000 ℃ so as to ensure incineration and decomposition of harmful substances in the purified tail gas, and opening a flow regulating valve to introduce coal gas and gradually increase the coal gas amount when a temperature recording and regulating instrument displays that the temperature is less than or equal to 1000 ℃; and starting an air fan while introducing the thermal polycondensation reaction tail gas and the coal gas, preferentially introducing the C product tail gas, which is basically air, and controlling the thermal polycondensation reaction tail gas and the coal gas introduced into the tail gas incinerator and the C product tail gas and the air according to the ratio of 1:5 by using a ratio regulation flow recording and regulating instrument and a flow recording and regulating instrument.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) different treatment methods are adopted according to the properties of the tail gas, so that combustible gas in the tail gas is utilized, the number of tail gas treatment is reduced, the risk potential is reduced, and the operation cost is reduced;
2) after the tail gas of the C-type product is treated by an absorption method, basically, a small amount of C-type gas is added into the air, and the air can be completely merged into combustion air in the form of air, and because the part of the tail gas accounts for more than 80% of the total amount of the tail gas of the tar distillation device, the quantity of a large amount of the tail gas can be reduced;
3) the tail gas of class AB products, belong to the explosive gas, for the safety, all adopt the nitrogen seal, after combining the tail gas and absorbing the method to process, it is nitrogen gas and a small amount of class AB gas and class C gas basically, enter the incinerator with the identity of tail gas needing to be purified, because there is no interfusion of air, there is no risk of producing tempering;
4) the tail gas of the thermal polycondensation reaction, namely the non-condensable combustible gas, is merged into a gas pipeline and is sent into a tail gas incinerator in the fuel gas identity, so that a large amount of coal gas can be saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the process flow of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-class C product storage tank 2-class C product absorption system 3-class AB product absorption system 4-temperature recording regulating instrument 5-proportion regulating flow recording regulating instrument 6-flow recording regulating instrument 7-pressure recording regulating instrument 8-pressure recording regulating instrument A9-breather valve 10-pressure regulating valve 11-class AB product storage tank 12-oxygen-containing analytical instrument 13-air blower 14-tail gas incinerator 15-flow regulating valve 16-solenoid valve 17-pressure regulating valve A18-nitrogen self-supporting regulating valve 19-nitrogen self-supporting regulating valve A20-thermal polycondensation reaction tail gas
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in figure 1, the tar distillation tail gas incineration device comprises a class C product storage tank 1, a class C product absorption system 2, a class AB product absorption system 3, a temperature recording and adjusting instrument 4, a proportion adjusting flow recording and adjusting instrument 5, a flow recording and adjusting instrument 6, a pressure recording and adjusting instrument 7, a pressure recording and adjusting instrument A8, a breather valve 9, a pressure adjusting valve 10, a class AB product storage tank 11, an oxygen-containing analysis instrument 12, an air fan 13, a tail gas incinerator 14, a flow adjusting valve 15, an electromagnetic valve 16, a pressure adjusting valve A17, a nitrogen self-supporting adjusting valve 18 and a nitrogen self-supporting adjusting valve A19, wherein the class C product storage tank 1 is connected with the class C product adsorption system 2 through the pressure adjusting valve 10, the class C product adsorption system 2 is connected to an air pipeline which is provided with the air fan 13 and the proportion adjusting flow recording and adjusting instrument 5 and is connected with the tail gas incinerator 14, the position is between the air fan 13 and the proportional control flow recording and adjusting instrument 5; the pressure recording and adjusting instrument 7 is arranged on a front pipeline of the pressure adjusting valve 10 and is in linkage control with the pressure adjusting valve 10;
the class AB product storage tank 11 is connected with a pressure regulating valve A17 and an electromagnetic valve 16 and then is connected with a class AB product adsorption system 3, and the class AB product adsorption system 3 is connected with a tail gas incinerator 14; the pressure recording regulating instrument A8 is arranged on a pipeline in front of the pressure regulating valve A17 and is controlled in an interlocking way with the pressure regulating valve A17; the oxygen content analysis meter 12 is arranged on a pipeline between the pressure regulating valve A17 and the electromagnetic valve 16 and is controlled by the electromagnetic valve 16 in an interlocking way; the nitrogen self-supporting regulating valve 18 and the nitrogen self-supporting regulating valve A19 are connected in parallel and then are connected with the class AB product storage tank 11;
the tail gas 20 of the thermal polycondensation reaction is connected to a gas pipeline which is provided with a flow regulating valve 15 and a flow recording regulating instrument 6 and is connected with the tail gas incinerator 14, and the position of the gas pipeline is positioned between the flow regulating valve 15 and the flow recording regulating instrument 6; the temperature recording and adjusting instrument 4 is arranged on the tail gas incinerator 14;
the temperature recording adjusting instrument 4 and the flow adjusting valve 15 and the flow recording adjusting instrument 6 are controlled in an interlocking manner; the proportional control flow recording and adjusting instrument 5 and the air fan 13 are controlled in an interlocking manner; the flow recording and adjusting instrument 6 is connected with the proportional control flow recording and adjusting instrument 5 by a data line, and can transmit and compare shared data;
and the C product storage tank 1 and the A and B product storage tank 11 are both provided with breather valves 9.
