CN110982276A - Silicone rubber vibration damping pad with low dynamic-static stiffness ratio and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Silicone rubber vibration damping pad with low dynamic-static stiffness ratio and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a silicon rubber vibration damping pad with low dynamic and static stiffness ratio for vibration damping of rail transit and a manufacturing method thereof. The material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 20-50 parts of fumed silica, 0.5-3 parts of a silane coupling agent, 20-50 parts of a lamellar filler, 1-5 parts of a structural control agent, 0.1-0.5 part of an internal mold release agent and 0.5-3 parts of a vulcanizing agent. The dynamic and static rigidity ratio of the silicon rubber vibration damping pad is less than 1.2. Compared with the traditional damping rubber, the silicon rubber material is used in the field of rail transit damping, and has the advantages of excellent weather resistance, ageing resistance, ultraviolet resistance, excellent electrical insulation performance, low dynamic-static stiffness ratio, good fatigue performance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vibration reduction in rail transit, in particular to a silicon rubber vibration reduction pad with low dynamic-static stiffness ratio and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of urban rail transit in China, the urban traffic environment is effectively improved, and urban and rural construction and economic development are also driven. But the rail transit system inevitably brings problems such as noise, vibration, electromagnetic radiation, etc. to the environment. Therefore, controlling rail traffic noise and vibration is an important issue for improving passenger comfort and environmental protection. The fastener system plays an important role in vibration and noise reduction of the rail, wherein the rubber elastic backing plate is a main vibration reduction element.
In the current market, the commonly used materials of the rubber elastic cushion plate mainly comprise polyurethane elastomer, natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber and the like, but the application of the silicone rubber in the field of vibration and noise reduction has unique advantages. The basic structural unit of the silicon rubber is composed of Si-O chain links, the bond energy of the silicon rubber is larger than that of an organic polymer C-C, C-O bond, and the silicon rubber has unique advantages in ultraviolet resistance, ozone resistance and weather resistance. The main chain of the silicon rubber molecule is a silicon-oxygen bond, the silicon-oxygen bond is in a spiral configuration, and the flexibility of the molecular chain is large, so that the silicon rubber has good elasticity and lower compression permanent deformation performance. With the improvement of the requirements of static rigidity, dynamic-static rigidity ratio and fatigue performance of the rubber base plate on urban subways and high-speed rails at present, the common base plate is difficult to meet the requirements.
The Chinese patent CN102618038A discloses an elastic pad for railway track damping and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the main material of the elastic pad is silicon rubber. The invention inspects the compression permanent deformation, the volume resistance and the fatigue test performance of 300 ten thousand times of the elastic base plate, and does not further inspect and explain the important index of the dynamic stiffness and the static stiffness ratio.
The Chinese invention patent CN107383322A discloses a polyurethane microporous elastomer composite material with low dynamic and static stiffness ratio for urban rails and a preparation method thereof, wherein the dynamic and static stiffness ratio can reach below 1.2, but the polyurethane is inferior to silicon rubber in the aspects of aging resistance and weather resistance when used as a vibration damping material, and meanwhile, a polyurethane foam material is easy to collapse and deform in the long-term use process and gradually loses the vibration damping effect. Therefore, it is very important to develop a rubber elastic pad with excellent comprehensive performance and good vibration damping performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a silicon rubber vibration damping pad with low dynamic-static stiffness ratio and a manufacturing method thereof.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a low dynamic and static stiffness ratio silicone rubber vibration damping pad comprises the following components in parts by mass:
100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber;
20-50 parts of fumed silica;
1-5 parts of a structural control agent;
0.5-3 parts of a silane coupling agent;
20-50 parts of lamellar filler;
0.1-1 part of an internal release agent;
0.5-3 parts of a vulcanizing agent.
The molecular weight of the methyl vinyl silicone rubber is 35-70 ten thousand, wherein the vinyl content is 0.15% -5%.
