CN110983158B - 550 MPa-grade medium manganese steel plate and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
550 MPa-grade medium manganese steel plate and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
Abstract
The invention discloses a 550 MPa-grade medium manganese steel plate and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the medium manganese steel plate comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.03-0.06%, Mn: 3.0-3.5%, Si: 0.15-0.45%, P: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Ti: 0.01-0.05%, Ni + Cr + Mo: less than or equal to 0.3 percent, and the balance of Fe and impurities; the manufacturing method of the steel plate comprises the steps of converter smelting, LF refining, continuous casting, heating, rolling, water cooling and tempering heat treatment after molten iron desulfurization treatment. The steel plate has high strength, low yield ratio and excellent core mechanical property, and can meet the requirement of the engineering machinery field on the safety performance of the ultrahigh-strength steel under complex and severe environments; the invention takes manganese as a main alloy element, and no or little precious alloy element is added, and the manufacturing method is simple and easy to implement and has great cost advantage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metallurgy, particularly relates to a 550 MPa-grade medium manganese steel plate and a manufacturing method thereof, and particularly relates to a 550 MPa-grade medium manganese steel plate for high-strength low-yield-ratio engineering machinery and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The 550 MPa-grade high-strength steel for the engineering machinery is mainly used for engineering structures and coal machine manufacturing industries, such as large bulldozer bottom plates, hydraulic supports of automobile cranes, excavator bottom plates, hydraulic supports and the like. The steel for the high-strength engineering machinery of the grade mostly adopts the added precious metal elements such as high-content Cr, Ni, Mo and the like, has the problem of high cost, and thick products have poor hardenability, uneven structure in the thickness direction, poor low-temperature impact toughness of the steel core and over high yield ratio which is generally more than 0.94, and the over high yield ratio can cause overload instability caused by local large deformation.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a 550 MPa-grade medium manganese steel plate which has high strength, low yield ratio and excellent core mechanical property and can meet the requirements of the engineering machinery field on the safety performance and the manufacturing cost of ultrahigh-strength steel under complex and severe environments.
The invention also aims to provide a manufacturing method of the 550 MPa-level medium manganese steel plate.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention adopts the technical scheme that a 550 MPa-grade medium manganese steel plate comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.03-0.06%, Mn: 3.0-3.5%, Si: 0.15-0.45%, P: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Ti: 0.01-0.05%, Ni + Cr + Mo: less than or equal to 0.3 percent, and the balance of Fe and impurities.
Wherein the thickness of the steel plate is 30-100 mm.
Wherein the microstructure of the steel sheet is composed of tempered martensite and reverse transformed austenite.
Wherein the yield ratio of the steel plate is less than or equal to 0.86.
The preparation method of the 550 MPa-grade medium manganese steel plate comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting in a converter after the molten iron is desulfurized, and reducing the P, S content in the molten iron;
(2) LF refining is carried out to complete the alloying of C, Si, Mn, Ti, Cr, Ni and Mo elements;
(3) continuously casting to obtain a plate blank, and cleaning surface defects;
(4) heating the plate blank at 1080-1200 ℃ for 40-100 min;
(5) rolling the heated plate blank to obtain a steel plate, wherein the rolling comprises two stages, the initial rolling temperature of the first stage is less than or equal to 1030 ℃, the final rolling temperature is greater than or equal to 930 ℃, the initial rolling temperature of the second stage is less than or equal to 890 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is greater than or equal to 810 ℃;
(6) carrying out ACC cooling treatment on the rolled steel plate, wherein the cooling rate is more than or equal to 5 ℃/s;
(7) and (3) tempering the steel plate subjected to the ACC cooling treatment at the tempering temperature of 600-650 ℃, soaking for 40-100 min, and air-cooling the steel plate to normal temperature after tempering is finished to obtain the 550 MPa-level medium manganese steel plate.
Wherein in the step (1), the P, S content is respectively equal to or less than 0.010% of P and equal to or less than 0.003% of S.