A tar distillation tail gas incineration process comprises the following steps:
1) c, treating tail gas of a C-type product: the liquid operation temperature of the C product does not reach the flash point, the released tail gas does not belong to explosive gas, the storage tanks adopt natural breathing without adopting nitrogen sealing, the operation pressure control range of the C product storage tank 1 is-0.2-0.4 kPa, when the pressure recording and adjusting instrument 7 displays that the pressure is less than-0.2 kPa, air is sucked in through the breather valve 9, and when the pressure is more than 0.4kPa, the pressure is opened and the excessive C product tail gas is discharged through the pressure adjusting valve 10 and is sent to the C product adsorption system 2 for treatment, the cleaned C product tail gas basically comprises air and a small amount of C gas and is sent to the tail gas incinerator 14 for incineration in the air status, and the total amount of the tail gas which enters the incinerator and needs incineration treatment is greatly reduced because the part of the tail gas accounts for more than 80 percent of tar distillation tail gas;
2) treating tail gas of class II products: the operating pressure control range of the storage tank 11 for the AB products is-0.2-0.4 kPa, when the pressure recording and adjusting instrument A8 shows that the pressure is less than 0kPa, the nitrogen self-supporting adjusting valve A19 is opened to supplement nitrogen, when the pressure is less than-0.1 kPa, the nitrogen self-supporting adjusting valve 18 is opened to supplement nitrogen, and when the pressure is less than-0.2 kPa, air is sucked through the breather valve 9;
when the pressure recording and adjusting instrument A8 shows that the pressure is greater than 0.4kPa, the system is opened and discharges redundant class A and B product tail gas through the pressure adjusting valve A17, and when the oxygen-containing analysis instrument 12 shows that the pressure is less than 0.5 percent, the electromagnetic valve 16 is opened, the discharged class A and B product tail gas is sent to the class A and B product adsorption system 3 for treatment, and the cleaned class A and B product tail gas is sent to the tail gas incinerator 14 for incineration as the tail gas needing to be purified without backfire;
a class B product tail gas liquid operating temperature generally exceeds a flash point, the released tail gas belongs to explosive gas, a storage tank of the class A and B product tail gas liquid operating temperature generally exceeds a flash point, nitrogen sealing is adopted, in order to prevent low pressure generated under the limit (sudden change of ambient temperature, instant condensation of a large amount of steam generated by a steam sweeping pipeline and fault of a self-supporting regulating valve for supplementing nitrogen), nitrogen cannot be supplemented in time due to the limitation of the highest flow of the self-supporting regulating valve, the probability of air suction through a breather valve is reduced, two nitrogen supplementing pipelines are adopted, each pipeline is provided with a vertical nitrogen regulating valve for ensuring timely supplement of nitrogen and no air mixing of tail gas, in case of prevention, when the pressure is high, the tail gas is sent out through the regulating valve on a pipeline, an oxygen content analysis instrument is also arranged, after the oxygen content of the tail gas exceeds the standard, the sent out tail gas pipeline is closed through an electromagnetic, the tail gas components are basically nitrogen and a very small amount of methane, ethane and propane gases, and enter the incinerator in the form of tail gas to be purified without tempering;
3) and (3) treating tail gas of the thermal polycondensation reaction by 20: the main component is non-condensable combustible gas, namely tail gas after cooling the modified asphalt, and the tail gas is merged into gas, namely a gas pipeline, and is directly sent into the incinerator 14 to be incinerated in the identity of the gas, so that a large amount of gas can be saved;
4) the tail gas incinerator 14 incinerates or decomposes harmful components in tail gas through burning at high temperature that the furnace produced, and the tail gas incinerator 14 relates to three material gas in the operation process: the method comprises the following steps of firstly burning introduced thermal polycondensation reaction tail gas 20, namely non-condensable combustible gas, of coal gas, combustion-supporting air and tail gas to be purified, controlling the temperature of a hearth to be 900-1000 ℃ so as to ensure the burning and decomposition of harmful substances in the purified tail gas, opening a flow regulating valve 6 to introduce the coal gas and gradually increase the coal gas amount when a temperature recording and regulating instrument 4 displays that the temperature is less than or equal to 900 ℃, and stopping the introduction of the coal gas until the temperature recording and regulating instrument 4 displays that the temperature is less than or equal to 1000 ℃; and starting an air fan 13 while introducing the thermal polycondensation reaction tail gas 20 and the coal gas, preferentially introducing the merged C-type product tail gas, namely air basically, and controlling the flow rate of the thermal polycondensation reaction tail gas 20+ coal gas introduced into the tail gas incinerator 14 and the flow rate of the C-type product tail gas + air at a ratio of 1:5 by using a proportion regulation flow rate recording and regulating instrument 5 and a flow rate recording and regulating instrument 6.