The specific surface area of the fumed silica is 100-400 m2/g。
The silane coupling agent is at least one of Y-methoxy acrylic acyloxy propyl trimethoxy silane, vinyl trimethoxy silane and vinyl triethoxy silane.
The lamellar filler is at least one of graphite, mica powder and diatomite.
The structural control agent is at least one of α, omega-dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane, diphenylsilandiol and dimethyl diethoxysilane.
The internal mold release agent is at least one of stearic acid, zinc stearate and magnesium stearate.
The vulcanizing agent is at least one of dicumyl peroxide, 2, 4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide and 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (tert-butyl peroxy) hexane peroxide.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the silicone rubber damping pad with low dynamic and static stiffness ratio, which comprises the following steps:
step A: stirring the methyl vinyl silicone rubber and the structural control agent in a kneading machine for 2-5 min;
and B: adding the fumed silica and the silane coupling agent into the mixture in batches, uniformly mixing the mixture, and adding the lamellar filler and the internal release agent into the mixture in batches until the mixture is uniformly stirred;
and C: heating to 120-180 ℃, vacuumizing and stirring for 1-2 h, and discharging to obtain a silicone rubber compound;
step D: after the silicon rubber compound is cooled to room temperature, adding a vulcanizing agent into an open mill, thinly passing for 4-6 times, discharging the rubber, cooling to room temperature, and standing for more than 16 hours;
step E: putting the rubber compound into a mold for vulcanization, wherein the vulcanization pressure is 14.5-15.5 MPa, the vulcanization temperature is 120-170 ℃, and the vulcanization time is 18-22 min;
step F: after vulcanization, opening the mold, taking out the product, and self-checking and trimming;
step G: putting the product into a baking oven at 190-210 ℃, and vulcanizing for 3.5-4.5 h for the second time to obtain the silicon rubber damping pad with low dynamic and static stiffness ratio;
step H: and after the inspection is qualified, packaging and warehousing.
In the invention, the silicon rubber vibration damping base plate is required to achieve a very low dynamic-static rigidity ratio, namely the silicon rubber base plate is required to have good elasticity and elastic recovery. According to the invention, one or more silane coupling agents with double bonds are adopted, so that more crosslinking points can be provided for the silicon rubber, the crosslinking density of the silicon rubber is increased, the elastic recovery speed is increased, the dynamic stiffness of the silicon rubber base plate is increased, the dynamic stiffness is closer to the value of static stiffness, and a smaller dynamic-static stiffness ratio is obtained. Meanwhile, hydroxyl after the silane coupling agent is hydrolyzed and inorganic filler surface molecules react to form hydrogen bonds, so that the dispersion effect of the white carbon black and the lamellar filler in the silicone rubber can be improved.
In the invention, one or more lamellar fillers are adopted, the lamellar fillers are less in contact with the rubber macromolecular chains, and when dynamic load is applied, the viscoelastic hysteresis benefit can be increased, and the damping performance of the silicone rubber is compensated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the silicon rubber vibration damping pad with low dynamic and static rigidity ratio provided by the invention has the dynamic and static rigidity ratio less than 1.2. The silicon rubber vibration damping pad passes 300 ten thousand fatigue tests of iron hospital, the static rigidity change rate is only 1.4 percent and is less than 15 percent of the standard requirement; the permanent deformation is only 0.3 percent and is far less than 10 percent of the standard requirement, and the appearance is not obviously damaged.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber (with a vinyl content of 0.15 percent and a molecular weight of 60 ten thousand) and 5 parts of α, omega-dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane (with a viscosity of 30mPa.s) are stirred in a kneader for 4min, and then 40 parts of fumed silica (with a specific surface area of 200 m) are added in batches2And/g) and 1 part of vinyltrimethoxysilane are mixed uniformly, 20 parts of sheet mica powder and 0.5 part of zinc stearate are added in batches and mixed into a mass in a kneader, and then the mixture is vacuumized for 2 hours (vacuum-0.08 MPa, temperature 120 ℃). And cooling the mixed silicon rubber to room temperature, and standing for 24 h.
