CN110982506A - Integrated recyclable mixable fracturing fluid and construction method - Google Patents
Integrated recyclable mixable fracturing fluid and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110982506A CN110982506A CN201911277162.9A CN201911277162A CN110982506A CN 110982506 A CN110982506 A CN 110982506A CN 201911277162 A CN201911277162 A CN 201911277162A CN 110982506 A CN110982506 A CN 110982506A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/68—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/685—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds containing cross-linking agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/84—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/86—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/88—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
- C09K8/882—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-gas field fracturing, and particularly relates to an integrated recyclable mixable fracturing fluid and a construction method. The invention is formed by mixing 0.08-2.0% of thickening agent and the balance of water; the thickening agent is a mixture formed by combining 2-5% of viscoelastic surfactant and 95-98% of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide by mass percent. The invention does not need to prepare liquid in advance and continuous mixing vehicles, realizes direct mixing and continuous construction, and has no residual liquid on site after the construction is finished; the invention can be repeatedly prepared by using the on-site fracturing flow-back fluid, thereby solving the difficult problem of difficult treatment of the on-site flow-back fluid; the invention has the advantages of direct mixing and continuous construction, no need of a continuous mixing vehicle and no need of liquid preparation, thereby reducing the labor intensity and improving the construction efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-gas field fracturing, and particularly relates to an integrated recyclable mixable fracturing fluid and a construction method.
Background
In recent years, the demand of oil and gas resources in China is increasing. The yield-increasing development of oil and gas resources faces a great challenge of accelerating and improving the efficiency, how to simplify the fracturing construction process is very important, and efficient and environment-friendly fracturing construction operation is the key for ensuring the high-quality and high-speed development of a gas field.
The existing fracturing fluid has the following problems that ① thickening agent is dry powder type, the continuous blending vehicle is needed to carry out real-time liquid blending, the working procedure is complex, after ② liquid blending construction is finished, the fracturing fluid remains on site, ③ is based on the technical requirements of oil and gas field clean production, the environmental protection problem is increasingly prominent, particularly the problem of reverse waste liquid discharge treatment of the fracturing fluid, and the ground environmental protection pressure is huge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid and a construction method, and aims to provide an integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid and a construction method, which do not need to prepare the fluid in advance, do not need a continuous mixing vehicle, realize direct mixing and continuous construction, have no residual fluid on site after construction, and can be repeatedly prepared by using on-site fracturing flow-back fluid so as to solve the difficult treatment problem of the on-site flow-back fluid, thereby reducing the labor intensity and improving the construction efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.08 to 2.0 percent of thickening agent and the balance of water; the thickening agent is a mixture formed by combining 2-5% of viscoelastic surfactant and 95-98% of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide by mass percent.
Also comprises a gel breaker; the weight percentage of the gel breaker is 0.01-0.04%.
The gel breaker is any one or combination of any more of an alcohol solvent, an organic solvent or peroxide.
The organic solvent is one or the combination of two of kerosene or diesel oil; the peroxide is any one or combination of any several of hydrogen peroxide, sodium persulfate or ammonium persulfate.
Also comprises a reinforcing agent; the weight percentage of the reinforcing agent is 0.3-0.5%.
The reinforcing agent is any one or combination of any several of zirconium sorbate, zirconium lactate, aluminum oxalate, aluminum citrate, titanium glycerolate and titanium isopropoxide.
The thickening agent is liquid and has a shear rate of 170s-1The viscosity is less than 100 mPas.
The partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is water-in-oil hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, water-in-water hydrolyzed polyacrylamide or suspension type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, wherein the mass percentage concentration of the hydrolyzed polyacrylamide in the water-in-oil hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, the water-in-water hydrolyzed polyacrylamide or the suspension type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is 20-40%, and the molecular weight range is 100-2000 ten thousand.
The viscoelastic surfactant is prepared by mixing one or more of oleamide, stearic acid amide, erucic acid betaine, erucic acid amide and alkyl glycoside.