Wherein in the step (3), the drawing speed of the continuous casting is less than or equal to 2.0 m/min.
Wherein in the step (6), the surface re-reddening temperature of the steel plate after the cooling treatment is less than or equal to 300 ℃.
In the step (7), when the thickness of the steel plate is less than or equal to 40mm, tempering heat treatment is required to be carried out within 72 hours after rolling; when the thickness of the steel plate is more than 40mm, tempering heat treatment is required to be carried out within 48 hours after rolling.
Among chemical components of the 550 MPa-grade medium manganese steel sheet of the present invention, C is an important strengthening element that can significantly improve the strength of the structure by interstitial solid solution strengthening and is also an important austenite stabilizing element, but in order to obtain excellent low-temperature impact toughness and weldability, the amount of C added needs to be controlled at a reasonably low level.
The chemical component Si is a deoxidizing element in the steelmaking process, and a proper amount of Si inhibits segregation of Mn and P and improves toughness; si can inhibit the formation of cementite, but the toughness is obviously reduced when the content of Si is too high, so the Si content is controlled to be 0.15-0.45%.
The invention strictly controls the contents of P and S, wherein P is less than or equal to 0.010 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, and S and Mn are easy to form MnS and reduce plasticity under the condition of adding a certain content of Mn element; p is easily segregated in the grain boundary, and the crack propagation resistance of the grain boundary is reduced, thereby reducing the toughness.
Chemical components Ti can hinder grain boundary migration at high temperature through fine and dispersed second phase precipitation, so that grains are refined and comprehensive mechanical properties are improved, and the content of Ti is controlled to be 0.01-0.05%.
According to the invention, Mn is used as a main alloying element, and the structural strength and the austenite stability of Mn can be improved remarkably through replacement solid solution strengthening. Increasing the Mn content can improve the hardenability of the steel plate, so that the steel obtains martensite in a wider cooling rate range, and further forms a small amount of reverse transformation austenite in the tempering process of the two-phase region. The tempered martensite structure can increase the strength of the steel plate, and the reverse transformation austenite structure can improve the toughness and plasticity of the steel plate.
A certain amount of Cr can generate obvious solid solution strengthening effect, and is beneficial to improving the strength of steel; a proper amount of Ni can stabilize austenite phase, improve hardenability, reduce brittle transition temperature and is beneficial to improving welding performance; mo can improve the strength of the martensite after tempering, and can weaken the grain boundary segregation of Mn in a certain content range so as to improve the toughness.
The invention adopts the medium manganese component to reduce the contents of Ni, Cr, Mo and other alloy elements in the steel, thereby greatly reducing the comprehensive cost of the steel. The Ni + Cr + Mo content is controlled within 0.3%, and the effects of the Ni + Cr + Mo are exerted without increasing the manufacturing cost. The medium manganese alloying design can effectively regulate and control the structure of the steel for the high-strength engineering machinery, and the yield ratio of the steel is obviously reduced. Through reasonable component design and structural property regulation and control, the content, size and distribution of residual austenite in the steel are accurately controlled, so that the crack arrest performance of the steel is effectively improved.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: (1) the steel plate has high strength, low yield ratio and excellent core mechanical property, and can meet the requirement of the engineering machinery field on the safety performance of the ultrahigh-strength steel under the complex severe environment; (2) the invention uses cheap Mn element to replace part of expensive Ni-Cr-Mo alloy, reduces the manufacturing cost and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a transmission electron micrograph of a steel sheet obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
A medium manganese steel medium plate for 550 MPa-grade high-strength low-yield-ratio engineering machinery is 100mm thick and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.055%, Mn: 3.47%, Si: 0.28%, P: 0.008%, S: 0.001%, Ti: 0.031%, Ni + Cr + Mo: 0.29%, the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements.