1 part of 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexane peroxide is added to an open mill, thin-passed for 4 times, and the mixture is cooled to room temperature and left for more than 16 h. Weighing a proper amount of rubber compound, putting the rubber compound into a mold, and vulcanizing for 20min under the conditions of the temperature of 170 ℃ and the pressure of 15 MPa. Cutting and trimming the vulcanized silicon rubber damping pad, putting the cut and trimmed silicon rubber damping pad into a 200 ℃ oven, and vulcanizing for two times for 4 hours. And after the inspection is qualified, packaging and warehousing.
Example 2
100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber (with the vinyl content of 0.15 percent and the molecular weight of 65 ten thousand) and 4 parts of α, omega-dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane (with the viscosity of 30mPa.s) are stirred in a kneader for 4min, and then 45 parts of fumed silica (with the specific surface area of 200 m) are added in batches2And/g), 0.4 part of Y-methoxy acrylic acyloxy propyl trimethoxy silane and 0.5 part of vinyl triethoxy silane are mixed evenly, then 40 parts of lamellar graphite and 0.5 part of stearic acid are added in batches and mixed into a mass in a kneader, and then the mixture is vacuumized for 2 hours (the vacuum is 0.08MPa, the temperature is 120 ℃). And cooling the mixed silicon rubber to room temperature, and standing for 24 h.
1 part of 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexane peroxide is added to an open mill, thin-passed for 4 times, and the mixture is cooled to room temperature and left for more than 16 h. Weighing a proper amount of rubber compound, putting the rubber compound into a mold, and vulcanizing for 20min under the conditions of the temperature of 170 ℃ and the pressure of 15 MPa. Cutting and trimming the vulcanized silicon rubber damping pad, putting the cut and trimmed silicon rubber damping pad into a 200 ℃ oven, and vulcanizing for two times for 4 hours. And after the inspection is qualified, packaging and warehousing.
Example 3
100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber (with the vinyl content of 0.2 percent and the molecular weight of 60 ten thousand) and 5 parts of dimethyl diethoxysilane are stirred in a kneader for 4min, and then 40 parts of fumed silica (with the specific surface area of 400 m) is added in batches2And/g) and 1 part of vinyltrimethoxysilane are mixed evenly, 50 parts of lamellar diatomite and 0.5 part of zinc stearate are added in batches and mixed into a mass in a kneader, and then the mixture is vacuumized for 2 hours (vacuum-0.08 MPa, temperature 120 ℃). And cooling the mixed silicon rubber to room temperature, and standing for 24 h.
2 parts of 2, 4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide are added to an open mill, the mixture is passed through for 4 times, and then the mixture is fed, cooled to room temperature and placed for more than 16 hours. Weighing a proper amount of rubber compound, putting the rubber compound into a mold, and vulcanizing for 10min under the conditions of the temperature of 120 ℃ and the pressure of 15 MPa. Cutting and trimming the vulcanized silicon rubber damping pad, putting the cut and trimmed silicon rubber damping pad into a 200 ℃ oven, and vulcanizing for two times for 4 hours. And after the inspection is qualified, packaging and warehousing.
Example 4
A methyl vinyl group100 parts of silicon rubber (with 5 percent of vinyl content and 60 ten thousand of molecular weight) and 5 parts of dimethyl diethoxysilane are stirred in a kneader for 4min, and then 50 parts of fumed silica (with the specific surface area of 200 m) are added in batches2And/g) and 1.2 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane are mixed uniformly, 20 parts of sheet mica powder, 30 parts of sheet diatomite and 0.5 part of zinc stearate are added in batches and mixed in a kneader to form a mass, and then the mixture is vacuumized for 2 hours (the vacuum is 0.08MPa, the temperature is 120 ℃). And cooling the mixed silicon rubber to room temperature, and standing for 24 h.