The construction method of the integrated recoverable mixable fracturing fluid comprises the following steps
The method comprises the following steps: weighing the components
Weighing a thickening agent, a reinforcing agent, a gel breaker and water according to the weight percentage of the components in the formula;
step two: preparation of fracturing fluid
Mixing the thickening agent, the water and the gel breaker weighed in the step one in a mixing tank of a sand mixer, stirring for 10-20s, and directly entering a fracturing flow; or the mixed liquid is mixed with the reinforcing agent at the outlet of the stirring tank and then enters the fracturing flow, and the delay time in the flow is 30-40 s;
step three: fracturing construction
Performing fracturing construction and open flow;
step four: oil gas water sand separation
After the third step is finished, recovering and separating oil gas water sand generated in the blowout prevention process;
step five: recycle of flowback fluid
And (4) recovering the oil, gas and sand separated in the step four, and directly replacing clear water in the step one with separated flowback liquid for fracturing construction again.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the invention does not need to prepare liquid in advance and continuous mixing vehicles, realizes direct mixing and continuous construction, and has no residual liquid on site after the construction is finished;
(2) the invention can utilize the on-site fracturing flow-back fluid to be repeatedly prepared, and solves the problem that the on-site flow-back fluid is difficult to treat;
(3) the invention has the advantages of direct mixing and continuous construction, no need of liquid preparation, reduced labor intensity and improved construction efficiency;
(4) the invention has the advantages of direct mixing and continuous construction, no need of a continuous mixing vehicle, reduced labor intensity, simplified fracturing procedure and effectively improved construction efficiency.
(5) The fracturing fluid is an integrated single liquid fracturing fluid integrating 'tackifying, drainage assisting and clay expansion preventing', liquid preparation in advance and continuous mixing vehicles are not needed, online real-time conversion of low-viscosity slickwater and high-viscosity sand carrying fluid can be realized, and the volume fracturing construction efficiency of mixed water is greatly improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to clearly understand the technical solutions of the present invention and to implement the technical solutions according to the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic of the rheological profile of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of drag reduction versus displacement for slickwater fracturing fluids;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the effect of proppant settling experiments in 20min when the proppant concentration is 10% in the fracturing fluid of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the effect of proppant settling experiments in 20min when the proppant concentration is 20% in the fracturing fluid of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the effect of proppant settling experiments in 20min when the proppant concentration is 30% in the fracturing fluid of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.08 to 2.0 percent of thickening agent and the balance of water; the thickening agent is a mixture formed by combining 2-5% of viscoelastic surfactant and 95-98% of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide by mass percent.
Preferably, the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is water-in-oil hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, water-in-water hydrolyzed polyacrylamide or suspension type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, wherein the mass percentage concentration of the hydrolyzed polyacrylamide in the water-in-oil hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, the water-in-water hydrolyzed polyacrylamide or the suspension type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is 20-40%, and the molecular weight range is 100-2000 ten thousand.
Preferably, the viscoelastic surfactant is one or a mixture of any of oleamide, stearamide, erucic betaine, erucamide and alkyl glycoside.
In actual use, the invention does not need to prepare liquid in advance or a continuous mixing vehicle, realizes direct mixing and continuous construction, has no residual liquid on site after construction, does not need the continuous mixing vehicle, reduces labor intensity, simplifies fracturing procedures and effectively improves construction efficiency. The invention can utilize the on-site fracturing flow-back fluid to be repeatedly prepared, and solves the problem that the on-site flow-back fluid is difficult to treat.
In the actual construction process, the thickening agent of the invention can be mixed with water in different proportions to prepare the integrated recyclable mixable slickwater or linear gel fracturing fluid, and can be mixed with a reinforcing agent to prepare the cross-linked gel fracturing fluid.
Example two:
on the basis of the first embodiment, the total solution mass of the prepared integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid is measured, wherein: 0.1 percent of thickening agent and the balance of water.
The partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide in the thickening agent accounts for 95% of the total mass of the thickening agent, the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is water-in-oil hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, the effective content of the hydrolyzed polyacrylamide in the water-in-oil hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is 27%, and the molecular weight is 1800 ten thousand.
The viscoelastic surfactant in the thickening agent accounts for 5% of the total mass of the thickening agent.
According to the formula, the thickening agent is added into water by adopting a conventional mixing method in the field, and stirring is carried out for 5s at the rotating speed of 1000 r/min, so as to prepare the integrated recyclable and mixable slickwater fracturing fluid. The prepared fracturing fluid has the viscosity of 2-5mm2And/s, the friction drag reduction rate is more than 70 percent.
The low-viscosity slickwater fracturing fluid system formed by the invention only has one additive, the viscosity of the gel breaking liquid is less than 5mPa & s, the surface tension is less than 28mN/m, the anti-swelling rate of the clay is more than 75%, and the industrial standard technical requirements of the slickwater fracturing fluid are met.
The invention establishes an integrated recyclable mixable fracturing fluid technical construction process flow, does not need to prepare fluid in advance or a continuous mixing vehicle, can realize the online real-time conversion of low-viscosity slick water and high-viscosity sand-carrying fluid, meets the technical requirements of different fracturing technologies, and greatly improves the fracturing construction efficiency of mixed water volume.
Example three:
on the basis of the first embodiment, the total solution mass of the prepared integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid is measured, wherein: 1.5% of thickening agent, 0.01% of gel breaker and the balance of water;
the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide in the thickening agent accounts for 98% of the total mass of the thickening agent, the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is suspension type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, the effective content of the hydrolyzed polyacrylamide in the suspension type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is 20%, and the molecular weight is 1800 ten thousand.
The viscoelastic surfactant in the thickening agent accounts for 2% of the total mass of the thickening agent.
The gel breaker is formed by combining an alcohol solvent, kerosene, hydrogen peroxide, sodium persulfate and ammonium persulfate.
According to the formula, the thickening agent is added into clear water by adopting a conventional mixing method in the field, the rotating speed is 1500 rpm, the mixture is stirred for 15s, and then the viscosity of the integrated recyclable mixable linear gel fracturing fluid is prepared, wherein the viscosity of the fracturing fluid is more than 80mPa & s, the viscosity can reach 93% of the final viscosity, and the friction reduction rate is more than 60%.
When in actual use, the integrated high-viscosity sand-carrying fracturing fluid prepared by the invention is dissolved in water for 15-20s, so that the technical requirements of on-line mixing construction are met; the viscosity of the high-viscosity sand-carrying fracturing fluid is greater than 80mPa & s, the static settlement rate of the propping agent is 0.02cm/s, the concentration of the propping agent can be effectively improved, the sand adding strength is improved, and a supporting crack with stronger flow conductivity is formed; the integrated high-viscosity sand-carrying fracturing fluid system only has one additive, the viscosity of a gel breaking liquid is less than 5mPa & s, the surface tension is less than 27mN/m, the clay anti-swelling rate is more than 85%, and the industrial standard technical requirements of the water-based fracturing fluid are met.
The invention establishes an integrated recyclable mixable fracturing fluid technical construction process flow, does not need to prepare the fracturing fluid in advance or continuously mix vehicles, can realize the online real-time conversion of the low-viscosity slickwater and the high-viscosity sand-carrying fluid, meets the technical requirements of different fracturing technologies, and greatly improves the fracturing construction efficiency of mixed water volume.
Example four:
on the basis of the first embodiment, the integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid further comprises a reinforcing agent and a gel breaker; the weight percentage of the reinforcing agent and the gel breaker is 0.3-0.5% of the reinforcing agent and 0.01-0.04% of the gel breaker.
Preferably, the gel breaker is any one or combination of any more of an alcohol solvent, an organic solvent or peroxide.
Preferably, the organic solvent is one or the combination of kerosene or diesel oil; the peroxide is any one or combination of any several of hydrogen peroxide, sodium persulfate or ammonium persulfate.