The steel plate is prepared by the following method:
(1) the molten iron is smelted in a converter after being desulfurized, and the P content in the molten iron is reduced to 0.008 percent and the S content is reduced to 0.001 percent;
(2) LF refining is carried out to complete the alloying of the required mass fraction of each element;
(3) adopting a continuous casting mode, and drawing at the speed of 1.8m/min to obtain a plate blank with the thickness of 320 mm;
(4) heating the plate blank to 1180 ℃, and soaking for 90 min;
(5) rolling the heated plate blank, wherein the initial rolling temperature of the first stage is 1020 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 965 ℃, the initial rolling temperature of the second stage is 885 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 843 ℃, and the thickness of the rolled steel plate is 100 mm;
(6) water cooling the rolled steel plate, wherein the cooling rate is more than or equal to 5 ℃/s, the average cooling rate is 7.1 ℃/s, and the surface re-reddening temperature of the cooled steel plate is lower than 200 ℃;
(7) and conveying the rolled steel plate to a heat treatment furnace within 48 hours, immediately carrying out tempering heat treatment at the tempering temperature of 650 ℃, soaking for 100min, and air-cooling the tempered steel plate to the normal temperature.
Fig. 1 is a transmission electron micrograph of the steel plate obtained in this example after the high temperature deformation tempering at 1015 ℃, and it can be seen that the microstructure of the steel plate is composed of martensite and a small amount of reverse transformation austenite which are distributed at intervals, wherein the light color contrast is martensite and the dark color contrast is austenite. The tempered martensite can ensure the high strength of the steel plate, and a small amount of reverse transformed austenite can have good plasticity and toughness under the condition of ensuring the high strength of the steel plate.
Example 2
A medium manganese steel medium plate for 550 MPa-grade high-strength low-yield-ratio engineering machinery is 50mm thick and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.06%, Mn: 3.5%, Si: 0.15%, P: 0.010%, S: 0.003%, Ti: 0.05%, Ni + Cr + Mo: 0.3%, the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements.
The steel plate is prepared by the following method:
(1) the molten iron is smelted in a converter after being desulfurized, and the P content and the S content in the molten iron are reduced to 0.010 percent and 0.003 percent respectively;
(2) LF refining is carried out to complete the alloying of the required mass fraction of each element;
(3) adopting a continuous casting mode, and drawing at the speed of 1.6m/min to obtain a plate blank with the thickness of 320 mm;
(4) heating the plate blank to 1200 ℃, and soaking for 100 min;
(5) rolling the heated plate blank, wherein the initial rolling temperature of the first stage is 1030 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 930 ℃, the initial rolling temperature of the second stage is 890 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 810 ℃, and the thickness of the rolled steel plate is 50 mm;
(6) water cooling the rolled steel plate, wherein the cooling rate is more than or equal to 5 ℃/s, the average cooling rate is 7.3 ℃/s, and the surface re-reddening temperature of the cooled steel plate is lower than 300 ℃;
(7) and conveying the rolled steel plate to a heat treatment furnace within 48 hours, immediately carrying out tempering heat treatment at the tempering temperature of 635 ℃ for 95min, and air-cooling the tempered steel plate to the normal temperature.
Example 3
A medium manganese steel medium plate for 550 MPa-grade high-strength low-yield-ratio engineering machinery is 30mm thick and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.03%, Mn: 3.0%, Si: 0.45%, P: 0.009%, S: 0.001%, Ti: 0.01%, Ni + Cr + Mo: 0.25%, the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements.
The steel plate is prepared by the following method:
(1) the molten iron is smelted in a converter after being desulfurized, and the P content and the S content in the molten iron are reduced to 0.009% and 0.001%, respectively;
(2) LF refining is carried out to complete the alloying of the required mass fraction of each element;
(3) adopting a continuous casting mode, and drawing at the speed of 1.6m/min to obtain a plate blank with the thickness of 260 mm;
(4) heating the plate blank to 1080 ℃, and soaking for 40 min;
(5) rolling the heated plate blank, wherein the initial rolling temperature of the first stage is 1015 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 935 ℃, the initial rolling temperature of the second stage is 870 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 816 ℃, and the thickness of the rolled steel plate is 30 mm;
(6) water cooling the rolled steel plate, wherein the cooling rate is more than or equal to 5 ℃/s, the average cooling rate is 10.3 ℃/s, and the surface re-reddening temperature of the cooled steel plate is lower than 200 ℃;
(7) and conveying the rolled steel plate to a heat treatment furnace within 72 hours for immediate tempering heat treatment, wherein the tempering temperature is 600 ℃, the soaking time is 40min, and the tempered steel plate is air-cooled to the normal temperature.