2 parts of 2, 4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide are added to an open mill, the mixture is passed through for 4 times, and then the mixture is fed, cooled to room temperature and placed for more than 16 hours. Weighing a proper amount of rubber compound, putting the rubber compound into a mold, and vulcanizing for 10min under the conditions of the temperature of 120 ℃ and the pressure of 15 MPa. Cutting and trimming the vulcanized silicon rubber damping pad, putting the cut and trimmed silicon rubber damping pad into a 200 ℃ oven, and vulcanizing for two times for 4 hours. And after the inspection is qualified, packaging and warehousing.
Example 5
100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber (5 percent of vinyl content and 60 ten thousand of molecular weight) and 5 parts of dimethyl diethoxysilane are stirred in a kneader for 4min, and then 50 parts of fumed silica (with the specific surface area of 200 m) are added in batches2And/g), 0.8 part of Y-methoxy acrylic acyloxy propyl trimethoxy silane and 1.2 parts of vinyl trimethoxy silane are mixed uniformly, 30 parts of sheet mica powder, 10 parts of sheet diatomite and 0.5 part of zinc stearate are added in batches and mixed into a mass in a kneading machine, and then the mixture is vacuumized for 2 hours (the vacuum is-0.08 MPa, the temperature is 120 ℃). And cooling the mixed silicon rubber to room temperature, and standing for 24 h.
2 parts of 2, 4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide are added to an open mill, the mixture is passed through for 4 times, and then the mixture is fed, cooled to room temperature and placed for more than 16 hours. Weighing a proper amount of rubber compound, putting the rubber compound into a mold, and vulcanizing for 10min under the conditions of the temperature of 120 ℃ and the pressure of 15 MPa. Cutting and trimming the vulcanized silicon rubber damping pad, putting the cut and trimmed silicon rubber damping pad into a 200 ℃ oven, and vulcanizing for two times for 4 hours. And after the inspection is qualified, packaging and warehousing.
Example 6
100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber (with the vinyl content of 0.15 percent and the molecular weight of 60 ten thousand) and 5 parts of diphenyl silanediol are stirred in a kneader for 4min, and then 40 parts of fumed silica (specific table) is added in batchesArea 380m2And/g) and 1.5 parts of Y- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxy silane are mixed evenly, then 40 parts of sheet mica powder and 0.3 part of stearic acid are added in batches and mixed into a mass in a kneader, and then the mixture is vacuumized for 2 hours (vacuum-0.08 MPa, temperature 120 ℃). And cooling the mixed silicon rubber to room temperature, and standing for 24 h.
1 part of dicumyl peroxide is added into an open mill, the mixture is passed through for 4 times, and the mixture is fed, cooled to room temperature and placed for more than 16 hours. Weighing a proper amount of rubber compound, putting the rubber compound into a mold, and vulcanizing for 20min under the conditions of 160 ℃ and 15 MPa. Cutting and trimming the vulcanized silicon rubber damping pad, putting the cut and trimmed silicon rubber damping pad into a 200 ℃ oven, and vulcanizing for two times for 4 hours. And after the inspection is qualified, packaging and warehousing.
The test execution criteria for examples 1-6 above are as follows:
tensile strength: preparing a sample according to the dumbbell type in the national standard GB/T528-2009 and detecting.
Elongation at break: preparing a sample according to the dumbbell type in the national standard GB/T528-2009 and detecting.
Static stiffness: tested according to appendix A of the national railway standard TBT 3395.1-2015.
Dynamic and static stiffness ratio: tested according to annex A and annex B of the national railway Standard TBT 3395.1-2015.
300 ten thousand fatigue tests: tested according to appendix C of the national railway standard TBT 3395.1-2015.