Preferably, the reinforcing agent is any one or combination of any several of zirconium sorbate, zirconium lactate, aluminum oxalate, aluminum citrate, titanium glycerolate and titanium isopropoxide.
In actual use, the invention does not need to prepare liquid in advance or a continuous mixing vehicle, realizes direct mixing and continuous construction, has no residual liquid on site after construction, does not need the continuous mixing vehicle, reduces labor intensity, simplifies fracturing procedures and effectively improves construction efficiency. The invention can utilize the on-site fracturing flow-back fluid to be repeatedly prepared, and solves the problem that the on-site flow-back fluid is difficult to treat.
Example five:
on the basis of the fourth embodiment, based on the mass of the total solution of the prepared integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid: 0.8% of thickening agent, 0.3% of reinforcing agent, 0.01% of gel breaker and the balance of water.
The thickening agent is a mixture of a viscoelastic surfactant and partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, wherein the viscoelastic surfactant is formed by mixing oleamide and stearic amide, the oleamide and the stearic amide respectively account for 2% and 1% of the total mass of the thickening agent, and the hydrolyzed polyacrylamide accounts for 97% of the total mass of the thickening agent.
The hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is any one or combination of any several of water-in-oil hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, water-in-water hydrolyzed polyacrylamide or suspension type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, the mass percentage concentration of the hydrolyzed polyacrylamide in the water-in-oil hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, the water-in-water hydrolyzed polyacrylamide or the suspension type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is 40%, and the molecular weight range is 100-2000 ten thousand.
The gel breaker is a composition of an alcohol solvent, kerosene and diesel oil; the peroxide is hydrogen peroxide.
When the thickening agent is actually used, the thickening agent is a single liquid additive integrating 'thickening, drainage assisting and clay expansion preventing', and the thickening agent is thickened when meeting water, so that the construction organization is greatly simplified, and the construction efficiency is improved.
The integrated crosslinked gel fracturing fluid prepared by the invention can be dissolved in water for 15-25s and crosslinked for 20-30s, and meets the technical requirements of on-line blending construction.
The viscosity of the integrated crosslinked gel fracturing fluid prepared by the method is more than 200 mPa.s, the static settlement rate of the propping agent is 0.008cm/s, and the concentration of the propping agent can be effectively improved to be more than 480kg/cm3And high sand adding strength is realized, and a high-flow-conductivity supporting crack is formed near the shaft.
The integrated gel prepared by the invention is provided with a thickening agent and a reinforcing agent, the fracturing fluid can resist the temperature of 100 ℃, the viscosity of a gel breaking liquid is less than 5mPa & s, the surface tension is less than 28mN/m, the clay anti-swelling rate is more than 86%, and the industrial standard technical requirements of the water-based fracturing fluid are met.
The invention establishes an integrated recyclable mixable fracturing fluid technical construction process flow, does not need to prepare fluid in advance or a continuous mixing vehicle, can realize the online real-time conversion of low-viscosity slick water and high-viscosity sand-carrying fluid, meets the technical requirements of different fracturing technologies, and greatly improves the fracturing construction efficiency of mixed water volume.
Example six:
on the basis of the fourth embodiment, based on the mass of the total solution of the prepared integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid: 1.0% of thickening agent, 0.5% of reinforcing agent, 0.04% of gel breaker and the balance of water.
The thickening agent is formed by mixing a viscoelastic surfactant and partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide; the viscoelastic surfactant in the thickening agent adopts erucic acid betaine which accounts for 1% of the total mass of the thickening agent, and the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide in the thickening agent accounts for 99% of the total mass of the thickening agent.
The partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is composed of one or more of water-in-oil type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, water-in-water type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide or suspension type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, the effective mass percentage concentration of the hydrolyzed polyacrylamide in the water-in-oil type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, the water-in-water type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide or the suspension type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is 40%, and the molecular weight range is 100-2000 ten thousand.