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A tar distillation tail gas incineration device comprises a class-C product storage tank, a class-C product absorption system, a class-A and class-B product absorption system, a temperature recording and adjusting instrument, a proportion adjusting flow recording and adjusting instrument, a pressure recording and adjusting instrument A, a breather valve, a pressure adjusting valve, a class-A and class-B product storage tank, an oxygen-containing analysis instrument, an air blower, a tail gas incinerator, a flow adjusting valve, an electromagnetic valve, a pressure adjusting valve A, a nitrogen self-supporting adjusting valve and a nitrogen self-supporting adjusting valve A, the system is characterized in that the C product storage tank is connected with a C product adsorption system through a pressure regulating valve, the C product adsorption system is connected to an air pipeline which is provided with an air fan and a proportional control flow recording and regulating instrument and is connected with a tail gas incinerator, and the position of the C product adsorption system is positioned between the air fan and the proportional control flow recording and regulating instrument; the pressure recording and adjusting instrument is arranged on the front pipeline of the pressure adjusting valve and is in linkage control with the pressure adjusting valve;
the class AB product storage tank is connected with the pressure regulating valve A and the electromagnetic valve and then is connected with the class AB product adsorption system, and the class AB product adsorption system is connected with the tail gas incinerator; the pressure recording and adjusting instrument A is arranged on a front pipeline of the pressure adjusting valve A and is in linkage control with the pressure adjusting valve A; the oxygen-containing analysis meter is arranged on a pipeline between the pressure regulating valve A and the electromagnetic valve and is in linkage control with the electromagnetic valve; the nitrogen self-supporting regulating valve and the nitrogen self-supporting regulating valve A are connected in parallel and then are connected with the storage tank of the class AB product;
the tail gas of the thermal polycondensation reaction is connected to a gas pipeline which is provided with a flow regulating valve and a flow recording regulating instrument and is connected with the tail gas incinerator, and the position of the tail gas is positioned between the flow regulating valve and the flow recording regulating instrument; the temperature recording and adjusting instrument is arranged on the tail gas incinerator;
the temperature recording and adjusting instrument and the flow adjusting valve and the flow recording and adjusting instrument are in linkage control; the proportional control flow recording and adjusting instrument is in linkage control with the air fan; the flow recording and adjusting instrument is connected with the proportional control flow recording and adjusting instrument through a data line;
and the C product storage tank and the A product storage tank are both provided with breather valves.
2. The process for incinerating tar distillation tail gas, according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) c, treating tail gas of a C-type product: the operating pressure control range of the C product storage tank is-0.2-0.4 kPa, when the pressure recording and adjusting instrument displays that the pressure is less than-0.2 kPa, air is sucked in through a breather valve, when the pressure is more than 0.4kPa, the C product storage tank is opened and discharges redundant C product tail gas through a pressure adjusting valve, the C product tail gas is sent to a C product adsorption system for treatment, and the cleaned C product tail gas is sent to a tail gas incinerator for incineration;
2) treating tail gas of class II products: the operating pressure control range of the storage tank for the class AB products is-0.2-0.4 kPa, when the pressure recording and adjusting instrument A shows that the pressure is less than 0kPa, the nitrogen self-supporting adjusting valve A is opened to supplement nitrogen, when the pressure is less than-0.1 kPa, the nitrogen self-supporting adjusting valve A is opened to supplement nitrogen, and when the pressure is less than-0.2 kPa, air is sucked through the breather valve;
when the pressure recording and adjusting instrument A displays that the pressure is greater than 0.4kPa, the system is opened, redundant type A and B product tail gas is discharged through the pressure adjusting valve A, and when the oxygen-containing analysis instrument displays that the pressure is less than 0.5%, the electromagnetic valve is opened, the discharged type A and B product tail gas is sent to a type A and B product adsorption system for treatment, and the cleaned type A and B product tail gas is sent to a tail gas incinerator for incineration;
3) and (3) treating tail gas of the thermal polycondensation reaction: directly sending the tail gas of the thermal polycondensation reaction into an incinerator for incineration;
4) controlling the temperature of a hearth of the tail gas incinerator to be 900-1000 ℃, when the temperature recording and adjusting instrument displays that the temperature is less than 900 ℃, opening a flow adjusting valve to introduce coal gas and gradually increasing the coal gas amount until the temperature recording and adjusting instrument displays that the temperature is less than or equal to 1000 ℃;
and starting an air fan to introduce the C product tail gas and air while introducing the thermal polycondensation reaction tail gas and the coal gas, and controlling the ratio of the flow of the thermal polycondensation reaction tail gas and the coal gas introduced into the tail gas incinerator to the flow of the C product tail gas and the air to be 1:5 by using a proportion regulation flow recording and regulating instrument and a flow recording and regulating instrument.
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| CN112082166A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-12-15 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for treating chemical tail gas |
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| CN112082166A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-12-15 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for treating chemical tail gas |
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