The results of the tests of the above examples 1-6 are shown in Table 1:
table 1 examples 1-6 test results relating to silicone rubber vibration damping shim plates
As can be seen from Table 1, the dynamic-static stiffness ratio of the silicone rubber shock absorption backing plate prepared by the invention can be less than 1.2, and the silicone rubber shock absorption backing plate has small deformation and no damage to the appearance after 300 ten thousand fatigue tests.
Although the invention has been described herein with reference to illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications may be made to the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure herein. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The silicon rubber vibration damping pad with the low dynamic-static stiffness ratio is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber;
20-50 parts of fumed silica;
1-5 parts of a structural control agent;
0.5-3 parts of a silane coupling agent;
20-50 parts of lamellar filler;
0.1-1 part of an internal release agent;
0.5-3 parts of a vulcanizing agent.
2. The low dynamic-static stiffness ratio silicone rubber damping pad according to claim 1, wherein the molecular weight of the methyl vinyl silicone rubber is 35 to 70 ten thousand, wherein the vinyl content is 0.15 to 5 percent.
3. The low dynamic-static stiffness ratio silicone rubber damping pad according to claim 1, wherein the fumed silica has a specific surface area of 100-400 m2/g。
4. The silicone rubber damping pad with low dynamic-static stiffness ratio as claimed in claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent is at least one of Y-methoxy acryloxy propyl trimethoxy silane, vinyl trimethoxy silane, and vinyl triethoxy silane.
5. The low dynamic-static stiffness ratio silicone rubber damping pad according to claim 1, wherein the lamellar filler is at least one of graphite, mica powder and diatomite.
6. The low dynamic-static stiffness ratio silicone rubber damping pad as set forth in claim 1, wherein the structural control agent is at least one of α, ω -dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane, diphenylsilanediol, and dimethyldiethoxysilane.
7. The silicone rubber vibration-damping pad with low dynamic-static stiffness ratio as claimed in claim 1, wherein the internal mold release agent is at least one of stearic acid, zinc stearate and magnesium stearate.
8. The low dynamic-static stiffness ratio silicone rubber damping pad as set forth in claim 1, wherein said vulcanizing agent is at least one of dicumyl peroxide, 2, 4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (t-butylperoxy) hexane peroxide.
9. The method for preparing a silicone rubber vibration-damping cushion having a low dynamic-static stiffness ratio as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step A: stirring the methyl vinyl silicone rubber and the structural control agent in a kneading machine for 2-5 min;
and B: adding the fumed silica and the silane coupling agent into the mixture in batches, uniformly mixing the mixture, and adding the lamellar filler and the internal release agent into the mixture in batches until the mixture is uniformly stirred;
and C: heating to 120-180 ℃, vacuumizing and stirring for 1-2 h, and discharging to obtain a silicone rubber compound;
step D: after the silicon rubber compound is cooled to room temperature, adding a vulcanizing agent into an open mill, thinly passing for 4-6 times, discharging the rubber, cooling to room temperature, and standing for more than 16 hours;
step E: putting the rubber compound into a mold for vulcanization, wherein the vulcanization pressure is 14.5-15.5 MPa, the vulcanization temperature is 120-170 ℃, and the vulcanization time is 18-22 min;
step F: after vulcanization, opening the mold, taking out the product, and self-checking and trimming;
step G: and (3) putting the product into a baking oven at 190-210 ℃ for secondary vulcanization for 3.5-4.5 h to obtain the silicone rubber vibration damping pad with low dynamic and static stiffness ratio.
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| CN113969060A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-01-25 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | High-thermal-conductivity flame-retardant liquid silicone rubber for insulating material, preparation method and application |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113969060A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-01-25 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | High-thermal-conductivity flame-retardant liquid silicone rubber for insulating material, preparation method and application |
| CN113969060B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-03-14 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | High-thermal-conductivity flame-retardant liquid silicone rubber for insulating material, preparation method and application |
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