The gel breaker is formed by combining an alcohol solvent, kerosene, hydrogen peroxide, sodium persulfate and ammonium persulfate.
When in actual use, the integrated high-viscosity sand-carrying fracturing fluid prepared by the method has the dissolving time of 20-35s in water and the crosslinking time of 30-40s, and meets the technical requirements of on-line mixing construction; the viscosity of the high-viscosity sand-carrying fracturing fluid is greater than 400mPa & s, the static settlement rate of the propping agent is 0.0002cm/s, the concentration of the propping agent can be effectively improved, and the concentration of the propping agent can be effectively improved to be greater than 600kg/cm3The sand adding strength is improved, and a supporting crack with stronger flow conductivity is formed; the integrated high-viscosity sand-carrying fracturing fluid system only contains one additive, the fracturing fluid can resist the temperature of 120 ℃, the viscosity of a gel breaking liquid is less than 5 mPa.s, the surface tension is less than 26mN/m, the clay anti-swelling rate is more than 84%, and the industrial standard technical requirements of the water-based fracturing fluid are met.
The invention establishes an integrated recyclable mixable fracturing fluid technical construction process flow, does not need to prepare the fracturing fluid in advance or continuously mix vehicles, can realize the online real-time conversion of the low-viscosity slickwater and the high-viscosity sand-carrying fluid, meets the technical requirements of different fracturing technologies, and greatly improves the fracturing construction efficiency of mixed water volume.
Example seven:
on the basis of the fourth embodiment, based on the mass of the total solution of the prepared integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid: 1% of thickening agent, 0.4% of reinforcing agent, 0.03% of gel breaker and the balance of water.
The thickening agent is formed by mixing a viscoelastic surfactant and partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide; the viscoelastic surfactant in the thickening agent adopts erucamide which accounts for 2 percent of the total mass of the thickening agent; the partial polyacryl in the thickening agent accounts for 98 percent of the total mass ratio of the thickening agent.
Wherein the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is formed by one or the combination of any more of water-in-oil polyacrylamide, water-in-water polyacrylamide or suspension polyacrylamide with the effective mass percentage concentration of the hydrolyzed polyacrylamide being 30 percent, and the molecular weight range is 100-2000 ten thousand.
The reinforcing agent is any one or combination of any more of zirconium sorbate, zirconium lactate, aluminum oxalate, aluminum citrate, titanium glycerolate and titanium isopropoxide.
The gel breaker is formed by combining diesel oil and sodium persulfate.
When the thickening agent is actually used, the thickening agent is a single liquid additive integrating 'thickening, drainage assisting and clay expansion preventing', and the thickening agent is thickened when meeting water, so that the construction organization is greatly simplified, and the construction efficiency is improved.
The integrated crosslinked gel fracturing fluid prepared by the invention can be dissolved in water for 20-30s and crosslinked for 30-40s, and meets the technical requirements of on-line blending construction.
The viscosity of the integrated crosslinked gel fracturing fluid prepared by the method is more than 280 mPa.s, the static settlement rate of the propping agent is 0.0004cm/s, and the concentration of the propping agent can be effectively improved to be more than 500kg/cm3And high sand adding strength is realized, and a high-flow-conductivity supporting crack is formed near the shaft.
The integrated gel prepared by the invention is fractured by a thickening agent and a reinforcing agent, the fracturing fluid can resist the temperature of 110 ℃, the viscosity of a gel breaking liquid is less than 5mPa & s, the surface tension is less than 27mN/m, the clay anti-swelling rate is more than 85 percent, and the industrial standard technical requirements of the water-based fracturing fluid are met.
The invention establishes the technical construction process flow of the integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid based on the integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid, does not need to prepare the fluid in advance or continuously mix vehicles, can realize the online real-time conversion of low-viscosity slickwater and high-viscosity sand-carrying fluid, meets the technical requirements of different fracturing technologies, and greatly improves the volumetric fracturing construction efficiency of mixed water.