Table 1 shows the technical requirements of Q550M steel in GB/T1591-2018 standard low-alloy high-strength structural steel.
The steel sheets obtained in examples 1 to 3 were examined for their comprehensive mechanical properties at 1/4 parts and at the center part of the thickness of the steel sheet, which are represented by 1/4t and 1/2t, respectively, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1 technical requirements of Q550M steel in GB/T1591-2018 standard low-alloy high-strength structural steel
TABLE 2 comprehensive mechanical properties of the steel sheets obtained in examples 1 to 3
The steel components designed by the invention and the prepared medium manganese steel plate have good hardenability, and tempered martensite and a small amount of reverse transformation austenite are arranged in the whole thickness direction. As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the thickness of the medium manganese steel plate is less than 100mm, the mechanical property of the medium manganese steel plate can meet the technical requirements of the GB/T1591-2018 standard on low-alloy high-strength structural steel Q550M steel, and meanwhile, the medium manganese steel plate has excellent comprehensive mechanical property and meets the condition that the yield ratio is not more than 0.86; mn is used as a main alloy element, no precious alloy element or less precious alloy element is added, the cost per ton of steel is reduced by more than thousand yuan compared with that of the traditional high-strength steel with the same grade, and the high-strength steel has great cost advantage. Therefore, the invention has excellent comprehensive mechanical property and great cost advantage, and can meet the requirements of the engineering machinery field on the safety performance and the manufacturing cost of the ultrahigh-strength steel under the complicated and severe environment.
Claims (1)
1. A550 MPa-grade medium manganese steel plate is characterized in that: the thickness is 30-100 mm; the weight percentage content of the chemical components is C: 0.03-0.06%, Mn: 3.0-3.5%, Si: 0.15-0.45%, P: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Ti: 0.01-0.05%, Ni + Cr + Mo: less than or equal to 0.29 percent, and the balance of Fe and impurities;
the microstructure of the steel plate consists of tempered martensite and reversed austenite;
the yield ratio of the steel plate is less than or equal to 0.86;
the preparation method of the steel plate comprises the following steps:
(1) after molten iron desulfurization treatment, smelting in a converter, and reducing the P, S content in the molten iron to less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P and less than or equal to 0.003 percent of S;
(2) LF refining is carried out to complete the alloying of C, Si, Mn, Ti, Cr, Ni and Mo elements;
(3) continuously casting to obtain a plate blank, wherein the drawing speed is less than or equal to 2.0 m/min; cleaning surface defects;
(4) heating the plate blank at 1080-1200 ℃ for 40-100 min;
(5) rolling the heated plate blank to obtain a steel plate, wherein the rolling comprises two stages, the initial rolling temperature of the first stage is less than or equal to 1030 ℃, the final rolling temperature is greater than or equal to 930 ℃, the initial rolling temperature of the second stage is less than or equal to 890 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is greater than or equal to 810 ℃;
(6) carrying out ACC cooling treatment on the rolled steel plate, wherein the cooling rate is more than or equal to 5 ℃/s, and the surface red returning temperature of the steel plate is less than or equal to 300 ℃;
(7) tempering the steel plate after the ACC cooling treatment at 600-650 ℃ for 40-100 min, and air-cooling the steel plate to normal temperature after tempering; wherein, when the thickness of the steel plate is less than or equal to 40mm, the tempering heat treatment is required to be carried out within 72 hours after rolling; when the thickness of the steel plate is more than 40mm, tempering heat treatment is required to be carried out within 48 hours after rolling.
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