Example eight:
on the basis of the fourth embodiment, based on the mass of the total solution of the prepared integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid: 0.5% of thickening agent, 0.5% of reinforcing agent, 0.02% of gel breaker and the balance of water.
The thickening agent is formed by mixing a viscoelastic surfactant and partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide; the viscoelastic surfactant in the thickening agent adopts alkyl glycoside group which accounts for 5 percent of the total mass of the thickening agent; the partially hydrolyzed polyacryl in the thickener accounts for 95 percent of the total mass of the thickener.
Wherein the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is formed by any one or combination of any more of water-in-oil polyacrylamide, water-in-water polyacrylamide or suspension polyacrylamide with the effective mass percentage concentration of 28 percent of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, and the molecular weight range is 100-2000 ten thousand.
The gel breaker is formed by combining an alcohol solvent, diesel oil and ammonium persulfate.
In actual use, the low-viscosity linear gel fracturing fluid prepared from the low-concentration thickening agent is dissolved in water for 10-15s and the crosslinking time is 30-40 s; the viscosity of the low-viscosity linear gel fracturing fluid system is more than 120mPa & s, the friction reduction rate is more than 65%, the construction pressure can be effectively reduced, the construction discharge capacity is improved, and the reservoir transformation volume is increased; the formed low-viscosity linear gel fracturing fluid system only has one additive, the viscosity of a gel breaking fluid is less than 5mPa & s, the surface tension is less than 27mN/m, the clay anti-swelling rate is more than 78%, and the technical requirement of mixed water fracturing is met.
The invention establishes the technical construction process flow of the integrated recoverable mixable fracturing fluid based on the integrated recoverable mixable fracturing fluid, does not need to prepare the fluid in advance or continuously mix the vehicle, can realize the online real-time conversion of the low-viscosity slickwater and the high-viscosity sand-carrying fluid, meets the technical requirements of different fracturing technologies, and greatly improves the volumetric fracturing construction efficiency of mixed water.
Example nine:
on the basis of the fourth embodiment, the total solution mass of the prepared integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid is measured, wherein: 0.5 percent of thickening agent, 0.3 percent of reinforcing agent, 0.04 percent of gel breaker and the balance of water.
The thickening agent is formed by mixing a viscoelastic surfactant and partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide; the thickening agent adopts water-in-oil type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, the effective content of the hydrolyzed polyacrylamide in the water-in-oil type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is 30 percent, and the molecular weight is 1800 ten thousand.
The reinforcing agent adopts aluminum citrate, and the effective content of the aluminum citrate is 8 percent;
according to the formula, the thickening agent is added into clear water by adopting a conventional mixing method in the field, the rotating speed is 1500 rpm, the reinforcing agent is added after the stirring is carried out for 20s, and the stirring is carried out for 30s-60s, so that the integrated recoverable cross-linkable gel fracturing fluid is formed.
Example ten:
examples of specific Experimental validation
499.0g of clear water is added with 0.98g of water-in-oil hydrolyzed polyacrylamide and 0.02g of elastic surfactant, and the mixture is stirred for 1min at the rotating speed of 1000 r/min by a Wuen stirrer, thus obtaining the integrated recoverable and mixable slickwater fracturing fluid.
Measuring the kinematic viscosity of the slickwater fracturing fluid by using a capillary viscometer to be 3.24mm2(s), surface tension 25.14 mNm. Compared with clean water, the resistance reduction rate of slick water tested in a pipeline friction resistance instrument reaches 70 percent (the flow rate is 600kg/h, the diameter of the pipeline is 10 mm). As shown in fig. 3.
Example eleven:
examples of specific Experimental validation
9.5g of suspended hydrolyzed polyacrylamide and 0.5g of elastic surfactant are added into 490.0g of clear water, and the mixture is stirred for 1min by a Wuen stirrer at the rotating speed of 1500 revolutions per minute, so that the integrated recoverable and mixable linear gel fracturing fluid can be obtained.
① solubility tackifying property
After stirring for 20s, the viscosity can reach 93 percent of the final viscosity, the tackifying speed is high, and the direct blending requirement is met. The experimental data are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Linear gel fracturing fluid viscosity vs. time relationship
② static sand carrying performance
When the concentrations of the propping agents of the linear gel fracturing fluid are respectively 10%, 20% and 30%, the propping agents do not have obvious sedimentation phenomenon within 20min, and the linear gel fracturing fluid shows good sand carrying performance. The experimental results are shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6.
③ high temperature and shear resistance
The linear gel fracturing fluid has good temperature resistance and shear resistance, the viscosity is kept above 60 mPa.s by continuous shearing for 80min at 100 ℃ and 170s < -1 >, and the rheological curve is shown in figure 2. 0.1g of ammonium persulfate as a gel breaker is added, and gel breaking is carried out at the temperature of 95 ℃ for 1 h.
Example twelve:
examples of specific Experimental validation
490.0g of clear water is mixed with 4.8g of suspended hydrolyzed polyacrylamide and 0.2g of elastic surfactant, stirred for 1min at the rotation speed of 1500 rpm of a Wuen stirrer, and then 1.5g of aluminum citrate cross-linking agent is added, so that the integrated recoverable cross-linked gel fracturing fluid capable of being mixed and adjusted can be obtained.
The linear gel fracturing fluid has good temperature resistance and shearing resistance, the viscosity is kept above 170 mPa.s after continuous shearing for 120min at 100 ℃ and 170s < -1 >, 0.1g of ammonium persulfate serving as a gel breaker is added, and gel breaking is carried out at 95 ℃ for 2 hours.
Example thirteen:
the construction method of the integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid shown in figure 1 comprises the following steps
The method comprises the following steps: weighing the components
Weighing a thickening agent, a reinforcing agent, a gel breaker and water according to the weight percentage of the components in the formula;
step two: preparation of fracturing fluid
Mixing the thickening agent, the water and the gel breaker weighed in the step one in a mixing tank of a sand mixer, stirring for 10-20s, and directly entering a fracturing flow; or the mixed liquid is mixed with the reinforcing agent at the outlet of the stirring tank and then enters the fracturing flow, and the delay time in the flow is 30-40 s;
step three: fracturing construction
Performing fracturing construction and open flow;
step four: oil gas water sand separation
After the third step is finished, recovering and separating oil gas water sand generated in the blowout prevention process;
step five: recycle of flowback fluid
And (4) recovering the oil, gas and sand separated in the step four, and directly replacing clear water in the step one with separated flowback liquid for fracturing construction again.
In actual use, the invention does not need to prepare liquid in advance or a continuous mixing vehicle, realizes direct mixing and continuous construction, and has no residual liquid on site after construction; the invention can utilize the on-site fracturing flow-back fluid to be repeatedly prepared, and solves the problem that the on-site flow-back fluid is difficult to treat; the invention has the advantages of direct mixing and continuous construction, no need of liquid preparation, reduced labor intensity and improved construction efficiency; the invention has the advantages of direct mixing and continuous construction, no need of a continuous mixing vehicle, reduced labor intensity, simplified fracturing procedure and effectively improved construction efficiency.
In conclusion, the invention does not need to prepare liquid in advance and a continuous mixing vehicle, realizes direct mixing and continuous construction, and has no residual liquid on site after the construction is finished; the invention can utilize the on-site fracturing flow-back fluid to be repeatedly prepared, and solves the problem that the on-site flow-back fluid is difficult to treat; the invention has the advantages of direct mixing and continuous construction, no need of liquid preparation, reduced labor intensity and improved construction efficiency; the invention has the advantages of direct mixing and continuous construction, no need of a continuous mixing vehicle, reduced labor intensity, simplified fracturing procedure and effectively improved construction efficiency. The fracturing fluid is an integrated liquid fracturing fluid integrating 'tackifying, drainage assisting and clay anti-swelling', does not need to be prepared in advance or a continuous mixing vehicle, can realize the online real-time conversion of low-viscosity slick water and high-viscosity sand-carrying fluid, and greatly improves the volume fracturing construction efficiency of mixed water.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
In the case of no conflict, a person skilled in the art may combine the related technical features in the above examples according to actual situations to achieve corresponding technical effects, and details of various combining situations are not described herein.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The recoverable fracturing fluid that mixes of integration, its characterized in that: comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.08 to 2.0 percent of thickening agent and the balance of water; the thickening agent is a mixture formed by combining 2-5% of viscoelastic surfactant and 95-98% of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide by mass percent.
2. The integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid of claim 1, wherein: also comprises a gel breaker; the weight percentage of the gel breaker is 0.01-0.04%.
3. The integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid of claim 2, wherein: the gel breaker is any one or combination of any more of an alcohol solvent, an organic solvent or peroxide.
4. The integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid of claim 3, wherein: the organic solvent is one or the combination of two of kerosene or diesel oil; the peroxide is any one or combination of any several of hydrogen peroxide, sodium persulfate or ammonium persulfate.
5. The integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid of claim 1 or 2, wherein: also comprises a reinforcing agent; the weight percentage of the reinforcing agent is 0.3-0.5%.
6. The integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid of claim 5, wherein: the reinforcing agent is any one or combination of any several of zirconium sorbate, zirconium lactate, aluminum oxalate, aluminum citrate, titanium glycerolate and titanium isopropoxide.
7. The integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid of claim 1, wherein: the thickening agent is liquid and has a shear rate of 170s-1The viscosity is less than 100 mPas.
8. The integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid of claim 1, wherein: the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is water-in-oil hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, water-in-water hydrolyzed polyacrylamide or suspension type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, wherein the mass percentage concentration of the hydrolyzed polyacrylamide in the water-in-oil hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, the water-in-water hydrolyzed polyacrylamide or the suspension type hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is 20-40%, and the molecular weight range is 100-2000 ten thousand.
9. The integrated recoverable miscible fracturing fluid of claim 1, wherein: the viscoelastic surfactant is prepared by mixing one or more of oleamide, stearic acid amide, erucic acid betaine, erucic acid amide and alkyl glycoside.
10. The construction method of the integrated recyclable mixable fracturing fluid is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps
The method comprises the following steps: weighing the components
Weighing a thickening agent, a reinforcing agent, a gel breaker and water according to the weight percentage of the components in the formula;
step two: preparation of fracturing fluid
Mixing the thickening agent, the water and the gel breaker weighed in the step one in a mixing tank of a sand mixer, stirring for 10-20s, and directly entering a fracturing flow; or the mixed liquid is mixed with the reinforcing agent at the outlet of the stirring tank and then enters the fracturing flow, and the delay time in the flow is 30-40 s;
step three: fracturing construction
Performing fracturing construction and open flow;
step four: oil gas water sand separation
After the third step is finished, recovering and separating oil gas water sand generated in the blowout prevention process;
step five: recycle of flowback fluid
And (4) recovering the oil, gas and sand separated in the step four, and directly replacing clear water in the step one with separated flowback liquid for fracturing construction again.
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| CN114015429A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-08 | 西安石油大学 | Method for preparing water-based fracturing fluid by using water-based fracturing flow-back fluid |
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Effective date of registration: 20201202 Address after: 100007 Dongcheng District, Dongzhimen, China, North Street, No. 9 Oil Mansion, No. Applicant after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Applicant after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM CORPORATION CHUANQING DRILLING ENGINEERING Co. Address before: 710018 Shaanxi city of Xi'an province Weiyang District four road Fengcheng Changqing Technology Building Applicant before: CNPC CHUANQING DRILLING ENGINEERING COMPANY LIMITED ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Research Institute Applicant before: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Applicant before: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM CORPORATION CHUANQING DRILLING ENGINEERING Co. |
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